DE2212774A1 - Connection profile between two cylindrical parts of a tenon or a beam - Google Patents

Description

PATENT ADVOCATE DIPL.-PHYS. HEINRICH SEIDS 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · PO Box 12068 · Telephone (06121) 565382 Postscheck Frankfurt / Main 1810 08 · Bank Deutsche Bank 395 63 72 ■ Nass. Sparkasse 108 00 30 65

Wiesbaden, March 14, 1972 p 262

Soeidte Anonyme ditei SOOIE [DE ARDEOTAISE D ¹ ESSIEUX PARIS / France

Connection profile between two cylindrical parts of a tenon or a beam Priority: France of March 25, 1971

French patent application Ur.

71.10 675

The invention "relates to a tenon or a beam, generally to a workpiece that is static and "or or support dynamic bending forces and "or or torsional forces has, whereby these forces are wavy, alternating ^ - can be repeated and the workpiece has two cylindrical parts with different diameters, such as a shaft, an axle, an axle bearing and the supporting parts for fastening and storage, The object of the invention is to create an improved profile that the two cylindrical parts under loading

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Dipl.-Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 120 68 -Telephone (0 61 21) 5o53

connects considerably improved conditions with each other, in particular by the connection profile according to the invention adverse effects of any abrupt local concentration of necking causing cross-section Avoids sand erosion and thus allows better performance capabilities based on the same material conditions to achieve or the same performance with lighter material and / or using less expensive material, especially less sophisticated steels. The profile is created by the invention starting from the study of the concentrations of neckings and their effects on the ability of mechanical parts intended to withstand varied, dynamic force effects, namely the knowledge of the performance limit or durability against fatigue. Mind you, it guarantees resistance to fatigue for a given type of loading, the resistance to static forces are inherently the same nominal value.

The above-mentioned effects of necking concentration result from:

- at * e of the surface shape of the connection;

- the micro-geometry of the surface of the connection (surface texture);

- the yardstick coefficient, which is a function of the

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Dipl.-Phys. Heinrich Seids Patent Attorney 62 Wiesbaden Bierstadter Höhe 15 - P.O. Box 120 68 Telephone (0 61 21) 56 53

ratio of similarity between the dimensions of a Test body and the actual workpiece.

According to the invention, the connecting profile has a starting from the cylindrical part of smaller diameter to the cylindrical part of larger diameter the following elements:

a) a first approach with an arc with a large radius of curvature with tangential or reduced Connection to the cylindrical part of smaller diameter;

b) a second approach with an arc of small radius of curvature with tangential connection to the first run-in and run-out towards at least one radial plane;

c) a collar with a radial flange and a cylindrical or conical cylindrical or conical part that tapers into a diameter, which is equal to the diameter of the second cylindrical part of the larger diameter and

d) a symmetrical groove with an arc of a large radius of curvature.

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Dipl.-Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (0 61 21) 565382

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This double approach and the groove of the connection profile according to the invention have the effect that the lines of force when the cross-section change between the two cylindrical Parts are distributed, which mind you avoid any undesirable, local concentration of constrictions.

It should be noted that the surface condition should be taken into account when dimensioning the first approach, as known to those skilled in the art. However, experience and experiments with the invention have shown that the Surface condition for the dimensioning of the first attempt is much less important than the profile design, which is also much more important than the grade of the steel used. The radial hank of the above-mentioned collar forms a positive, axial stop at the same time in the connection profile according to the invention.

In the following the invention, its dispositions and advantages as well as various special profiles according to the invention are presented explained with reference to the drawing as exemplary embodiments. Show it:

1 shows a graphic representation and scheme for a workpiece with two cylindrical parts different diameter and classic

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Dipl.-Phys. Heinrich Seids -Patentanwalt · 62 Wiesbaden ■ Bierstadter Höhe 15 ■ P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (0 6121) 56 53

Connection start, from which the problems underlying the invention are illustrated- ' ren;

Fig. 2 is a graph showing the behavior of the classic profile and the Profile are compared according to the invention;

Pig. 3 shows an axle head with a profile according to the invention;

4 shows a detail of FIG. 3 on a larger scale, which reproduces the connection profile according to the invention;

FIG. 5 shows a detailed representation corresponding to FIG. one connection with reduction (not tangential) of the first approach to the cylindrical one Part (smaller diameter) and a tangential connection of the second approach to the flank of the collar in one Shows connection profile according to the invention;

FIG. 6 shows a detailed illustration corresponding to FIG. 5

with the modification to a tangluelike connection of the first approach to the cylindrical one Part of smaller diameter;

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Dipl.-Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · Postfadi 120 68 · Telephone (0 61 21) 5t. 53

Pig, 7 a detailed representation corresponding to the figure with the modification of the non-tangential Connection of the second attempt to 'the hook of the collar and

Pig. 8 a detailed representation according to Pigur with the modification of the non-tangential Connection of the second approach to the plank of the collar.

As can be seen from Pigur 1, the workpiece P carries one behind the other two cylindrical parts with the respective diameters D 1 and D 2, which in the classic way have a run-up or a groove with the radius R 1 are connected to one another. The curves of the Pigur 1, the result of Experiments and calculations are, have the ratio R 1 / D 1 as the abscissa and a factor Kf as the ordinate, which represents the concentration of forces due to the porms. Kf is a multiplier coefficient, the static constriction. The two curves are for two different values for the ratio of the two diameters D 1 and D and show that the effect becomes more noticeable the greater this ratio D2 / D1.

Pigur 2 shows a graph, the abscissas of which are the velocities and the ordinates of which reproduce the constrictions. The level So shows the pure static constriction PL / (I / V).

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Dipl.-Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney - 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (0 6121) 56 53

The level St reflects the constriction taking into account the profile, and the curve Dt takes that into account dynamic influence, both of which relate to a profile known from the prior art. The Slveau E indicates the limit of the performance, according to which the known profile allows the speed Vm and at the Limit the speed Yt. The level Si and the curve will be returned to below.

FIG. 3 shows an axis head with the axis X / Z and FIG. 4 gives a detail on a larger scale of the run-up profile according to the invention again. The axle head has a cylindrical Part with the diameter D1 and a cylindrical part with the diameter D2, which is larger than the Diameter is D1. These cylindrical parts can be carried in bearings or rolling elements, for example. The transition profile according to the invention has a starting from the area AB with the smaller diameter D1 first throat or a »first approach BG with a large radius R1, the center of which is in a right-angled position B (tangential connection) or as shown outside of A-B (connection with reduction). Also contains the connection is a second fillet or a second approach CD with a small radius R2, which is tangential at G. the first attempt or, the first throat connects and at

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Dipl.-Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box ί 20 68 · Telephone (0 61 21) 56 53

D (as shown) enters a radial plane, or beyond this radial plane. A collar DEI ¹ , which has a radial flank DE, can form a positive, axial stop and be arranged at a distance L from the center of curvature 01. Furthermore, the collar DEF has a cylindrical part EF (partially shown in phantom) or a conical-cylindrical part (fully drawn) or a conical part (shown in phantom) which ends at F with the same diameter D2 as that of the cylindrical part Larger diameter, a groove FG- with a large radius of curvature R3 and a center of curvature 03 is connected to it.

FIGS. 5 »6, 7 and 8 explain the cases where the connection of the first groove BC is tangential (FIGS. 6 and 8) or is not tangential (Figures 5 and 7), and where the connection of the radial flank DE is tangential (Figures 5 and 6) or is not tangential (Figs. 7 and 8). In all of these cases, the collar EF, as already mentioned, can be cylindrical (partially dashed) or conical-cylindrical (fully extended) or conical (fully dashed).

The choice of the respective BODEFG profile is based on Within the scope of the invention of the following elements

209842/0678

Dipl.-Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 120 68 -Telephone (0 6121) 56 53

- laboratory tests on reduced specimens;

- experiments on the beam bench with a wavy bend;

- Elaboration that focuses on the behavior of the workpieces subjected to dynamic bending forces support.

The reasons for choosing are:

- As already mentioned, the suppression of the adverse effects of a sudden (abrupt) change in cross-section, a concentration in every pail cause constrictions in the closure zone;

- Shifting the maximum constriction below the performance limit and all the more below it the elastic limit of the selected materials, in such a way that the repetitive, alternating or wave-shaped impacts on the mechanical part do not add up, i.e. that the accumulation of these forces does not lead to fracture through fatigue through link-wise interaction to lead. In doing so, such dynamic forces that do not have any permanent deformation must be taken into account evoke before rupture;

- Shifting the maximum containment below the elastic limit, namely below the Breaking elastic limit under consideration

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Dipl.-Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (0 61 21) 5e> 53

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in the event of exposure to static forces only.

From the studies on test specimens using iOtoelasticimetry it follows that the guidelines, such as 01, X1 (see Figures 5 to 8) on the lines of force, such as 11 ..., In (see Figures 5 "to 8) should be vertical. This condition leads to the selection of the values for R1 and R2, where R1 is so large should be selected as possible with respect to D1, and R2 for connection to the segment DE. kThe maximum value of R1 is a function of the manufacturing facilities of the profile and the requirements for assembly to the axial stop

to realize. The angle B01C must be at least equal to the angle B01X1 in order to eliminate the influence of R2, i.e. a function of the Subsequently to receive.

It should be mentioned that the profile DEF can be reduced in a variant to a truncated cone, which the segment DF as generating and has limited the possibilities of realizing the attack.

The segment EF should be as short as possible because its length corresponds to the profile of line 11 (the envelope of the lines of force) influenced. The radius of curvature R3 of the arc FG

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Dipl.-Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe IS · P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (06121) 56 5382

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should be large enough to be parallel to line L1 to redirect to the axis. The ratio FG / R3 should ensure that the throat with the center 03 is given such a run that the overall constriction in cross section S3 is slightly above that in the cross section with the diameter D2, the concentration τοη Constrictions must be taken into account. In summary: The FG profile has the function of a relaxation throat.

As already mentioned, the ratio R1 / D1 should be kept as large as possible, as far as this is required for assembly. The ratio R1 / L should be below 2.5, just as the factor of the constriction concentration should not exceed R2 / D1; The relationship R2 / D1 then has no influence. The ratio D2 / D1, since it is not used, should be as small as possible being held. As already mentioned, the EF segment should be kept as short as possible. Finally enough it is that the total of the constriction at the base of the throat (S3) is slightly below that at S1.

It should be noted that the profiles defined above are attached to a rotating pin, a plate support piece of a Axis or the like. come to be applied, with which with simple or rotating bending loads.

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Dipl.-Phys. Heinrich Seids Patent Attorney 62 Wiesbaden Bierstadter Hohe 15 P.O. Box 120 68 Telephone (0 61 21) 56 53 82

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Referring back to the illustration in FIG. 2, the level Si and the curve Di refer to a profile according to FIG of the invention, namely on the static constriction and the dynamic constriction. It can be seen from this graphic representation that the limit speed for the same material Vt for a classic profile is exceeded by the higher value 71 for a profile according to the invention * It follows from the same fact that "if the same Material behavior of a profile according to the invention a significant improvement in the static and dynamic Performance under bending is achieved in a workpiece according to the invention.

209842/0678

Claims (7)

Dipl.-Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (0 6121) 56 53 - 13 - Claims .J connection profile between two cylindrical parts of a Pin or beam, characterized in that starting from the cylindrical part of smaller diameter according to the The following elements are arranged in the cylindrical part of larger diameter: a) a first run with an arc with a large radius of curvature with tangential or reduced connection to the cylindrical part; b) a second approach with an arc with a small radius of curvature with tangential connection to the first approach and transition at least to the radial tangent plane to j c) a collar with a radial flank and a cylindrical or conical-cylindrical or conical part, the • ends on the same diameter as that of the second cylindrical part of larger diameter and d) a symmetrical groove with an arc of great curvature. 2. Profile according to claim 1, characterized in that the - 14 2098Λ2 / 0678 Dipl.-Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney - 62 Wiesbaden ■ Bierstadter Höht 15 · P.O. Box 1206 »· Telephone (06121) 56 53 -H- Center angle of the first approach at least equal is the one enclosed by the rays perpendicular to the lines of force. 3. Profile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the! depth of the symmetrical valley results in at least a minimum cross-section, that of a total constriction at the throat corresponds to the above the entire constriction in the cross section of the cylindrical part with large diameter and is at most equal to that which has a total constriction in the minimum cross-section slightly below the total constriction in the minimum cross-section of the first approach. 4. Profile according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the ratio of the radius of curvature of the first approach to the diameter of the first cylindrical part smaller diameter is chosen as large as possible. 5. Profile according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that the ratio of the radius of curvature of the first approach to the distance of the center of curvature of the first approach to the radial flank of the collar is below the value 2.5. - 15 209842/0678 Dipl.-Fhvi .. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden - Bierstadter Höhe 15 · Postfacji 120 68 · Telephone (0 6121) 56 53 - 15 - 6. Profile according to one of claims 1 "to 5» characterized in that that the ratio of the diameters of the two cylindrical Parts is kept as small as possible. 7. Profile according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the collar is kept as short as possible. 209842/0678