DE2161817A1 - Cosmetic preparations - Google Patents

Description

DR. BERG DIPL.-ING. STAPF 2 1 R 1 ft I 7

PATENT LAWYERS A I O I Q I #

8 MUNICH aO, MAUERKIRCHERSTR. 45

• Dr. Barg Dipl.-Ing. Stapf, 8 Munich 80, MauerkircherstraB «45

Your letter Our reference date i Q Πα ,? IQTl

Attorney files 21 879
Be / A

I,
Paris (frankreioh)

"Cosmetic preparations ¹¹

Inventor »Ghristos Papantoniou Paul Roussopoulos Andre? Iout

The present invention "relates to cosmetic preparations, such as hair lacquers or water wave lotions, as well as new resins or copolymers that are used for these preparations are suitable.

In particular, the present invention relates to new, cost-effective

Metisehe preparations based on copolymers special kind,

Cosmetic preparations based on this are already known of copolymers, these originating from the polymerization of at least 2 monomers, with at least each one is selected from each of the following groups: i

- a first group, that of esters of unsaturated alcohols

»With saturated, short-chain carboxylic acids and esters short-chain, saturated alcohols are formed with unsaturated acids, and

- a second group formed by unsaturated acids will"

It has also already been proposed for manufacture cosmetic preparations, such as varnishes and water wave lotions, to use copolymers obtained from the polymerization of at least 3 monomers, with 2 mono- * mers taken from each of the two groups given above while the third monomer comes from a group consisting of esters of long-chain acids with unsaturated alcohols, Esters of unsaturated acids with a saturated or unsaturated alcohol with 8 to 18 carbon atoms or a lanolin alcohol, alkyl vinyl ethers, alkyl allyl ethers, Alkyl methallyl ethers, alkyl crotyl ethers and -Olefins is formed,

209827/1031

The cosmetic preparations produced with such copolymers as starting materials are not perfect Satisfactory because the hair has an insufficient shine and are difficult to comb after spraying or loading.

The main reason for these disadvantages is to be found in the fact that the copolymers contained in these preparations have macromolecular chains, the content of which in each of the Monomers considerably between one chain and another and part of a chain and another part of the same chain varies.

To get better paints or water wave lotions the applicant has already proposed to use copolymers for the production of paints and water wave lotions, which have a homogeneous or substantially homogeneous composition, d. H. that with each of the resin forming macromolecular chains of the content at least remains essentially constant on one of the monomers forming it and this over the entire length of the chain ..

SolcJae types of copolymers called "homogeneous Copolymers "can be designated, are obtained by copolymerization of at least 1 monomer, the taken at least two of the following three groups becomes, namely:

-4-

209 827/1031 . ■ ... ^l - \

- Group I: esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated, short-chain carboxylic acids, esters of saturated, short-chain alcohols with unsaturated acids, where the carbon chains present in these compounds are optionally replaced by divalent heteroatoms or Hetero groups, such as -0-, -S- or -KH- can be interrupted and also by hydroxy groups in the ß-position to the Heteroatom can be substituted,

- Group II: unsaturated acids, and

- Group III: esters of long-chain acids with unsaturated alcohols, esters of unsaturated acids from group II with a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched alcohol having 8 to 18 carbon atoms or a lanolin alcohol, alkyl vinyl ether, alkyl allyl ether, Alkyl methallyl ethers or alkyl crotyl ethers, oc-olefins and äthylenisehen, N-substituted pyrrolidone compounds,

these copolymers in their various macromolecular Chains have essentially the same content of at least one of their constituent monomers, and that over the entire length of the chain, with the monomer content by not more than 2.5 wt. #, based on the average content on this monomer or these monomers within the macromolecular chains and this over the entire The length of the chains varies. . .

-5-

209827/1031

2161317

It has now been found that it is very advantageous to use other types of γόη homogeneous copolymers which have very good cosmetic properties as the resin for hair lacquers or water wave lotions.

These homogeneous copolymers are obtained by copolymerizing U-yinyl pyrrolidone with at least a monomer from the group of:

- Esters of saturated, long-chain acids with unsaturated ones Alcohols,

- Esters of unsaturated acids with long-chain alcohols with 8 to 18 carbon atoms,

- Alkyl-alkyl en-ethers and oc-olefins.

These homogeneous "copolymers, as defined above, have essentially the same retention of at least one of the monomers forming them, and this over the entire length of the chains, the monomer content not being more than 2.5% by weight, based on the average content of this Monomer or these monomers, within all macromolecular chains, and this over the entire length of the chains, varies.

The prayers of saturated acids with unsaturated alcohols correspond to the following general formula '

-6-209827 / 1031 OBlGiNAL INSPECTED

E - GOO - (CH ₉ L -'GH = GH (I),

where R is a saturated, straight or branched hydrocarbon ^{radical having 7 to 21 carbon atoms, R 1} and R ^{fl are} independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical and η is 0 or 1.

Such esters include in particular yinyloctanoate »
Yinyl laurate, vinyl palmitate, vinyl stearate, yinyl isostearate, allyl laurate, methallyl laurate, allyl stearate, Me t ha Uy 1st earat, allyl isostearate »methallyl isostearate, allyl behenate ^ ',
Methallyl behenate and crotyl laurato

The esters of unsaturated acids with alcohols having 8 to 18 carbon atoms have the general formula

R ₁ - GH = G - Y - R ₂ (II),

where R and R ^1. , independently of one another, are a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical, R _{2 is} the radical ^ -GÖOR ¹ · ^! or

GOOR ¹ "OOOR ¹ "

is, where R ¹ * 'is a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched hydrocarbon chain with 8 to 18 carbon

209827/1031 " ⁷ "

atoms, Y a single bond, a hydrocarbon chain having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a hydrocarbon chain having 1 "to 8 carbon atoms, those by divalent heteroatoms or hetero groups, namely -0- and / or -S-, are interrupted.

These esters include in particular oleyl crotonate, lauryl vinyl acetate, Stearylallyl acetate, laurylallyloxy acetate, Laurylallyl-ihioacetate, laurylallylamino-acetate, dioctylallylmalonate and octyl undecylenate.

The alkyl-alkylene ethers correspond to the following general Formula:

OH »C- (CH ₂ ) _n - 0 - R ₃ (III),

R R '

wherein R and R ^{1 are} independently a hydrogen atom or a -0H ^ - & r group, R _{n is} a straight or branched alkyl radical having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, the carbon chain of which is optionally replaced by divalent heteroatoms, namely -0- and / or -S- is interrupted, wherein the carbon chain can also be substituted on the carbon in the β-position to the heteroatom by an OH group _o

Such ethers include in particular Getyl vinyl ethers, Stearyl vinyl ether, octadecyl vinyl ether, lauryl allyl ether, Lauryl methallyl ether, 1-allyloxy - ^ - dodecylthio ^ -propanol,

209827/1031

ORIGINAL INSPECTED

- ο -

i-Allyloxy-i-dodecyloxy-E-propanol and stearyl crotyl ether »

The oc-olefins have the general formula

CH ₂ = OH - E ₄ '(IY),

wherein E. is a straight alkyl radical having 4 to 18 carbon atoms is.

Such olefins include in particular 1-hexene, 1-octene, Dodecene-1, hexadecene-1, octadecene-1 and eicosen-1.

The cosmetic preparation according to the invention can, for example be a hair varnish (hair set), which was obtained by at least one homogeneous copolymer after the Invention brought this into solution in an alcohol has filled an alcoholic solution into a spray bottle and mixed it with a liquefied propellant gas under pressure »

You can get a spray intended for paint according to the invention by eggern a mixture of 25 to 33 parts by weight of anhydrous, aliphatic alcohol, such as ethanol or isopropanol and 66 to 75 parts by weight of liquefied propellant gas or propellant gas mixture, such as halogenated hydrocarbons, which under the are known trademark "Freon" and in particular, trichloro-fluoromethane or dichloro-difluoromethane, 1 to 4 wt $ _e of at least one homogeneous interpolymer, as described above, adding "

-9-

2 00 0 2 7/1031

The cosmetic preparation according to the invention may be provided in the same way as a water wave lotion to give this thereby obtained that, as explained above, dissolved in a hydrocarbon solvent of 20 to 70 96 alcohol 1 to 3 wt. I »of at least one homogeneous interpolymer"

It should be pointed out that it is possible to meet the cosmos Preparations according to the invention auxiliaries, such as plasticizers, perfumes, dyes and all others, in the cosmetic field Admit area frequently used aids »

The process for the production of homogeneous polymers consists in the fact that a mixture of the starting material is used different monomers are used in such a ratio that the copolymer formed at the beginning of the polymerization Has the proportions that you want that sets the polymerization in motion, and that one of the mixture given amount of each of the most reactive monomers is added until the content of the specified monomers in the Mixture corresponds to the formation of a copolymer whose content of the specified monomers exceeds the limits, which one has determined, after which the polymerization is allowed to proceed and the process up to the calculated Consumption of the monomers repeated

Processes which enable the production of such polymers are described in French patent specification 1,090,912

-10-

2 09? I 27/1031

- ίο -

and 1 002 763 of the N.V. de Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij described.

The present invention relates in the same way to copolymers, which have essentially the same content of at least one of their constituent monomers over the whole length of the macromolecular chain, the monomer content no more than $ 2.5 based on average salary on this monomer or on these monomers changes and this over the entire length of the macromolecular Chain, these copolymers being obtained by adding ET-yinyl pyrrolidone to the copolymerization with at least one monomer from the group:

- Esters of saturated acids with unsaturated alcohols of the formula (I),

- Esters of unsaturated acids with alcohols, the Alcohols contain 8 to 18 carbon atoms, of the formula

(II),

- Alkyl-alkylene ethers of the formula (III), and

- a-01efine of formula (IV) subjectο

The average molecular weights of the copolymers

_ 1 "i _

209027/1 031

according to the invention are preferably between about 20,000 and 600,000.

The proportion of Bj-vinyl-pyrrolidone in the homogeneous copolymers according to the invention is generally between 70 and 98%, but preferably between 80 and 97%.

Examples now follow for a better understanding of the invention on the production of the homogeneous copolymer and the cosmetic preparation, without thereby affecting the scope of the invention to restrict.

example 1

Homogeneous N-vinyl pyrrolidone / octadecyl vinyl ether polymer

386.96 g of N-yinyl pyrrolidone are introduced into a 2 L flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, nitrogen inlet, thermometer and a bromine ampoule with an addition regulator. 113.04 g of octadecyl vinyl ether and 2.5 g of azo-bis-isobutyronitrile in solution in 500 g of toluene.

The device is kept at 75-1 ° 0 via a thermostat, and a solution of 250.6 g of N-vinyl-pyrrolidone and 250 g of toluene is introduced through the bromine ampoule with stirring at such a rate that the thus formed Copolymer 15-2 f » octadecyl vinyl ether over the entire length of the macromolecular chains

contains.

-12-

After the end of the copolymerization, the (toluene distilled off under vacuum, and the polymer is obtained in powder form (average molecular weight =? 180,000) «

The viscosity of the polymer, obtained in a 5% solution in DMi ⁵ "at 34.6 ⁰ G by means of an Ostwald tube, is 2.88 cp.

Various copolymers are listed in Table I below summarized according to the invention, the production of which can be carried out as in Example 1.

In these various examples, azo-bis-isobutyronitrile was used as the polymerization catalyst.

Example A.

For the production of a hair lacquer (hair setting agent)

one the following solution:

Polymer according to Example 1 8g

Ethyl alcohol q.s.p. 100 g

25 g of this solution are in an aerosol bottle with 45 g liquefied propellant gas "Freon 11" (trichlorofluoromethane) and 30 g of liquefied propellant "Freon 12" (dichloro-difluoromethane) conditioned.

After atomizing this varnish on the hair, the hair is

shiny and not sticky.

. ö - ■■ -. .- -13-

2 0 9 0 2 7/1031

This paint can be completely removed by brushing, and there is no resin residue even after several uses on the hair "

The same result is obtained if the copolymer obtained according to Example 1 is used in the present preparation replaced by one of the copolymers obtained according to Examples 7, 8, 10, 11, 12 or 13.

Example B.

To make a hair lacquer, make the following solution from »

Polymer from Example 2 6.5 g

Perfume 0.2 g

Ethanol q.s.p. 100 g

25 g of this solution are in a 45 g spray bottle Trichloropluoromethane and 30 g dichlorodifluoromethane conditioned.

By atomizing this mixture onto the hair, the hair is well fixed, which remains shiny and pleasant to touch is.

The resin can be removed very easily by lightly brushing.

The same result is obtained if one in the previous

-H-209827/1031

-H-

pending preparation the copolymer obtained according to Example 2 by the copolymers of Examples 3, 4, 5, 6 »9» H, 15 or 16 replaced.

Example C

the following solution is available for hair lacquer

. Polymer according to Example 17 8g

Ethyl alcohol q.ä "p. 100 g

34 g of this solution are conditioned in a spray bottle with 40 g of trichlorofluorine than and 26 g of dichlorodifluoromethane.

After spraying this lacquer onto the hair, it was found that the hair was shiny and not greasy.

This paint can be easily removed by brushing it off.

The same result is obtained if the polymer obtained according to Example 17 is used in the example given above replaced by one of the polymers according to Examples 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 or 24.

Example D

For making a water wave lotion for hair provides

the following preparation can be found:

-15- 209827/1031

Polymer according to Example 1 2 g

Ethyl alcohol "50 g

Water q _o SoPo 10Og

This solution, applied to the hair, provides a non-sticky IiIm that does not dust and is particularly shiny is.

The same result is obtained if the copolymer according to the invention from Example is used in the preceding lotion 1 by one of the examples 3, 4 »5» 6 * 9 »10, 14 »15» 16 and 22 copolymers obtained replaced.

Example E.

To make a water wave lotion, you prepare the

the following preparation:

Polymer from Example 2 1g

Perfume 0.1 g

Isopropanol 20 g

Ethyl alcohol 50 g

Water qsp _e 100 g

This lotion, applied to the hair, provides a glossy film that is non-sticky and easily spreads through Brushes can be removed.

The same result is obtained if, in this example, the copolymer obtained in Example 2 is replaced by one of the

2 0 G 3 2 7/1 0 3 1

obtained in Examples 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 17 »18 and 19 Replaced copolymers.

example ¥

To make a water wave lotion, you need to use the

the following preparation:

Polymer according to Example 20 3g

Ethyl alcohol 70 g

Water q.s.p * 100 g

This solution, applied to hair, provides a very shiny, plastic film and provides water waves from excellent quality.

A similar result is obtained if the copolymer obtained according to Example 20 is used in the preceding preparation replaced by one of the copolymers of Examples 21, 22, 23 or "24.

2Ü9827 / 1031

Copolymer obtained Weight i> ^ -Vinyl pyrrolidone 80
[Methallyl stearate 20 ....— Tabel * lot L. Kata
lyser *
T solvent lot CO
I. Monomers C2J Molar weight.
middle Initially-heaping mistake oh 15y weight Kl) Solution of N-vinylpyrro-
lidon, introduced wikrenc
the polymerization Art Art ι 80
20th 13Y - I »g» UBgimittel 60 Mono
meren 0.22 lot
H vinyl UJ ι 97
3 520000 Art 120 0.7 pyrroli-
Don σ (H-vinyl pyrrolidoi
2 (
(Vinyloetanoate K-vinyl pyrrolidone 85
! Allyl laurate 15 180000 UJ 130 90.7
32.3 0.6 t8J 9827 (N-vinyl pyrrolidoi
3C
(Vinyl stearate (N-vinylpyrrolidone 90
5 (
(Allyl stearate 10 160000 ethyl
acetate 120 109.8
6.2 0.6 38.5 v9J UOJ Μ031 4th (N-vinylpyrrolidone 90
61
(Methallyl stearate 10 150000 ethyl
acetate 130 99.7
26.4 0.8 90.5 Ethyl-
38
acetate 7th 140000 ethyl
acetate 120 106.4
16.2 0.8 51 Ethyl 3}
acetate 100,000 ethyl
acetate 105.3
20.3 39 Ethyl-
50
acetate ORlGlNi ethyl
acetate 90.7
37.6 77 Ethyl-
40
acetate M INSP ethyl
acetate 60 Ethyl **
acetate ^ ethyl
acetate

CD CO EsJ

(D (2) (3) U) (5) (6) (7) (8th) (9) (10) N-vinyl pyrrolidone
Vinyl isostearate 97
3 160000 I-fcayl-
acetate 110 109.8
6.2 0.6 90.5 Ä-fchyl-
acetate 90 N-vinyl pyrrolidone
Oleyl crotonate 95
5 150000 toluene 120 106.4
16.9 0.5 215 toluene 210 N-vinyl pyrrolidone
Laurylallyloxyace- 90
10 140000 Ä-fchyl-
acetate 150 98.6
34 0.7 208 ethyl
acetate 200 N-vinyl pyrrolidone
Lauryl allyl ether 80
20th 80000 toluene 150 89.6
45.2 0.8 91 toluene 90 N-vinyl pyrrolidone
Methallyl lauryl 80
20th 75000 toluene HO 89.6
48 0.8 102 toluene 100

ether

JN vinyl pyrrolidone 80

iMethallyl isopropyl

ätner 20

(N-vinylpyrrolidone 80 14 (Ieopropyl-vinyl-

later 20

[N-vinyl pyrrolidone 97

151

'' Stearyl erotyl ether 3

90,000 toluene

120000 toluene

80,000 toluene

52.6

35
109.8

6.5

0.8 155

0.6

84

0.7 100

Toluene 150

Toluene 80

Toluene 100

(D (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 6th
6th (7) (8th) (9) (10) 16 N-vinyl pyrrolidone
Witches-1 80
20th 30000 ethyl
acetate 240 42,
44, 3 3 136 ethyl
acetate 136 ^ -Vinyl pyrrolidone
[Octadecene-1 95
5 120000 ethyl
acetate 120 105,
15th 6th
5 0.8 182 ethyl
acetate 180 18th JN vinyl pyrrolidone
lEicosen-1 97
3 130000 ethyl
acetate 110 108
8th, 4th
1
1 0.6 163 ethyl
acetate 160 19th
(
20 (
( N-vinyl pyrrolidone
Isopropyl allyl
ether
\ N-vinyl pyrrolidone
Vinyl stearate
Allyl stearate 80
20th
90
2
8th 140000
140000 toluene
ethyl
acetate 100
120 56
42
106
3,
13, 7th .0.6
0.7 112
39 toluene
ethyl
acetate 110
40 (
21 (
( [N-vinyl pyrrolidone
Allyl behenate 80
20th 100,000 ethyl
acetate 130 99
42 0.8 67.5 ethyl
acetate 70 22nd N-vinyl pyrrolidone
Dioctylallylmalonai 80
; 20th 110000 ethyl
acetate 160 92
68 0.9 182 ethyl
acetate 180 23 ( N-vinyl pyrrolidone
Octyl-10-undecenoa1 80
S 20 130000 ethyl
acetate 150 83
73 0.9 210 ethyl
acetate 200 24
ι
N)
O N-vinyl pyrrolidone
St earylallylthio-
acetate 80
20th 120000 ethyl
acetate 160 90
69 0.9 186 ethyl
acetate 180
I.
I.

Claims (2)

- 20 claims ι 1. Cosmetic preparation such as a hair lacquer or a water wave lotion, characterized by the content of a suitable cosmetic carrier with at least a homogeneous copolymer, this from the copolymerization of N-yinyl pyrrolidone with at least a monomer from the following groups » - Esters of saturated acids with unsaturated alcohols, - Esters of unsaturated acids with alcohols, the alcohols containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms, - alkyl alkylene ethers, and - «-olefins originates, these homogeneous copolymers have essentially the same content of at least one of the forming them Monomers and this over the whole. Have length of the chains, the content of monomer or monomers to not more than 2.5 wt. #, of the average content of this monomer or of these monomers, for the entire macromolecular chains and deviates over the entire length of these chains O 2. Preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that the esters of the saturated -21- 2 D i; :.! 7 7/1031 Acids with the unsaturated alcohols the following general Jonael hai) ent R-COO- (GH ₂ ) _n - GH ο CH (I), R «R« where E is a saturated, straight or branched hydrocarbon ^{radical with 7 Ms 21 carbon atoms, R 1} and R ¹¹ independently of one another are a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical and η is 0 or 1 3 «preparation according to claim 1, characterized that the esters of unsaturated acids uad alcohols, the alcohols being 8 to 18 carbon atom habenik, which have the following general formula: j R ₁ -CH-CYR ₂ (II), i
wherein R * u ^ ld R ¹ ^ independently of one another a hydrogen atom or a llethylreet, I ₂ ^der ^ at -COOR * ¹¹ or ÖOOR ·· ¹ -0 O00R »·« iet, where I ^{1M is} a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched hydrocarbon chain with 8 to 18 carbon atoms, Y is a single bond, a hydrocarbon chain with 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a carbon 203827 / 1Ö31 _ΛΒ1 ^, ORIGINAL INSPECTED Is hydrogen chain with 1 to 8 carbon atoms in which the carbon atoms by divalent heteroatoms or hetero groups, namely -0- and / or -S- are interrupted. 4. Preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that that the alkyl-alkylene ethers have the following general formula CH = 0 - (OH ₉ V - 0 - R, (III) Il d. LL 7th RR ^r where R and R * independently of one another are hydrogen or -OH, R ^ is a straight or branched alkyl radical with 3 to 18 carbon atoms, the carbon chain optionally being replaced by divalent heteroatoms, namely -0- and / or -S-, is interrupted, the carbon chain also on the carbon in ß-position to the heteroatom can be substituted by an OH group 5. Preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that that the α-olefins have the general formula OH ₂ - CH - R ₄ (IV) wherein A _{4 is} a straight alkyl radical having 4 to 18 carbon atoms. 209827/1031 -23-ORIGfNAL INSPECTED 6 _β preparation according to claim. 2, thereby. characterized in that the esters of the saturated acids with unsaturated alcohols of the formula (i) are vinyl octanoate, vinyl laurate, vinyl palmitate, vinyl stearate, vinyl isostearate, allyl laurate, methallyl laurate, allyl stearate, methallyl stearate, methallyl isostearate and methallyl isostearate, allyl behenate and allylbehenate. 7 β preparation according to claim 3 »characterized that the esters of formula (II) of unsaturated acids and alcohols having 8 to 18 carbon atoms Oleyl crotonate, iauryl vinyl acetate, stearyl allyl acetate, Laurylallyloxy Acetate, Laurylallylthio Acetate, Laurylallylamino Acetate, Are dioctyl allyl malonate and / or octyl undecylenate. 8. Preparation according to claim 4 »characterized in that that the alkyl-alkylene ethers of the formula (III) cetyl vinyl ether, stearyl vinyl ether, octadecyl vinyl ether, Lauryl allyl ether, lauryl methallyl ether, 1-allyloxy-3-dodecylthio-2-propanol, 1-Allyloxy-3-dodecyloxy-2-propanol and / or stearyl crotyl ether are » 9 ο preparation according to claim 5> marked thereby It is known that the α-olefins of the formula (IV) hexene-1, octene-1, dodecene-1, hexadecene-1, octadecene-1 and / or eicosen-1. -24- 2 nights 9 3 2 7/1 0 3 1 10. Preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that that the proportion of N-vinyl pyrrolidone is $ 70 to $ 98 and preferably $ 80 to 97. 11. Cosmetic preparation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is homogeneous as an alcoholic solution of 1 to 4 i °
Copolymer mixed with a liquefied propellant gas P is under pressure in a spray container. 12. Preparation according to claim 11, characterized in that it consists of 25 to 33 parts by weight anhydrous, aliphatic alcohol and 66 to 75 parts by weight liquefied propellant gas or propellant gas mixture is formed 13. Preparation according to claim 12, characterized that the anhydrous, aliphatic alcohol is ethanol or isopropanol. H. Preparation according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it has a
Water wave lotion is formed by an aqueous alcoholic solution with 1 to 3 i ° homogeneous copolymer
is. 15. Preparation according to claim 14, characterized in that the aqueous alcoholic
Solution contains 20 to 70 </ ό alcohol. Oö ^ / mixed polymer with essentially the same content of at least one of the monomers forming it over the entire length of the macromolecular chain, the content based on monomer or monomers by not more than 2.5 5 ^ » on the average content of this monomer or these monomers and this over the entire length of the macromolecular Chain, varies, characterized in that this copolymer consists of the copolymerization of H-vinyl pyrrolidone with at least is derived from a monomer from the following groups: (a) Esters of saturated acids with unsaturated alcohols of the following general formula: R-GOO- (CH ₂ ) _n - GH = CH (I), H ¹ R " where R is a saturated, straight or branched hydrocarbon radical with 7 to 21 carbon atoms, R ¹ and R "are independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical and η is 0 or 1, (b) Esters of unsaturated acids with alcohols, the alcohols having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, of the following general formula: R ₁ - CH = C - Y - R ₀ (II), -26- 209827/1031 wherein the radicals E ₁ and E ¹ ^ are independently hydrogen or a methyl radical, R _{2 is} the Eest -COOR ¹¹¹ or GOOR ¹ ' ¹ COOR ¹ »» where R ^{11 is} a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched hydrocarbon chain with 8 Ms 18 carbon atoms, Y is a single bond, a hydrocarbon chain with 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a hydrocarbon chain with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, which is formed by divalent heteroatoms or Hetero groups, namely -Q- and / or -S-, are interrupted, (c) alkyl-alkylene ethers of the following formula: CH = C - (CH ₀ ) - 0 - R, (III), ti cu 3 Ϊ RR ' where R and R 'independently of one another are hydrogen or -CE, R, a straight or branched alkyl radical with 3 to 18 carbon atoms and whose carbon chain is optionally by divalent heteroatoms, namely -0- and / or -S-, is interrupted, the carbon chain also above the carbon in the ß-position may be substituted for the hetero atom by an OH group, and -27- 209827/1031 - 27 · (d) α-olefins of the following general formula OH ₂ = CH - R ₄ (IV), wherein R. is a straight alkyl radical having 4 to 18 carbon atoms 17 · Copolymer according to claim 16, characterized in that it by the copolymerization of N-vinyl pyrrolidone and at least one Monomer, namely vinyl octanoate, vinyl laurate, vinyl palmitate, vinyl stearate, vinyl isostearate, allyl laurate, methallyl laurate, Allyl stearate, methallyl stearate, allyl isostearate, methallyl isostearate, allyl behenate, methallyl behenate, orotyl laurate, Oleyl crotonate, lauryl vinyl acetate, stearyl allyl acetate, Laurylallyloxy Acetate, Laurylallylthio Acetate, Laurylallylamino Acetate, Dioctyl allyl malonate, octyl undecylenate, cetyl vinyl ether, Stearyl vinyl ether, octadecyl vinyl ether, lauryl allyl ether, Lauryl methallyl ether, i-allyloxy-3-dodecylthio-2-propanol, 1-allyloxy-3-dodecyloxy-2-propanol, stearyl crotyl ether, Hexene-1, octene-1, dodecene-1, hexadecene-1, Octadecene-1 and / or eicosen-1. 18. Copolymer according to one of claims 16 and 17 » characterized in that its average molecular weight is between about 20,000 and 600,000 lay 19. Copolymer according to one of claims 16 to 18,
characterized in that the proportion of K-vinyl pyrrolidone is 70 to 98 Jo and preferably 80 to 97 Io c 1 l) 3 1 BATH ORIGINAL