DE2155251A1 - DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING NEEDLE PIVOTS - Google Patents

Description

PATENT Attorney DIPL.-ING. ULRICH KINKELIN 2155251 7032 Sindelfingen -Auf demQldberg- Weimarer Str. 32/34 - Telephone 07031/86501

11 178

Company Ing.Josef Schwarzer, special company for knitting and Hosiery Industry, 7312 Kirchheim, Boßlerstrasse 33

DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING NEEDLE PUSHTERS

The invention relates to a device for controlling needle pushers for knitting tools of knitwear producing machines, with grooves in the needle bed, in which both the knitting tools and the needle pusher are guided to and fro movably, a die Grooves covering cover part, which also includes the knitting tool lock and the needle jack lock has, with pivot bearings for the needle pusher, with a needle pusher foot on the needle pusher, which in one pivot position of the needle pusher in the needle pusher lock engages and does not engage in the other pivot position, with a side of the the lower magnetizable part of the needle pusher and acting on it, Electromagnet that can be excited according to the pattern and with one arranged below it, a constant one generating a magnetic field, guiding the needle pusher on a certain path Magnets.

Such a device is known from US Pat. No. 3,283,541, Figs. 6 and 7

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The needle pusher can basically only be split into two with this device Bring positions, whereas three positions are the usual, namely the rest position, the catch position and the knitting position. In the known device you can use the knitting tool, E.g. a knitting needle, always only bring it in two of these three positions,

In the known device, the lower areas of the needle jack against the one Pole face of a U-Permanent can be brought η et en. This pre-alignment happens by a guardrail against which the lower areas of the needle pusher initially collide. This creates friction and vibrations that are initially caused by nothing be dampened. Thereupon the lower areas of the needle pusher collide against a special one Polished pole face. This new impact in turn creates friction and vibrations. The vibrations mean that the lower areas are initially against fly the pole face, then spring away from it with a certain amplitude, be attracted again, fly away again with a smaller amplitude, etc. There Magnetic forces decrease with the third power of the distance, the attraction force of the Permanent magnets are large »The large attraction force in turn requires that the permanent magnet must be electrically excited, d. h "must have a winding" This does not lead only to constant power consumption but also to a loss of space. It is not possible, to generate the high forces by known ferrite magnets that do not require any energy supply.

Since the lower areas of the needle lifters are definitely on one of the two pole shoe surfaces must be applied, the pole shoe surfaces are subject to high abrasion. It is quite

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possible that the bodies involved get warm because of the friction and thereby their magnetic Change properties or even lose them for practical purposes. Furthermore is known that the magnetic properties are lost due to high-frequency mechanical impacts can go. The use of a space-saving bar magnet is fundamentally excluded. The two poles 15 and 16 exert a resultant force on the pusher 10, which is different depending on the creation of the joint. At the narrowest point is that from pole 16 Strength at its greatest. If the electromagnet 6 is excited, then it can only attract the pusher with the force difference and not with its full force. There is only the difference in force is available, and also friction has to be overcome, is the maximum Dialing frequency relatively low. In addition, there must be an air gap, because otherwise the pushers resting on the pole shoe 16 would be when the electromagnet 6 is not energized only due to random occurrences along the pole piece surface 16 or pole piece surface 15 slide.

In addition, the holding force is disadvantageously greatest at the narrowest point and decreases the more the pusher moves away from the narrowest point. However, it would be cheaper if the situation were the other way around.

If the U-electromagnet, excited according to the pattern, has attracted a needle, it will be through the lower part of the needle pusher shorted the field of the electromagnet. A the following needle pusher, which is supposed to turn deflected in the same direction, finds no longer the same field conditions as its predecessor and you could do this Only compensate for the deficiency by always keeping the magnet, which can be excited according to the pattern

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then controls it with a higher current when the following needle pusher is also attracted must become. However, this would complicate the electrical circuit.

Since the needle lifters 1Ö have a rectangular cross-section, you can choose theirs The assumed position is practically impossible to lock mechanically, because it is with its flat side hit the junction for locking and thus cause great mechanical damage could.

The object of the invention is to provide a device that includes all of the above Avoids disadvantages and still has a three-position selection of the knitting tool The smallest space requirement and it is largely up to the designer whether he use cheap and small ferrite magnets or more complex electromagnets must if he wants to generate a constant field.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the needle pusher accordingly

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three positions of the knitting tool can be brought into different positions that he through the two-part needle jack in three different heights it can be brought about that a guide channel is provided for the lower region of the needle pusher which is a little wider than this area, is a steady, essentially straight course and in a magnet space that widens in the direction of movement of the needle jack opens that immediately after the confluence and on both sides of the pole shoe surfaces A first and a second electromagnet which can be excited according to the pattern are each provided are that these electromagnets are followed by a further third and fourth magnet, that these magnets have a symmetrical, constant one with respect to the central surface of the guide channel Generate magnetic field that a fifth magnet is provided below the lower area of the needle pusher, which also generates a symmetrical field with respect to the central surface of the guide channel, that a three-channel path divider on the magnet space follows, whose middle channel forms the straight continuation of the guide channel, and its begin on both sides of the central canal, forming an arc and after the path divider they reunite with the central channel and that, seen from above, the fifth magnet in the connecting line between the guide channel and the middle channel.

Further advantages and features of the invention emerge from the following description preferred embodiments. In the drawing show:

1 shows a radial section through a needle cylinder and the adjacent ones

Areas of a circular knitting machine,
FIG. 2 shows a section along the line 2-2 in FIG. 1,

Fig. 3 is a section along the line 3-3 in Fig. 2,

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Fig. 4 is a section along the line 4-4 in Fig. 1,

it is expressly pointed out that Fig. 4 is a representation on a scale of 2: 1,
Fig. 5 is a section along the line 5-5 in Fig. 4 with a certain position

of the needle pusher,

6 shows a section similar to FIG. 5 with a second position of the needle pusher,

FIG _o 7 is a section similar to FIG. 5 with a third position of the Nadelstößers,

8 shows an enlarged illustration of a needle pusher in side view in the raised position,
9 shows a schematic plan view of a modified magnet arrangement.

A circular knitting machine has a needle cylinder 11, in the outer jacket of which axially grooves 12 are cut, in which longitudinally displaceable knitting needles 13 are guided. Among other things, a radial ring 14 inserted in a circumferential groove prevents the knitting needles from falling out. As is known, the needle cylinder 11 is driven by means not shown. A lock jacket 16 is provided fixed to the frame and has locks 17 on its side opposite the needle cylinder 11. As is known, each lock has three channels 18, 19 and 21 corresponding to the positions "rod", "knitting" and "rest" _o A foot 22 is provided on each knitting needle 13. Depending on which of the channels 18, 19, 21 the foot 22 reaches, knits the needle, catches it or it remains at rest. If the knitting needle 13 is raised, it is crucial according to FIG.

In the grooves 12 below the knitting needles 13 there is also the upper area of needle jacks

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23 led. A needle pusher 23 belongs to each knitting needle 13. This represents the control element for the knitting needles 13, so only brings the control force to the knitting needle to raise. So you can make the needle pusher 23 much lighter and finer

than the knitting needles 13. Each needle pusher has a foot 24 at the top, which goes into the same Direction looks like the foot 22. For the feet 24 is a lock jacket 16 fixed to the frame also frame-fixed needle plunger lock 26 is provided. Of course these are locks provided as many times as needed within 360. A needle jack lock 26 comprises in a suitable manner with the associated lock 17 an upper stop fl surface 27, which has a horizontal area 28, a gently rising area 29,

a horizontal area 31 and a steeply sloping area 32 comprises, as d

Fig. 2 shows. The stop surface 27 represents the upper limit for the feet 24.

Below with screws 33, 34 are on the lock jacket 16 two diamond-shaped cams 37, 36 screwed tight. Their upper and lower boundary surfaces are aligned and horizontal. The upper boundary surfaces 38 together with the area 31 form one horizontal channel. The front of the cam 36 forms an upwardly sloping one first lifting surface 39 for the foot 24 and the cam 37 has a corresponding lifting surface 41. As can be seen from Fig. 3, the cam 37 is higher than the cam 36, so that the lifting surface 41 protrudes further than the lifting surface 39.

For the foot 24 this means that he does not pull the needle pusher 23 upwards when he is pivoted completely into the groove 12, which corresponds to the position according to FIG. Has the needle pusher 23 reaches a position according to FIG. 1, which also corresponds to FIG. 6 the foot 24 on the lifting surface 41, which means that the needle pusher 23 to a later Point in time is raised and also at a later point in time the knitting needle 13

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raises, which thereby enters the channel 19. The upper part of the knitting needle 13 makes therefore a movement according to the dashed line 42 in FIG. 2.

Finally, if the needle pusher 23 is pivoted with its foot 24 all the way to the left as shown in FIG. which corresponds to a position according to FIG. 5, the foot 24 reaches the lifting surface 39, the needle pusher 23 is raised much earlier and pushes the knitting needle 13 correspondingly earlier upwards, whereby it gets into the channel 18 and itself moved above along line 43.

^ A bend 44 of the needle pusher 23 is used as a pivot bearing, which according to Flg. 'can be bent out to the right, U-shaped and flattened. From this area upwards, the entire needle pusher 23 is pressed flat, hardened and so adapts better to the shape of the groove 12 _o The bend 4: 4 rests on the outer edge of a support plate 46 which is screwed from below against the needle cylinder 11 and the grooves 12 partially closes from below. In front of the lower area of the grooves 12 and at the level of the bend, a ring 47 is also provided (FIG. 8), which represents a limitation towards the outside and runs around with the needle cylinder 11. As can be clearly seen in particular in FIG. 8, the grooves 12 are open sufficiently far below and the needle pusher 23 are nevertheless

sufficiently safely stored. The formation of the bend 44 according to FIG. 8 in the form of a S is preferable to the training according to FIG. 1, because if you are involved in the production of Round material goes out and the bend 44 forms as an S-bend, then one obtains after the flattening has a shape which, in the essential areas, strongly differs from that in FIG. 8 circle 48 drawn in dashed lines approximates. As a result, the needle lifters 23 do not become lowered or raised just by tilting, whatever occurs when

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the turns are only directed to one side. The round material that started from has a diameter of about 0.8 - 1 mm. FIG. 8 shows the needle pusher 23 in a raised but not pivoted position similar to FIG. 6.

The lock jacket 16 is screwed to a solid ring 49 which is fixed to the frame and has a right-angled recess 51 on the inside and above. The device for controlling the needle pusher 23 is provided in this recess 51. This includes a support ring 52, which is covered from above by cover plates 53, 54, which leave a sufficiently large slot 56 between them so that the area of the needle pusher 23 located under the bend 44 has enough space for pivoting. A guide channel 57 is incorporated in the carrier ring, which straightly guides the lower areas of the needle pusher 23 with little play. Of course, this guide channel 57 is not "straight" in circular knitting machines, but rather is curved in accordance with the diameter of the needle cylinder 11. Since, even at high speeds and small radii of the needle cylinders, the needle pushers 23 move quasi linearly for the solution of the present problem, such curvatures have not been discussed in the drawing. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the guide channel 57 ends at 58 at an obtuse angle and merges into a bulge 59, 61 on both of its sides. The magnets to be discussed later are located in the bulges 59, 61. They go into a path divider 62, the middle channel 63 of which forms the continuation of the guide channel 57. The central channel 63 has front, a funnel 64, which FIG. Is formed, however, only weak and sharp at its front edge 66 tapers funnel. The channel 63 is just as wide as the guide channel 57, unless it is the funnel areas. To the right and left of the channel 63, side channels 67, 68 are provided which open into the bulges 59, 61 on both sides of the funnel edge 66. the

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Side channels 67, 68 are arcuate. In the drawing, these arcs are approximated by straight pieces, of which the first piece leads the lower regions of the needle lifters 23 linearly away from the channel 63, the second piece parallel to the channel 63 and the third piece again to the rear end of the channel 63. Of course, the side channels 67, 68 can be more curved. However, a straight piece must be present insofar as the foot 24 is connected to the lifting surfaces 39, 41. The walls 69, 71 of the side channels 67, 68 in turn form a common funnel also for the channel 63, so that the lower regions of the needle pusher 23 can be continued in a further guide channel 72. A central surface 73 is defined by the guide channel 57 and the channel 63 (FIG. 4). Two electromagnets 74, 76 which can be excited according to the pattern are provided symmetrically to it, the yokes 77, 78 of which are bent in a U-shape and carry windings 79, 81. The current flowing through these windings 79, 81 when activated has a rectangular shape and is a primary current. The best results were achieved with primary current controls. Of course, it is only technically possible to a certain extent to generate an ideal original stream. The results with regard to the control frequency with primary voltage are not so good. The electromagnets 74, 76 could also be bar magnets against which a magnetizable object is applied with greater force than in the case of a k U magnet. With a U-magnet, however, you have the advantage that you are in a certain

Distance has a greater attraction force available than with a bar magnet.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, the electromagnets 74, 76 are inclined by approximately 60 against the direction of travel 82. The pole shoe faces 83, 84 are symmetrical to the central face 73 and perpendicular to the yoke 77, 78. The pole shoe faces 83, 84 begin according to FIG.

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on the one hand are sufficiently close and on the other hand are sufficiently far away to prevent the needle pusher 23 from hitting the pole shoe surfaces 83, 84 during normal operation. The pole shoe surfaces 83, 84 are also approximately parallel to the trajectory of the lower area of the needle pusher 23 ". Of course, all parts, with the exception of the yokes 77, 78 and the lower areas of the needle pusher 23, are α-magnetic, so that the magnetic field does not pass through them is weakened.

According to FIG. 4, the electromagnets 74, 76 are at the same height, so that in the longitudinal direction a minimum of space is required. If these electromagnets 74, 76 were in the longitudinal direction offset, the space requirement would be considerably larger. The same also applies to the following permanent magnets 86, 87 "

In order, on the one hand, to be able to better adapt the pole shoe surfaces 83, 84 to the flight direction of the needle pusher 23 and, on the other hand, to relocate the windings 79 , 81, which require space, to a less disruptive point, the yokes 77, 78 in front of the pole shoe surfaces 83, can also be used as shown in FIG. 84 provided with a kink 88.

According to FIGS. 2 and 4, the permanent magnets 86, 87 are provided with a winding and designed as U-magnets. They are inclined with their yokes 89, 91 in the direction of travel 82 by 110 °. Your permanent magnetic field is symmetrical with respect to the central surface 73, so that the field strengths cancel each other out there. Their pole shoe surfaces 92, 93 run approximately parallel to the central surface 73 and are at a greater distance from it than the pole shoe surfaces 83, 84. A magnetic space is thus defined between these four pole shoe surfaces, which is practically formed by the bits 94, 96 pointing to the yokes 77, 78 is completed.

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A.

The side channels 67, 68 begin directly after the pole shoe surfaces 92, 93.

Instead of the permanent magnets 86, 87, plate-shaped ferrite magnets can also be used, which act like bar magnets and are arranged in steps so that they reproduce the trajectory even better. The magnetic screen 100 is also drawn in in FIG. 9 and the plastic film 98 can also be seen. This plastic film 98 not only protects the pole shoe surfaces and reduces the friction in the event that a needle pusher hits it. Rather, the plastic film 98 also serves to always keep a certain minimum distance between the pole shoe surfaces and the needle pusher 23 so that the latter can never completely short-circuit the magnetic field.

Two magnets 101, 102 are also provided on the floor of the magnet chamber 99, both of which are designed as bar magnets. The magnet 101 carries a winding 103 and is located directly below the electromagnets 74, 76, as seen in FIG. 2. The magnet 102 is a permanent magnet and has a beard 104 drawn to the left. The magnets

101, 102 are located below the lower end of the needle pusher 23, as shown in FIG. 1 clearly shows, so do not enclose it sideways. Immediately on the magnets 101,

102 follows the middle channel 63 of the path divider 62. Instead of the magnets 101, 102 one can also use a ferrite permanent magnet, which is composed of individual magnetic plates can be.

The device works essentially as follows; If none of the electromagnets 74, controlled, the lower area of the needle pusher 23 has no reason to To change the direction of flight through the magnet chamber 99 and enter the central channel 63.

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In this flight direction it is additionally stabilized by the magnets 101, 102. Because The permanent magnets 86, 87 have no influence on the symmetry of the arrangement. Man can thereby actively stabilize the flight of the lower areas of the needle pusher 23 by a current is passed through the winding 103 at the appropriate moment. The stabilization however, ferrite magnets are completely sufficient. Corresponding to the middle position of the needle pusher 23, the knitting needle 13 moves along the line 42.

If the electromagnet 74 or 76 is excited, the symmetry of the fields in the magnet space 99 is disturbed and, depending on the case, the lower area of the needle pusher 23 flies towards the pole shoe surface 83 or 84. After passing these pole shoe surfaces 83, 84, the permanent magnets 86, 87 increase the tendency to deflect, so that the lower regions of the needle pusher 23 either enter the side channel 67 or 68. The knitting needle 13 is then activated accordingly.

In the exemplary embodiment, the deflection of the needle pusher 23 is in the region of the Foot 24 a distance of 3/10 mm. When controlled with 1 ampere current, a speed of 18 rpm, a needle cylinder diameter of 28 "English and with 18-22 needles per inch the invention works satisfactorily. The needle pusher 23 weigh about 1/4 gram. Dial frequencies of about 1 kHz can be achieved.

If you only have to control the knitting needle 13 in two positions, you can do without just on the third possibility of control. The permanent magnets 101 are then left,

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gone, as well as channel 63 and then also has the same results with this version as with the three-channel version.

It would be possible to generate the original current for the electric magnifiers 76, 74 according to the speed of the needle cylinder 11, so that at a higher speed also a higher original flow is available. For example, one could use the current of a tachometer generator for this purpose. However, it is easier and saves extra effort when you have the highest needed Uses electricity and at lower speeds accepts that the glacial current shouldn't have to be so high in itself.

Instead of using the plastic film 98, it has turned out to be even cheaper if you put a very narrow strip of hardened metal and put it between the pole faces of the electromagnets 76 and the permanent magnets 87 running horizontally arranges. If one arranges this strip in the middle, so he has practically on the magnetic field has no influence and can still do its job. This narrow strip has that same task as the plastic film 98 and prevents the needle oil pusher 23 on impact the pole faces and magnetically short-circuit the magnets.

An increase in the dialing frequency could still be achieved by using instead of the Electromagnets 74, 76 of which several are used, which carry their own windings and are staggered in the direction of travel 82. You then have to use every single electromagnet for control each other, essentially at the speed at which the needle pusher 23 fly. The successive activation can be done e.g. by means of a shift register realize whose individual members assume the state necessary for the control at the speed at which the needle pusher 23 also flies.

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Claims (1)

Patent claims: Device for controlling needle jacks for knitting tools for knitted fabrics generating machines, with grooves in the needle bed, in which both the knitting tools and the needle jacks are guided so that they can move back and forth, a cover part which covers the grooves and which also houses the knitting tool lock and the needle jack lock, with pivot bearings for the needle jack, with a needle jack foot on the needle jack, which is in one pivot position of the needle pusher engages in the needle pusher lock and which does not intervene in the other pivot position, with a magnetizable to the side of the lower one Part of the needle pusher arranged and acting on it, according to the pattern ( excitable electromagnet and with a magnet arranged underneath, generating a constant magnetic field and guiding the needle pusher on a certain path, characterized in that the pusher pusher (23) can be brought into different positions corresponding to three positions of the knitting tool (13) so that it can pass through the two parts (36, 37) having needle pusher lock (20) can be brought into three different heights that a guide channel (57) is provided for the lower area of the needle pusher (23), which is slightly wider than this area, steady, essentially straight course has g and into a magnet space widening in the direction of movement of the needle lifters (23) (99) opens that immediately after the confluence and on both sides of the pole shoe surfaces (83, 84) each a first excitable according to the pattern and second electromagnets (74, 76) are provided that these electromagnets (74, 76) a further third and fourth magnet (86, 87) follows that these magnets (86, 87) have a relative to the central surface (73) of the 309819/0603 · ■;. * ·, 4L I Ό O ί. OI ti a ι Guide channel (57) generate symmetrical, constant magnetic field that a fifth magnet (101, 102) is provided below the lower region of the needle pusher (23), which also generates a field symmetrical with respect to the central surface (73) of the guide channel (57) that A three-channel path divider (62) follows the magnet space (99) , the middle channel (63) of which forms the straight continuation of the guide channel ( 57) , and the two side channels (67, 68) of which form an arc on both sides of the middle channel ( 63) begin and after the path divider (62) reunite with the central channel (63) and that seen from above the fifth magnet (101, 102) in the connecting line between the guide channel (57) and the central channel (63) lies. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the third and fourth magnets (86, 87) are permanent magnets. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the fifth magnet is a permanent magnet (102) with an upstream electromagnet (101). ^ 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second magnets (74, 76) are U-magnets, the pole faces (83, 84) of which are aligned with the longitudinal direction of the needle pusher (23). 5. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the third and 309S19 / 06Q3 fourth magnets (86, 87) are bar magnets whose pole faces (92, 93) with align with the longitudinal direction of the needle pusher (23). 6. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the fifth magnet (101, 102) a rod-shaped electromagnet (101) and a rod-shaped permanent magnet (102) includes. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second magnet (74, 76) is inclined against the direction of travel (82) of the needle pusher (23). 8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the inclination 30-80, preferably about 60 « 9. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the second and third Magnet (86, 87) is inclined in the direction of travel (82) of the needle pusher (23). 10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the inclination 100-130 °, preferably 110 °. "Device according to claim 1 and 9, characterized in that the PoI- shoe surface (83, 84) of the first and second magnets (74, 76) is cut perpendicular to the yoke (77, 78). 309819/0603 12. Apparatus according to claim 1 and 11, characterized in that the pole piece surface (92, 93) of the third and fourth magnets (86, 87) approximately corresponding to the trajectory of the deflected lower areas of the needle pusher (23) is cut and with a beard (94, 96) adjacent to the first and second Magnets (74, 76) points out. 13. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second electromagnets (74, 76 ) closely follow the third and fourth magnets (86, 87). between 14. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second electromagnet (74, 76) and the subsequent third and fourth Magnets (86, 87) a magnetic screen (98) is provided. 15. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pole faces the third and fourth magnets are covered with a plastic film (98). 16. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second electromagnets (74, 76) are controlled with primary current. 17. The device according to claim 16, characterized in that the glacial stream of the order of 1 A. the 18. Apparatus according to claim 16 and 17, characterized in that for the 309819/0603 Urstrom required the highest working speed is also used at lower working speeds. 19. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the central channel (63) is funnel-shaped and the outer edge (66) of the funnel (64) is pointed. 20. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the needle pusher (23) has its foot (24) at the upper end, . Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the needle pusher (23) an S-shaped bent flat pinched, roughly in overall outline circular area (44) which forms part of the pivot bearing and is hardened. 22. Apparatus according to claim 1 and 21, characterized in that the needle pusher (23) is squeezed flat and hardened from the circular area up to the foot (24). 23. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that corresponding ^ two positions of the knitting tool (13) the middle channel (63) and the fifth magnet (101, 102) is missing. 309819/0603