DE2148679A1 - Method and device for producing tiles - Google Patents

Description

DR. MÜLLER-BOR ^ DIPL-PHYS. DR. MTANITZ DIPL.-CHEM. DR. DEUFEL DIPL-ING. FINSTERWALD DlPJU-ING. GRAMKOW

2A SEP.

Hl / IT - D 1277

DTOfLOP HOLDIlTGrS LWLlTEi) Dunlop House, Ryder. Street, St. James's, London

EIKxIiOB

Method and device for producing tiles

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing tiles and relates to in particular a process in which patterned tiles are produced in arch form and the individual tiles then cut from the sheet, and an apparatus for performing the process.

When cutting tiles from a sheet material there are considerable difficulties when a regular, Repetitive pattern unity is desirable in place of a homogeneous overall pattern, in particular when continuous or semi-continuous production is desired. The main difficulties consist of a precise alignment of the

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Dr Müller-8or * Dr. Minllz Dr. Deufel Dipl.-Ing. Fintterwald Dlpl.-Infl. Grimkov Br «un« chw6. _B. Am BOrgerp «rlc 8 β Mönchen 22, Robert-Koch-StreS.1 7 Stuttfl« rt-B «d Cinntrtlt. MarktttraB Telephone (0531) 738S7 Telephone (0811) 2938 «, Telex 5-22080 mbpat Telephone (0711) 587281

flank- / e »tr» lkec «· Bayer. Volkiüanl <»n, Munich, account no. 8822 Poettcri ** Munich 85495

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String! (! Device with the repeating pattern units to ensure and to synchronize the cutting operation with the speed of sheet production, for example the calender line or Kaianderstrasse. One way to overcome the first difficulty is to hold the bow during the Mark the patterning step with a repetitive marker that is found on the cutting press can be. This can be achieved, for example, by means of photoelectric detectors. However fe the arch is usually at an elevated temperature manufactured and cooled as it passes along the manufacturing line. Considerable thermal shrinkage can occur after patterning but before cutting. This shrinkage a along with the movements when manufacturing or processing and handling means that the distance between successive repeating marks is not accurate or does not represent a constant value.

Due to the inertia effects of the moving sheet and the cutting press settings are limited in relation to W the positioning of the tile pattern relative to the Sdaeidpresse in sensitivity and slow in their response. As a result, a percentage of the tiles being cut will not be in alignment with the pattern, reducing the efficiency and economy of production.

This method also requires a control at the cutting press both in the direction of the sheet

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To be arranged in the course as well as in the transverse direction. Furthermore is not a facility for recruiting between tiles that "on one stroke of a multi-chamber cutting press be cut, available.

The aim of the invention is to create a method that overcomes the above difficulties and enables densely patterned tiles .economically and to manufacture precisely from a sheet material.

For this purpose, according to the invention, a method for producing tiles, in which a design in the Form of individual tile patterns is applied to a sheet of the desired material, provided, at the indentation lines in the arc between the individual tile patterns are executed and thereby tile blanks are defined with dimensions that are larger than the desired finished tiles, the tile blanks broken from the arch along the indentation lines and the tiles from their corresponding Hollow rings are cut. (The individual tile patterns may differ from one another, however, they are suitably all the same.)

In one embodiment, the indentations are in the form of a network of lines - that is, the surrounds individual tiles. It is possible, but not essential, that this network indentation will affect the tiles, which are located on each edge of the sheet, completely surrounds. As the impression one. Means of breaking of the arch in individual tile blanks, it is not necessary to use the outside of the outer Press in the row of tiles along each edge of the arch.

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However, it may be more appropriate in certain circumstances be able to do this.

The indentation lines can, for example, be in a. Distance of about 1 cm to 2.5 cm (1/2 to 1 inen) outside the edge of the desired tile will. Thus, the gap between the individual tile patterns on the sheet can in this case between be about 2 and 5 cm (1 inch to 2 inches).

To apply or execute the pattern on the sheet to define the tiles, can any suitable facility can be used. For example, the pattern can be a pressed or embossed one Design or a design printed with color. A combination of these can also be used, if desired to be two.

The indentation lines to delimit the tile blanks can be applied to the sheet at any suitable stage in the process. For example can they be applied in the same stage, in which the tile pattern is executed. If the pattern is a press pattern or an emboss pattern, can this suitably onto the sheet by means of a roller are applied and the tile blank indentation can be applied by suitable protrusions on the same roller. In an alternative embodiment a separate roller can be used to make the impressions; this is suitable arranged between the sampling stage and the stage, in which the arch is broken into the individual tile blanks. If a separate indentation stage

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"is used, it is necessary to use the two levels, i.e. to synchronize patterning and indentation in order to produce satisfactory hollow articles to ensure. In another embodiment, the sheet is sandwiched between a pair of rollers one of which is a pattern on a surface of the arch and the other is the tile blank indentations on the other face of the arch.

Furthermore, according to the invention, there is a device for producing tiles with a patterning roller for executing ./individual tile designs on the surface of the sheet material provided with an impression roller, the protrusions to form a ' has compression lines around the tile designs, with means for contacting the sheet material with the rollers, and with a device for breaking the sheet along the indentation lines. Any mechanical equivalents of the muscling and indenting rollers can be used. The establishment Any known conveyor system for guiding the sheet material can be used.

The tile blank indentations should penetrate the surface of the arch sufficiently deep to allow afterwards a breaking of the thus defined tile blanks from which To enable arches in a satisfactory manner. If the tile pattern includes an embossment, it is required that the tile blank impressions are deeper or sharper than the valleys of the embossing to ensure that breakage only occurs along the lines of the tile blank indentations.

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By using continuous indentation * ^ lines or recesses and the indentation of suitably shaped recesses, for example V-shaped In addition, recesses ensure that breaking only takes place at the desired locations.

The invention is particularly in the manufacture of tiles from thermoplastic synthetic resin mixtures applicable; for example in the case of mixtures based on polymers of polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate, Vinyl chloride-propylene and vinyl chloride-vinyl ether are based. Such tiles are very special Suitable for use as a floor covering, but they can also be used for covering or covering used by walls or other surfaces.

As stated above, the sheet used is usually at an elevated temperature at least during the first stages of the process. As a result, the bow is preferred if it is still is required to be cooled before breaking the arch into the tile blanks. Breaking can go through any suitable device, for example by a ί mechanical bending device.

It is not necessary to have any of the tile blanks includes only a single tile. Thus, in an alternative embodiment, the indentation lines carried out by a protrusion that runs only in the transverse direction or the longitudinal direction of the arch so that the blanks produced in this way are 2, 3 or more tiles depending, for example

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embrace the width of the arch. With another Embodiment can use consecutive pairs of Cross indentations between them one, two, three or comprise more rows of tiles and these may or may not have longitudinal indentations.

The broken from the sheet .Rohlinge are then processed individually or to obtain cut or cut y about the desired finished tiles. This can be done thinly by any suitable means, for example by symmetrically placing the blanks in a cutting press.

The invention is described below with reference to the drawing for example described; in this shows:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a portion of arch

material in which the surface is shown .-. is on which the individual tile designs and indentation lines delimiting the tile blanks have been made,

Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of an apparatus in which the tile patterns and the indentation lines can be produced at the same time,

a modification of the device of FIGS

Figure 4 is a schematic view of a further alternative device; in which the tile pattern. and the indentation lines in separate stages

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to be carried out »

According to Fig. 1 is on the surface of a plate or of an arch IO a series of tiles 11, whereby each tile or tile is marked by a printed or pressed or embossed cough 12 is defined. Each tile 11 is marked by indentation lines ("indentation lines") 13, whereby the tile blank to be broken by the arch is defined. The individual tiles blanks can, if they are broken from the arch, reworked to the exact dimensions of each tile 11 or cut to size. In Fig. 2 is a Embodiment of a device shown in which the tile pattern and the indentation lines are applied at the same time. An arch 18 becomes. passed through the clamping area between a pair of rollers 16 and 17. The roller 17 has a discontinuous embossed surface 15 in the mold a relief pattern that corresponds to the desired tile pattern. By touching the Surface 15 will have an embossed pattern on the surface of the arc 18 is formed. The roller 14 also has a number of transverse projections 16, which run across their surface and between the formative ones Surface parts 15 arranged at a distance are. These projections form indentation lines in the sheet 18 when it passes through the clamping area runs, these indentations on the arch defining a series of tile blanks, the one Contains series of individual tile patterns.

In Fig. 3 is a modified embodiment of the

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Device shown in which the tile pattern still by means of the relief surface 15 on the roller 14 are applied, but the indentations are now provided by projections 16, the on the other orphan 17 are arranged *. Be like that in this case the tile pattern and the impressions on opposite surfaces of the arch upset. . ·

In Fig. 4 a typical device is shown which can be used, if desired, the tile pattern and the indentation lines in separate To apply or carry out stages. In this Case the sheet 18 is first through the clamping area guided between an ifaar of rollers 19 and 20. The tile patterns are on the arch at this stage by means of the embossing relief surface 21 on the Roller 20 applied. The thus patterned sheet is then passed over a spacer roller 22 and from there Contact with a roller 23 is performed. The roller 23 has a series of projections 24 on its surface and these projections press the indentation lines on the patterned sheet. It is necessary to have the action of the rollers 20 and 23 synchronize so that the indentation lines in the spaces between the by the roller 20 applied patterns are produced.

The method according to the invention has the disadvantages known, above-mentioned proposals are overcome and it is possible to execute on the sheet material or to repeat pattern units to be applied to the sheet material, so that tiles with

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a consistent, non-homogeneous surface pattern can be produced in a suitable manner.

Various embodiments of the invention are possible described in the following example, which relates to the production of floor tiles with about 30 cm in Square (12 inch square floor tiles). That The method according to the invention is applicable to all measurements and Shapes of tiles applicable.

example

A vinyl resin-asbestos formulation suitable for floor tiles and listed below was mixed in an internal mixer and discharged at a temperature in the range of 105-110 ° G. The mixture was then processed on a two-roll mill to form a "plate" approximately 4 cm (1.5 inches) thick at a temperature in the range of 110-115 ° G.

The thickness of the plate was reduced by passing it through two two-roll calenders , the first providing a sheet thickness of about 4 mm (0.140 inch) and the second providing a thickness of about 2.5 mm (0.100 inch) The sheet exiting the second calender was then in the range of 90 ° C and the surface was raised to a value in the range of 100 ° C by radiant heat.

The sheet was then passed through an embossing unit;,. , which consisted of two steel rollers, one of which.

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on their surface with a relief of the pattern was provided, which was impressed into the surface of the sheet or should be printed. (The roller can have an inking or paint application arrangement, so that the raised or raised portions paint into those formed in the surface of the sheet Valleys transferred.) The dimensions of the raised sections were nominal or essentially those in the surface should be indented, and the Roller surfaces were kept at a distance close to the thickness of the sheet so that the overall dimensions of the Bogen experienced little or no change as a result of the minting process.

The tile blank impressions were obtained by providing a grid section in the relief of the roller one of the primary embossing patterns, i.e. tile embossing patterns resulted in a recess forming enclosing squares of approximately 33 cm (13 inch squares). The recess was slightly deeper than the primary embossing (up to between 0.1 now and 0.25 mm - (0.005 to 0.010 inch) ■ the lower surface). The printed or embossed sheet was passed through a cooling unit so that the material became rigid enough to show it in the square grid outlines when guided through a mechanical Break bending device.

The tile blanks thus formed were collected and they were given time to return to normal ambient temperatures. They were then individually through A tile press was run and a section about 30 cm (12 inches) square was cut from each blank, with the blank being symmetrical in the press was ordered.

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In this way serves were patterned, pressed or embossed! tiles precisely and economically Way received.

Tile approach by weight

plasticized PVC 24-

Asbestos 21

Mineral filler ■ 51

Pigment 4-

- patent claims -

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Claims (1)

Claims Method for producing tiles, in which a design in the form of individual tile patterns is applied to a sheet of the desired material and the tiles are cut from the sheet, characterized in that indentation lines are made in the sheet between the individual tile patterns and thereby tile blanks be defined with dimensions that are greater than those of the desired finished tiles, that the tile _{blanks 4} are broken from the Bpgen along the indentation lines and that the tiles are cut from their respective hollow rings. Method according to claim 1, characterized that the indentation lines on the sheet by means of protrusions on a roller and that the tile patterns are applied by the same roller » J. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheet between a Pair of rollers is passed through, one of which the tile design on a surface of the Sheet and the other applies the indentation lines to the other surface of the sheet 209815/1536 2H8679 4-, method according to one of claims 1-3> characterized in that the sheet is cooled before it is broken into tile blanks will. ... · 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arch in tile blanks is broken by a mechanical bending device. 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the indentation lines are only made in the transverse or longitudinal direction of the arch, so that each tile blank comprises more than one tile. 7. Device for the production of tiles with a Cough roller for applying individual tile designs to the surface of a sheet material and a Cutting or breaking device for dividing the sheet into individual tiles, characterized in that the cutting or breaking P device comprises a impression roller, the Protrusions to form indentation lines in the arch around the individual tile patterns " 8. The device according to claim 7 »characterized by g e k e η η that the pattern roller and the impression roller are combined in a single roller are. 20981 5 / 1S36