DE2135010C3 - Charge control for electric storage heaters - Google Patents

Description

of the timer is tapped. On the leading edge of the main control

3. Charging control according to claim 2, characterized by 45 device coming square wave signal is carried out by the characterized in that one of the limit switch timer has an adjustable delay, so that the (12) at the same time the bistable stage for the generation output signal of the timing element, for example after an Exgung of the output signal and by the potential function with a certain time constant Limit switch (14) is resettable. ten increases. On the size of this time constant

4. Charge control according to claim 2 or 3, 50 depends on the time from the appearance of the front thereby characterized in that through the threshold edge of the square-wave signal until it reaches the value switch (12, 14) limit the upper threshold value at the output of the timer output voltage of the timer cs up and passes. The upper threshold switch is thus down to the upper or lower threshold value with an adjustable delay compared to the previous one. 55 switch the edge of the square wave signal. At the

Trailing edge of the square-wave signal, i.e. when the signal at the input of the timing element

disappears, goes through the also adjustable time constant of the output signal of the timing element again 60 does not immediately return to zero, but decreases exponentially. A time constant that can be set elapses certain time until the lower threshold

The invention relates to a charge control for value is undershot and the lower threshold value electrical Storage heaters with a main switch emit the control signal. Of these two control unit, which sends a control signal according to 65 control signals, a bistable stage is switched, the factors affecting the charging, e.g. B. which provides the modified output signal, the outside temperature, in the form of a square wave signal A charge control, in which the cycle time

supplies with a variable cycle time ratio, and with ratio by actuating a single actuator

which is continuously variable, is obtained in that the timing element contains a setting resistor, at whose grinder the rectangle chip;: voltage from the Hauptsteiiergerät rests, and that the two ends this setting resistor via diodes connected in opposite directions and preferably via additional resistances are applied to a capacitor on which the threshold value switches are supplied ^ output voltage of the timer is tapped. ίο

In a further embodiment of the invention it can be provided that one of the limit switches at the same time forms the bistable stage for generating the output signal and through the other limit switch is resettable.

The invention is illustrated below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the associated Drawings explained in more detail:

F i g. 1 shows the waveforms of the square wave signal from the master controller and the modified square wave signal from the slave controller;

2 shows a block diagram of an inventive Arrangement;

3 shows a circuit diagram of the delay element used in the invention;

F i g. 4 illustrates the mode of operation of the delay element;

F i g. Figure 5 is a complete circuit diagram of a slave controller in accordance with the present invention.

F i g. 1 illustrates the mode of operation of the slave control device according to the invention. The control The storage heater is charged in the usual way by applying a Control resistor with variable power. The power control is through variable duty cycle reached at constant voltage. With

t _P = one-time,

t _A = time out,

P _mi = mean value of the power,
ED = relative duty cycle

ED ₁ is delayed by a time τ. Hs surrendered to see an on-time t _liw and a time-out t _Aw . The following applies:

40

surrendered

ED ₇ =

tr.

ED _W 'j " ¹ -,

Έζ + '.-Ij - IHw + ¹ Aw

So that will

T "- T,

ED _W = ED ₁ +

* Εζ + IAz

45

t _E + t _A

You only have to make sure that the period (//; + t _A ) is small compared to the thermal time constant of the control resistor. The main control unit supplies a signal

ED = f (& _A ),

Depending on whether τ ,,> τ _ν τ,> τ., Or τ, = τ., The output switch-on time is greater, less or equal to the input ninschalldaucr of the slave control device.

How this is achieved can be seen in principle from the block diagram of FIG.

The input signal with the switch-on duration ED ₁ , which is shown in FIG. 2 is denoted by V ₁ =, that is to say the square-wave signal from the main control device, is sent to a current-direction-dependent, adjustable element 10. The output signal £ /, - of the adjustable timer 10 is applied to an upper threshold switch 12 and a lower threshold switch 14. The upper threshold switch 12 sends a control signal to a line 16 when U _c exceeds an upper threshold value OS. The lower threshold switch 14 sends a control signal to a line 18 when U _c falls below a lower threshold value US . The signal on line 16 is applied to the set input of a bistable stage 20 and the signal from line 18 to the reset input of the bistable stage 20. The bistable stage 20 delivers at its output 22 an output square-wave signal U _A with a cycle time ratio Εϋψ ( 1), where T ₁ and t ″ depend on the setting of the timing element 10.

The timer 10 is shown in FIG. 3 shown. The input voltage ZJ _E , which drops across an input resistor R , is applied to the wiper of an adjustable resistor Rp. The ends of this adjustable resistor R _{P are connected to a capacitor C via fixed resistors K 1} and diodes D ₁ and D ₂ , at which the output voltage U _c des Timing element is tapped. The diodes D ₁ and D ₂ are polarized opposite to one another. If the division ratio of the setting resistor R _P is denoted by α (0 Z ^ * ^ 1), then, provided that R is negligible, the charging time constant (via diode D ₁ ) results as

ϋ _Α = outside temperature.

55

A secondary control device, a so-called home station, is used to adapt the individual apartments or rooms, with the clock signal ED _{W of} the apartment station being able to be changed within certain limits compared to the central clock signal ED _{2 of the main control device.}

In Fig. 1 shows the clock signal in the form of a square-wave signal from the main control unit with the on-time t _Fl and the off-time t _Az . The secondary control unit generates a signal ED _W , the leading edge of which is delayed by a time τ compared to the leading edge of the signal ED ₇ and the trailing edge of which is the discharge time constant compared to the trailing edge of the signal

By adjusting the setting resistor Rp , the ratio of the charging time constant to the discharging time constant can be changed continuously. This allows the times τ, and τ., To be changed, which pass until the capacitor C is charged to the upper threshold value OS after the voltage U _{n is applied} to the leading edge of the input signal, or until the voltage U _i: at the Trailing edge of the input

signal the capacitor is discharged again to the lower threshold value. The limits of the two threshold switches 12 and 14 are advantageously symmetrically to - ζ placed so that same for x = 0.5 ■ delay times τ = T result. ₂ 4 shows the charging and discharging curves for this case * = 0.5 and T ₁ = T ₂ .

An important requirement is that the capacitor C not through during charging and discharging Input currents the threshold switch is loaded. It is also advantageous if through the threshold switch a limitation of the output voltage of the timing element upwards and downwards to the upper one or lower threshold value takes place.

F i g. 5 shows a complete circuit in which the timing element compared to FIG. 3 slightly modified and at which the upper limit switch continues to function as the storage

Voltage divider, as I said, is connected to the supply voltage of + 12V. The base of the transistor T is once connected to the output line 24 of the target element 10 _{via a diode D 4 and to}

the other via a diode D ₅ with the quenching line from the lower limit switch 14. In the collector circuit of the transistor T _{5 there} are two resistors /? ₈ and R ₉ , between which the base of the transistor T ₀ is applied. A resistor A ₁₀ is located between the collector of the

ίο transistor 7 ',. and the diode D ₅ or line 26. The output voltage (at the bottom in FIG. 1) is tapped at the collector of the transistor T _n and drops across an output resistor R ₁₁ .

When the leading edge of the square-wave signal from the main control unit appears, U _n becomes negative, transistor 7 ', that is, it is blocked. As a result, the supply voltage is applied to the timing element 10. Via il R the condensate

R ₁ and the left part of R ₁

"_...." _e , torC with a time constant set at R _P

chers of Fig. 2 also fulfilled. The input voltage 20 loaded. If an upper threshold value 05 of the voltage U ₁ : from the main control unit is reached via a voltage on the capacitor C, which is determined by the resistor / ?, and a diode D _s at the base of the voltage divider A ₃ and R ₄ + R ₅ , Transistor T ₁ "The base of the transistor T ₁ is also - then the base of the transistor T ₀ becomes positive against a supply * via the resistor R - through the emitter. A current flows through R _B and R _9. Voltage of + 12V. The transistor T ₁ is at 25 Due to the voltage drop at /? _B , the base of its emitter-collector path parallel to the transistor T _n becomes negative with respect to the emitter, so that the timing element 10, which is also via the resistor A ₁ . The transistor T _{0 also} becomes conductive. Via the resistor, the supply voltage is applied. The time interval R ₁₀ is coupled so that the switching element contains the setting resistor R ₁ , the device 12 of which exhibits a tilting behavior over R ₁ with the supply voltage of the transistor T 30 are _0, the output voltage + 12 V is connected and placed over both ends of which U _A to the value of +12 V, whereas previously with open transistor T _8, the output on

two oppositely polarized diodes D ₁ and D _{2 are} connected to the capacitor C, with a resistor / ? _{, in series with the diode D 2.}

the resistor A _{11 was kept} at 0 V.

At the falling edge of the square wave signal U _ri

located. The transistor T ₁ is conductive for U _t = ü and ge 35 the transistor T _{1 is} conductive and closes the time block for negative values of U _E. When U _r - 0, link 10 becomes short. The capacitor C then discharges the timing element 10 through the conductive transistor via D ₂ , A ₁ , the right half of R _P and T ₁ . The T ₁ short-circuited. With negative values of U _E , the discharge time constant in relation to the charging time constant, i.e. the square-wave signal, the constant of the timer 10 is determined by the supply voltage, since the transistor T. is the wiper of the resistor R _P. When that is blocked. * lower threshold US, which is determined by the voltage

The voltage drop across the capacitor C is determined by divider R ₃ + R ₄ and R ₅ , if it falls below the lower one via a line 24, the transistor T ₃ becomes conductive because the base limit switch 14 is given. This contains two of the transistor being negative to the emitter. Transistors T ₃ and T ₄ , which complement each other 45 A current flows through R _a and R ₇ , which are tär. The line 24 is connected to the base of the transistor voltage drop at R _7, the base of the transistor T ₄ and T ₃ , the emitter of which is positive with respect to the emitter via a span. It is then voltage divider consisting of the resistors R ₃ + R ₄ via line 26, the positive positive feedback _{voltage and R 5 is connected} to the supply voltage and _{grounded in des- between resistor A 10} and diode D ₅ , so sen the collector circuit two resistors R ₈ and R ₇ lie. 50 that the transistor T ₅ blocks and thus a voltage state is reset between the two resistors.

In the described arrangement, the upper limit switch 12 also serves as a bistable stage for the generation of the output signal, which is transmitted via line 26 from the lower threshold switch 14 is resettable.

The transistor T ₁ is controlled in a manner known per se via an isolating transformer and rectifier. The output U _A controls, in also

voltage tapped, which is given to the base of the transistor T ₄ . The collector of the transistor T ₄ is connected to a clear input of the upper limit switch 12 via a line 26.

The upper limit switch 12 also contains two mutually complementary transistors T ₅ and T ₆ . The emitter of the transistor T _{5 is} connected to a voltage divider consisting of the resistor

stood R ₃ and the resistors R _t + R ₅ , where the 60 known way, a triac with zero point trigger.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

Claims (2)

a secondary control device through which a rectangle claims: signal is generated with a cycle time ratio that compared to the one specified by the main control unit 1 charge control for electrical storage levels cycle time ratio can be individually modified, heaters with a main control unit, which 5 with a charging of the storage heater after a control signal in accordance with the modifying influencing the charging condition of the secondary control device Factors e.g. B. the outside temperature is the cycle time ratio, temperature, in the form of a square-wave signal with variable- The main control unit is usually- a central control unit, which is a witte secondary control unit, by means of which a square-wave-dependent control signal delivers and for mehsignal is generated with a cycle time ratio, rere residential units are provided jointly. It The opposite of that of the main control device can then be a secondary control device as »apartment preset levels Cycle time ratio individually mo- tion «in the individual apartments or in individually identifiable is, with a charging of the spinning spaces to be provided to the weatherproof heating device according to the pending signal from the central main control unit Secondary control unit modified cycle time ratio according to the needs of the respective living space takes place, characterized by the owner, the type of use of the room, etc. that the secondary control device has to be modified individually. At a known pending affair Contains timing element (10) to which the law (DT-OS 19 05 069) is in the Wohnungseckslgnal fed from the main control unit 20 station a pull-in and de-energizing delay relay is presented and its output signal is seen as the rising, the pull-in and drop-out delays and the falling edge of the square wave signal of the relay and thus the cycle time ratio different adjustable time constants nis can be changed within certain limits. it follows that the output signal of the timing element The invention is based on the object of a an upper and a lower threshold value- 25 simply constructed and purely electronic secondary switch (12, 14), of which the control unit for a charge control is applied to the former (12) to create when exceeding an upper and mentioned type. the latter (14) when falling below a lower value. The charging control according to the invention is there- Threshold value emits a control signal, and characterized in that the slave control unit that a bistable stage (20), the state of which contains the 30 current-direction-dependent timing element to which the Forms the output signal of the secondary control unit, the square-wave signal is fed from the main control unit is set by the former control signal and by is and its output signal is the increasing the latter control signal is deleted. and the falling edge of the square wave signal 2. Charging control according to claim 1, characterized in that the time constants can be set differently, characterized in that the timing element contains a setting 35, the output signal of the timing element has an upper and resistance [Rp) , on the wiper of which a lower threshold switch is applied, of square-wave voltage from the main control unit in which the former is located when an upper and is exceeded, and that the two ends of this setting - the latter when falling below a lower threshold resistance, emits a control signal via mutually opposite switching, and that a third diode (D ₁ , D ₂ ) and preferably via an additional bistable stage, the state of which forms the output signal of the Kätzliche resistors (R ₁ ) on a capacitor slave control device, from the former control (C), to which the threshold value signal is set and the latter control signal switched (12, 14) supplied output voltage is deleted.