DE2134774A1 - Current stabilization circuit - Google Patents

Description

7236-71 / Kö / S

IICA Docket No .: 62,100 / 63,205

Convention Date:

July 13, 1970 and January 11, 1971

RCA Corporation, Iiew York, Ν.Ϋ., V.St.A.

Flow stabilization circuit

The invention relates to a current stabilizing circuit a first transistor, the collector of which can be connected to the first of two to an energy source so as to conduct direct current Feed terminals and with its emitter via a negative coupling element is connected with an ohmic resistance path to the second supply terminal, and with one between the base of this transistor and the second supply terminal switched regulated voltage cuelie.

Current stabilizers can be used to bias the base-emitter junction of a transistor so that am Collector a predetermined current level for the bias of a further semiconductor amplifier? .Ur is available. Or they can as a two-pole current regulator dasu used v / earth, a consumer / rain .Scxmrari! dip the. To stabilize operating savings funds.

The invention is based on the object of a current stabilizing circuit ru create that from a voltage source, animal voltage can fluctuate over a wide range, a relative constant current provides predetermined icrtes, and which is special for difj manufacture in the form of a monolithic integrated Circuit is suitable,

109884/1309

According to the invention this object is achieved in that at a current stabilizing circuit of the type mentioned above second transistor conducting direct current with its base to the emit ter and connected with its collector to the base of the first transistor and with its emitter to the second supply terminal is and that a current amplifier with its input · to the collocator of the first and with its output to the collector of the second transistor and with an input · and output common connection to the first supply terminal.

So it is the current-determining impedance of the first transistor in! borrow with its base-emitter junction. At this series connection is a regulated voltage so that a constant current is obtained from the collector of the transistor. This i-: constant Current flows to the input of a three-pole current reversing amplifier, which provides an output current that is equal to its individual current proportional, but of opposite flight direction.

The regulated voltage is supplied by a loop regulator with the second l'rensietor, which is designed in an emitter amplifier circuit. It is fed on the input side by the voltages generated at the current-determining impedance. The output of the current reversing amplifier supplies the collector current of the second transistor. Because of this attitude, the second transistor applies the regulated voltage between its collector and emitter and the series connection of the base-emitter junction of the first transistor? and the current-determining impedance.

The operational voltage source is between the common. Connection of the current reversing amplifier and the emitter of the second Transistor switched. At these two connections the result is with applied voltages that are greater than a certain threshold value, a constant current.

Instead, a third transistor can also be provided, the "Jasis-emitter junction" of which is biased in the dike. itfie the "base emitter junctions of the first and the white transistor. Since the collective currents of the first and the next tran-

109884/1309 _{ΒΑΌ ömGmAL}

sisters are stabilized, the collector current of the third is also Stabilized transistor and can be used as a l'orstrora for downstream Arrangements are used.

Hie invention is hereinafter based on the drawings in individually explained. Show it:

• igur 1 the circuit diagram of a two-pole current stabilization circuit according to an embodiment of the invention} and

Figure 2 shows the circuit diagram of a circuit arrangement in which a current stabilizing circuit together with auxiliary transistors is used, the bias currents for a low power function Jj Generate amplifier.

all components of the circuit according to FIG. 1 are suitable for manufacture in integrated form on a monolithic circuit board.

A return voltage source (B +) is connected between two terminals 11 and 12, with terminal 12 being connected to the neutral or ground pole of the electrical power source. Between the terminals 11 and 12 is a biasing arrangement, as it is, for. Q ... can be used to bias a cascode differential amplifier (not shown) in an integrated circuit. The bias arrangement contains the series connection of four npn transistors 13 and 14 connected as m diodes, a voltage drop resistor Ie, a pnp transistor 1 / connected as a diode, a double-polarized current stabilizing circuit 20 and an RPN transistor 18 connected as a diode.

The transistors 13 , 14, 17 and 18 connected as diodes represent an arrangement, for example, in connection with which the current stabilizing circuit 20 can be used. In these transistors 13, 14, 17 and 18 and in a further pnp transistor 23 connected as a diode, the collector and base are connected together. This results in a two-pole diode element with the properties of the usual haloconductor rectifier.

i) ie erf jnduiifsß-emäli trained r> tronii - t nbilisierschaltuTig 20

109884/1309 _{BATHROOM 0RlaiNAL}

.has two main flow paths. The first consists of a resistor 21, the emitter-collector path of an npn transistor 22 and the as Diode-connected pnp transistor 23. The second consists of the emitter-collector path of an npn transistor 2 6 and the collector-emitter path of a pnp tran ^ istors 27.

The resistor 21 is connected between the base and emitter of the transistor 26. Base and emitter of transistor 22 are connected to the collector or the base of the transistor 26, so that a negative feedback between the collector and base of the transistor 2 6 (negative feedback) exists.

The transistor 23, connected as a diode, and the transistor 27 are parallel with their input circuits (base-emitter circuits) and are arranged so that their conduction characteristics are proportional (e.g., equal). The arrangement of the transistors 23 and 27 therefore functions as a current reversing amplifier used in the present Case, for example, should have the gain level -1. This current reversing amplifier has an input terminal, an output terminal and an input and output common terminal. Of the The input connection is located at the connection point between the base and collector of the transistor 23 and the base of the transistor 27. The output connection is located at the collector of the transistor The common which conducts the input and output currents back The connection is at the junction of the emitters of the transistors 23 and 27.

The positive pole of the current stabilizing circuit 20 is located at the connection point of the emitters of the pnp transistors 23 and 27, while the negative pole is located at the emitter of the npn transistor 26 '. The .Stromstabilisierschaltung 20 maintains a predetermined current flow between the two mentioned poles and through the bias or bias circuit 13, 14 even when the operating voltage B + fluctuates above a given threshold value. 16, l'J, 18 upright. The voltage drops across the individual components of this bias circuit are therefore stabilized against such operating voltage fluctuations. And r.war the current stabilization circuit 20 effects the stabilization in the following way.

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- ■ 5 -

Assume that transistors 23 and 2 / are essentially identical components and are arranged close together on an integrated circuit board. You are therefore exposed to the same thermal environmental influences because of their spatial proximity. They have essentially the same collector currents, if their input circuits are connected in parallel. The base currents are usually small compared to the collector currents, so that they can be neglected in the following explanation.

In the arrangement according to FIG. I, the ^ essentially flows Half of the interconnected emitters of the transistors 23 " and 27 delivered current through the first current path with the Emitter-collector path of transistor 23, the collector-emitter path of transistor 22 and resistor 21. The other half of the supplied current flows through the second current path with the emitter-collector path of the transistor 27 and the collector-emitter stretch of transistor 26.

The collector of transistor 26 is maintained at a regulated voltage 2V_ _F with respect to the emitter voltage, the voltage at a V_ _E durchlaßgespannten base-emitter junction is (approximately 0.6 volts in a silicon integrated transistor). The base-emitter voltage of the transistor 26 connected as an emitter amplifier is regulated by the negative feedback from the collector to the base due to the output follower effect of the transistor 22.

The negative feedback lowers the collector voltage of transistor 30 as long as the feedback loop gain is reasonably large. The negative feedback is non-linear and only works with a significant gain when the base-Kmitter junction of the transistor 26 is forward-biased. Due to the negative feedback, therefore emitter junction base of the transistor is at the 2 (maintained a Spannunpvsabfall of IV _c This voltage determines the current through the resistor 21 i via the Trans:.. F are nv reliefort 22 of the emitter mini This current.. holds, -im "a. ';?." - Emitter over oxTi'. η f of transistor 22 einivt Spau; ump \ sabfall von 1 7 am right.

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The collector of transistor 26 is at a voltage of

2V _no , with regard to its emitter voltage by firstly the Soannunps lib "-

control effect of the base-emitter voltage of the transistor 2 · 'holding constant Negative coupling, next is the flow control circuit Regulated voltage across resistor 21, which controls the emitter current in the base-emitter junction of the transistor 22 keeps stable, and thirdly, the voltage drop at the base-emitter junction of the transistor 26, the is stabilized by the stabilized emitter current, held. This results from the fact that the collector-emitter voltage of the Transistor 26 is equal to the sum of the stabilized voltages at the base-emitter junctions of transistors 26 and 22.

So that the emitter follower effect is maintained in transistor 22, its collector must be kept biased with respect to the base. The current inverting amplifier with the transistors 23 and 27 must ensure that it operates _{t s} on the input side of the diode-connected transistor 23 has a voltage drop of at least 1 V have. The current stabilizing circuit 20 must therefore be supplied with voltages of approximately 3 V "p (d, h" 1.8 volts for silicon transistors) so that it operates as a constant current two-terminal network.

We shall now consider the mode of operation of the current stabilizing circuit with supply voltages that are sufficient to keep all of its transistors at normal voltage. The magnitude of the constant current is equal to the sum of the current in resistor 21 and the emitter current of transistor 26. Because of the presupposed properties of transistors 23 and 27, these two currents are essentially the same. The current in the resistor 21 is limited to that value which is necessary to generate a voltage.-U across it which is equal to the V_ _{p of} the transistor 26 with the same current passage. This current can be determined, for example, with the help of the well-known diode equation:

£ l

I = i (e ^ki - 1),
it '

whereby:

I = emitter current of transistor 2ύ in amps;

^e - 3 κ

1 - Snttifomp s Ft rom of transistor 2 ( (t ^ 'Oincherweise Ο,' - 'χΙυ Anrnere for integrated Trp-isintore-i);

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-Y-

R ₂₁ (0hm) - 2 _x Or "c

constant where

^I constant ^{= der 1 <onsi:} ' ^ani: ' ^e current of the two-pole current stabilizer p otrr wer Ice s (current stabilizing circuit)

109884/1309

e = base of natural logarithm; σ = charge of an electron in coulombs; V = base-emitter voltage of transistor 26 in volts; k = Boltzmann's constant; T = operating temperature in degrees Kelvin.

As mentioned above, the base-emitter voltage of transistor 26 is equal to the product of the value of resistor 21 and of the current in transistor 22, which is essentially equal to I under the specified conditions. Put in the above equation Ϊ il for the voltage V ein, we get:

I Ra

I = I (e ^kT - 1) es

which, if you take the natural logarithms .each side of the equation takes, can be paraphrased as follows:

I Ra

log I - log I = ' ■ · -ee ^e es IcT

IcT * ο

The value of - can be for a typical temperature of 300 K.

can be approximated as 26 χ 10 '.

The value of the resistor 21 can therefore be calculated for a desired current from the following equation: d

~ log I - log I

■. {. = 26 χ 10 ~ ^J 2_ä

Instead, the value of the resistor 21 can also be approximated with acceptable accuracy in that for V _n -, the value of 0, i ^; Assume volts and plug it into the following equation:

A more precise choice of the resistance value with the help of this method can be done by specifying the exact base emitter jump drop of the transistor 2 c determined for a given current from the characteristics of the transistor.

In a typical arrangement with a value of the resistor 21 of 15 kiloohms, the current stabilizing circuit 20 supplies a substantially constant current of 80 microamps even if the applied voltage fluctuates by a multiple of the threshold value required for the limiting effect. Depending on the construction of the transistors 22 and 27 with regard to their collector-base voltage breakdown properties, the current stabilizing circuit 20 can apply an applied voltage (E +) of up to 30 volts or so / iar even more with an essentially constant current flow Process 80 microamps.

Instead of the npn transistors, pnp transistors can also be used uses xierden and vice versa, whereby the operating spnmiur.gsnuelle would have to be reversed accordingly. Instead of a simple current amplifier in the form of transistor 27 with freschalten through the as a diode Transistor 23 bridged base-emitter overpang, the for its operation only very small tensions between common Connection and input and output connection needs, one can also use other known current amplifier circuits * Since transistors 22, 23, 2C and 2 / have constant collector currents, supplies a transistor of the same conductivity type, which its base-emitter bias a constant coil current from an arrangement which is similar to one of these transistors 22, 23, 2 (/ or 27). Furthermore, as will be explained in connection with FIG. 2, the Resistor 21 by the series connection of a resistor and one

replaced as a diode-connected transistor with forward voltage, '//earth.

Figure 2 7: Eigt a low-power function amplifier, which is suitable for production in the form of an integrated monolithic - ^ attitude. This functional amplifier receives its pre-currents from an arrangement with the current stabilizer.chal.tuni according to the invention. ¹ :. All components within dm * dashed

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21 3A774

th line can be au: 'a single integrated circuit 30 housed v / earth.

An essential part of the amplifier arrangement of the circuit board 30 is in the USA patent application Serial ^f · o. 8C ^ / ü8 by the same applicant in (filed on 2 '/. 10.19''9). The amplifier is therefore only described here insofar as it is related to the current stabilizing circuit 40.

The integrated vSchalturigsplättchen 30 has terminals 31, 32, 33, 3c, and 35, which serve the circuit to a first one-gangssigi-al ^ ual, a second Eingangssignalnuelle, one! 'A etriebs- gleichsnari ^ xmgsnuelle (IM) , an exit side pipe Vernrauchaiiordnurig '. »; - w. > each: connect traction potential (ground).

-Oie input signal terminals 31 and 32 are with the rabbits ie of an npn · transistor 51 b ^ w. 52 connected to their interconnected Emitters to the collector of an npn constant current transistor 53 to form an emitter-coupled differential amplifier 50 are connected. i) ie collectors of transistors 51 and 52 are connected to the input ie of a current reversal amplifier 54 or 55 connected.

. • Jie current inverting amplifier 54 and 55 consist of a n'e pnpfransifitor, with its J3asis-emitter junction of a diode-geschalte- Λ ter p "p-Trans. This is i.stor parrllel.geschaltet Stromumkehrverstärko.r are άαιι by transistors 23 and 2 / in Figure 1. The input and output common connections of the current inverter 54 and 55 are both connected to the connection 33 to which the operating voltage BI- is fed.

The output connections of the current reversing amplifiers 54 and 55 are connected to the input and output connections of a third current ^{reversing amplifier 5 (} FIG. 5). The current reversing amplifier 56 is connected in the same way as the current reversing amplifiers 54 and 55, but made up of np: i transistors instead of pnp transistors. The input and output common connection of the current reversing amplifier 56 is connected to the ground connection 35. At the connected output connections of the current reversing amplifier 55 and 5 ^ -

109884/1309 bath

an active output signal stream is generated, which is used by a current amplifier. ^: 0 is initiated.

An arrangement with a StMmverPTrp_r'.psti'a''Sistor (2, e.'b.er pnp-Dioden Transistor'nmbinetion 63 and a bucket Vorspa;: .. network L - supplies a driver transistor "> r (1 des ^; >^{troinverstär;..}"-.erst'o with 3etriebsstrom the Vorspamietzwerk 64 of iusrane -cnppelt (collector) of transistor mmit a komplementärsymraetrisc'iei; from speed stage with transistors 71, 72, 73 and / Tie J Ausgangssig-ial be. at the interconnected collectors of the transistor Ί, ": and / 4 (ie at the connection 34 of the" circuit board 30) .

The power supply transistors 53 and C? are according to the invention coupled to the current stabilizing circuit 40 and work with a relatively low operating current compared to the output stage. The Stromstabilisierschaltunp £ 0 contains xwei Tran sistoren 41 and 42 from the same Leituiiffstyp (npn) having a Stromversorfrungsanordnurig · are connected by their bases 41b and 42b on a common Schaltunfspunkt 43 P. "L" he emitter / j2e of transistor 42 is located on the Ground connection 3 5> while the emitter 41e of the transistor 41 is connected to the ground connection 3 5 via a current determination resistor 44.

The transistors 41 and 42 are mounted close together on the circuit board 30 and have proportional conductivity properties. The effective base -Emitterüber "rangstlache of transistor 41 is four times as large as the deis transistor J 2. For example, in a typical Ausführunfsform the ^p .asi s-emitter junction area of the transistor 42 2 5 x -5 microns, dagegeji that of the transistor 41 2 5 x 100 microns with the same ulfusion profile; The collector 41c of the transistor 41 is also directly connected to the base 41b, so that the transistor 41 operates as a diode.

The arrangement which supplies the circuit point 43 with .Strom contains an inrush current transistor i \. ( With a collector connected to the B + terminal 3. ^ , a connection-free base and an emitter connected to the circuit point 43 via an amplifier 47 designed in a Darlington configuration 42c of transistor 4 2

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is connected to the connection point of the emitter of the transistor q ( and the iiinpanps (Rpsis) 47b of the amplifier 4 7 .

The effective emitter 4 / e of the amplifier 4 7 is connected to the switching point 43. The effective collector 47c of the amplifier 4 7 is connected to an arrangement which the collector currents of the transistors. 41 and 42 in an essentially fixed relationship to each other (: ··. ^R% . Ρ ! Eich) holds, coupled. This arrangement consists of a pnp transistor 48 connected as a diode and a further u ρ ip transistor /! ■>, which with its emitters 48e or 4-9e rnfreschlossei directly to the! '+ - terminal 33; are. Their bases 48b and 49k. • are susammenfteschaltet as well as directly to the collector 48c comparable m bnnden.

i) the collector c '^ c is connected directly to the collector 4 2c, while the collector 48c is connected to the collector 41c via the collector emitter path connecting 47c to 47e. The pnp transistors n $ and 4-9 .si ^ d are essentially identical and mounted close to one another on the circuit board 30 and work as current amplifiers with a gain amplitude of -1. The transistors 48 and 4 '"> therefore strive to keep the collector currents of the transistors 41 and 42 essentially the same, as will be explained below.

^iJ hen '• ■> eschreibunp_ the operation of the Stromstabilisier- M schaltunp · 40 will initially the part with the transistors 41, 42 and the resistor 44 are considered, the operation of the transistors Λ1 and 4 ~ anlland the idealized Halbleiterdiodenrleichuiifr ff fir the Current density J instead of the "jtrom I) can be examined:

j - y / -e ^kT - 1 7

wobf'i: J = current density of a base-emitter overhang J ^ ~ saturation current density of the 'Jlierffän ^ sJ q = charge of an electron;
k - I'oltzmann's constant;
T - nlisolnto 'J' temperature in degrees Kolvi-ij

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e = base of natural logarithm; V = voltage at the base-emitter junction.

"The current density" is equal to the current through the base-emitter junction; divided by the area of the T? a sis emitter crossing.

Equations of this kind can be set up for the base-emitter junctions of transistors 41 and 42 as follows:

^be 42

= d / e

S- -

^be 42

- ^be 41

^ ₁ - \ / -e- ^ r-- 1.7

41 be ,.

By rearranging the above equations with regard to current density and voltage, we get:

'be ^be «

^ - - Ζ ". ^M - 1 7

^be 41

be.
42

^be 42

- / "· ^kT - ι 7

Assume for the moment that measures have been taken to keep the emitter currents of transistors 41 and 42 substantially the same and that the effective base-emitter junction area of transistor 41 is N times that of transistor 42. Since the transistors 41 and 42 consist of essentially the same material, their current densities are related to one another under these conditions as follows:

^be 42 * ^be 41

109884/1309

Because of the similarity of production, the saturation , current densities of the two transistors 41 and 42 are essentially same, i.e.:

^J s, ^{= J} s,
^oe 4l 42

If you substitute J and J, and take the logarithms, you get: 42

log J ₁ - log J

^f e be e

J ₁ - log J r

e be ₄₁ es, ICT

41 be

De

log NJ, -log J = -r-ii ^& e be .. 'es, IcT 41 be ₄₁

i) the unit expression in brackets is for all of interest Values of V, insignificant and therefore not taken into account.)

The difference between the base-emitter voltages of the transistors 41 and 42 can then by combining the equations such as can be calculated as follows:

) = St.

e ~ s, q

For a typical operating temperature of 300 Kelvin, the

JcT
Expression - can be approximated as 2C millivolts.

Therefore, if the area ratio N is 4 (log the difference between the base-emitter voltages of transistors 42 and 41 can be calculated as follows:

= 36 mV

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Since the voltage at the base-emitter junction of transistor 42 is equal to the sum of the voltage at V / iclerstarid l \ / \. and the voltage at the base-emitter junction of the transistor 41 is determined by the Uiff'erenz between the voltages at the base-emitter junction of the transistors 42 and 41 dfe voltage at the resistor 44. According to the above equation, the voltage at the resistor is therefore / 14 equals 36 millivolts if the area ratio of the transistors ύΐ and o / l is 4 and the collector currents of these two transistors are the same. The resistance value U ,. of resistor 44 itf is chosen according to the following equation:

A *

1 Ii-T / 1 1 9 VT "A 1

⁴⁴ " \ l ^{q A} * ² " ^{Iout q A '12}

where: I = emitter current of transistor 41j

^e 41

Α. ,, / Α. » = the ratio of the effective areas of the base-emitter junctions the transistors 4I and 42;

I, = total current in the current stabilizing circuit 40. out

For a current I of 10 microamps, the resistor has 44

a value of 3600 ohms ⁴¹ (i.e. 2 χ -). I is in

^v 20 microamps out

in this case 20 microamps.

For a given desired output current, one can therefore the area ratio as well as the value of the resistor 44 im With regard to the best utilization of the surface of the circuit board Choose 30. In order to increase the output current, one can either decrease the value of the resistor 44 or the area of the Enlarge transistor 41.

The above investigation has assumed that the emitter currents of transistors 4I and 42 are substantially equal being held. How this current balance is achieved is explained below.

When the operating voltage is initially applied between the terminals 33 and 35, the transistor 46, which acts as a leakage current element, couples works with an open or connection-free P.asis, one

109884/1309

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relatively ip- small current to the base 47b of the amplifier 47 This leakage troai is amplified by a factor that is the same the product of the current gains of the components of the amplifier

.17 (ie ß ') which can affect on the order of 1000. ^v npn. '

Part of the highly amplified leakage current then arrives at the interconnected oases 41h, 42b, and at the same time the amplified initial or inrush current arrives at the interconnected V.ase »! 48b, 4 ^l , ^v b. Since the bases 41b and 42b are connected and the transistor 41 has a larger (e.g., four times) effective base _T Kmitter area than the transistor 42, the collector current of the transistor 41 tends to be about four times that of the transistor 42, at current values which are so low that the voltage across resistor 44 is significantly less than the desired operating value.

The collector current of transistor 41 passes through the Path connecting electrodes 4 / c and 47e to pnp transistor 48. The transistors 48 and 49 work as a common current amplifier with a gain of approximately 1 and with signal inversion. Since the transistors 48 and 49 are connected in parallel and in their operating characteristics are essentially identical, their collector currents are essentially the same. If one neglects the fact that the collector 47c of the Darlington stage 47, in addition to the collector current of transistor 48, also has the smaller base currents j of transistors 48 and 49 must contain, the collector current appears of amplifier 47 also at collector 49c of the transistor 49.

Since the collector current of transistor 42 at initial current values is on the order of 1/4 of the collector current of transistor 41, transistor 49 supplies the Darlington stage 47 with a significant base current. To the transistors 41 and 42 is therefore a positive feedback arrangement (positive feedback arrangement) with the amplifier 47 and the transistors 48 and 49 coupled. As the current in transistors 41 and 42 increases further, the voltage across resistor 44 takes a comparison to the desired pre-determined operating value (: *. B. 3 C. millivolt) considerable Value. The transistor 41 is therefore with a

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supplies lower r-asis emitter voltage than transistor z'2, and as a result, the emitter current of transistor 41 does not rise further enough to maintain the ratio of 4: 1 r. to emitter current of transistor al .

When the voltage across resistor 44 is equal to approximately

IrT A 1
3 C millivolts (~ - log T ^) , the collector currents of the transistors 41 and 42 are approximately the same. Thereafter, the pnp transistors 48 and 49 endeavor to keep the collector currents of the transistors 41 and 42 essentially the same. The -McIc coupling arrangement with the Darlington amplifier 47, the transistors 48 and 49 and the transistors 41 and 4 ·? · Therefore reaches a stable or negative feedback state, so that the voltage across the resistor 44 (and consequently the current of the transistors i [ l and 42) tends to remain constant at the predetermined desired value r \ i.

Additional transistors, for example transistors 53 and 62, can be connected in parallel with their base-emitter junctions to the base-emitter junction of transistor 42, so that essentially constant currents which are determined by the value of resistor 44 result. For example, at a value of the resistor / J4 of 3 C-OO ohms, the transistor 53 has an effective or effective base-emitter area which is equal to that of the transistor 42, as a result of which the differential amplifier 50 is supplied with a current λόιι 10 microamps.

The transistor 02 is given an effective base Bmittor area, which is 1.5 times larger than that of transistor 42, so that a Current of 15 microamps for the current amplifier 03 results. Instead of You can also use the current source transistor 02 and the current amplifier 63 according to Figure 2 by a simple pnp current source transistor replace whose base-emitter junction 1.5 times as large is like that of transistor 48. In this case the base-to-emitter junctions would be of the pnp current source transistor and the transistor 68 to be connected in parallel and the collector of the pnp current source transistor to be connected to the base of transistor 71.

7ν note int that the desired current level in the .current-

.109884 / 1309

stabilisierschaltunp 40 is made with means v / ith that only two times the desired current consumption (ie, equal currents in the collectors of the transistors 1 and 4 / \ 2 containing Stromwefen). Furthermore, the only resistor that is used is resistor 44, which can be relatively low.

The difference between the supply voltage at terminal 33 and the opannunp at resistor 44 appears mainly at the collector-emitter path of transistor 49 in one and at the collector -emitter path of Darlinf ^ ton stage 4 / in the other current wave of Stromstabilisierschaltiuir 40. The connection 33 can therefore be fed with a relatively wide range of different values without the currents in the Stromstr.bilisierschaltuiift 40 or the currents supplied by the auxiliary current source transistors 5, 1 and (2 in their value be influenced.

The ochalturifr according to "ifrur iilaiit change in different ways, for example, instead of the Dar Linpto ι amplifier 47 a single transistor can be used. The conductivity types of all transistors can be reversed, in which - ' all of the tensioning urif carried out to terminal 33; the correct polarity would have to be hooked, furthermore the function of the transistors 41, 42, i [o u.id ι \ ⁽ .i, -jov / eils is taken over from a circuit consisting of several components V / eise each of the pnp-.Jaueleme: ite is realized by a αηι- and a pnp- Transirtor in directJ'.opplunr with high combined / reset-rten prip-ii value;.

ir & ργ, "erhält'iis the effective areas of the base-emitter ^ är" of transistors 41 and 42 kan-'i another value werdfiii chosen as the fourth However, this ratio must be in conjunction with other shaving] tunp.sparametern so frroß be that for the Anfanff.svui; the .Stromquelle (Stromstabilisierschaltunp) tand 40 is a Mitkopplurii »· (gain greater than 1) ibt erp linter into account l ^ np this requirement can also for the ratio of the areas of Ba.. si.s -Kmitterüberfiänjrre of pnp -transistors 48 and 4 ⁽ > a value other than 1 can be selected.

mQPAA / Hilft 6ADORlGiNAt

The inrush current transistor A ( ! Earn in certain cases is also omitted, if the pnp transistors deliver a sufficient leakage current or if there is enough Htreu '.: Apa: -ity or -spa: πα · ;, "is available to a reliable switching on is guaranteed.

''. wipe the emitter of the tra isirtor i <'.?. After the! ^. SReanrchlub 3 5 there may be a resistance, ü.oi * iecbc. in his .Vert! considerably smaller than that of the individual estate 44 usd vorr-iirrsv / eir.e ~ ·; is close to zero.

109884/1309

Claims (2)

ί ^Λ π te η ta η s ρ r ü chc \ J Stromrtr.bilisierschaltung with a first transistor with its collector direct current loitend pn the first of two a ^r > one iinorri equel.1 c connectharen supply terminals and with its ■ emitter " or a negative feedback element with an ohmic resistance path to the r .wide supply terminal is connected, as well as with a between ·· »the iasis of this transistor and the second Spciselderamc rreschnltcteu regulated voltage source, because by geke η η ζ calibrate η et that a second transistor (26) conducts direct current with its base to the Emitter ™ and with its collector ar? the "visis of the first transistor (22) and its emitter to the second supply terminal (12) is connected and that a current amplifier (? ■ /, 23) with its input to the collector of the first (22) and its output to the collector of the two-tone (2f) transistor as well as an input and Axisganf alien. Connection to the first supply terminal (11). ". '! Is closed. 2. Current stabilizing circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the current amplifier has a third transistor (2 /) which is connected with its base to the input, with its emitter to the common terminal and with its collector m to the output of the current amplifier, and a fourth transistor (23) which has its base and its collector together r. > the input and its emitter is connected to the common terminal of the current amplifier. .'5. Stromstabilisierschaltung according to claim 1 or 2, characterized g ο ke η η :: calibration η et that a Hilfstrarisistor is connected in parallel with its base-emitter path for I'asis-emitter path of one of said transistors and forms a wtromruellc for a turned-on to its collector consumer . /. M-romstabilisier. ^ Circuit according to any one of claims 1 am 109884/1309 bad original , d rd -τι rc Ii; ie! ". e η η rc i ·. et, da.- eier first _r _ _{ηΓ:; r} , .. _; . _{> r ε} ,, _Γ --- (. roi in ^ arliifto ^ -Sch ^ -unf ver * "u * ice cn T ¹ ITnictore ·· -cstchfc, ^r . ^r 3 ^ r imr ^^ n ^ ilisierschaltui β : ^ ch a rnr A 'corüche 1> -is / j drdurch f e; -. e η · :,, τ eich ··· eh, c'ci dr.ε Gero. · - .. r.oppaus einer '/ iclerstand (?, 1 "· bestohv ,. ■■. ntroms1: -? "'ij-isierschal" do £ r after ei ^: iem the adaption thereby / rc he η η reached t. , Dr.ib of Go.re zorsO- -.- ^ lun _r TSjP "ixed from dor Reihenschaltunr a resistor (21) u- \ ö. Ei ^ there is Halbleitergleichrichterβ (lo). /. --trotnstaT'ilisieririciialtunp nrcli A'isiruch f, el f. d η r ch fehe η ^T ~ - ^ eic h η et, the first feed terminal and the base of the first transistor wipe a Lec ^ stroma ^ .orriv -un / r switched on ict. 1 09884/1 309 Blank page