DE2125409B2 - Pressure medium drive of a valve or the like - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a pressure medium drive of a valve or the like according to the preamble of the claim 1.

Such a pressure medium drive is from the USA Patemsclirift 412 789 became known. According to U.S. Patent 412,789, the two sides are a valve actuating piston with the aid of a first line and a second line to a flow line connected to be actuated by their pressure. By means of a control slide the first and second lines can alternate either to the flow line or to an atmospheric one Outlet can be connected. The connection on one side of the actuating piston the atmosphere can be undesirable if the medium in the line is explosive or in case it pollutes the environment. If the actuator for the shut-off valve is submerged, the external pressure can be so high that the medium used for actuation can be discharged not possible.

The United States patent specification 2,854,994 already shows an actuating device in which the ^ ur loading an actuating piston of the flow line serving line fluid is returned to the flow line. In the USA patent 2,854,994, however, is a different type of pressure medium drive. While in the genus according to US Pat. No. 412,789, from which the invention proceeds, the first and the second conduit to opposite sides of the actuator piston are connected, in U.S. Patent 2,854,994 are the two corresponding lines both connected to one side of the actuating piston, while the other side of the actuating piston is constantly exposed to the pressure of the flow line is exposed. After all, US Pat. No. 2,854,994 has already disclosed a device in which the actuating pressure medium from one side of the actuating piston serving as an actuator into the Flow line is returned.

Pressure collectors have also been used to operate power-operated shut-off devices, for example according to the German Ausleeeschrif: 1 198 155.

The present invention is based on the object, in a pressure medium drive of the im The preamble of the main claim mentioned type of precautionary measures to also prevent the actuating pressure medium taken from the flow line without being able to return a pressure gradient in the flow system to it. The maximum Operational force is available at the beginning of each work act.

The solution to this problem is shown in the characterizing part of the new main claim. The exact structure of the four-way valve is irrelevant because, for example, a four-way valve is used can also be made up of two three-way valves or three two-way valves.

The pressure medium drive according to the present invention is also characterized by cheap and uncomplicated Construction from. It gets by with a few additional parts and can easily be connected to different ones Directions of flow through the flow system be adjusted. Regardless of the level of the pressure in the flow line in the At the moment of actuation, reliable actuation is always guaranteed by the pressure difference. the The invention can be implemented for flow systems consisting of one or more flow lines borrowed.

According to advantageous embodiments of the inven tion according to claims 2 and 3, the Actuate is derived supply pressure for the valve from the controlled Sfrö flow line itself, although the invention aucl is applicable in cases where the actuation pressure for the valve comes from another flow line al: the flow control controlled by the valve

ίο comes from. The claimed invention allows zui Actuation of the valve, the pressure changes in one or more flow lines connected to it to make the best possible use of these services. So there is no need for another source of energy in the vicinity of the

actuating device to be located. The invention läßi on for an automatic response to a certain pressure drop giant flow line pressures set up downstream of the closure part, so that, for example, the production line has a

ao underwater drilling in the event of pressure loss in the line downstream of the closure piece automatically can be closed.

If, according to the features of the invention highlighted above, the separate lines upstream

a5 connected downstream and downstream of the closure member are, then the pressure changes result, which the pressure difference for the actuation of the als Actuator-serving actuating pistons deliver from the opening and closing of the valves. To this Way, the pressure of a pressure accumulator can optionally be fed to an actuating piston surface, while at a different value standing flow line pressure, with either open or closed valve, the other actuating piston surface can be fed to the shut-off element to operate in a desired direction.

With the inventive arrangement of the pressure collector and the one-way valves according to claims 4 and 5, the pressure in the pressure accumulator can each be an extreme value in the Flow line approach pressure changes occurring, so that a pressure difference between the Pressure of the collector and another value of the flow line pressure arises and for the displacement the closure part can be used. With a one-way valve open to the flow line the pressure accumulator approaches the minimum pressure in the flow line and with one to that If the one-way valve is open to the pressure accumulator, the pressure in the accumulator approaches the maximum value of the Flow line pressure.

The claim 6 characterizes a further embodiment of the invention, which the application of the Actuating device for flow lines through which flow is possible in both directions. at In this embodiment, the predominant pressure in the flow line automatically selects the correct one Way to actuate the shut-off member, so that its actuation in the same way as in the specific embodiment takes place for only one flow direction.

Claim 7 relates to a working with two collectors Embodiment of the invention. This combination of two collectors and one-way valves in each of the lines provides an even greater pressure differential than the flow line pressure and this can then be attached to both sides of the

5 6

Actuating device are applied. How high is the upstream side. This is

imagines, the pressures of the collectors approach that caused by the dots on the left side of the flow

Maximum pressure and the minimum pressure in the flow line are shown. The pressure of the medium on

management. the downstream side is low, like

The embodiment according to claim 8 reproduced the previous 5 through the lack of dots

part that the four-way valves is a function of.

Flow line pressure can be actuated automatically. If the closure part according to FIG. 3 partially

The arrangement can be made so that the lock is closed when there is a pressure gradient. This ge

the closing part of the valve is operated in the closing direction, lower pressure is created by the weak puncturing

when the on the spring and the ambient pressure io on the right part of the flow line 11 in FIG. 3

decreasing actuation force of the four-way valve shown.

is greater than that due to the flow line pressure traced back to Figures 1 through 3 of the drawings Force. The closure part is thus provided device is provided with a drive 15, the valve at a drop in the downstream which a cylinder 16 and a piston 17 on-pressure conclude on a certain value. The 15 points. The piston 17 extends with its Kolkann occur, for example, if downstream rod 19 through the cylinder and the housing, of the valve results in a break in the flow line where it is connected to the closure part 13. Of the whereupon the valves close as soon as possible cylinder of the actuator is at its upper and unneeded. the lower ends are provided with openings.

Claims 9 to 18 characterize differently ao a four-way valve 20 with a housing 21 has

dene design options of the invention for a closure part 22, which via channels 23

systems operating with two flow lines. and 24 pairs of openings in the housing 21 with one another

Regarding the usefulness of this execution- joins; the openings are in for this purpose

It should be noted that, for example, a 90 ° spacing is provided on the housing 21. Line

Connection of the four-way valves by means of one of the opposite 25, 26 connect the openings in the four-way

called separate lines with another valve 20 with the openings in the cylinder 16 and so-

Flow line as that controlled by the valves with the opposite sides of the piston

th flow line, if necessary, the more extreme 17.

Value of the flow line pressure in a not

controlled flow line can exploit. Where the 30 net, which e.g. a spherical storage container

both mentioned, separate lines at both 28 is. Inside the container 28 is a

the other flow line as well as to the controlled bladder 29, which is filled with gas via a valve 30.

erte flow line itself are connected, can be blown. A chamber 31 consists of

one can see the most extreme pressure values of both the bladder 29 and the container wall; the bladder

Make use of lines. 35 is according to the pressure and volume

Claim 19 characterizes an embodiment of the medium to be stored in the chamber stretchable

with two full actuators bar and retractable.

In accordance with the present invention, a conduit 32 connects the flow conduit

are linked and coordinated. 11 on the upstream side of the

Embodiments of the present invention 40 final part 13 with the opening on the left in the

are explained with reference to the drawings housing 21 of the four-way valve 20, while a

tert. Line 33 the opening on the right in the

F i g. 1 of the drawings is a schematic housing 21 connects to a conduit 34 leading to i

sees a valve after a first execution chamber 31 in the collector 27 leads. One line 35

form in the closed position, 45 connects the collector 27 at the intersection of the line

F i g. 2 is one of the F i g. 1 comparable view lines 33 and 34 with the flow line 11 current-

an open position, downward from the closure part 13. The lines 33

F i g. 3 is another one shown in FIG. 1 and 2 connect and 35 connect one of the faces of the piston mil

Similar view in which the valve is that of the flow line, while the line 32 is the other

Approaching the closed position, 50 whose piston surface is in contact with the flow line

F i g. Figure 4 is a schematic view of a second binding incorporating a check valve 36 in the lei embodiment in the closed position, device 35 allows a flow in the line nui

F i g. 5 is one of the F i g. 4 comparable view in the direction of the arrow shown, d. H. only then,

the open position when the pressure in the collector 27 is higher than dei

F i g. 6 is one of the F i g. 4 comparable view, 55 pressure downstream of the closure part 13 in dei

7 is a schematic illustration of two flow lines 11.

Flow lines, which each through a valve after When the valve 10 is closed and when

a third embodiment are controlled. the four-way valve 20 in the in Fi g. 1 shown

In the drawings and in particular in FIG. 1 position, an upstream one acts to 3 of these, the valve 10 is in a flow 60 pressure at the top of the piston 17. The manifold 11 used. The valve has a housing 27 is over the check valve 36 and over the

12 on. Inside the housing, a closure part is located downstream part of the line 11 completely.

13 stored The closure part is relaxed as a slide. So the pressure below the KoI shows which has a passage 14. bens 17 and in collector 27 not larger than dei

According to the arrow in Figures 1, 2 and 3, the 65 pressure runs on the downstream side of the ven

Direction of flow from left to right, so that at tils; for this reason a maximum force is ver

closed valve according to FIG. 1, the pressure of the joinable to the upward stroke of the KoI

Introduce medium within the flow line 11 at the bens with the valve open.

In order to open the valve 10, the four-way valve 20 is switched to the position shown in FIG. 2 position shown moves, so that the upstream part of the line 11 with the underside of the piston 17 over the Lines 32 and 25 is connected. The top of the piston is via lines 26, 33 and 34 with connected to the collector 27 and is connected to the downstream by means of lines 26, 33 and 35 Part of the line 11 in connection. As a result, when the piston 17 rises to the To open valve 10, medium is released from above the piston 17 into the collector 27 or expanded and reaches the downstream part of the flow line via the check valve 36 11. After a certain movement of the piston 17, the pressure prevailing downstream increases until it corresponds to the outlet pressure. At this point, the check valve 36 closes, so that the further discharge is completely fed into the collector 27. When the valve 10 as a result 2 is completely open, the pressure in the collector 27 is up to a certain intermediate pressure increased, which is shown by the slight dots.

In order to close the valve 10, the four-way valve 20 is switched to the position shown in FIG. 1 position shown returned, whereby the upstream pressure acts on the top of the piston 17 can, while the medium is diverted from below the piston into the collector 27. If the closure member 13 approaches the closed position, a point is reached at which the downstream prevailing pressure until the pressure of the collector 27 has dropped. Just before that point is reached is, the storage chamber 31 of the collector 27 is fully charged and is on its highest pressure, although this is still lower than the pressure upstream see Fig. 3. Direct after this point is reached in the downward movement of the closure part 13, the check valve 36 opens to the collector 27 in the downstream side of the line 11 to be emptied.

In the FIG. 4 through 6 illustrated embodiment of the present invention is located the valve 10 in the line 11. In contrast to the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3 possible the arrangement according to Figure 4 to 6 that the valve can be operated regardless of whether the upstream pressure in the line 11 is on the left or right side of the valve 10 prevails. This is done by adding three check valves and their connections made.

If the upstream pressure on the left side of the valve 10 according to Fig.4 and5 prevails, the valve is operated in substantially the same manner as that with reference to FIG F i g. 1 to 3 has been described. There is a line 40, which drives the lower opening of the cylinder 16 connects to the four-way valve 20, while a line 41 connects the opening in the upper The end of the cylinder 16 is connected to the four-way valve 20. A line 42 connects the line 11 the upstream side of the closure member 13 with the four-way valve 20, while a line 43 connects the upper opening of the four-way valve to a line 44 leading to the collector 27. A line 45 connects the collector to the line 11 on the downstream side of the closure member 13, with a check valve 48 in this line.

In addition, the in FIGS. 4 to 6 shown arrangement on a line 46 which the Line 42 connects to line 44 leading to collector 27. Another line 47 connects the line 42 with the line 45 between the check valve 48 and the connection of the line

ίο 45 with the line 11. In the line 46 there is a check valve 49; it prevents that there is a flow from the line 42 into the collector 27, as can be seen by the arrow shown. As can also be seen by arrows, check valves 50 and 51 prevent flow between the upstream and downstream sides of the closure member via lines 42 and 45.
When the upstream pressure is on the left side of the valve 10 and when the four-way valve is in the position shown in FIG. 4 is located, the check valves 49 and 50 are closed and conditions prevail as they were explained in connection with FIG. 1 of the drawings. If, however, it is assumed that the upstream pressure is on the right-hand side as shown in FIG. 6, the check valves 48 and 51 are closed. As a result of this, a line pressure is applied via the lines 45 and 41 to the upper opening of the cylinder 16, while the medium on the lower opening of the cylinder can be discharged into the collector 27 via the lines 40, 43 and 44. In this way the actuator is caused to move downwards,

so that the closure part is moved into the closed position.

If, however, the four-way valve 20 is brought into the position shown in FIG Medium from the right side of the flow line

11 via the lines 45, 47 and 40 to the lower side of the piston 17, while medium on the upper side of the piston is discharged via the lines 41, 43 and 44 into the collector 27. In this way, the locking member 13 is caused to move upward to its open position. The amount of medium discharged in the collector 27 is subject to the same workflows as with reference to FIG. 1 to 3 has been set out.
As can be seen from FIG. 7 of the drawings, the flow lines 110 A and 110 B to be controlled may consist of the product lines of an underwater borehole, through which oil or gas is conveyed from the borehole to a collection point. The valves to be actuated are the valve 111 A in the flow line 110 Λ and the valve 111 B in the flow line HOB. Normally, the flow in the flow lines 110/1 and HOB can still be controlled by valves 112 A and 1125 and by adjustable throttles 113 A and 113 B in the upper part.

Each valve is equipped with a housing H. A closure part C is movable within the housing. Each housing H has tubular ends in a known manner and can, for example, via Scaweiß-

Connections W are connected to the flow line.

A line 114 stands on the upstream sides of the closure parts C of the valves

ίο

111/4 and 111 B with the flow lines 110/4 conventional auxiliary controlled and by a spring

and HOO in communication while a line 115 recirculated four-way valve exist,

on the downstream sides of the valves as shown schematically in the drawings

is ordered. Fin orslcr collector 116 is connected to the pipe control piston 125 of the valve within the valve

device 114 connected, while a second manifold 5 tilgehäuses 124 movable between positions, in

ler 117 is connected to line 115. give way to the opposite sides of the piston

A first one-way valve 118/4 is located in 121 of each cylinder 120 with or with the other line 114 between the flow line to which the collectors 116 and 117 are connected. 110/4 and the collector 116, while a second So is, for example, according to the one-way valve 118 B shown in the line between the io presented embodiment of the control piston 125 of the flow line 110 S and the collector 116 upstream four-way valve 123 for the left valve 111 A is seen in. In the same way, a third one-way position is in an upper position to connect the line 126 leading from the rod end of the valve 119 A in the line 115 between the Strö piston 121 with the glue line 110/4 and the collector 117 provided 129, which leads to the lower hen, while a fourth one-way valve 119 B in the 15 high pressure collector 117 leads, while the line 115 between the flow line HO B from the collector 116 high pressure discharge line and the collector 117 is arranged. device 128 with the line leading to the piston end

The valves 118/4 and 118 B allow only 127 to be connected. Consequently, the piston was in the

lent flow in the direction of the collector moved position shown 116 to the valve 111 to A

while the valves 119,4 and 119 B close a flow ao.

The control piston 125 is located only in the direction of the flow lines HO A, on the other hand

and 110ß allow. As a result, the medium in the four-way valve for the right valve HISS takes in

first collector 116 the highest pressure, which of its lower position, around that of the collector 116

during pressure changes in the conduit 128 leading away from the flow line to the end of the rod

lines 110/4 and 110 B upstream of the valves 25 of the piston 121 leading line 126 to connect

occurs. This is usually the case when the. while the line 127 from the end of the piston

one of the valves is closed. On the other hand, the line 129 leading to the collector 117 accepts

the pressure in the second collector 117 is the least closed. The piston was consequently placed in the

Value that occurs when the pressure-changed position is shifted to the left, around the valve

Ments in the flow lines HO A and HO B 30 Hl B to open.

occur downstream of the shut-off devices. As already mentioned, the four-way valve can be used for low pressure usually prevails when the associated valve is in the desired position the flow lines are without restrictions. be brought; this happens in accordance with the

The closure parts C of the valves 111 A and 111 B are pressurized in the flow line, specifically downstream with the aid of drives according to FIG. 35, downstream of the valve. For this purpose, it is relocated according to the embodiment presented. Each drive schematic representation has a line 131 for control has a cylinder 120, within which a pressure from the line 115 and from the non-return piston 121 can be moved. A rod 122 extends valve 119 A to the upper end of the four-way valve from the piston and through the cylinder, so that they 123 felt for the left valve UlA. In comparison with the closure part is connected. 40 ble way, a line 131 extends from the dei

Each drive is equipped with a four-way valve 123 flow line 115 between the line 110 B. The valve 123 has a valve housing and the check valve 119 B to the upper end 124, within which a control piston 125 of the other four-way valve. One is moveable downstream. As a result, standing pressure in one of the flow lines is alternately a high pressure from the collector 116 and a 45 consequently acts via a low pressure from the pressure responsive to pressure. Collector 117 placed against the opposite surface F at the upper end of the control piston of the piston 121. Line 125 to generate a force which connects the control genes 126 and 127 shifts each of the four-way valve pistons downwards, ie into the position with the opposite sides of the cylinder in which the control piston on the right-hand side is in position. A line 128 connects each four-way event.

til 123 with the line between the one for high pressure and directed downwards towards the control piston

provided collector U6 and the one-way valve acting force acts through the vice

118 A and also between the collector 116 and pressure generated against the force, which at dei

the one-way valve 1185. In this way, the high pressure on the opposite side of the control piston becomes an

in the collector 116 via line 128 at each of the 55 locations; the force is added to this force

Four-way valves applied. Spring 132 is added in a comparable manner. In addition there is the area of the lower one

the line 129 connects the line 115 between the end of the control piston through an opening 133 mi

the one-way valve en 119 A and 119 B with the four- the exterior of the housing 124 in connection

Directional control valves 123 in order to respond to a low level in this way to the ambient pressure at which there;

Pressure from the collector 117 is brought to the four-way valves 60 four-way valve, so for example au

to be able to create. the primary water pressure in the case of underwater inlet

The lines 114 and 128 thus form a first structure of the type described above. The spring

Line system, while lines 115 and 129 132 can consequently be less powerful than usual

represent a second line system. Every four-way be held.

valve 123 is between the first and second 65 When the valve 111 A for the one flow line

Line system on the one hand and the surfaces of the KoI- tion UOA is closed, and the valve 112 A ge

bens 121 on the other hand connected. opens and the throttle U3 A is constricted came

The four-way valve 123 can come from the pressure of the medium via a flow guide unit

110/4 can be maintained at a level sufficient to overcome the combined force of the spring 132 and the ambient pressure. The control piston of the four-way valve 123 for the valve 111/1 is thus shifted downwards. As a result of this, the four-way valve is moved into a position in which the pressure of the medium opens the closure part of the valve 111/1. Since the throttle 113 A is constricted, a relatively high pressure remains in the flow line 110/1 downstream of the valve 111/1, so that this is prevented from moving back into the closed position.

On the other hand, if it is desired to

To close the closing part of the valve, the throttle is withdrawn from a constricting position, thereby reducing the pressure of the medium in the flow line. This reduces the force formed by the pressure of the flow line, which is effective at the upper end of the control piston 125 of the four-way valve and is less than the upward force on the control piston. As a result, Dkser is shifted to its upper position in order to

to apply the high pressure in the collector 116 to the rod side of the piston 121 and to apply the low pressure from the collector 117 to the piston end of the piston. As a result, the piston moves to the closed position.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

Claims (19)

Patent claims: 1. Pressure medium drive of a valve or the like with pressure from a flow system, which Pressure changes using an actuator with a pair of each other opposite pressure-sensitive surfaces and with a device to the closure part to adjust, with a first control line, which one of the surfaces of the actuator with the flow system, a second control line connects the other surface with the Flow system connects, and with a device to selectively reverse the direction, in which the pressure difference is across the surfaces of the actuator, characterized in that that the first and second control line (25, 26) via a four-way% 'entil (20) can be alternately connected to separate lines (32, 35) connected to the flow system (11) open, with a one-way valve (36) and, between the one-way valve, in one line (35) (36) and Vierwegeverriil (20), a collector (27) are switched on. 2. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that a line (32) from the separate Lines upstream of the closure part (13) in one to be shut off from this Flow line opens. 3. Drive according to Ansprur "11 or 2, thereby characterized in that one (35) of the separate lines downstream of the closure part (13) opens into the flow line (11) to be shut off from this. 4. Drive according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by a for storing the Minimum pressure of the flow line (11) in the collector (20) to the flow line (11) open one-way valve (36). 5. Drive according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized by a one-way valve which is open towards the collector (116) for storing the maximum pressure of the flow line in the collector (116) (118Λ, 118 5, Fig. 7). 6. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the upstream and downstream from the closure part (13) opening separate lines (42, 45, Fig. 4 and 5) through two parallel lines are connected, each with a center tap for connection to the four-way valve (20) and one of which has a further central tap (44) for connecting the collector (27), with the central tap on both sides the one line connected to the collector (27) and the four-way valve (20), one-way valves that are continuous from the center taps (48, 49) and on both sides of the center tap of the other line to this end-to-end One-way valves (50, 51) are arranged. 7. Drive according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that each of the separate lines (114, 115) opening on one of the opposite sides of the closure part (C, Fig. 7) is assigned a collector (116, 117), and between Four-way valve (123) and the flow line to be shut off (110 A, 110 B) is arranged, with the interposition of a one-way valve (118/1, 119/1), one of which is through to the flow line to be shut off and the other from the flow line to be shut off . S. Drive according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Four-way valve (123) in one direction under pressure and in the other direction through a Feaer (132) is movable. 9. Drive according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first and a second flow line (110 A, 110 B) are arranged. 10. Drive according to claim 9, characterized in that one of the two flow lines Subject to pressure fluctuations. 11. Drive according to claim 10, characterized in that that the separate lines to the flow line subject to pressure fluctuations are connected, while the valve is arranged in the other flow line is. 12. Drive according to claim 10, characterized in that one of the separate lines to the flow line subjected to pressure fluctuations and the other of the separate ones Lines is connected to the other flow line. 13. Drive according to claim 12, characterized in that the valve in the pressure fluctuations subject line is arranged. 14. Drive according to claim 12, characterized in that the valve in the other flow line is arranged. 15. Drive according to claim 9, characterized in that that both flow lines are subject to pressure fluctuations. 16. Drive according to claim 15, characterized in that one of the separate lines connected to both flow lines and one of the separate lines to a flow line are. 17. Drive according to claim 15, characterized in that the two separate lines both are connected to both flow lines, one of which contains the valve. 18. Drive according to claim 17, characterized in that the other flow line also has a valve and both valves (111/4, 111 B) have a device for adjusting the closure part. 19. Drive according to claim 18, characterized in that a collector (116) for the high Pressure and a collector (117) for the low pressure each connection to the two for Adjustment of the closure parts have serving devices and that each between lines (128, 129) running through the collectors (116, 117) and the four-way valves (123) are common to both devices.