DE2111036B2 - PROCESS FOR THE SEPARATION OF FLUORIDES FROM THE EXHAUST GASES ARISING FROM ALUMINUM ELECTROLYSIS - Google Patents
PROCESS FOR THE SEPARATION OF FLUORIDES FROM THE EXHAUST GASES ARISING FROM ALUMINUM ELECTROLYSISInfo
- Publication number
- DE2111036B2 DE2111036B2 DE19712111036 DE2111036A DE2111036B2 DE 2111036 B2 DE2111036 B2 DE 2111036B2 DE 19712111036 DE19712111036 DE 19712111036 DE 2111036 A DE2111036 A DE 2111036A DE 2111036 B2 DE2111036 B2 DE 2111036B2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- alumina
- loss
- ignition
- layer
- less
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241000244510 Pinus canariensis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 claims 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229940091249 fluoride supplement Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/22—Collecting emitted gases
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Description
kannt, Sackfilter für die Ausscheidung von Feststoffen F i g. 1 ein Diagramm, in welchem die Oberflächenaus Gasen zu verwenden. Zur Entfernung der Abfall- größe der Tonerde in m2/g gegen die Absorptionsgase muß aber in beiden Fällen eine gleich große fähigkeit der Tonerde bei 700C aufgetragen ist, aus-Gasmenge behandelt werden. Die Abfallgase, ins- 50 gedrückt durch den Gewichtsprozentsatz des Wasserbesondere gasförmige Fluoride, werden üblicherweise stofffluorids, welches die Tonerde aus einem Gasin einem Wäscher in Wasser absorbiert, welches an- strom absorbiert, der 50 ppm Wasserstofffluorid entschließend entweder verworfen oder einem Fluorid- hält bevor der Wirkungsgrad unter 95 °/„ abfällt, und rückgewinnungsverfahren unterzogen wird. F i g. 2 ein Diagramm, in welchem der GlühverlustKnows, bag filters for the elimination of solids F i g. 1 is a diagram in which the surfaces of gases are to be used. In order to remove the waste size of the alumina in m 2 / g against the absorption gases, however, in both cases an equally large ability of the alumina applied at 70 ° C. to be treated from the gas quantity. The waste gases, expressed by the weight percentage of the water, in particular gaseous fluorides, are usually material fluoride, which absorbs the alumina from a gas in a scrubber in water, which absorbs the current, which either discards 50 ppm hydrogen fluoride or holds it before a fluoride the efficiency drops below 95 ° / "and is subjected to recovery processes. F i g. 2 is a diagram in which the loss on ignition
Aus der kanadischen Patentschrift 613 352 ist ein 55 von Tonerde in Gewichtsprozenten gegen den Ab-Verfahren für die Rückgewinnung von gasförmigen sorptionswirkungsgrad der Tonerde bei 700C — wie Fluorden aus den aus Ebktrolysezellen für die Her- in F i g. 1 dargestellt — aufgetragen ist. stellung von Aluminium aus Tonerde in einem Fluorid- Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren fußt auf Versuchsschmelzbad entstehenden Abfallgasen ersichtlich, bei ergebnissen, die gezeigt haben, daß der Wirkungsgrad, welchem ein Strom des Gases, das eine Temperatur 60 mit welchem Wasserstofffluorid durch Tonerde abunterhalb 2000C aufweist und weniger als 890 mg sorbiert wird, der Oberflächengröße der Tonerde gasförmiger Fluoride pro m3 enthält, durch eine proportional ist. Diese Tatsache ist aus F i g. 1 erdurchlässige absorptionsfähige Schicht aus poröser sichtlich. Weiterhin wurde gefunden, daß die AbTonerde geleitet wird, die einen Glühverlust von 1,5 Sorptionsfähigkeit von der Teilchengröße der Tonerde bis 10% aufweist, wobei die Durchsatzzeit durch die 65 unabhängig ist.From the Canadian patent 613 352 is a 55 of alumina in percent by weight against the Ab process for the recovery of gaseous sorption efficiency of alumina at 70 0 C - such as fluorine from the electrolysis cells for the Her- in F i g. 1 shown - is plotted. Position of aluminum from alumina in a fluoride The method according to the invention is based on experimental molten bath resulting waste gases can be seen in results that have shown that the efficiency, which a flow of the gas, which has a temperature 60 with which hydrogen fluoride through alumina below 200 0 C. and less than 890 mg is sorbed, the surface area of the alumina contains gaseous fluorides per m 3 , by a proportional. This fact is shown in FIG. 1 permeable absorbent layer made of porous visible. Furthermore, it has been found that the waste clay is conducted, which has a loss on ignition of 1.5 sorption capacity of the particle size of the clay up to 10%, the throughput time being independent of the 65.
genannte Schicht geringer als eine Sekunde ist. Diese Die Untersuchungen haben auch ergeben, und dascalled layer is less than a second. These investigations have also shown, and that
kanadische Patentschrift beschreibt ferner, daß die geht aus F i g. 2 hervor, daß zwischen dem Wirkungsal sorptionsfähige Schicht aus poröser Tonerde als grad mit dem Tonerde Wasserstofffluorid aufnimmtCanadian patent also describes that this is based on FIG. 2 shows that between the effect sorbent layer of porous clay absorbs hydrogen fluoride as a degree with the clay
und dem Glühverlust der Tonerde bei Konzentrationen des Wasserstofffluorids zwischen 50 bis 100 mg/ m3. wie sie normalerweise aus Elektrolysezellen anfallen, keine Korrelation besteht.and the loss on ignition of the alumina at concentrations of hydrogen fluoride between 50 to 100 mg / m 3 . as they normally arise from electrolysis cells, there is no correlation.
Eine Tonerde, welche die füi eine wirksame Absorption von Wasserstofffluorid gewünschte Obernächengröße aufweist und den normalen Anforderungen für den Einsatz in einer Elektrolysezelle entspricht, d. h. einen Glühverlust unterhalb 1,5° 0 beiitzt, kann im technischen Maßstab unter Anwendung der üblichen Technik für die Dehydratisierung oder Kalzinierung von hydrierter Tonerde bei Temperaturen zwischen 900 und 1000: C, an Stelle der bisher gebräuchlichen Temperaturen zwischen 1100 und 1200" C. hergestellt werden. Die so hergestellte Tonerde besitzt die für eine gebrauchsfertige Handhabung erforderlichen Eigenschaften und kann ohne weitere Behandlung nach ihrer Verwendung als Absorptionsmittel für Wasserstofffluorid in gleicher Weise wie die Menge der Zellentonerde einer Elektrolysezelle zugeführt werden. An alumina which has the surface size desired for effective absorption of hydrogen fluoride and which meets the normal requirements for use in an electrolysis cell, ie with a loss on ignition below 1.5 ° 0 , can be used on an industrial scale using the usual technology for dehydration or Calcination of hydrated alumina at temperatures between 900 and 1000 : C, instead of the previously customary temperatures between 1100 and 1200 "C. The alumina produced in this way has the properties required for ready-to-use handling and can be used without further treatment after its use as Absorbent for hydrogen fluoride in the same way as the amount of cellular earth is supplied to an electrolytic cell.
Bei Verfahrensausübung werden die weniger als 890 mg pro m3 an gasförmigem Fluorid enthaltenen, aus einer Elektrolysezelle anfallenden Abfallgase durch eine Absorptionsschicht aus poröser, die angegebenen Eigenschaften, d.h. weniger als 1,0% Glühverlust und eine Oberflächengröße von mindestens 50 m2/g, aufweisende Tonerde geleitet. In einer bevorzugten Verfahrensausübung wird die Tonerdeschicht von den Säcken einer Sackfilteranlage wie im vorher vorgeschlagenen Verfahren beschrieben getragen. Um die für eine zufriedenstellende Behandlung der entstehenden Abfallgase erforderliche Tonerdemenge auf einen brauchbaren Wert zu verringern, beträgt die Oberflächengröße der Tonerde wenigstens 50 m2/g, vorzugsweise 100 m2/g.When the procedure is carried out, the waste gases from an electrolysis cell containing less than 890 mg per m 3 of gaseous fluoride are passed through an absorption layer of porous, the specified properties, i.e. less than 1.0% loss on ignition and a surface area of at least 50 m 2 / g, containing clay. In a preferred practice of the method, the layer of alumina is carried by the bags of a bag filter system as described in the previously proposed method. In order to reduce the amount of clay required for a satisfactory treatment of the resulting waste gases to a useful value, the surface area of the clay is at least 50 m 2 / g, preferably 100 m 2 / g.
Geeignete Tonerden A und B sind in der nachfolgenden Tabelle beschrieben und in den F i g. 1 und 2 mittels dieser Buchstaben bezeichnet.Suitable clays A and B are described in the table below and shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 denoted by these letters.
Nach ihrer Verwendung als Fluorabsorptionsmittel wurden diese Tonerden in eine Elektrolysezelle gegeben, und im wesentlichen wurde weder eine Zunahme der Fluorfreisetzung aus der Zelle beobachtet, noch ergab die Erwärmung der Tonerden auf 7000COnce used as a fluorine adsorbent these clays were placed in an electrolytic cell, and essentially was neither an increase in the fluorine release from the cell observed yet revealed the warming of the clays to 700 0 C
in Luft einen bedeutenden Betrag an auszuscheidendem Wasserstofffluorid.in air a significant amount of to be eliminated Hydrogen fluoride.
Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1116870 | 1970-03-09 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2111036A1 DE2111036A1 (en) | 1971-09-30 |
DE2111036B2 true DE2111036B2 (en) | 1973-08-23 |
Family
ID=9981268
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19712111036 Pending DE2111036B2 (en) | 1970-03-09 | 1971-03-09 | PROCESS FOR THE SEPARATION OF FLUORIDES FROM THE EXHAUST GASES ARISING FROM ALUMINUM ELECTROLYSIS |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE2111036B2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2081799B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1330713A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4053571A (en) * | 1977-01-31 | 1977-10-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Process for purifying lithium hexafluoroarsenate |
WO2009114342A1 (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2009-09-17 | Alcoa Inc. | Systems and methods for restricting scale in gas scrubbers and related components |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3470075A (en) * | 1967-02-06 | 1969-09-30 | Arthur F Johnson | Process and apparatus for filtering effluent produced from aluminum reduction cells |
-
1971
- 1971-03-09 DE DE19712111036 patent/DE2111036B2/en active Pending
- 1971-03-09 FR FR7108022A patent/FR2081799B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-04-19 GB GB1330713D patent/GB1330713A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1330713A (en) | 1973-09-19 |
FR2081799A1 (en) | 1971-12-10 |
DE2111036A1 (en) | 1971-09-30 |
FR2081799B1 (en) | 1974-10-11 |
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