DE2108690A1 - Afterburners for gas turbines - Google Patents

Description

HEINZ LINSER PATENT ADVOCATE. PHYSICIST

6072 D RE I E ICH EN HAI N BERLINER RING 170 CALL (061 03) a 18 13

GENEHAL ELECTRIC COMPANY

1 River Road
Schenectady, NY / USA

Afterburner for gas turbines

The invention relates to gas turbines and, more particularly, to afterburners for increasing the energy of a hot one Gas stream flowing out of a thrust nozzle.

In such afterburners, fuel is injected into a hot gas stream in order to increase the energy. Flame holders are attached immediately behind the injectors to create a stable flame front or localized combustion zone for the augmented fuel.

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V-shaped drainage devices made of sheet metal have become proved to be quite effective as a flame holder. Such flame holders must be exceptional in an area work at high temperatures, below which the strength of the material of the drainage device is very low. Because of the relatively thin metal cross-sections, which are required by weight restrictions and for other reasons are, the flame holder drainage devices are exposed to bending and torsional loads, which after relatively short Operating times a deformation of the drainage facilities have as a consequence.

It is already known to supply cooling air to the flame holder drains to reduce their metal temperatures and thus to increase the strength. Such a solution requires a tapping of compressed air from the machine, thereby reducing the overall efficiency of the machine. The same is true of the manufacture of the flame holder system complicated.

The invention is therefore primarily based on the object of bending, torsion and other deformations of the Flame holder drainage device in a simple and effective Way to prevent it noticeably increasing the service life.

These goals are achieved through a fastening system, which, when the afterburner is in the "hot" operating condition, is the bieector of the V-shaped drain and the axes of rotation of the fastening joints for the direction of flow of the hot gas stream in the direction

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aligns the drainage device. The joints are preferably fastened on supports which are on the housing of the afterburner part the machine are rotatably mounted, and which have swivel joints that have their inner portions with a Connect central housing or drainage part.

The invention is based on one, shown in the drawing Embodiment explained in more detail. Here show:

Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a gas turbine an afterburner for supersonic propulsion;

FIG. 2 shows a partial longitudinal section of the afterburner in detail in a "hot" position;

FIG. 3 shows a section along the line III-III Figure 2;

FIG. 4 a section along the line IV-IV according to FIG. 2 and

Figure 5 is a section similar to that of Figure 2, which the Shows the afterburner flame holder in a "cold" position.

Figure 1 shows schematically a gas turbine for a Supersonic flight is used. The air enters you Inlet, which has a tip 1o, and then becomes compressed in an axial flow compressor 12. This compressed air promotes the combustion of the fuel in a Combustion chamber 14 to generate a hot gas stream. The hot gas stream drives a turbine 16, which theirs

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on the other hand via a shaft 18 on the rotor of the compressor 12 operates. The energy of the hot gas flow is then increased by combustion of additional fuel in an afterburner or an amplifier 2o. The increased gas flow then flows out of a changeable area, namely a convergent-divergent nozzle 22 to the necessary to achieve a boost for supersonic flight.

In the subsonic flight range, the hot gas flow in the Afterburner may or may not be reinforced, and the nozzle may be in a convergent-divergent other than the one shown Arrangement can be adjusted.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, it should be noted that the hot gas stream is an annular flow path when it is gets into the afterburner. This oil flow path is from a machine housing 24 and a central connector 2G, which are supported by a suitable frame structure (not shown).

The afterburner has fuel injectors 3o (see FIG. 4) and flame holders in the form of annular and V-shaped drainage devices 32. The injectors may include tube bundles that are angularly spaced from the housing 24. Openings in the Tubes spray the fuel into the hot gas stream and through the drainage devices 32 a stabilized one becomes Maintain flame front or combustion zone. This type of afterburner mechanism is known per se.

The drainage means 32 are preferably in the form of a Formed sheet metal construction, which fastening

anterior openings 36 in. have their rianas or triangular apices (see Figure 3) · The attachment £; anäbze extend through the openings 36 and have legs 4o, Polygamy are arched around the back of the drains adapt. These legs are attached to the drainage devices, for example by soldering. On the opposite Links 42 are attached to sides of each tab 38 by pins 44. The opposite ends of each pair of links 42 are through utif.be 46 with the Brackets 48 are angularly secured around housing 24, such as As can be seen from FIG. 4, there is an articulated connection between each carrier and each drainage device.

Each of the carriers 48 is at its outer end on the Housing 24 with the help of a pin ^ o and egg.nos on the Housing secured approach 52 rotatably attached. To everyone In addition to its inner end, carrier 43 has a joint 54 Fixed with the aid of a pin 56. Each joint 54 is in Upstream direction to the end part 26 and angled with the help of a pin 58, which is through the approach 6o extends so rotatably attached.

The drains 32 operate in an extraordinary manner hot environment, resulting in a significantly reduced loading capacity of the material of the drainage device results in a more normal compared to the environments have a lower temperature. The fastening system described eats particularly suitable to the loads of Drainage devices to decrease when the hot gas stream its maximum temperature and the Metallfestigkoifc her Has reached the minimum.

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First; It is noted that the relative radial and axial differential expansion growth between the housing and the end cap 26 can and does occur. The beams MQ and the limbs ^ ¹ V fully accommodate such growth and yet bring the upstream ends of the limbs 42 into their "hot" position of minimal material strength without placing any stress on the drainage devices which tend to do so would deform them torsionally. DLe members' 1-2 allow an independent expansion of the drainage devices 32 relative to the carrier system, again without any inevitable torsional stress being exerted on the drainage devices L in their "hot" position.

The drainage devices and the entire support system are therefore designed so that in the hottest normal operating condition the bisector of the angle of the drainage device, the straight line χ in Figure 2, to the axes of the associated rod pins ¹ V ¹ V and ¹ VS and also with the direction the flow of the hot gas stream is aligned in the direction of the drainage device. This means that there is no torsional force acting on the drainage devices and that the stresses caused by the hot gas flow in the direction of the flow are reduced to a simple minimum level.

The U ¹ IgUr 5 illustrates a "cold" position of the Bofesbigungüanordmmg the drainage device, the "hot" position being shown for comparison by interrupted CiLuLon; is. From this I-'ijjur it can be concluded that if the orientation of the ßiflfikbora χ is not maintained, a Moiiienbenarni around Jedo drainage device relative: άι üo.r agate? of the pin '' Kj, or both, is present. In • each case, ole '!! oralon of the drainage device occurs, c'lio

the drainage device is subjected to higher stresses which go beyond the minimum Bec-MnpruehungsEustand, as described in connection with FIG. However, higher stresses can be permitted in such a "cold" state, and due to the increased strength properties, the material of the drainage device at reduced temperatures, although such reduced temperatures can be above 65o ° C (1200 ° P).

BATH ORIGINAL

Claims (1)

Ask for a patient asturbine for generating a hot gas flow with a Thrust nozzle from which the hot gas flow emerges and an afterburner to increase the energy of the hot gas flow immediately before the outlet from the nozzle, thereby gekennz ei chnet that the afterburner has an outer housing (24), fuel injectors (3o) within the Housing (24), flame holder (32) in the form of an annular and V-shaped drainage device, the tip of which in Upstream to the fuel injection nozzles (3o), that members (42) at their downstream ends (44) with the tip of the drainage device (32) are connected, and are arranged circularly at intervals that fastening devices (46) with the outflow-side ends the linkage (42) are rotatably mounted, and that the axes of rotation of the links (42) and the bisector of the drainage device (32) align with the direction of the hot gas flow as it progresses into a "hot" state, thereby eliminating any Tendency to twist the drainage device when their Material strength is weakest, is eliminated. Gas turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that that the flame holder has several concentrically arranged V-shaped drainage devices (32), which are formed in the same way, and which are fastened by links (42). 3. Gas turbine according to claim 2, d a d u r c h characterized in that the fastening devices ^ several Have supports (48) which are rotatably attached to the outer housing (24) (at fo) and which in an angular shape Spaced around there beef. 2 ü 9 β 3 3 / Π FP ? Bathroom original - Qr- Gas turbine according to claim. 3> characterized in that the afterburner additionally has an inner terminating part (26), and the fastening device also has a joint (54-) which extends from the inner end parts of the carrier (48) on the upstream side and to the
End part (26) is directed, the support joints at their 3ich opposite ends (56), (58) pivotably connected to the supports (48) or the end part (26). Gas turbine according to claim 3 »characterized in that that the lugs (38) are attached to the drainage devices (32) in the upstream Extend direction and are aligned with the bisectors of the drainage devices (32), and that the downstream Ends of the links (4-2) (at 44) are rotatably attached to the lugs (38). 2Q9833 / O562 Blank page