DE2107889A1 - Device for the continuous incineration of radioactive waste without liquid waste - Google Patents

Description

Commissariat i 1'Energie Atomique, Paris (France).

Device for the continuous incineration of radioactive Waste without liquid waste

The invention relates to a device "for continuous Incineration of radioactive waste without liquid waste.

The industrial production of plutonium leads in particular during metallurgical cleaning to combustible waste, which is essentially contaminated with o (emitters and mainly consist of rubber latex »polyvinyl chloride, cotton and polyethylene.

"The accounts for handling, transport and disposal ^ dipssr waste is based on its volume. This should therefore be reduced as much as possible, ras by

4-10- (B 340? .3} NcHe (6)

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as seeing is possible. We already know different types of incineration or maintenance devices for such Waste that is generally deficient in that? just her can be operated discontinuously and become liquid Lead waste and that ultimately the volume of waste is only insufficiently reduced.

The aim of the innovation is therefore a performance in this Respect leads to a significant improvement.

The newly developed device for this purpose is characterized by a task with automatic Lock for metal parts in front of a grinder with a Schieuee above it, an adjoining lock with a metering device in front of the actual incineration device, the one working under negative pressure. Combustion and post-combustion furnace is formed * a proportioning device for cold dry air on the air passage of the post-combustion furnace and subsequent cooling and filtering devices for the Exhaust gas with an exhaust gas exhaust via a suction conveyor as well a system delivering dry air with feed points on the Entrance of the furnace, at the exhaust gas reducing device and in the cooling and filter system.

In particular, the device comprises a radioactively tight receiving point for the waste, a device for Detection and automatic rejection of any metal bodies contained in the waste, a grinder with a dust-proof claw arranged above it, a lift for the shredded waste in the form of a revolving chain, one at the input and output through e-working against each other VersohluSorgane protected bunker to accommodate the

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shredded waste with a dosing screw at the lower end, a dense and with dried air fed Veraeohungaeinrichtung with an incinerator, into which the rubbish coming from the dosing screw falls through a tube provided with a water jacket and a natural incineration furnace, both of which have an electric 7ider8tande heater and at their lower end Have collecting containers for the ash formed; a mixing device in which the gases emerging from the near-combustion furnace are diluted and cooled by dry air ; a pre-filter to keep the surface of the air in the gases; non-flammable cut-off filters arranged in heats; an air inlet subjected to the negative pressure prevailing in the ovens; and a ventilation duct with a centrifugal fan for ejecting the cleaned oasis into the atmosphere, that of the ventilation network general ventilation of the facility supplying the radioactive waste to be incinerated is independent.

Further features and advantages of the present innovation will emerge from the following description, which refers to the attached drawing, in which an embodiment of the inventive device according to the invention is shown schematically in section in a vertical arrangement, which is given for explanation and is in no way to be understood as restrictive.

This amendment according to the amendment includes in the essential vcm singang to the exit (from left to reoh + s in the drawing):

1) a receiving point 1 for buckets or boxes with

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ashing radioactive waste;

2) a device 2 for detection and automatic Rejection of any metal bodies contained in the waste;

3) a grinder 3 housed in a glove box 38;

4) an elevator 4 for the shredded waste;

5) a bunker 5 to accommodate this AbfH.llo, the one at the bottom At the end of the dining room you have a screw 6 a closure member 7 and is protected at the exit by a further closure member 8, which work against each other mounted, i.e. in such a way that each only opens can be opened when the other is closed j

6) a Verasohungeinriehtung housed within a glove box 9, which "it is fed for the incineration and post-incineration of the waste (arrows P _{1 and} F") "** ·· ^{TO is supplied to} a generator 10 for air pre-dried by an aluminum oxide bed.

The real Veraseheinriehtuner includes one. Incinerator 11 and an afterburning furnace 14. The furnace the waste coming from the metering screw 6 is acted upon via a pipe 12 with a water jacket 13, the in the middle of the furnace vault opens »into the one above at 3 shredded waste falls under the action of gravity.

To simplify the execution, the ovens 11 and united in such a way that they form a unit in a sheet.

The combustion of the falling from the Hohr 12 into the furnace-

109839/0191. bath

The waste (|? feil F,) takes place in the furnace 11, which is τοη a vault 15, in which heating resistors 16 are arranged. The temperature in this furnace 11 reaches around 70O ⁰ O.

The near-combustion furnace 14 is heated by resistors 17.

The ovens 11 and 14 have conical ends at their lower ends Receptacles 18 and 19 made of refractory material (magnesia bricks) surrounded by insulating bricks (not shown) · ^ which in turn are represented by a (not shown) ™ removable metal cover are enclosed, through which the tightness of the oven is to be ensured.

Die! Temperature is about 14 Hachverbrennungsofen around 1,100 ⁰ O.

7) A mixing device formed by two concentric tubes 20 and 21 in which the exhaust gases are diluted and cooled by the difference in linear velocities between the hot gases coming from the furnace 14 (arrow J /) and the dry air at ambient temperature (Pe) }

β) one of the gases coming from the mixing device ^ j

(Arrow Fg) receiving heat exchanger 22.

This heat exchanger, in which the temperature of the oasis drops to 40 ⁰ O, is a tubular heat exchanger with a double jacket (not shown), which is cooled by a water circuit (arrow F ^) kept under negative pressure with the aid of a pump 23, so that every outlet of Liquid in the circuit of the hot Gaae is avoided.

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The hot gases introduced into the exchanger (arrow F circulate there in the Gerrenstrom to the one circulating in the two hulls Water.

9) A pre-filter 24, in which the heat exchanger 22 coming from Gases (arrow Pg) enter and that for restraint is determined by Büß, who, if necessary, in the event of an unforeseeable malfunction of the device in the Gases may be present j

10) non-flammable absolute filters arranged in series 25 (only one of which is shown);

11) a ventilation space or vent * <m al 26 for ejecting (arrow Pq) the cleaned gases (arrow? 4q) coming from the filters 25 into the atmosphere. This seam is independent of the general ventilation network of the facility that supplies the radioactive waste to be incinerated?

12) a variable air inlet between the absolute filters 25 and the ventilation duct 26 (at 27)

and subjected to the negative pressure prevailing in the ovens 11 and 14 is.

This air (arrows P ₁ , P ₁₁ , P ₁₂ and P ₁ *) comes from the generator 10 for dry air and is used to keep this negative pressure constant.

The operation of the renewal according to the Verechungsvorrichtung is as follows:

The (not shown) in a polyvinyl sack The bucket containing the waste to be incinerated is brought on a trolley 28 to the receiving point 1 "The poly

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vinyleaek will be sent to Handaohuhkaaten (not shown) The bucket is tightly connected and the operator takes the Beekel tob bucket by hand and pulls the bag with the waste with the help of a hydraulically driven Sehlita tongs from the bucket and brings it into the receptacle 29.

Then these bags are arranged one after the other on a slide $ 0, which can be moved (arrow P ^) along a tunnel 31, in the middle of which there is a device 2 for the detection and rejection of τοη metal bodies. This device 2 is formed by coils (not shown) through which high-frequency alternating current flows. These coils are arranged perpendicular to one another, which makes the device 2 very sensitive, for example being able to perceive the presence of τοη pieces of metal 3 mm in length.

If the device 2 does not feature any metal bodies in the garbage bag, the carriage 30 moves on and automatically pours its contents onto the top End of the grinder 3, arranged bearing surface 32 and then returns to the starting point. If the device 2 against it Metal body detects, the carriage after 2 automatically returns to its starting point and a bell rings notifies the operator, who grabs the suspect bag and returns it to the box 29 to sort out the metal pieces by hand.

When the waste is then free from pieces of metal, it is returned to the carriage 30 and with your Passage through the device 2 for a renewed inspection subject.

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The bags that have reached the storage area 32 are manually placed by the operator in a for loading the Grinders 3 serving sluice 33 brought, ait which is to be prevented that formed when crushing the waste Dust gets inside the glove box where the Mahlwsrk 3 is housed.

The waste crushed at 3 is collected in a bunker or container 34 below the grinder, into which the lower end of a mechanical elevator opens. This lifting mechanism comprises a container 35 which is carried along by an endless chain (not shown) housed in a sealed bunker outlet 36 (arrow F _1c ).

The obscure end of the elevator opens above the receiving bunker 5, which is housed in the glove box 9 which contains the ovens 11 and H. This glove box 2 and the glove box 38 for the grinder 3 are vented or ventilated via a line system 37 (arrow '^)

The shut-off devices 7 and 8 enable maintenance of a negative pressure in the whole of the furnace and gas circuit when loading the furnace and reduce the risk of fire spreading.

The metering screw 6 is a Hohlschneefcei around the formation to prevent cavities or the uniform To ensure that the material continues to flow, the entire arrangement of bunker 5 and screw 6 is controlled by a (not shown) Electric motor set in vibration with eccentric attachments,

The radioactive waste to be incinerated will be through

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the screw 6 poured into the pipe 12, τοη where from ale in the furnace 11 will fall.

Dried air supplied by the generator 10, which is necessary for the combustion or chopping, gets into the furnace 11 with a sera temperature τοη about 300 ⁰ O. Because this air is dried, condensation can be avoided later (especially in the heat exchanger 22) which, with the assistance of the hydrogen chloride or chlorine released during the incineration of the waste, could lead to corrosion stereoscopic units.

The gases produced by the waste are mixed with combustion air and enter the waste incineration furnace 14, which is formed, for example, by three combustion channels arranged in the shape of an echican «

The gases brought to a temperature of about f in the combustion furnace 11 reach a temperature of about 1.10O ⁰ O.

700 ⁰ O gases in the Maoh incineration furnace reach 14

You will be in the ashes formed in the furnace 11 and 14 Receptacle (not shown) made of refractory material ^ poured, which are arranged below the collecting spaces 18 and 19 * The receptacles, which are provided with a leak-proof deodorant, are sucked away in a polyvinyl cover and are effective forwarded to a facility for the treatment of the Asohen »

The gases emerging from the high-combustion furnace 14 reach the mixing device (20, 21), where their temperature is ^{lowered to 30O 0} O, which reduces the thermal stress in the heat exchanger 22. As a result, the gases are in

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the "erdischregerrichtung" ("It dry air) are rerdUnnt, is any risk of condensation and thus corrosion in the MieehTorriohtung suppressed.

As was explained above, the exhaust gases pass through the Mi eeim> r direction, then the heat exchanger 22, the pre-filter 24 and the Abeolut filter 25 and then get into the BntlÜftungekaaal 26 · Because this general ventilation system is independent of the system, a circulation for corrosive gases, the nan for example The clay fluorination furnace can mix in the exhaust gases coming from the factory.

The point of delivery of the gases from the duct 26 can be arranged at the lower or upper end of a chimney.

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Claims (11)

ϊ 107889 Device for "continuous" * incineration of radioactive cases without liquid waste, characterized by a task (1) with automatic · * Sptrre (2) for metal parts gate a grinder (5) with an eleventh sleep · «(33) above it, followed by a grinder Sluice (5t7 _f 8) with metering device (6) in front of the actual Verasehungseinriohtung, which is formed by a combustion and post-combustion furnace (11 and 14) operating under negative pressure; an admixing device (20,21) for cold dry air at the exit of the post-combustion furnace (14) and subsequent cooling and filtering devices (22 to 25) for the exhaust gas with an exhaust gas outlet via a suction conveyor (26) and a system delivering dry air bit sine feed points at the entrance to the Oven (11), in the exhaust gas heating device (20,21) and in the cooling and filter system (22 to 25). 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by a radioactively tight reception point (1) for the waste? one Facility (2) sum, evidence and automatic rejection of any metal bodies contained in this waste; a grinder (3) with a dust-tight sluice arranged above it! a lift (4) for the shredded waste in fora an endless chain; a bunker (5) protected at the entrance and exit by mutually working locking elements (7 and 8) for receiving the shredded waste a metering screw (6) at the lower end; a sealed, dried air ashing device with a Incinerator (11), which is connected to the one from the dosing screw (6) 10 98 39/0191 _gAD ü> he a Bohr (12) old Yaaseraantel (13) is charged with falling waste and an ifachTerbrenntofen (14) »4i · both are heated by electrical resistors (16 and 17) and at the lower end Saaael container (18 and 19) for the laugh have a melting device (20, 21) in which the oil and dry air that emerges from the furnace are thinned and cooled - a heat exchanger (22) in which the heat exchanger circulates for additional cooling a peat liter (24) zxm retention τοη possibly contained in the furnace outlet "HuSf in sieve arranged non-flammable absolute filter (25) {an air inlet (27) subjected to the negative pressure in the furnace | and a ventilation duct (26) old centrifugal fan for ejecting the purified gases into the atmosphere, which is independent of the ventilation network of the general ventilation of the system, which supplies the jru rashenden radloactlren. 3. Gate direction according to claim 2, characterized in that the Yorriohtung (2) fttr the Vachwels of metal bodies In Elnea Tunnel (31) old an 8oblitten (30) for the promotion 4 waste let. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3 »characterized in that the Raohweis-rorriehtung (2) for Metellkörper is formed by coils arranged at right angles through which τοη high-frequency aastroa flow. 5. Torriohtung according to claim 3, characterized by means for the automatic return of the carriage (30) to his Starting point if the Vachweisrorriehtung (2) metal body perceives. 109 * 19/0191 2107689 6. Vorriehtung naoh claim 2, characterized in that the Anfnahnebunker (5), the incinerator (11) and the ■ _; Haehverbrennungeofen (14) are housed in one and the same glove box 7. Vorriehtung according to claim 2, characterized by means, including the entirety of bunker (5) and metering screw (6) in To replace vlbrations. 8 * Device according to claim 2, characterized by executions for feeding dry air into the combustion · incineration furnace (11) and the NaohTerbrennofen Ό4). 9. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that dafi the Mieoh gate device at the exit of the kachrer burning furnace duroh two concentric bores (20,21) is formed. 10 · Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the heat exchanger (22) with the help of a Puepe (23) The water cycle kept under negative pressure is cooled. 11. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the rer & nderliehe air inlet (27) is arranged between the Abeolut filters (25) and the ventilation duct (26) and Jj is subjected to the negative pressure prevailing in the ovens (11) and (14). 1Q9839 / 01Ö1 Lee side