DE2106374A1 - Method for displaying one or more colored images and / or characters on a display grid - Google Patents

Description

Varfahren for the representation of one-eder multicolored Bi characters on one Display guests.

The invention relates to a display grid made of lamps or electromagnetic Anzeiqeorganen for the representation of pictures and characters for advertising and information purposes.

Such display grids should have the highest possible resolution, i.e.

a large number of display points thus have the information is reproduced as completely as possible. A change of information should be quick be indicated, in the case of a multicolored display, a good color mixing should be achieved be possible. The brightness of the display points must be so great that with a Use for advertising purposes as good a recognizability as possible, even from larger ones Distances (a few hundred to a thousand meters) are reached. Entering the information should be possible with the help of optical scanning of an original image.

All of these requirements should be achieved with a minimum of management effort can be achieved with the highest possible operational reliability.

These requirements are only partially met by known systems of this type performed. Devices in the form of a matrix in which all points of the grid are scanned one after the other and depending on the pattern being switched on for a short time come with the at all possible minimum of lines. Since for this, however, display organs react very quickly must be used, such a display grid can only be made using Cas discharge tubes or semiconductor light sources can be realized.

However, these light sources cannot be used for advertising purposes, as they are either not bright enough or prohibitively expensive. Another well-known one Procedure (PS 847 398) works with reduced line costs to show moving pictures. Another method is described in OS 1 811 003 whereby the activation of each individual grid point with an electromagnetic Relay takes place. Here, too, the line volume is still considerable, and in addition the operational safety is limited by the use of mechanical contacts.

The invention is based on the object of a display grid with electromagnetic At zeiqP.o roinen or light sources, preferably incandescent lamps to be created on f with the least possible line effort with the help of Halhleiterhaunipmenten single or multicolored images and / or characters, also reliable in rapid change can be displayed. The input should correspond to the state of the art the information with the help of F3. a television camera or a matrix of memory cores or a semiconductor matrix. The reproduction of halftones and In the case of a multi-colored display, the most extensive possible color mixing is achieved will know, As already stated, the minimum of management effort can be achieved thereby achieve that the grid is built up in the form of a matrix and in horizontal Rows and vertical columns is divided. All rows and columns are attached to the Crossing points connected to each other by lamps. By choosing a specific Any intersection point can be selected for row and column. The one for this required number of lines is z (number of rows) + (number of columns) compared to a number of at least z x s + 1 lines with individual wiring of the lamps. In order to recover a flicker-free image, the individual lamps must can be switched on very quickly one after the other, whereby the switch-on time is all the shorter the greater the number of grid points. At 9 leave grids then only pulses in the order of magnitude of microseconds to switch on available. However, a visible display can only be achieved if the lamps remain switched on for a long enough time to create a luminous effect to achieve. This can be achieved, for example, by having the individual lamps through the very short pulses are only ignited and with the help of suitable switching means keep burning for each lamp until they are extinguished.

For this purpose, according to the invention, an arrangement according to Ahb. 1 used.

It is assumed that the image grid is in the form of a matrix is divided into horizontal rows and vertical columns. Each column owns its own direct current source (1) to which all lamps in this column are connected via a thyristor (2) are permanently connected.

In principle, however, it is possible to collect all columns from one square DC power source to be sgeisen. Then the negative lines of all columns have to be included Chokes of the diodes are decoupled from each other in order to stop them at the same time to prevent all columns.

The delete switch is located in the common supply line of each column (3). The gates of all thyristors in a row are never above deconnection diodes (4) on a busbar (5) which leads to the corresponding line switch (6). All Line switches are single-pole connected to the positive pole of the ignition device (7). the The negative lead of the supply voltage for each column is applied to the associated column switch (P), all column switches are single-pole connected to a collecting line leading to the The negative pole of the ignition device leads.

When closing a column switch and a row switch gets the assigned crossing point, d. H. the gate of the thyristor a firing pulse. The thyristor ends and the lamp burns until the switch-off switch on it Column is opened briefly and thereby clears the thyristor. So it happens a storage of the information. Since the Leeschung only has to take place when a new information is to be entered, a one-time scanning of all Grid dots to write a stationary picture. To get moving pictures resp.

To represent rapidly changing characters, the B; ld must be on the grid periodically deleted and re-enrolled as quickly as possible. The deletion takes place within a few milliseconds or faster, so that a disturbing varnish is not noticeable even if the same light point it is switched on again immediately afterwards. A change of the Hildin content can therefore take place within one fluid cycle.

To clarify the function is the writing and picture change process shown in Fig. 2 in 7n phases. On an initially empty grid with 5 x 7 The letter "T" and immediately afterwards the letter "H" should be written in pixels will. The columns are from left to right, the rows from top to bottom written. As soon as a column is started with a row of thorns, it will appear on it The following column is automatically deleted by a switching device described later.

From Fig. 2 it is @@ chtlich that the change of laformation by verd @ ae @@ use eifolg It does not matter whether this process is horizontal or vertically, since basically all writing directions are possible.

The resulting gap from a column: st when choosing a meaningful one Image frequency fb of e.g. 24 R / s very short in time. It amounts to 1 - or in the shown Example 1, / 120 s and is no longer perceptible with the eye fb x s.

The maximum number of points results from the choice of the image frequency fb of the grid. According to the state of the art, the thyristors must have a switch-on time of about 1 tflikrosekuntie can be expected, since thyristors have shorter switch-on times are currently still too expensive and therefore cannot be used the component tolerances and the required temperature range should be the ignition pulse therefore a duration of approx. 1.5 microseconds. to have. In addition there is the switching time of approx. 0.5 microseconds resulting in a pulse interval of 2 microseconds or results in a pulse frequency of 500 kHz. Such frequencies are with modern semiconductors terbauelemen th to process without difficulty. The one at the current state the technology with reasonable effort realizable score for a frame rate of 24 fps is 500,000/24 = 20,833 pixels.

24 It is evident that with this procedure normally only digital states can be achieved. A halftone representation is theoretical not possible. According to the invention, however, particularly in the case of color representation Generate intermediate teens. For this purpose, the ignition pulses for one or two colors periodically blocked, which means that the lamps in question, for example, only Switch on 20 times per second while the other color is switched on 24 times per second is switched on. As a result, these two lamps achieve a lower brightness than the other lamp whereby the color of this lamp is preferred. To a flicker To avoid this, the highest possible frame rate should be aimed for.

However, this method can only be used to change the hue or brightness Display evenly distributed over the entire grid.

In order to create a real gradation of brightness in an image, the input pattern of the information can be processed accordingly.

This can be achieved, for example, by sending the sampling pulses from Control the line switch below a certain stimulus threshold so that that he only has a Zuendimpuis every second picture at the corresponding point in time abqibt. Another possibility is that the Ztendimpulse for certain Image parts are periodically blocked by the fact that these image parts are in corresponding Intervals are fully blacked out. If a brightness regulation of this kind is analogous is applied to color reproduction, a satisfactory image display can be achieved in terms of contrast and color mixing.

An exemplary embodiment of the method described for a single color High score scoreboard is shown in Figure 3.

The same function results for a three-color version, however, three return switches and a color television camera are used.

A quartz stabilized generator (9) controls a ring counter (in) whose number of steps is equal to the number of lines in the display grid (21).

The generator oscillates with the sampling frequency that is less than or equal to 500 kHz. With a switching time of the counter of 0.5 microseconds this results at a pulse frequency of 500 kHz, an imoule duration of 1.5 microseconds in succession at each output of the ring counter. All outputs of this counter are with the corresponding Inputs of the return switch (12) connected. The last stage of the ring counter (10) leads to the input of the second ring counter (11) which has the associated inputs of the column switch (13).

The line switch consists of one corresponding to the number of lines Number of transistor stages with transformer output and low source resistance. Each transistor stage is preceded by an AND gate, its second input the associated output of the contrast regulator (20) is connected. The Einqaenqe of the Contrast controls are on a S? Mmalschiene to the video amplifier (16) TV camera (15) leads.

The column switch consists of one corresponding to the number of columns Number of transistor switches that are analogous to the counter setting the Switch the negative line uno of a column to a collective line. This Sam. Leadership leads to the common base of all output transformers connected to one another on one side of the digit switch whereby the ignition circuit is closed.

In accordance with the invention, each column is written before the following column deleted. This is achieved in a very simple manner in that the column switch of each column with the link switch (14) of the following one Column is connected in a suitable manner so that in turn a ring circuit is formed. The cut-off switch basically consists of one or more switching transistors which are in the positive line of each column. They are activated by the switch-on pulse the previous column blocked for a short time. Ztjsa £ tzltch has the switching transistor three more functions. As a result of the very large load fluctuations in a column in the case of economical design of the assigned power supply device Fluctuations in brightness of the Cluehlampen can arise, the supply voltage must be stabilized. It is also desirable to have current limiting in the load circuit to prevent the sensitive semiconductors from being destroyed in the event of a short circuit in a column to protect. In addition, another safety function is required: !) a simultaneous switching on of all lamps, e.g. at the tear of the scanned If the film cannot be avoided, the supply line may be overloaded (25) come To prevent this, there is a current monitor in the supply line in the event of an emergency, 100% via the safety switch (23) every 2nd column clears that it is blocking the switching transistors in these columns. An a <ustiscbes Signal (26) indicates this state at the same time. When using this safety circuit it makes sense to have two or more adjacent columns from the same power supply to feed there then also an overload of the power supply with security is avoided.

If now the video auctioneer at a certain point in time Gives impulse. the gates of the line switch are activated and those of the respective The counter status of the activated power level gives an ignition pulse to the corresponding one Thyristor.

A television camera is used to input the information The distraction part has been fundamentally changed. Since only a relatively small one A resolution is required1, real vidicons can be used to record images will? The vartical deflection (17) of the camera is controlled so vum that a staircase tension arises which the beam of the picture-taking hearing aid within a step through the Za leads from the upper to the lower screen. Of the Return column is read out by the last pulse from counter (10). Simultaneously the horizontal deflection (18) from the output of the counter (10) 90 is jammed that again with the help of a staircase tension the beam gradually from left to is guided on the right.

This ensures that the original image is analog and synchronous is scanned to the display grid, the jet return from bottom right to left above is triggered by the last pulse of the counter (11).

The scanning of the image and the display grid of New.

To sneak still images, e.g. for alternative programs, the pulse pattern of the television camera in a number of magnetic core memories (19) or Semiconductor memory are written. Such a matrix then contains contains the same number of storage elements as the display grid points and can be read nondestructively resp.

galeescht and re-saved. This is just a write and Reading electronics required.

Since in the nanzen system very simple, in a fixed time There are interrelated impulses, e.g.

by blanking, delaying and shifting pulses purely electronically Similar trick effects can be achieved as in television technology. Just be here some named such as: creation of geometric patterns: moving, Werqroessern, Shrinking and distorting the image; Polarity reversal, blanking out parts of the image as well as a practically unlimited variety of slends.

Scrolling text can be sent to everyone with the help of normal telling impulses any position on the display grid. For this purpose the teletype impulses Recoded in an additional device and via a character generator with shift register entered in the display grid.

In the same way, telegraph pin strips also know X for reproduction used by scripts.

It uses the entire grid to create still images to write only once and then switch off the control electronics.

The saved image is then retained until it is deleted.

During this time, the control electronics can use the "time sharing method" be switched to one or more other display grids.

As a result of the fact that the deletion is always automatic in columns while the new information is being stored, would be in the case of a still image display inevitably one column is always missing. To avoid this, the deletion in this case switched off shortly before the end of the write process the empty column is still written without the following automatically is deleted again.

Claims (11)

Patent claims: X Process for displaying single or multicolored images and / or Signs on a display grid, in particular for advertising and information purposes, characterized in that the light sources used for representation or electromagnetic Display elements in series with at least one thyristor or semiconductor comparable Function are switched which is ignited by impulses, whereby the switch-on state is saved until it is deleted. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the series connection The display element and thyristor are constantly connected to the DC supply voltage and the common supply line of each column or row is only for the purpose of deletion is briefly interrupted, resulting in a significant simplification of the cabling of the grid results. 3. The method according to Ansoruch 2, characterized in that the representation moving pictures or the input of new information is not achieved, that the entire image content is deleted at the same time, but because the Deletion takes place step by step, just before new information is saved one or more columns or rows can be deleted step by step. This will achieves that the switch-on time is the same for all grid points. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at one monochrome display through suitable electronic measures such as periodic Blocking the ignition pulses a brightness control of the display can be achieved. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at one multicolored display through suitable electronic measures such as periodic When the ignition pulse reaches one or two times a color change in the display can be. 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that for the input of the information preferably a black and white or color television camera is used, the deflection part of which has been changed in such a way that it shows the image template in a raster shape scans in rows and columns. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that solid Programs are played back by initially e.g. with the help of the television cameras into a memory matrix of Sneich cores or semiconductor memory elements with the same division as the display grid stored and then read out at any time and into the display grid must be entered. 8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that telex messages directly and at any point on the display panel can be reproduced. For this purpose, the telex typing pulses are recoded and a character generator is used entered into the display grid with the shift register. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that by Suitable measures Luie e.g. blocking, delaying and postponing ignition pulses the appearance of patterns, fades and a variety of trick effects similar to how in television technology can be generated purely electronically. 10. The method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the power supply devices of the columns or rows have one or more switching transistors contained in the common feed line of the column or row and in the normal state are conductive. You will delete the respective column or row by the switch-on pulse the previous column or row locked. At the same time, however, they represent the Laennsreqler who with the help a control voltage stabilizes the output DC voltage of the power supply device or in the event of a short circuit, the current is limited to a permissible level. 11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that in the case the switching on of all display organs at the same time an automatic switching turns off every second column or line for rate limiting. L e r s e i t e