DE2064277A1 - Testing device - Google Patents

Description

DR. JOHAOTTSS HEIDEUHAIIi December 1, 1970

Testing device

The invention relates to a testing device, in particular for determining the single-flank rolling error of gears, Snails or the like.

In known test devices for single-flank rolling testing The gear to be tested is brought into mesh with a master gear by gears. This takes place practically under operating conditions a rolling with single flank contact.

The determination of the single flank rolling error is done by comparing the rotary movements of an exact comparison. same gear with those of the gear pair to be tested. Are comparative variables of the transmission of motion in known cases the rolled path, the angular velocity or the angular acceleration. Known test devices with mechanical comparison drives (e.g. friction gear consisting of a pair of rolling disks) have relatively large measurement uncertainties on. They can therefore only be used to a limited extent for small and very small gears. The measurement uncertainty is in particular to unavoidable intrinsic errors of the master gear as well as intrinsic errors and slippage of the rolling disks traced back. This testing device also has separate gearboxes and gear ratios for different center distances Rolling disks required. This is time-consuming and expensive.

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Also known are single-flank rolling test devices that a stepless adjustment of the mechanical comparison gear for a wide range the number of teeth ratio of a test object allow couple. A known testing device of this type contains two rolling disks, two rolling rulers and a link plate.

However, testing devices with stepless mechanical adjustment are complicated and expensive Comparative transmission, which is also flawed).

Another well-known single-flank rolling tester avoids the aforementioned disadvantage in that instead of a mechanical comparison gear two line grids are attached to the axes of the gear pair to be tested. The line grids are sampled separately by electrical means. The toothing error is thereby caused by Phase comparison of the signals derived from the line grids determined

Testing devices with grids associated with the gear pair are suitable because of the inevitable

"Intrinsic error of the master gear also only bad

for testing small gears "as described in the Precision engineering find use.

From the field of single error measurement on gear teeth • The use of buttons instead of master gears is known. Usually found as a push button Balls, blades and rack teeth usage. In the case of single fault testers with a In many cases, the button does not touch the tooth flank as a master gear would do. For this Basically, the test is not carried out as with the single-flank rolling test under operating conditions »

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This disadvantage is also liable to known individual errors— Test devices in which a button with point contact is coupled to a pulse generator, its pulses compared in an electronic unit with pulses from another pulse generator that is coupled to the gear to be tested.

The object of the invention is to provide a testing device, in particular for determining the single-flank rolling error to create gears that avoids the aforementioned disadvantages of known devices and by a high one, which is also sufficient for small gears Measurement accuracy and is also versatile. The object of the invention is also ^ to enable a quick and, above all, safe inspection of gears under operational conditions.

The invention solves the problem set in a test device, in particular for determining the on- flank - rolling error of gears due to the fact that at least one test tooth that can be moved in a straight line is provided that rolls on the gear to be tested, and that both the test tooth and the too testing gear are coupled to an automatically operating measuring device, and that the signals these measuring devices can be used to determine errors.

The high accuracy achieved with the test device according to the invention is achieved in particular by the combination of automatically operating measuring devices achieved with a test tooth that focuses on simple Way can be produced practically flawlessly.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, 209830/0122

the test tooth and the gear to be tested are coupled to a known digital electrical measuring device, preferably of the photoelectric type. The displaceable test tooth is expediently coupled to a digital length measuring device, the rotatable toothed wheel to be tested with a digital angle measuring device. The error value can be determined from the measured paths of the test tooth and gearwheel and recorded in curve form or printed out using known means .

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, there are automatically operating control devices which cause the following steps in consecutive, repetitive cycles:

a) Moving the test tooth into a tooth gap of the gear to be tested,

b) Shifting the test tooth in a tangential direction to the gear to be tested at least by the amount of the length of engagement,

c) moving the test tooth out of the tooth gap of the gear to be tested,

d) Backward movement of the test tooth in tangen- tial direction to the gear to be tested in its starting position,

e) backward movement of the rotatable gear to be tested by the amount of meshing length minus pitch length.

The aforementioned movements of the test tens and gear are advantageously triggered by one of the measuring devices. The automatically working measuring devices and control devices in the test device enable one high-precision, reliable and fast testing of gears.

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In the test device according to the invention, several test teeth can be used instead of a single tooth Find. In addition to the single-flank generating error, if necessary with the aid of additional devices flank shape errors, pitch circle pitch errors, tooth thickness errors, mesh pitch errors, Runners and others are detected.

Further features of the invention emerge from the description in conjunction with the drawing, in which an embodiment is shown schematically.

It shows

Figure 1 shows a gear testing device according to the invention, " FIG. 2 shows a control and evaluation system for FIG

In the exemplary embodiment, the gear wheel to be tested and the radial grating 11 of a known photoelectric measuring device are firmly connected to a shaft 12. The photoelectric measuring device serves to determine the respective amount of rotation of the gear 10 to be tested. A lamp 15 and a condenser 14 illuminate a section of the radial grating 11 of the measuring device. Objectives 16/17 concentrate the light beams passing through the grating 11 and the grating scanning plate 15 onto downstream photo elements 18/19. The electrical output signals of the photo elements 18/19 are amplified in amplifiers 20/21 (Figure 2) and in Schmitt triggers 22/23 in square-wave signals ^ oo ^ ox ^around S ^e f ° ^ria i ^: '· The signals ^T 22 ^ 23 ^{s -beuern} a known electronic direction discriminator / counter 24 which can be set to zero by pressing a key 44.

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- Ό -

Lie testing of the flanks of the gear 10 is done by means of a tooth 25 in the exemplary embodiment has flat surfaces. The test tooth 25 is adapted to the respective toothing to be tested and is exchangeable mounted on a linearly displaceable carriage 26. The Schüttren 26 also carries a grating part 27 of a known photoelectric Length measuring device. The grid division 27 can by means of a bar 28 to be clamped on the carriage 26. A lighting device (in the exemplary embodiment covered) illuminates the grilles 27/29. Lenses 30/31 collect the grating 27 and fixed grids— Scanning plate 29 penetrating light beams onto photo elements 32/33 · The electrical 'output signals the photo elements 32/33 are in amplifiers 34/35 (Figure 2) amplified and converted into square-wave signals T, g / T, n in Schmitt triggers 36/37. The signals Τ, ^ / Τ ^ η control a known direction discriminator / counter 38, which is set to zero by pressing a button 45 can be.

The outputs 39/40 of the two counters 24/38 are connected to a computer 41 and programmer 46. Above the output 42 of the Rephners 41 is a printer .43 controlled. The programmer 46 sends control commands to the computer 41 via the output 47.

The test tooth 25i that rolls on the gear 10 is by means of the carriage 26 in the tangential direction, by means of the carriage 48 in the radial direction to testing gear 10 displaceable. The displacement of the carriage 26/48 and a rotation of the gear 1Ö is expediently effected by automatically operating control devices 49/50/55. In the exemplary embodiment the programmer 46 gives over the lines 5V52 / 56 ..,

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appropriate. Commands to the control devices 49/50/55. The controller 55 also includes still means for braking and locking the shaft. A division 53 on the frame 54 enables the test tooth 25 to be adjusted to the size of the To be tested gear. 'The division 53 on the frame can of course also be replaced by an automatically working digital measuring system that includes the programmer 46 is in operative connection.

The test device shown in the exemplary embodiment works as follows:

First of all, the test tooth 25 is compared with a tooth gap and then, by adjusting the slide, the mark 57 is assigned to a gearwheel 10 to be tested The value of the division 53 is set so that the test tooth 25 is in the correct starting position. Then the counters 24/58 are set to zero. Setting the test tooth 25 to the respective gear The program generator 46 can of course also initiate the size and zeroing of the counters 24/38 will. After the preparatory work has been completed The parameters corresponding to the gear 10 to be tested are set in the programmer 46. A first order of the programmer 46 then sets the respective desired computing program in the computer 41. After that, the Programmer 46 commands issued to the control devices 49/50/55. The programmer 46 is designed so that the following steps are carried out in consecutive, repeating cycles:

a) Moving the test tooth 25 into a tooth gap des.zu tested gear 10. This is done by a command from the programmer 46 to the Control device 50 which effects a corresponding displacement of the test tooth 25.

b) Moving the test tooth 25 in a tangential manner

209830/0122.

Direction to the gear to be tested 10 around the Length of engagement. This is done by a command from the programmer 46 to the control device 49, which moves the slide 26. The length of engagement can be determined by the measuring device 27/29, which is connected to the programmer 46 via the counter output 40.

c) Extending the test tooth 25 from the tooth gap of the Gear wheel 10 by a command from the programmer 46 to the control device 5O ·

d) Backward movement of the test tooth 25 back into his Starting position. This is done by a command from the programmer 46 to the control device 49.

e) Backward movement of the gear 10 to be tested by the amount of the meshing length minus the pitch length. This amount of rotation of the gear 10 can be determined by the measuring device 11/15, which bvo via the counter output 39. Programmer 46 is connected.

When moving the test tooth 25 in the area of The length of engagement (step b) is determined by the two measuring devices 11/15 and 27/29 determined position values of test tooth 25 and gear 10 via the counter outputs 39/40 entered into the computer 41. The computer 41 calculates the assignments of the two position values corresponding error values of the toothing. The error values can be read on the printer 43 in the form of digits will.

The invention is not restricted to the fact that, as in the exemplary embodiment, defined position values of the Test tooth 25 each time the assigned amount of rotation of the gear 10 driven by the test tooth 25 is fixed.

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will provide. Of course, it can do that too To be tested gear 10 are driven by means of the control device 55. In this case that postpones Gear 10 the meshing test tooth 25 in Range of engagement length. In the shift area of the. Test tooth 25 are then assigned to defined angular positions of the gear 10 to be tested Determined position values of the test tooth 25 and evaluated accordingly.

Instead of the photoelectric measuring devices, capacitive, magnetic, inductive or pneumatic measuring devices are used.

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Claims (8)

DR. JOHANNES HEIDENHAIN December 1, 1970 Claims 1.) j test device in particular to determine the Ein— ^ flank rolling error of gears, worms or the like., Characterized in that at least one linearly displaceable test tooth (25) is provided, which rolls on the gear to be tested (10), and that Both the test tooth (25) and the gear to be tested (10) are coupled to an automatically operating measuring device (11/15 and 27/29), and that the signals from these measuring devices (11/15 and 27/29) are used to determine errors will. 2.) Test device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the test tooth (25) and the gear to be tested (10) with a digital measuring device (II / 15 and 27/29) are coupled. 3.) Test device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that for measuring the paths of the test tooth (25) and gear (1O) digital electrical measuring devices (11/15 and 27/29), preferably photoelectric Art are provided, and that the measured paths of the test tooth (25) and gear (10) to Error detection can be used. 209830/0122 4.) Test device according to claim 1 to 3i, characterized in that that the displaceable test tooth (25) with a digital length measuring device (27/29) and the rotatable gear to be tested (10) is coupled to a digital angle measuring device (11/15) is. 5.) Test device according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that automatically operating control devices (49 and 50) for retracting and extending the test tooth (25) in the radial direction to the gear to be tested (10) and to move the test tooth (25) are provided in a tangential direction to the gear to be tested (1O). 6.) Test device according to claim 5 or a previous one, characterized in that control devices (49/50 and 55) initiate the following steps in the test device in consecutive, repetitive cycles; a) Moving the test tooth (25) into a tooth gap of the gear to be tested (10), b) Shifting the test tooth (25) in a tangential direction to the gear to be tested (1O) at least by the amount of the length of engagement, c) moving the test tooth (25) out of the tooth gap of the gear to be tested (10), d) Backward movement of the test tooth (25) in a tangential direction to the gear to be tested (10) in its starting position, e) backward movement of the rotatable gear to be tested (10) by the amount of meshing length • minus pitch length. . ' ' 209830/0122 - Ί2 - - 7.) Test device according to claim 5 and 6, characterized in that movements of the test tooth (25) and of the gear (10) each from one of the measuring devices (11/15 or 27/29) are triggered. 8.) Test device according to claim 1, characterized in that · that for setting the tooth thickness of the test tooth is composed of two parts. 209830/0122 <91 I 9 S J 9'9Ί ti :, ll.n'il ',;.;, !!,.:! I ΙιιίΙΙϋΙΙΐΜ'ίΙΐίιΙίίιΙΝι Hl ¹ I .,. III.! ..- 1 ,, ν ..,:;., .. ■ .. ■■ ,, ' '. . ', ■■. ■■ ■ ■ ..; .... 'ι ι ί. . ,: Il lllllil! Τ:; ,, 'I γΙΙιιΙιΙιΙΙΙΙιΙ, ιιΪλ Si, »ikillllilllllilililiillii'! Illlilliiiiiliililllllilli! 3 «ilih,; .. .ill