DE2060481A1 - Device for lifting objects sunk in water - Google Patents

Description

Titles device for lifting objects sunken in water

description

The invention relates to a device for lifting objects sunk in bodies of water, in particular ships and plug-in tools, by means of collapsible, inflatable buoyancy bodies, the Tragnetze surrounding them on the sunken object held and - from the surface of the water - are inflatable via a connecting line and an inlet valve each each have a pressure relief valve.

The lifting of objects sunk in water using buoyancy devices is known. According to a first known recovery method of this type, the buoyancy bodies are sunk into the Introduced object from which they displace water in the course of their increase in volume during inflation and so give the desired buoyancy. Since the introduction of the buoyancy in the object bsp. then if it is the wreck of a passenger ship is quite difficult and difficult

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2060A81

The widespread laying of compressed air lines also applies is quite cumbersome, a second recovery process is known become, in which the comparatively much larger buoyancy bodies by means of a supporting net surrounding them on the outside attached to the sunken object. Although here the attachment of the drive body is much easier than with the first method, but adheres to this method as well as all buoyancy bodies that work with compressed air or gas-filled floats Recovery procedure has the following crucial IT disadvantage at"

To the sunken object, which is usually drilled into the bottom of the water or of sand, silt, algae or the like. locked in is, first of all, to be released, a buoyancy force must initially be used that is significantly greater than that Buoyancy is the force necessary to move the object lift at normal rate of climb. As a result, as soon as the object is clear of the ground, it is strong is accelerated and rises rapidly, resulting in a rapid increase in the pressure difference due to the decreasing water pressure

internal air pressure - external water pressure

leads. Since none of the valves used for such purposes (see e.g. DAS 1 120 919) have a sufficiently large flow cross-section possesses, can bring about the .Di, ickausgleichc

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required compressed air snaffle not quickly enough out of the float; be drained or escape, so that the risk of the buoyancy bodies bursting increases steadily. A destruction the float naturally has the consequence that the object immediately sinks again.

Lc is the object of the invention to provide a device for lifting in Creation of submerged objects in the water is that? in the eder! hare of ascent those to bring about the amount of compressed air required for pressure equalization from the Entire bodies can and also escapes completely, so that a destruction of the float by an inadmissible high internal) air pressure is avoided. Starting from a device of the type described at the outset, this task is invented solved by the fact that the outflow cross-section of the pressure relief valve changes in the pressure difference of the internal air pressure minus external pressure directly and automatically, i :: i can be adjusted in the sense of bringing about a pressure equalization.

Due to the adaptability of the outflow cross-section of the pressure relief valve is due to changes in the aforementioned pressure difference it bsr. niCvlicI ;, with an increase in the rate of lift and the faster decrease in the water pressure caused by it, to coarsen the outflow quez 'section, so that a larger amount of compressed air drained and the pressure differential

internal air pressure - external "water pressure

2 09826/0241 ^ o

thereby returning to the desired value by adjusting the valve response pressure a certain measure is brought, this measure is is enough, the pressure relief valve closes. The immediacy of the adaptation ensures that auoh in the case of sudden Changes in the buoyancy speed as bep. after this The object was released from the bottom of the water as a result of the resulting sudden or jerky ascent (= sudden or ruok-like decrease in external water pressure) occurs, the pressure equalization is brought about quickly.

The solution according to the invention ensures the greatest possible safety in two respects ι on the one hand when pulling, on the other hand When ascending the float, any overload and thus a bursting of the float, which could endanger the divers, is avoided. So that the buoyancy bodies do not burst when they are thrown up due to the sudden drop in external pressure, It is recommended, especially at high rates of climb, to attach the floats to the sunken with ropes of different lengths To fasten the object, so that the successive emergence of the buoyancy a reduction of Buoyancy force and thus a decrease in the rate of climb occurs in this very critical phase of the rescue.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the pressure relief valve is designed as a 2-flap valve, its outwardly opening valve flaps - in each case directly - exposed from the outside to the water pressure and from the inside to the air pressure Bind; there are those in the

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And what is more, it is usually light, which is not cheap affects 4 ^ s buoyancy behavior p ^ i of the, float,

In the drawing, two preferred exemplary embodiments are shown Invention shown,

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iig. 1 is a sectional view liinie I -. I in Figure 2 of an inventive he fentils (first 4usführungs, _bei§piel)%

I ¹ Ig. 2 shows a top view of the valve according to FIG. 1, lig. 3 a bottom view 4ee fentiis according to Fig. 1 and

FIG. 4 shows a view of the representation in FIG. 1 and 3, sectional view of a valve according to the invention (second exemplary embodiment),

-7-

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1-3, the valve V consists of an approximately cylindrical valve body 1, which is divided by a circumferential inner flange 2 into an inner and an outer valve chamber 1a and 1b; On the outside of the valve body 1 is the plastic shell of the float 3 bsp. attached by welding.

Two diametrically opposite areas of the inner flange 2 are connected by a web 4 which forms the support f for two semicircular valve flaps 5a and 5b, the are pivotably mounted by means of hinges 6a and 6b. The hinges 6a and 6b are on the inner wall of the valve body 1 arranged diametrically opposite one another in the outer valve chamber 1b, so that the valve flaps 5a and 5b are in the closed position lie in one plane.

On their inside, the valve flaps 5a and 5b are each provided with a fastening eyelet 7a or Jb , in which one end μ of a helical tension spring 8a or 8b is suspended, the other end of the helical tension spring 8a or 8b is in a fastening eyelet "9a or» 9b held, which are attached to a bracket 10, which in turn is held on the upper edge of the valve body 1 and stiffened by means of a bracket 11 mounted in the same way and running at right angles to the bracket 10. In the embodiment shown, the "spring 8b" has a greater tensile force than the spring 8a, so that the valve flap 5a has a lower response pressure than the valve flap 5b, ie it opens before it.

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The Pig. 1 and 4 reveal a circumferential or continuous seal 12 and 13 on the underside of the inner flange 2 and the web 4, which form a one-piece component and against which the valve flaps 5a and 5b or 5a ¹ and 5b ^{1 are} supported in the closed position or are firmly pressed. Of course, the straight sides of the valve flaps 5a and 5b or 5a 'and 5b ¹ facing each other in the closed position can also be provided with a seal.

While the valve flaps 5a and 5b close or release the outlet opening of the valve V, at 14 it is in the inner valve chamber 1a opening inlet opening together with connecting piece 15 is shown. At the nozzle 15 is when filling the float 3 the connecting line leading to the compressed air source - or a branch line of the same - connected.

The embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 4 differs from that shown in Figs. 1-3 only in that the valve flaps 5a ¹ and 5b ^{1 are designed} as hollow bodies. In this embodiment, the valve flaps 5a ¹ and 5b ¹ are therefore under water constantly exposed to a buoyancy force which it tries to return from the open position to the closed position.

The functioning of the valve according to the invention is as follows:

When attaching the support net surrounding the float 3 the buoyant body 3 is still on the sunken object

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deflated. In this state, the web prevents 4> that the water pressure acting from the outside on the valve flaps 5a and 5b this opens inwards and water enters the float 3 penetrates. After the net has been fixed, the Line connected to the source of compressed air is connected to the nozzle 15 and compressed air let into the float 3. Overloading the float 3 is excluded, because when the air pressure prevailing in the float 3 the surrounding water pressure by more than that determined by the dimensioning of the force of the springs 8a, 8b and / or the volumes of the Valve flaps 5a, 5b in connection with the width of the web 4 exceeds the set level, the valve flaps 5a and 5b open automatically and release as much compressed air until the pressure equilibrium is restored, the valve flaps 5a and 5b automatically return to their closed position.

If the sunken object is created by a suction or Overcoming the holding forces of the bottom of the water, for lifting the object at normal climbing speed * released in itself too strong buoyancy force, it is accelerated immediately by this in itself too strong buoyancy force, what to a rapid decrease of the on the valve flaps 5a and 5 *> acting water pressure leads. The resulting considerable change in the pressure difference

internal air pressure - external water pressure

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leads to a sudden onset of complete opening of the Overpressure valve, so that a large amount of compressed air can escape quickly due to the relatively large outflow cross-section that is released and the pressure equilibrium is restored very quickly. In the course of the further ascent, the pressure relief valve must repeatedly, but only needs to open briefly and only partially in order to bring about the pressure equalization to release the required amount of compressed air.

When the float 3 finally reaches the surface of the water, the external pressure decreases considerably, so that a corresponding amount of compressed air is released from the float 3; since the buoyancy force has also been considerably reduced by the emergence of the buoyancy body 3, the buoyancy movement of the sunken object is delayed in its final phase. Destruction of the buoyancy body 3, as occurs again and again in the known recovery processes in this phase, is therefore ruled out.

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Claims (9)

Claims 1. Device for lifting objects sunken in water, especially ships and airplanes, by means of collapsible, inflatable buoyancy bodies, which are held on the sunken object via the surrounding Tragnetze and - from the surface of the water - inflatable via a connecting line and an inlet valve each are and each have a pressure relief valve, characterized in that the outflow cross section of the pressure relief valve changes in the pressure difference internal air pressure; minus external water pressure directly, automatically, in the sense of bringing about a pressure equalization is adaptable. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the overpressure valve is designed as a 2-flap valve whose outwardly opening valve flaps (5a, 5b or 5a ', 5b') % - each directly -'from the outside of the water pressure and from are exposed to air pressure inside. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the valve flaps (5a, 5b or 5a ', 5b') lying in the closed position in one plane by means of hinges (6a, 6b) arranged diametrically opposite one another on the valve body (1) scl: vv'ez: kbe \ v2g are stored.
.j ¹ -12- 20982 6/0241 4. Device according to claims 2 and 3 » characterized in that the valve flaps (5a, 5b or 5a ¹ , 5b ·) are held in their closed position by means of spring force. 5. Device according to claims 2-4, characterized gekennzeic HNET that the Yentilklappen (5a ^1, 5b ¹⁾ are formed as a hollow body ο P 6. Device according to at least one of claims 2-5 » characterized in that the response pressure of the valve flaps (5a, 5b or 5a ¹ , 5b ') is different. 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the springs holding the valve flaps (5a, 5b or 5a ', 5b ¹ ) in the closed position are designed as tension springs (8a, 8b) of different strengths. 8. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the volumes of the valve flaps (5a ¹ , 5b ¹ ) and thus their lift forces are different « 9. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a preferably cross-shaped support (4) for the valve flaps (5a, 5b or 5a ¹ , 5b ¹ ) is arranged in the outflow cross section of the pressure relief valve. -13- 209826/0241 Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve body (1) is made of aluminum. 209826/024