DE2060191A1 - Method and arrangement for the presentation of information in a gas-filled display panel - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for displaying information in a Gas-filled display field with coordinate conductors whose intersections are gas cells correspond, which .by electrical signals on the coordinate lines can be selectively excited to glow.

Exceeds by investeai veto j, to zrvtfei Sation des Gäsl & s aiÄ L & üähten äßgefegt

• i; j ·, - *. · ■■ üat,.

Light states generates ^ the iif

If the lines are desirable i and LÖ8öhen _r holding pulse seti :) Ubef gang s part, to adjacent. Ze

friction signals, the difference of which is the ignition voltage of the gas coordinate conductors crossing a cell can be formed by Ioni »

^ fden, To maintain the

rt terminated cells will be © in a hold signal above the lines Ignition voltage, but practice? the holding voltage.

editions are very close to one another, which is actually

even for the seniors, that heals when you push feeitefis Sd: a change of state (and also with the namely up to calming down or w, stabilization

the ionization state of a cell is unintentional

can pass *

ORIGINAL INSPECTED

November 30, 1970

20.00131

* ~ Lj ~

It is the object of the invention to provide a gas discharge display panel, in which these disadvantages of the undesired influencing of gas discharge cells by ignited neighboring gas discharge cells do not occur. In addition, the use of not completely uniform display fields should also be possible.

This object is achieved in that to change the state of a Cell each of the two coordinate lines to which the selected cell is located, a control signal is superimposed, and that each of the others Coordinate lines a counter signal is superimposed, which the control signal is opposite to the coordinate direction in question.

According to a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, it is advantageous that the control signals and the counter signals for each coordinate direction superimposed on a stop signal.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if for writing, i.e. for igniting a cell, the control signals to be superimposed on the hold signals and Counter signals are measured in such a way that there is a Increase of the holding voltage up to at least the ignition voltage for the half-selected cells essentially no change, and in the non-selected cells result in a reduction in the holding voltage *

In the case of the gas-filled input fields, a driver is normally required for each coordinate line. This requires a large number of circuits with a relatively low power output, B * for the execution that the integrated * ¹ switching technology is not advantageous

It is therefore also the task of the discovery to avoid an air discharge create, when performing the process according to the invention this

ORIGINALiNSPECTED Docket Ki 9-69-004

109826/1041

30th

1970

Disadvantages do not occur.

This object is achieved in that for each of the coordinate directions a main driver circuit is provided that connects to two driver lines two different driver signals can be generated, and that a switch device is provided as a line driver for each of the coordinate lines which is connected to the two driver lines of the associated main driver circuit and each one of the two driver signals switches through to the assigned coordinate line.

According to a further embodiment, it is advantageously provided to provide a selection circuit for both coordinate directions, which can influence the associated line driver so that each one the The driver signal from one of the two driver lines switches through, while all the others switch through the driver signal from the other driver line.

An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to drawings described. The drawings show:

a fiction, contemporary arrangement with a gas-filled display panel for information display:

Fig. 2A circuit details of some in Fig. 1 in block form

and FIG. 2b shows functional units;

Waveforms to explain the hold operation;

Signal forms to explain the write op er ation;

Waveforms to explain the delete operation.

Docket KI 9-69-004

3 8 2 6V 1 (H?

BATH ORIGINAL

November 00 , 1970

Description of the embodiment.

The gas discharge display panel 10 has horizontal lines on one side (top) Hl to HN, and on the other side (below) vertical lines Vl to VN. The display panel 10 contains within a sealed housing a gas that can be made to glow. Zones in the vicinity of coordinate intersections of the vertical and horizontal Lines define gas cells. The gas cells are selectively ignited - in a so-called write operation - that a potential is applied to a horizontal line and a different potential to a vertical line, so that the potential

Docket KI 9-69-004

109826/1042

differVnz over the selected cell the ignition voltage of the luminous gas exceeds. Each gas cell is after it once ignited, by a periodic stop signal in your ignited Held up. The illegal level is lower * than the ignition voltage. Each of the ignited cells can be erased in a so-called erase operation in the following way: First, the potential difference reduced to zero above the cell; then an impulse with a certain Erase amplitude and applied with a polarity which is opposite to the last IIaltelimpuls; last will be the Zero voltage for a set period of time after the release pulse maintained. Through selective write operations, information in the form of characters, symbols, lines and the like on the Display panel 10 can be displayed, and such information can be through Hold signals are regenerated as long as this is · desired. The information to be displayed can then be deleted by means of delete operations can be selectively removed.

Lines H and 12 are arranged as shown in FIG. 1 by four Define pilot cells 1 * 1 to P4. The pilot cells are initially ignited, and they remain during the entire duration of the use of the display panel 10 for visual information display in the ignited State. The pilot cells ionize the luminous gas in the four

.KH) -09-004 - [χ - · ·.

"t0982fi / 10A? SADPRlGtNAL

Corners of the display panel 10; this enables an equal measure. '■ Operation when the other gas cells are ignited. The potential PlI on of the line 11 and the potential PV on the line 12 generate a potential difference which is used to ignite and hold the pilot rollers Pl Ms P4 Sufficient during the entire operation of the display field 10.

The line drivers 21 to 24 supply potential signals to the relevant horizontal lines H1 to UN. An horizontal selection circuit 25 supplies a signal of a given polarity on each of the lines 26 to 29, thereby selecting one of the line drivers 21 to 24 for a write or an erase operation. A Ilaltetreiber 30 provides driving signals to a manifold 31 and a manifold 32 7, for controlling the line driver 21 to 24. An input Grumlsignäl ^s is given on a line 33 for Ilaltetreiber 30th [

The line st x'eiber 51 to 54 supply potential signals to the relevant Vertical lines Vl to VN. A vertical count r> 5 provides a signal of a given polarity on each of lines 5-6 to 59, in order to use one of the line drivers u3 to 51 for a write or select delete operation. An illegal driver GO supplies drive signals on a collecting line 01 and a collecting line (> 2 to the Line driver 51 to 54. The Iialte driver 60 receives an input · Basic signa] on a line 03.

BATH ORIGINAL

KH). Ci) -OO-I ■ "■■". "".> ■ 1098 2-6 (/ 1042

The keeper. 30 and the IMet driver 60 receive control signals from an erase and write control circuit 70 whenever an erase or write operation is performed. At all other times Hold driver 30 and hold driver 60 cause illegal operations as a result of the control signals on the input lines 33 and 63. For the purpose of performing write and erase operations the erase and write control circuit 70 control signals on the lines through 86. Lines 81 through 84 receive active signals for execution a write operation, and lines 81, 82, 85 and 86 received Active signals for executing an erase operation. The control signals applied to lines 13 through 86 during the write and erase operations are detailed below with reference to Figures 3, ' 4 and 5 discussed.

Reference is now made to _{FIGS. 2A and 2B 1} which illustrate in detail the hold driver 30, the hold driver 60, the erase and write control circuit 70, and the line drivers shown in block form in FIG. The FIGS. 2A and 2B are to be arranged as shown in Fig. 2C. Lines 81 and 82 in Figure 2A are connected to the bases of transistors 101 and 102, respectively. The resistors 103 and 104 are arranged between the lines 81 and 82 and potential sources. The collector electrodes of the

KI9-69-004 ^; '- 7 - ^;; . .

10 9826/1042 ^ ₀ ; origin *.

Transistors 101 and H) Ii are connected to opposite ends of a UVN] 'primary winding 105, de.j-en .YlJUelanzapfung is vei'hunden with a Polentialquelle. The primary winding 105 is inductively coupled to the secondary windings 107 and 108 by a magnetic core 106. A resistor 100 is located between the P3 center of the transistors 101 and 102.

• The control line 83 in Fig. 2Λ is through a resistor 121 with connected to the base of a transistor 122. The collector of one

^ Transistor 123 is connected through a resistor 124 to the emitter of the

Transistor 122 connected. The Sieuorleitung 84 is with the base of the Transistor 123 connected, and a resistor 125 connects the Basi.s. of the transistor 123 with a polarity source. The control line 83 is at a fixed but adjustable potential (from 0 to G V) to control the amplitude of the write pulses. When transistor 123 When switched on by a signal on control line 84, transistor 122 is switched on and by the potential on line 83

^ controlled as a power source. The strength of the stream is determined by the

The amount of the positive potential on the control line 83 is determined. the Transistors 122 and 123 are driven into the conductive state each time a write operation is to be performed. Whenever Both transistors 122 and 123 become conductive, they serve as a controlled current source and as a Sehaller that tap on the variable Resistor 109 connects to earth.

BATH ORIGINAL

co-po4 - 1 098 26V yU?

The ο Steuerle Rung en 85 and ΓΗ) in Fig. 2Λ received during a Löseluiperation .Control signals that simultaneously the transistors ISl And drive 132 into the conductive state. The control line B5 is connected to the base of the transistor 131 through a resistor 133. Control line 8G goes to the base of transistor 132. The base of the transistor 132 is connected to a potential source through a resistor I'M. A resistor 135 is connected to the emitter of the transistor 131 and the collector of transistor 132 connected. Every time one Erase operation takes place, the control line 86 is energized to the To energize transistors 131 and 132 simultaneously; they then serve as an adjustable current source and as a switch that connects the variable tap on resistor 109-to ground.

Next, the holding driver 30 is shown in FIGS. 2A. and 2B discussed. An impulse train, called SII-Grundsignai, on the control line 33 actuated clan TraneJslor 141; whose initial signal drives:

1. the transistor 142 to drive signals on line 11 to the

i '<

& wake up . give ^v ince to effect the firing of Pilotzfellbn and maintain, and

2. The transistor 143, connected to the center tap of the secondary winding 107 ^ for the purpose of providing output signal pit on the output lines 31 and 32, whereby the line drivers 21 to 24 in FIG _. 2B are operated.

Kin-BO-OM 1O882 »7fO4ä

'■: SAD

10 2000191

Die, SIcULM ¹ UMtIIn! ¹ \\ 'λ in Kig. '.'. A is connected by a \\ ( '· ■ ·] <reis in :: (In · lias is of transistor 141.]) c: i' IiC-Ki- (M .; contains (M'nen Resistor 144 and a capacitor IAh. The Sieuerleü in; ·; '.' · '.)' Is connected to a potential source through resistors 14β and 147. The collector of transistor 141 is connected to a resistor {-I- 1 (> 1 to the base of the transistor 142, and the emitter of the transistor 1-Ki is connected to earth through a resistor | -I- 162. A diode 1 (i: ^j . Is between the emitter and the base of the transistor 142. The emitter of transistor 142 is connected to the Ilori / .ontal driver line , the horizontal driver voltage for the pilot cells P1-P4] it; fert.

The collector of the Ti-ansistor Hl in Fig. 2A is through the resistors 171 and 172 are connected to a potential source, rather the resistor 171 is a Zener diode 173. A resistor 174 is connected between the base of transistor 143 and the connection point of the ' Resistors 171 and 172. The emitter of transistor 143 is through a resistor 175 connected to earth, and the emitter is connected also at the center of the secondary winding 107. One Diode 176 is between your emitter and the base of the transistor tied together. The collector of transistor 143 is connected to a potential source tied together.

BATH ORIGINAL
KI9-GÜ-004 - 10 -

109826/1045

A series connection of a diode 181 and a resistor 182 is connected across the lower half of the secondary winding 107, and a series connection of a resistor 183 and a diode 184 is over the upper half of the secondary winding 107. The upper end of the secondary winding 107 is through a diode 185 and a resistor 18G connected to the base electrodes of transistors 187 and 188 (FIG. 2B). A pair of transistors 189 and 190 have their base electrodes connected through a resistor 191 and a diode 192 at the lower end of the secondary winding 107. The Resistors 193 and 194 are connected in parallel with capacitors 195 and 19G as shown .. A train of pulses, referred to as the SV base signal on line G3 in Figure 2A, drives transistor 241, the output of which drives: 1. the transistor 242 to give drive signals to the vertical driver line 12 for the pilot cells P1 to P4 (Fig. 1), and 2. den'Transistor 243 to output signals to give the buses 61 and 62 and thereby operate the line drivers 51 to 54 in FIG. 2B.

Line G3 in Fig. 2A is connected to transistor base 241 through an RC circuit. The HC circuit includes a resistor 244 and a capacitor 245. Line G3 is through resistors 24G and 247 connected to a potential source. The collector of the

KJ9-G9-0.04 -.11- '

109826/104 2

BATH ORIGINAL

Transistor 241 is through an AVidorstaiid 2Gl with the base of transistor 242 connected. The emitter of transistor 242 is connected to ground through a resistor 2G2. A diode 2G3 lies between the base and the emitter of the transistor 242. The emitter of the transistor 242 is connected to the driver line 12-, and the collector is connected to a potential source.

The collector of transistor 241 is through resistors 271 and connected to a source of potential. A zener diode 273 is across the resistor 271. A resistor 274 is between the base of the Transistor 243 and the common connection of resistors and 272 connected. Resistor 275 is between the emitter of transistor 243 and ground. A diode 27G is located between dom Emitter and the base of transistor 243. The emitter of transistor 243 is connected to the center tap of secondary winding 108, and the collector is connected to a potential source.

A series circuit of diode 281 and resistor 282 is across the lower half of secondary winding 10B, and a series circuit of resistor 283 and diode 284 is across the top half of secondary winding 108. Diode ¹ 285 and resistor 28G are connected in series with the bases of transistors 287 and 288 (Fig. 2B). Transistors 289 and 290 are grounded

QAD ORIGINAL

J ^ '' - fii'-ofM- ■■ ■■ · ■ 1098 26 / -1i04 2

Base electrodes through a resistor 291 and a diode 292 at the lower end of the secondary winding 11) 8. The resistors 293 and 294 'are in _i parallel with the capacitors 295 and 290 connected,' as shown.

Reference is next made to FIG. 2B which illustrates the line drivers 21-24 shown in block form in FIG are. Line drivers 21 and 24 are shown in greater detail in FIG. 2B. The line driver 21 includes a transistor 321; a constant current diode 322 is between your collector and the driver line The emitter of transistor 321 is connected to driver line 32. The

• Ί · '· ■'.

Base of transistor 321 eats through line 2G with the horizontal selector circuit 25 (Fig. 1}. A resistor 323 is /, wipe the base of the transistor 321 and the drive line 32. The driver line Hl is connected to the collector of the transistor 321. Line driver 24 in Figure 2B is in construction identical to d-erfct line driver 21, and the same reference numbers are used with an accented letter "a" to denote corresponding

■ ■■ ■ ^{: i} . ^ -Τ. / Ϊ́ "■■■ - ■ '■.: ■■ - .;, ·,.". ■■. ..; ■■■

Parts to be marked $ cto <en. "

Figure 2B also illustrates vertical line drivers 51-54, the are shown in block form in FIG. The line drivers 51 and 54 are shown in more detail. The line driver 51 includes a translator 331. Tier.Emitter cjofä transistor ** 331 is connected to the driver line 02 vcü * -

ßAD

bound, and the collector of the Transi.stors.331 is represented by a constant current diode 332 is connected to the driver line Gl. The collector of 331 is also connected to the driver line Vl. The basis of the Transistor 331 is through line 56 to the vertical selection circuit 55 (Fig. 1) connected. A resistor 333 (Fig, 2B) lies between the Base of transistor 331 and drive line 62. The vertical line driver 54 is identical in construction to the vertical line driver 51 and like reference numbers followed by the letter "a" are used to denote corresponding parts.

The device according to FIG. 1 is used to display on the display panel 10 Map information in the form of letters, numbers and characters of any desired configuration. The information will written on the display panel by having a selected pattern is ignited by gas cells. The potential difference applied across the selected cells exceeds the ignition voltage for a sclu-eiboperalion. Once the information has been written, the cells in question are kept in the ignited state by holding signals that are sent to all Horizontal and vertical lines are created. The hold signals on the horizontal and vertical lines create a potential difference between such lines, which is smaller than the ignition voltage, but greater than the holding voltage. Information becomes

ßAD ORIGINAL

109826/1042

KI9- (U) -004 - 14 -

cleared by the fact that the potential is different over a chosen one Cell for a certain time interval below the old voltage is reduced. This time interval depends on the gas or gas mixture ab, dar, is used in the display panel; later that will Stop signal reapplied to thereby all gas cells, with the exception the extinguished gas cell to re-ignite. Next the operation of the apparatus of FIG. 1 is discussed.

Keep.

The holding operations will be described first. For this purpose, reference is made to FIGS. I ₁ 2A and 2B for the circuits, and on Fig. 3 for the waveforms. The basic SH signal on line 33 in FIG. 2A is a square wave signal as shown in FIG. 3A. The SII basic signal on line 3.3 is inverted by transistor 141. The inverted SH basic signal experiences a current gain in transistor 142, which is connected as an emitter follower; the output signal is on line 11 to the pilot cells P1 to IM. (Fig. 1) supplied. The inverted SH basic signal also experiences a current amplification, namely in the transistor 143, which is switched as an output success, and is then switched on through the medium tap, the secondary winding 107 and through the resistor KU. the Basier

BATH

KJ 9- Ci 9 -004 '"A-

electrodes of the Transi.storeiii) aare.s 187 and 188 supplied, the serves as a complementary pair of successors. The output on bus 31, labeled SII +, is supplied to line drivers 21 to 24 (Fig. 2B). This signal SH + is illustrated in Figure 3C. The one at the center tap of the Signals supplied to secondary winding 107 are also supplied through resistor 191 to the base of transistors 189 and 190, which are also connected as a pair of complementary emitter followers. The output signal from transistors 189 and 190 occurs The bus 32, labeled SH, is sent to the line driver 21 to 24 delivered. This signal has the same amplitude and polarity as the SH + signal on bus 31. The SH signal is in Fig. 3B shown.

The signals SII + and SII on the buses 31 and 32 are on the collector and emitter electrodes of transistors 321 and 321a

. (Fig. 2B). The signal SlI + is generated by the constant current diodes 322 and 322a to the collector electrodes of the transistors 321 and 321a supplied. For a holding operation it is not necessary that the horizontal selection circuit 25 (Fig. 1) a selection signal on one of the Lines 20 to 29 to one of the line fit drivers 21 to 24 supplies. However, when this happens, there is no harm in it for the reasons set out below

BATH ORIGINAL

■■ · - 10 ^ 826/1042

Kin - (. H-oo-i.. In _ ■ '■ "

20S0191

be set out. If Gegenwählsignale on lines 2G to 29 (Fig. 1) are supplied, they have a given horses G, which is sufficiently more positive than the SFI "signal to make conducting the transistors in the drivers 26 to 29. As a result, transistors 321 and 321a (FIG. 2B) conduct, and the signals on lines H1 through HN have a polarity and amplitude equal to the SU signal on bus 32. Conversely, when transistors 321 and 321a are off, they have Signals on lines III to ΪΙΧ have the same polarity and amplitude as signal SIl +, with the exception of a slight voltage drop in constant current diodes 322 and 322a. It can therefore be seen that - as indicated above - it has no consequences for the HaHeope ration whether the transistors in the drivers 21 to are switched on or off, i. h, selected or not selected by the horizontal selection circuit. The supply of the lines H2 and iI3: (FIG. 1) with hold signals is seen through the assigned line drivers 22 and 23, the hold signal supplied on the horizontal lines H1 to HX is illustrated in FIG. The consideration also shows that »* the waveform Jm Fig. 3ίϊ is equal to that of the Fig, W by * W.

K19-69-004

ßAD

The SV-Grün · lsi gn.'il j si a lieclileckwellen / .ug applied to the newspaper 03 (Fig. 2Λ), as illustrated in Fig. 3E. The SV basic signal] is identical to the SII-CIrU) IdSJgDaIj with the exception that the SV basic signal lags behind the SII basic signal] by 00 in the IMia.se. ^: - The SV basic signal is inverted by transistor 24,1. The inverted output signal from transistor 241 results in current amplification in transistor 242, which is connected as an emitter follower, and its output signal is supplied on line 12 to the pilot cells .Pl to IM (Fig. 1). The inverted output signal from transistor 241 is also supplied to the base of transistor 243, which is also connected as an emitter follower to effect current amplification. The output of transistor 243 is connected through the resistor 286 to the base electrodes of transistors 287 and 288 (FIG. 2B), which are connected as a pair of complementary emitter followers, via the alliance tap of secondary winding 108. The output signal SV from transistors 287 and 288 on bus Gl forms a square waveform as shown in Fig. 3F. The output signal voiri transistor 243 (Fig. 2A) is fed via the Mitlanzapfung of the secondary winding 108 through the resistor 291 to the base electrode of the transistors 289 and 200, which also-as a complementary. Pair of emitter followers are connected. The output signal SV- from transistors 289 and 290 on the collective

BAD ORfGtNAL KIO-60- OÜt - 18 -

109826/104?

line * 62 is a Heehleekwave train as illustrated in Fig. 3G. Have the SV and SV- signals on buses 61 and G2 same amplitude and polarity, as can be easily seen by looking at Figures 3F and 3G. The signal SV on line f! L (Fig. 2B) is connected to the reflector electrodes through the constant current diodes 332 and 332a the. Transistors 331 and 331a supplied. The signal SV- on line 62 is applied to the emitter electrodes of transistors 331 and 331a given. For a hold operation it "does not matter whether the Vertical select circuit 55 (FIG. 1) provides a select signal on one of lines 56 through 5-9 to one of line drivers 51 through 54. If a Select signal is supplied to one of the line drivers 51 to 54 is this has no consequences for the Ilalteoperatkm for the reasons indicated above. It is assumed that counter-dialing signals have been issued. Such Opposite signals on lines 56 through 59 drive transistors 331 and 331a to the non-conductive or OFF state. For this purpose the signal levels on lines 56 to 59 can have the same amplitude and polarity-have like the signal SV- on the * bus 62. The Transistors 331 and 331a wex-den accordingly during a hold operation controlled to the OFF state, and the signals to the Lines Vl to VN are essentially polarity and amplitude with the signal, SV on the bus 61 identical, except a slight drop in potential due to the constant current diodes 33'2'ünd; '.;

KIO- 69.- 004 -19-

103826/1042

332a. The signals on lines Vl and YN are a square wave train, as illustrated in FIG. 311. Stop signals from ' identical polarity and amplitude are applied to the vertical lines V2 and Y3 by the line drivers 52 and 53 (FIG. 1).

The potential difference between the horizontal lines H1 to HN and the vertical lines V1 to VN at each coordinate intersection of the display field 10 must exceed the level for the gas or gas mixture used. Result, the potential on each Ilorizontalleitung and the potential on each vertical line taken together an alternating P _o tentialdifferenz at each coordinate point of intersection of the display panel, and achieves this potential difference exceeds the Ilaltespannung • or of the gas or gas mixture used.

The potential on each of the horizontal lines 111. . .1IN is a square wave train as illustrated in FIG. "3D, and the potential on each of the vertical lines Vl... VN is a square wave train as shown in FIG. 311. as illustrated in Fig. 31. The waveform of Fig. 31 is obtained by subtracting dvr waveform 311 from waveform 3D. The JJaltepege.1 is indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 31. The Roehteek waves in

BAD ORKatNAL

KI9-G9-004 - 20 -

10 982R / 1042

Fig. 31 surpass the hold level on both the positive and on the negative side. Any of the positive or negative excursions is sufficient to keep all previously ignited cells in the to keep it glowing. However, the positives and negatives will suffice Displacements are not designed to ignite any cell that was previously was in the non-luminous state.

To write,

Next, a write operation will be described. The waveforms s of FIG. 4 are useful in explaining what goes on in the circuits of FIGS. 1, 2A and 2B play during: a write operation. For a writing operation, the frequency of the SII basic signal and the SV basic signal is reduced significantly below the frequency which these signals have during an illegal operation. In an arrangement according to this invention was in Λη / .igesefeld

a gas concentration of oil, 9% neon and 0.1% argon is used. The frequency used for the SH basic signal and the SV basic signal was 30 kHz? for holding operations. The frequency of the SH basic signal and the SV basic signal κ was reduced to 15 kHz for a visual writing operation. All ignited cells are held at all times.

109 8 2 "6 ² / f 0 4 2

0AD

operations carried out, even during the series operations, but not if one of the inflamed cells is used for a lusehoperatiqn is chosen. The SII and SV basic signals provide Tension AYellenforinen to the cells of the display field 10, the during a write operation an IlaHeoperation at all before ignited cells while a selected dark, non-luminous cell is ignited.

W The leading edge of a square wave potential difference, applied

over a previously ignited gas cell, performs an ileal operation. The leading edge of the square wave must necessarily rise to an amplitude at least as great as the uci ' Ilaltc signal level of the gas cell, and it is desirable that the write operation take place at a later point in time. This time delay allows the plasma discharge activity in the reignited gas cells to subside, and visual rubbing surgery can occur

W then with the lowest disturbance of neighboring darker, non-luminous ones

Cells take place. For this reason, the writing operaiiou timed so that they are towards the end of a square wave signal takes place, which is applied to the selected cell. The reduction the frequency of the basic SII and SV signals during a write operation happens for the purpose of extending the time period

BAD ORiGfNAL KIiI HiJ-OCl-I - 22 -

109826/1042

between dor Yordorö.anke a Rechtweckwelleninipiilses, dor a Ilallefuiiklion effected and which causes the later part of the InIpUlK ⁽¹ B, the write function. The ignited gas cells have to calm the tendency to about 4 to 8 microseconds after a holding operation, the For the gas mixing mentioned above, a frequency of 30 kHz is appropriate for the SII basic signal and the SV basic signal for performing the hold operations, and a frequency of 15 kHz is appropriate for the write operation the lower frequency results in the required time difference between the leading edge of the square wave potential difference and the later part near the trailing edge.

In Fig. 4C, the SH basic signal is shown for a write operation, which is applied to line 33 (Fig. 2A), Alan looks from the Drawing without further ado that the pulses are twice as wide as at the SH basic signal shown in Fig. 3Λ. The SH-G3 'and signal on the Line 33 causes the corresponding inverted signals SH (Fig. 4D) and SlIf (Fig. 4K) on lines 31 and 32 (Fig. 2B), such as explained above. During a write operation, one of the line drivers 21 to 24 is selected, and the rest. Become a line driver not chosen ("gogt-nelected"). The chosen leader will be

KI9-69-004 - ■ '■■ - 23 -'

10 9826/104 2

8Ät> ORMSfNAl

controlled to the OFF state, and the unselected line drivers are controlled in the EIX state. To this end the selected line driver receives a signal on the assigned of lines 2G to 29 from the horizontal selection circuit 2 |>, whose The amplitude is at most as large as that of the signal SII on the Bus 32. Receive the unselected line drivers on the assigned of the lines 20 to 29 signals that are relative to the Signal SH on bus 32 are positive.

If the conductive driver 21 (FIG. 2B) is selected, it receives a signal on the line 26, the amplitude of which is at most as large as that of the signal SH on the bus 32. The transistor 321 is then blocked (non-conductive). In this case, three line drivers 22 to 24 are not selected (counter-selected). The line driver 24 z. 13. (Fig. 2B) accordingly receives a signal on line 29 which is more positive than signal SII on bus 32, and transistor 321a is driven into the EIX state. The corresponding transistors in the line drivers 22 and 23 are also driven to the ON state. Since the transistor 321 of the selected line driver 21 is switched off, the waveform of the signal on the selected line Hl follows the waveform of the signal SIH- on the bus 31 (with the exception of a small voltage drop over

BATH ORIGINAL

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109826/1042

the Konstantstem diode 322). The waveform of the signal

on the selected foS line Hl is shown in Fig. 4F. The signal is on each of the unselected horizontal driver solutions

illustrated in Figure 4G. "With the line driver not selected . (Fig. 2B) the following applies: The transistor 321a is conductive, and that

The signal on the unselected line HN follows the waveform of the Signals SII on bus 32.

■ The'SV basic signal on line "63 (Fig. 2A) is illustrated in Fig. 4H. The S _- V basic signal is identical to the SII basic signal, except that the SV basic signal is identical to the SII basic signal
lags by 90; The SV basic signal causes the SV and SV- signals on the respective buses 61 and 62 (Fig. 2B); the reasons for this have been explained above. The waveform of the signal SV is inclined in Fig. 4J, while the waveform of the signal SV- is shown in Fig. 4J.

For a Schreijjibpe ration one of the vertical line drivers 51 - ι '% i -

• " if
■ bis, 54 aUKge \ YiiEfli '>, and the rest of these leading drivers are not selected ^:. (G ^ gengewähU). The dial and counter dial signals! are gcliofi'il by the Vertiliafw & hlkreis 55 (Fig. 1) on the lines 50 to 5'J. The Transr.lni · I tr j rooted \ 'vt likalkilufu',;,! in sequence Είλ '~)>·:; (hiiltfL and dii: Transisloj cn in the non- tM-wühH'-i »Lt-

'.i "i'ibfrn wi-rdeti AU," ·} u -. ;; i lialtol. How only, I-'jg. 21! to cniflicn, will

109826/1042

SADORiGlNAL

20SD191 H

dei "ELX transistor 331 turned ON when dor Leiiiingst driver Γ is chosen> 1 For this purpose, the selection signal is made on line DVV OEO positive than the signal SV-- on the bus 62. The waveform of the signal on the selected line Vl. follows the waveform of signal SV- on bus (J2, since transistor 331 is conducting. This waveform is illustrated in Figure 4K. The waveform of the signal on unselected vertical lines Y2 through V4 is illustrated in Figure 4L; it is identical to the waveform of the signal SV on the bus Gl (with the exception of a small voltage drop due to the associated constant current diodes), because the transistors concerned (e.g. transistor 331a in line driver 54) are blocked.

For a write write operation, the erase and write control circuit receives 70 (Fig. 2A) a positive signal, referred to as "Schrcibamplitude", on the. Line 83, increasing the strength of a constant Current generated by transistor 122 is determined. A positive signal, referred to as a "write sounder", is sent to the Line 84 applied to drive transistor 123 conductive. When transistor 123 is conductive, so is transistor conductive. If the transistors 122 and 123 are conductive, the circuit is vmrder Mitlelauzapfung the resistor 100 after Frde gc-

SAD ORIGINAL

_{KliMJiMU): 1} 109826, (1042

closed. A positive Α pulse, shown in FIGS. 4–4A, is applied to line 81. The positive A-pulse on the line 81 drives the transistor 101 into the conductive state, and current flows from the voltage source connected to the center tap of the primary winding 105 through the upper half of the primary winding 105, the transistor 101, through the resistor Ϊ09 to the center tap , and then through transistor 122, resistor 124, and transistor 123 to ground. The magnitude of the current in the upper half of the primary winding 105 is controlled by the current source transistor 122. This controlled current pulse induces an initial pulse signal in the secondary windings 107 and 103. The signal induced in the secondary winding is algebraically added to the inverted SH basic signal which is supplied to the center tap of the secondary winding 107. This algebraically added pulse causes the top of secondary 107 to become more positive than the center and bottom of secondary 107. Diode 185 conducts the composite signal through resistor 18G to the base of transistors and 188. This composite signal then becomes SH + lapped to the Sanimel rail 31; it is illustrated in Fig. 4E. Since the lower end of the winding 107 negäliy; controlled λγίΐ-d, the diode 192 conducts ^; a composite signal ^ through the resistor 191 to the base

KI9-69-004 - 27 -

109826/1042

BATH

of transistors 189 and 190 (Fig. 2B). This composite signal SU is then placed on bus 32; it is shown in Figure AD . Since the selected horizontal line has a waveform that follows the waveform of the signal SIH- on bus 31, the effect of the algebraically added pulse orders ditrin to increase the signal on the selected horizontal line in a positive direction. This is illustrated in Figure 4F. The waveform of the signal on the non-selected Horizontalleitungea follows the waveform of the signal SH on the bus 32, and the effect of the algebraically added pulse is the signal on the non-selected horizontal line s in a negative direction to \ ^r crmindern. This is illustrated in Figure 4G.

The A-Imj) iils on the line 81 in FIG. 2Λ causes a signal to be induced in the secondary winding 108, the polarity of which is positive at the upper end of the winding 108, while it is negative at the lower end. The induced positive signal at the upper end of the secondary winding 108, algebraically added to the inverted SV-Grundsigmil applied to the center tap dv.r secondary winding 108, is indicated by the diode 28.5 {Fig. 2Λ) and through the contradiction 28G to the llasis of tranaistors 28? and 288 (Fig. 213). Diefcc; composite signal SV Iieg1 then on the collecting line (> 1 before .. Since the SY - flr'mdsi ^ ual is negative at this point in time, <.l · r induce! ο positive impulse shifts the SV waveform briefly into positive right, like in Fif>. Ai jiO7.fi »t. BAD ORIGINAL

.109826 / 104?

I \ 3 i

The induced negative signal on the lower elide dor secondary winding 108, algebraically added to the inverted SV basic signal which is applied to the center tap of the secondary winding 108, is applied to the base by means of the diode 232 through the resistor 291 as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B of transistors 289 (and 290. This composite signal SY- is then passed onto bus Ci2; the result is that the signal on bus 02 is briefly made more negative as illustrated in Pig, 4J. The waveform of the potential on the selected Vertical line is shown in Fig. 4K; it follows the waveform of the signal SV- as explained above. As a result, the effect of the induced negative pulse is to drive the selected vertical line more negative, as shown in Fig. 4K. The waveform of the signals on the unselected vertical lines follows the waveform of the signal SY on the collecting line Gl, as explained above lenform is iia Fig. 4 | shown _A and the effect of the induced positive impulse lies in the fact that e6as.] * potential on the non-rooted vertical lines to Qir

xwisefoe ** the hori'isenilalen undi άοτ ^ vertical at de-na Koorditiatenisctoittpunkt a selected cell is diargeste-lit in Fig. 4M.- This waveform is produced by subtracting the signal on the selected vertical line from the signal on the selected one

B? fi 'M 04?

* " ^l) 'BAD

2060131 JO

Obtain horizontal alignment. The signal on the selected illegal line is illustrated in Figure 4F, and this signal au! ' the selected vertical line is shown in Fig. 4K. By subtracting the waveform in Fig. 4K from the waveform in Fig. 4F, the waveform of Fig. 4M is obtained as a result. The effect of the. The induced pulse resulting from Α-pulse is such that the potential differentiators /, is increased over the selected cell, and the amplitude of the induced pulse is sufficient to exceed the ignition level indicated by ^ the dashed line in FIG. 4M. It will

noted that the termination of the induced pulse in Fig. 4M coincides in time with the termination of the fundamental waveform.

The positive pulse 401 in FIG. 4M has a first leading edge 402 and a second leading edge 403. The leading edge 402 occurs at time T1, and the second leading edge 403 at time T2. ^ At time T1, holding operations take place: in all ignited cells

instead of, but not in the selected cell, which is dark before a write operation. At time T2, a write operation begins in the selected cell. The leading flake 403 initiates the write operation, and the write operation is terminated by the trailing edge 404 of the pulse 401. The delay between the time Tl and the time Ύ2 is sufficient to keep the gas mixture in the

. 8AD

t.09B3% -MO «2

2050191

(wicdeYgezundeu-n) cells to allow themselves to calm down enough so that a scream bope.rat ion can begin at time T2 without there is a risk of "overlapping". The "overlapping" relates refer to the undesired and unintentional ignition of a dark cell near the selected cell during a visual writing operation, Es might order the tendency to do so during a write operation because. the violent plasma discharge activity of the gases in a nearby held cell is closely followed in time by the violent plasma discharge activity the gases of a nearby chosen cell. The signal level applied to the half-selected cells is shown in Fig. 4X, and this waveform results from the potential difference, which can be obtained by subtracting the waveform of FIG. 4Ij from the waveform in Fig. 4F or by subtracting the waveform of Fig. 4K obtained from the waveform of Fig. 4G. Half-elected cells are all Cells on the selected vertical line apart from the selected cell, and also remove all cells in the selected horizontal line selected cell. All others are non-elected cells. Expressed differently : the non-selected cells are-all cells with the exception those who are on the line Ul or on the line Vl. The potential difference over the unselected cells is as shown in FIG. 4P waveform shown. This waveform corresponds to the PoU-nUaldiffcrenz, which is obtained by subtracting the waveform of the

KI9-69-004 - 31 -

109826/104 2 säd

Fig. 4L * from the waveform of Fig. IG. The positive pulse 4JO in FIG. 4N has a front edge 411 which performs an invalid operation in the half-selected cell, and the positive pulse 41 in FIG. 4P has a front edge 41G which performs an invalid operation in the non-selected cells. selected cells. It should be noted that the fundamental waveforms in Figures 4M, 4.N and 4P correspond to the waveform of Figure 31 except for the effect of the induced pulse which increases the amplitude at pulse 401 in Figure 4M and the amplitude at the pulse 415 decreased in Figure 4P. The larger amplitude of the pulse 401 in FIG. 4M is necessary to raise the ignition voltage of the selected cell in order to carry out a write operation by igniting the desired cell. In this connection it should be pointed out that the induced pulse increases the potential difference only over the selected period. The amplitude of the waveform shown in FIG. 4X over the half-selected cells is not changed by the induced pulse. In fact, the waveform of Figure 4X is identical to the waveform of Figure 31 except for the change in the width of the pulses resulting from the use of a lower frequency during a write operation.

The effect of the pulse induced in a write operation on the waveform of the potential difference applied over the unselected lines is shown in FIG. 4P, and the pulse 41 has a first one

• ~ SAD ORIGINAL

KH> -no -noι 32

. . , 109826 / fCK 2

trailing edge 41? which occurs earlier than the second trailing edge 418, with a time delay, as shown. ϊ} ΐν. The rear edge 417 occurs earlier than the rear edge 438 because the induced pulse causes the potential of the unselected vertical lines to rise and the potential of the unselected horizontal lines to decrease. However, as indicated with reference to FIG. 4M, the holding operation for the ignited, unselected cells begins at time T1 and ends at time T2, and the positive deflection of the pulse 4i 5 in FIG. 4.P is sufficient in amplitude and duration to perform a hold operation of the unselected cells that were previously ignited during a write operation.

After the Α pulse on line 81 (Fig. 2Λ) has ended, will a B-pulse, as generated in Fig. 4B, applied to line 82 (Fig. 2A), to reset the ferrite core 106. When the Α pulse on the Line 81 is terminated, the transistor 101 changes its state and becomes non-conductive. I> he drives positive B-pulse on line 82 the .Transistor 102 in the conductive state, and a current flows from the voltage source to the center tap of the primary winding through the lower half of this winding, transistor 102, the Resistance $ 10 to its center tap, through transistor 122, resistor 124 and transistor 123 to ground. The current

004 - 33 -

109826/104

BAD ORtOiHAl.

2080191 J ¹ I.

through the lower half ύν.ν primary winding 105 .stellI back the ferrite core 106, and signals are induced in άν.η secondary windings 307 and] 08. The polarity of the induced pulse drives the lower end of windings 107 and 108 positive and the upper ends of these windings negative. Diode 185 blocks the induced negative signal and diode 192 blocks the induced positive signal, thereby preventing these signals from having an effect on the signals on buses 31 and 32 (FIG. 2B).

W to exercise. Similarly, diode 285 in Fig. 2A blocks the induced negative signal and diode 292 blocks the induced positive signal, thereby preventing signals from affecting the signals on buses Gl and C2 in Fig. 2B. The diode 184 in FIG. 2A conducts, and the induced negative signal is converted into power dissipation in resistor 183. The diode 18] conducts, and the resistor 182 converts the induced positive signal into power loss. The diode 284 conducts, and the resistor 283

W consumes the induced negative signal. Diode 281 conducts and the resistor cancels the induced positive signal. As a result, the B signal resets the ferrite core 10G without affecting the control signals which are given to the bus lines 31 and 32 and the bus lines G1 and 62. As soon as the Bt pulse ceases, the positive "write switch" signal on line 84 is cleared if

SADORiGfNAL

KIO-GO-004 - 34 -

1Q3826 / 1042

no further sehreiboperalionen stall f. imkm. If further write operations are to take place, the horizontal wühlschallung 25 (FIG. 1) selects one of the line drivers 21 to 24, and the vertical wählschallung 55 selects one of the line drivers 51 to 54. In the manner explained above, a Α pulse and a B-pulse applied to perform another cibopus surgery in another selected cell. A series of successive write operations can be carried out, since an invalid process takes place during the scream. When all write operations have been completed, the positive "write switch" signal on line 84 (FIG. 2A) is terminated, and the frequency of the SII basic signal and the SV basic signal is changed back to the higher value for the hold operations that automatically occur thereafter follow. For the sake of interest, it is pointed out that illegal operations can take place without resetting the horizontal and vertical dials. It has already been pointed out above that all old operations are not influenced by the state selected or not selected - the horizontal and vertical line "" -. The reason for this is that after "the termination of a writing opei-alion the waveforms on buses 31 and 32 are identical, and the waveform of the output signal on horizontal lines 111 through IIN must be the same as that on bus 31 or position 32. In

-sis.
982f5 / 104 2

similarly, the waveform on the bus Gl is identical to the waveform on the bus 62 / and the Waveforms on the vertical lines Yl to YN must be the Follow the waveform of the signal on bus 61 or the waveform of the signal on bus 62.

Extinguish.

Next, the erase operation with which each any ignited, ie glowing gas cell in the display field 10 can be deleted. Selects for the purpose of a delete operation the horizontal selection circuit 25 (P'ig. 1) one of the line drivers to 24 while not dialing the rest of these line drivers , (against). The vertical selection circuit 55 selects one of the line drivers 51 to 54 with simultaneous counter-dialing of the other line drivers. Figure 5 illustrates waveforms during an erase operation.

Every time one. Erase operation takes place, the basic SII signal on the line .33 (Fig. 2A) and the SV-Grundsigrial on the Line 63 recorded for next positive excursions as in FIGS. 5A and 5B. A positive adjustable signal, referred to as "erase amplitude", is applied to line 85,

BAD ORfGiNAL

KI9-69-004. - 36 -

1 098 26/1042

2060131

and controls the current source transistor 131 (Fig. 2Λ). A positive signal, referred to as the "delete switch", is applied to line 86, and as a result transistors 132 and 131 become conductive.

Among other things, the Si basic signal on eier.Leitung 33 is held at the positive value, as shown in FIG. 5A, this causes the application of the inverse, i.e. negative, signals to the bus lines 31 and 32. This inverted SII basic signal is in the Figs. 5E and 5F can be seen. Since the SV basic signal on line 63 (FIG. 2A) is also held at its positive value, this causes an inverted or negative signal to be applied to the bus lines 61 and 62. This inverted SV basic signal is shown in FIGS. 51 and 5.J can be recognized.

A positive A-pulse is applied to line 81 {Fig. 2A) created, and it drives the transistor 10l into the conductive state. It flows a current from the voltage source connected to the center tap of the primary winding 105 through the upper half of that primary winding, the transistor 101, the upper half of the resistor 109, the transistor 131, the resistor 135 and the transistor 132 after Earth. Induction creates positive impulses in the upper halves of the windings 107 and 108, there combined with the hold signal and given to the busbars 31 and Gl (Fig. 2B), as

i-tii pn

MJ-w-

99-2 ^ / 104

explained earlier. In the lower half of windings 107 and 108 negative pulses are induced, as described in the previous Manner combined with the hold signal and given to the buses 62 and 62 (Fig. 2B). The Α signal is shown in Figure 5C. The induced negative pulse on bus 32 (Fig. 2B) is seen in Figure 5E, and the induced positive pulse on the bus 31 (Fig, 2B) is shown in Fig. 5F. The induced positive ^ Impulse on bus 61 (Fig. 2B) is shown in Fig. 51,

and the induced pulse on bus 62 (FIG. 2B) is in 5J shown.

The transistor in the selected horizontal line driver '(21 to 24 in FIG. 1) is activated by a selection signal level at one of the Lines 26-29 are driven non-conductive and the remaining horizontal line drivers are counter-dialed on the remaining lines 26 to 29 in the conductive feed

P ■ ■

stood brought. For example, when the horizontal line driver at 21 is selected in Fig. 2B, transistor 321 is turned off (locked) state and the signal on the selected horizontal line III follows the waveform of the signal on the bus 31, with the exception of a small voltage drop due to the

BAD ORfGOSlAL KlO-69-004 - 38 -

109828/1042

S3

■ Constant current diode 322. The waveform of the signal on the The selected horizontal line III is shown in Fig. 5G. Since the hori-

zontal line driver 24 is not selected in Figure 2B, transistor 321a is driven into the conductive state and the waveform of the signal on horizontal line HX follows the waveform of the signal on bus 32. Likewise, unselected horizontal lines 112 and 112 follow H3 is the waveform of the signal on bus 32. Each of the unselected horizontal lines carries a signal having the waveform shown in Figure 5H.

The vertical selection circuit 55 (Fig. 1) provides a selection signal level to one of lines 56 to 59, which drives the transistor of the selected line driver (51 to 54) into the conductive state; the remaining vertical line drivers receive counter-dialing signals on the associated lines 56 to 50, whereby their transistors are driven into the non-conductive state. For example, if the line driver, 51 in Fig. 213, is selected, becomes the transistor 331 driven into the conductive state, and the signal on the The selected vertical line Vl follows the signal on the bus. The waveform of the signal on the selected vertical line Vl is shown in Figure 5K. The waveform on each of the non-selected

KI9-G9-004 - 39 -

SAD ORIGINAL

10982 ^ / 1042

Vertical lines V2 to VX are shown in FIG. F) L. if for example, the vertical line driver 54 in Fig. 2B is not selected, the transistor 331a becomes non-conductive driven, and the signal on the VN line follows the signal on the Bus 61 except for a small voltage drop through constant current diode 322a.

• The selected gas cell in the display field 10 is given during a deletion operation a potential difference from the waveform shown in Fig. 5M. A positive pulse 430 represents the potential difference that as the result of the A-pulse of Figure 5C over the selected gas cell is created. The waveform in Fig. 5M is obtained by subtracting the waveform in Fig. 5K from the waveform in Fig. 5G. The waveform in Figure 5N represents those above the half-selected cells applied potential difference, and this waveform is obtained by subtracting the waveform in Fig. 5L from the waveform in Fig. 5G or by subtracting the waveform of Figure 5K from the waveform of Fig. 5H. The Α signal in Fig. 5C has during an erase operation no effect on the half-elected cells because the one in question Cancel incoming induced signals on the horizontal and vertical lines. The one created over the non-selected cells Potential difference has the waveform shown in Fig. 5P, and

8AD ORiGfNAL

KI9-69.0 (f4 ^{: i ;} '- 40 -

109826/10 * 2

TheBe * We] lensToi * | J5i results from subtracting the waveform in Fig. 5L from the waveform in Fig. 511. The A signal causes a pulse 431 (Fig. 5P) over the unselected cells created $ d.rd. This impulse, however, has no effect, as stated in the adjustment. '

The positive pulse 436 in Fig. 5M is generated as a result of the A-pulse applied over the selected gas cell. The pulse 430 is not sufficient Amplitude to perform an old operation, However, it has sufficient amplitude to carry out an erase operation. The selected gas cell was last removed by the negative pulse 432 held. Since the positive pulse 430 the gas mixture of the selected gas cell with a signal of a polarity opposite to that of the last hold pulse 432 is, a pulse 430 thereby causes a weak avalanche or Plasma discharge and reduces the wall charge of the selected gas cell almost to zero. After the end of the egg tears; T4 has the chosen one Gas cells lose the remaining wall charge as a result of decay, .and your loading acuity is set »As a result, the selected Gas cell dark. The polarity of the impulse 430 must always be opposite that of the last holding tube 432 if one

69-004 '■' * 41 ■ -

'8AD ORIGINAL

Delete operation is performed. The time period T3 in FIG. 5N and FIG. 5P is a relatively long time period; But it is still short enough to allow the previously ignited cells (except for the deleted ones) to be re-ignited by the positive hold impulses that start again at the end of the period T3. Pulse 431 in Figure 5M is due to one subsequent effect because the polarity of this pulse is the same as the polarity of the last sustain pulse 434; the pulse 431 therefore does not cause an avalanche process and consequently does not change the cell events. The characteristic ability of the cells that were ignited earlier (not selected for extinguishing) to ignite again in response to a stop signal at the end of the time period T3 remains unchanged. The selected cell is therefore deleted at the end of the period T4, and the remaining cells in the display field 10 are re-ignited at the end of the period T3 if they were ignited beforehand.

It should be noted that in the event that all cells were absolutely uniform, the erase pulse will not be followed would have to have a dead time, since the extinguishing pulse would have reduced the wall charge to zero. But in practice all cells are never empty uniform. As a result, there remains a residual wall charge, albeit a very small one. The dead time now allows this remaining wall

SADORlGtNAL

KIO-60-004 - 42 -

109828/1042

VJ

charge on XuIl to fade away. The 1, erase operation is thus made uniform for all inches, even if they themselves are not uniform. The non-selected cells still retain sufficient wall charge (although in them during the dead time to decay takes place) in order to represent dead time again Presage.

Upon termination of the A-pulse, the transistor 101 reverts to the non-conductive state and a B-pulse shown in FIG. SD is applied to the line 82 (FIG. 2A); it drives the transistor 102 into the A current flows from the voltage source connected to the center tap of the primary winding 105 through the lower half of this winding, the transistor 102, the lower half of the resistor 109, the transistor 131, the resistor 135 and the transistor 132 to earth Resetting ferrite core 106. As previously explained, the signals induced in secondary windings 107 and 108 are destroyed without affecting the signals on bus lines 31 and 32 or bus lines oil and V> 2. The positive signals on the lines 85 and 86 in Fig. 2Λ are eliminated and the erase operation is ended In Fig. 5, the erase operation ends at the end of the period T3, and the waveforms f shown in the right part ull hold operations as explained earlier.

"KI9-69-004 - 43 -

'SAD

109826/1042

The transistors (e.g. 321, 321a, .331 and 331a) of the line drivers (e.g. 21, 24, 51 and 54) have a very low energy consumption, since they only have a switch function and do not reinforce must (switching through one of two supplied signals). Therefore, these line drivers are particularly suitable for manufacture in integrated circuit technology. This is therefore particularly advantageous because with many display fields the number of coordinate lines and thus the line driver goes into the thousands.

The actual power output takes place through the hold drivers, which is why power transistors must be used for this. However, the number of these sustaining drivers in one display panel is large low, as shown in the description.

The basic signals could also have a different waveform. The mutual relations just have to be such that one of the Description of the corresponding superimposition of selection and control pulses is possible.

The constant current diodes in Fig. 2B can be replaced by collector resistors, buffered by emitter followers with diodes that are fully connected to their base or any other

BATH ORIGINAL

KiO- (; «) - oo-i

2 67 ^ 04 2

other circuits in the collector circuit, which are a proportionate represent low output impedance. The constant current diode was used * to provide just such a possibility with little To illustrate output impedance.

KI9-G9-004 - 45 -

109826/1042

BATH

Claims (11)

3D. ! November ι 970 - 46 - PATENT CLAIMS Method for displaying information in a gas-filled display field with coordinate conductors, the intersections of which correspond to gas cells, which can be selectively excited to glow by electrical signals on the coordinate lines, characterized in that, that to change the state of a cell, each of the two coordinate lines to which the selected cell is connected, a control signal is superimposed, and that each of the remaining coordinate lines a counter signal is superimposed which is opposite to the control signal of the coordinate direction concerned. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the control signals and the counter signals for each coordinate direction are superimposed on a stop signal. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that for all A resultant stop signal is generated in cells by the fact that a square-wave signal is supplied as a stop signal to all coordinate lines The square wave signals of one coordinate direction are phase-shifted by 90 with respect to those of the other coordinate direction ψ are. 4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that for writing, i.e. to ignite a cell on which the hold signals are to be superimposed Control signals and counter signals are dimensioned in such a way that there is an increase in the holding voltage of up to at least to the ignition voltage, essentially in the case of the half-selected cells no change, and there is a decrease in the withstand voltage for the unselected cells. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein the hold signal is periodic, Docket KI 9-69-004 109826 / 10A2 T '3U. November 1970 - 47 - characterized in that during an operation to change of the state of a cell, the frequency of the hold signal is lower than during the other times when there are no changes in state be made in cells. 6. The method of claim 2, wherein the resulting hold signal is above the cells is periodic with alternating positive and negative Amplitudes, characterized in that for a write operation, d. H. to ignite a cell, the control signals and counter signals are superimposed on the hold signals that the resulting The hold signal first reaches its normal positive or negative deflection, so that all cells that have been ignited are ignited again and that there is then an increase in the selected cell the amplitude of the resulting hold signal beyond the ignition voltage. 7. The method of claim 2, wherein the resulting hold signal over the cells is periodic with alternating positive and negative amplitudes from a zero level, characterized that to erase a cell, the control signals and counter signals are dimensioned so that there is a voltage across the selected cell results, which is smaller than the holding voltage, and one of the last amplitude of the pure holding signal opposite polarity has, while there is a voltage across the remaining cells that is either approximately zero or less than that Is holding voltage and has the same polarity as the last amplitude of the pure hold signal. 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the hold signals for the coordinate lines during an erase operation be held at a level such that above all cells Docket KI 9-69-004 1 0 3826/1 0 ^ 2 ■ - ' November 30, 1970 - 48 - only the sums and differences of the control signals and counter signals take effect while resulting from the held signals results in a zero signal, which also after termination of the control signals and Counter-signals continue for a while. 9. Arrangement for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that a main driver circuit (30; 60) is provided for each of the coordinate directions, with which two driver lines (31, 32; 61, 62) generate two different driver signals * can be, and that for each of the coordinate lines (Hl.. .HN; Vl ... VN) as a line driver a switch device (21 ... 24-; 51 ... 54) is provided, which is connected to the two driver lines of the associated main driver circuit and each one of the switches through both driver signals to the assigned coordinate line. 10. Arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that for both Coordinate directions a selector circuit (25; 55) is provided which influence the assigned line driver (21 ... 24; 51 ... 54) in this way can that one of the driver signals from a (31; 62) fe of the two driver lines switches through, while all the rest of the Switch through the driver signal from the other driver line (32; 61). 11. The arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that a control circuit (70) is provided, the main driver circuits (30; 55) activation signals at least for write and erase operations can supply; and that each main driver circuit is so arranged that they a) in the absence of an activation signal on both driver lines (31, 32; 61, 62) emits the same hold signals, and Docket KI 9-69-004 109828/104? b) be_ | Presence of an activation signal on one ^ C.eife ^ line the hold signal with superimposed control signal and auj | the other driver line the hold signal with over-Qegerisignal gives away. Docket KI 9 -69 -Q 04 109826/1042