DE205171C

DE205171C -

Info

Publication number: DE205171C
Application number: DENDAT205171D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

205171 -KLASSE 21 d. GRUPPE 205171 - CLASS 21 d. GROUP

Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 1. Mai 1908 ab.Patented in the German Empire on May 1, 1908.

Es sind verschiedene Schaltungsschemata be-' kannt, um die Wicklung von Drehstrommotoren von einer Polzahl P umzuschalten für eine Polzahl 2 P. Dazu wird im allgemeinen die Wicklung eingeteilt in 3 P Spulenabteilungen, vpn denen zwei nebeneinanderliegendeVarious circuit schemes are known to switch the winding of three-phase motors from a number of poles P to a number of poles 2 P. For this purpose, the winding is generally divided into 3 P coil compartments, two of which are adjacent

bei P Polen eine Phasendifferenz ——■> bei 2 Pwith P poles a phase difference —— ■> with 2 P

Polen eine PhasendifferenzPoland a phase difference

besitzen. Esown. It

ist nun Gegenstand dieser Erfindung, für die Polzahlen P = 4K und. P — 6K, ohne die Zahl, dieser Spulenabteilungen zu vermehren, mit der gleichen Wicklung eine zwischen P und 2 P liegende Polzahl herzustellen. Es werden hierfür passende Schaltungen der Spulenabteilungen angegeben, welche in beiden Fällen das gemeinsame Kennzeichen haben, daß für die mittlere Polzahl, welche im ersten Falle 6 K, im zweiten Falle 8 K beträgt, die drei Stromphasen abwechselnd 2 und 1 Spulenabteilung innerhalb einer Polteilung umfassen, so daß innerhalb einer Polteilung 3 ungleiche Phasen entstehen, während doch für die Summe aller Polteilungen die Phasen unter sich eine gleiche Zahl Spulenabteilungen besitzen. is now the subject of this invention, for the pole numbers P = 4K and. P - 6K, without increasing the number of these coil sections, to produce a number of poles between P and 2 P with the same winding. Suitable circuits of the coil compartments are specified, which in both cases have the common characteristic that for the mean number of poles, which is 6 K in the first case and 8 K in the second case, the three current phases alternately comprise 2 and 1 coil compartments within one pole division so that within one pole pitch 3 unequal phases arise, while for the sum of all pole pitches the phases have the same number of coil compartments.

An Hand der Fig. 1 und 2 sollen für den einfachsten Fall K = 1, P = 4 bzw. P = 6 die Schaltungen erläutert werden, für Vielfache dieser Polzahlen K — 2, 3 usw. wiederholt sich in einfacher Weise die Anordnung der Spulenabteilungen, und es können die einzelnen Spulenabteilungen der ersten 4 bzw. 6 Pole mit den entsprechenden Abteilungen der folgenden 4 bzw. 6 Pole dauernd zu ^Gruppen vereinigt werden, wie dies schon in den bekannten Schemata für Polumschaltungen im Verhältnis 1 zu 2 ausgeführt' wird.1 and 2, the circuits are to be explained for the simplest case K = 1, P = 4 and P = 6, for multiples of these pole numbers K-2, 3 etc. the arrangement of the coil compartments is repeated in a simple manner and it can, the individual coils of the first sections 4 or 6 poles to the corresponding sections of the following 4 and 6 poles are united permanently to ^ groups, 'is as already explained in the known schemes for Polumschaltungen in the ratio 1: 2.

Die Wicklung eines Motors für 4, 6, 8 Pole (Fig. 1) besitzt 12 Spulenabteilungen, deren Enden fortlaufend mit 1, 2, 3, 4 bis 24 bezeichnet sind. Die Schaltung dieser Abteilungen für 4 und 8 Pole wird als bekannt vorausgesetzt. Für 6 Pole wird nun folgendermaßen geschaltet.The winding of a motor for 4, 6, 8 poles (Fig. 1) has 12 coil compartments, whose Ends are consecutively labeled 1, 2, 3, 4 to 24. The circuit of these departments for 4 and 8 poles is assumed to be known. For 6 poles it is now as follows switched.

■Phase I. Anfang 1, Verbindung 2 mit 3, 4 mit 9, 10 mit 17, Ende 18.■ Phase I. Beginning 1, connection 2 with 3, 4 with 9, 10 with 17, end of 18.

Phase II. Anfangs, Verbindung 6 mit 11, 12 mit 13,. 14 mit 19, Ende 20.Phase II. Initially, connection 6 with 11, 12 with 13 ,. 14 at 19, end of 20.

Phase III. Anfang 7, Verbindung 8 mit 15, 16 mit 21, 22 mit 23, Ende 24.Phase III. Beginning 7, connection 8 with 15, 16 with 21, 22 with 23, end 24.

Auf dem ersten Polpaar besitzt Phase I 2 Abteilungen, Phase II und III je eine Abteilung, auf dem zweiten Polpaar Phase II 2 Abteilungen, I und III je eine, auf der dritten Polteilung Phase III -2 Abteilungen, I und II je eine.On the first pole pair, phase I has 2 departments, phase II and III one department each, on the second pole pair phase II 2 departments, I and III one each, on the third pole pitch phase III -2 departments, I and II one each.

Es ist selbstverständlich von nebensächlicher Bedeutung, wohin Anfang und Ende jeder Phase verlegt wird und in welcher Reihenfolge die Verbindungen der Abteilungen untereinander angeordnet werden. Wesentlich ist nur die Anwendung ungleicher Zahlen von Abteilungen für die einzelnen Phasen innerhalb eines Polpaares, während die Summe aller Abteilungen für die 3 Phasen gleich ist. Auch die Schaltung der 3 Gruppen in DreieckIt is, of course, of minor importance where each beginning and end go Phase is relocated and in what order the connections between the departments to be ordered. It is only essential to use unequal numbers of departments for the individual phases within of a pole pair, while the sum of all divisions is the same for the 3 phases. Also the connection of the 3 groups in triangle

Claims

or star; in series or parallel connection is irrelevant for the invention itself. The winding of a motor with 6, 8, 12 poles (Fig. 2) has 18 coil compartments, the ends of which are numbered 1, 2, 3 to 36 consecutively. The circuit is assumed to be known for 6 and 12 poles. For 8 poles, the groups are connected as follows. Phase I. Beginning 1, connection 2 with 3, 4 with 11, 12 with 19, 20 with 21, 22 with 29, end 30. Phase II. Beginning 5, connection 6 with 13, 14 with 15, 16 with 23, 24 at 31, 32 at 33, end of 34th phase III. Beginning 7, connection 8 with 9, 10 with 17, 18 with 25, 26 with 27, 28 with 35, end 36. Pole pairs are formed alternating with 5 and 4 sections. In one PoI pair one has phase 2, in the next ι department. Of course, windings could also be made with a larger number of coil sections, in which the PoI numbers 4K, 6K, 8K or 6K, 8K, xzK can be executed in such a way that the winding of each phase is distributed symmetrically on each pole pitch, including in the first case z. B. 36 K coil departments, in the second case z. B. yzK departments would suffice. Due to this large number of departments, however, the winding is relatively very complicated. Although ring windings have been drawn in the figures for easier schematic representation, this circuit is just as suitable for drum windings. In particular, it is suitable for the drum winding described in D. R. P. 138854, in which the winding is carried out for different numbers of poles with a winding pitch which corresponds to a normal winding with an average number of poles. The winding step for 4, 6 and 8 poles would therefore correspond to a 6-pole normal winding, for 6, 8 and 12 poles an 8-pole normal winding. As a result, the step ratios for the average number of poles are particularly favorable, and there is a particular advantage for this combination of the number of poles. In order to obtain a stepped motor that is very useful for many practical purposes, a combination of the number of poles 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24 or 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 32, which is easy from the above, is particularly suitable are obtained by means of two separate stator windings. A winding for 4K, 6K, 8K poles has 12K coil compartments with 24 K ends according to the scheme, but according to what has been said, 12 groups with K firmly connected compartments can be separated out for all pole numbers, so that only 24 ends remain free for switching . The winding for 6K, 8K, 12 K poles similarly has 36 free ends. Both windings together would take 36 + 24 ends. However, 12 ends of both windings can be permanently connected to one another without a circuit being closed from one winding to the other, so that 48 ends have to remain free. For such a large number of free winding ends, it is of great advantage if the switch, which has to make the connections between these ends, is assembled directly with the motor housing so that the winding ends are led directly to the relevant switch terminals. In all cases, the rotor expediently has a pole-less short-circuit winding. Godfather NT-A ν Proverbs:

1. Three-phase induction motor with short-circuit armature, whose stator has one or more separate windings for different numbers of poles, of which at least one by switching their coil groups for the number of poles 4 and 8 or 6 and 12 or multiples of these numbers is set up, characterized in that to achieve an average number of poles (6 or 8) the three current phases for each pole pair alternately two and one coil division contain.

2. Motor according to claim 1, characterized in that when using Drum windings a winding step is selected that corresponds to a normal winding with the average number of poles (6 or 8).

For this purpose ι sheet of drawings.