DE2047046A1 - Writing device for alphanumeric characters - Google Patents

Description

"Writing device for alphanumeric characters"

The invention relates to one with a sensitive to magnetic or electric fields ^. Transport recording media Transport device and a writing head provided writing device for writing all alphanumeric Characters, i.e. suitable for writing alphabetic letters and common digits. The one for such Writing device are preferably used, sensitive to electric or magnetic fields recording media in patent applications P 20 25 4-09.5 and P 20 Ί4 175.2 described.

In the case of the magnetically sensitive recording medium, the magnetic one acts Field on small reflective flakes, which are stored in dom recording media and in their orientation

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opposite the plane of the recording medium by the magnetic Field forces are changeable. As a result of the local change in the orientation of the leaflets, the yeast reflection factor changes locally of the recording medium. Assume that at the beginning If the leaflets are parallel to the plane of the recording medium, the recording medium has a relatively large reflection factor. Orientation is now in a small magnetic field extending perpendicular to the plane of the recording medium If the leaflets are perpendicular to the plane of the recording medium, this area becomes due to the locally reduced yeast effect factor appear as a dark spot when viewed from the illuminated side.

For the recording medium that responds to magnetic fields there are two different embodiments. ' One consists of a translucent fabric that contains, in the form of drops, a translucent liquid in which the leaflets are distributed. In the other embodiment there is the recording medium made of thermoplastic or thermosetting, translucent material in which the leaflets are distributed are and can be oriented as long as the material is plastically deformable.

Further details about the production of such magnetic field sensitive recording media and the manner in which recording tracks or similar information can be recorded on them _/ are explained in detail in the above-mentioned patent documents and are therefore not to be repeated here.

The object of the invention is to create a writing device with the help of which it is possible to write alphanumeric characters without inertia on a recording medium, the Recordings on the recording medium can optionally be deleted later.

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The task is thereby SeIOSt ₁ that the writing head is provided with a number of electrically excitable writing elements, by the excitation of which for writing characters on the recording medium suitable electric or magnetic fields are generated, that the writing elements are arranged in a certain pattern, which by selection different writing elements to be excited allows the writing of each one of a predetermined number of alphanumeric characters and that a selection device is provided which carries out the selection of the writing elements to be excited for writing a specific alphanumeric character. Since the characters are written by magnetic fields and the writing head does not have to be brought into mechanical contact with the recording medium, the alphanumeric characters are recorded without mechanical forces, which largely avoids mechanical wear and tear. In addition, through the use of a single writing head with which all desired characters (eg all capital and small letters of the alphabet and the digits 1-9) can be written, the writing part of the writing device is very simple and has only a few moving parts.

It is usually desirable that the characters appear as a dark image on a light background. Accordingly, must the majority of the leaflets in the record carrier be aligned parallel to its surface plane, whereby the recording medium has a relatively large Seflektionffekt owns. The characters to be written are then made visible because the Leaflets transverse to the surface plane of the recording medium are aligned, whereby these areas appear as dark images or characters on the recording medium.

Around these leaflets locally transversely to the recording medium plane to align, it is necessary to create a plus that just

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if it runs perpendicular to the plane of the recorder. For this purpose, it is recommended according to a feature of the invention that the at the excitation of the writing elements resulting fields perpendicular to the surface of the recording medium running magnetic Fields are that the entirety of the writing elements as a pattern a rectangle provided with diagonals and through the intersection of these diagonals results in and that the magnetic fields emerging from the writing elements enforce the recording medium.

In a further embodiment of the writing device recommends; it that additional write heads are provided that each of these write heads is assigned to a particular 'selection circuit and that the print heads are arranged next to each other so that they can write a whole line at a time. A writing device configured in this way can, for example, advantageously be used in conjunction with an electronic computer are used, the individual selection circuits during operation controls in such a way that one or more specific characters are written. As in the above ■ Patent applications described can be made of the liquid-containing tissue or of thermoplastic material existing recording media in a simple manner be deleted that the reflective flakes in their. Starting position to be reoriented. Accordingly is in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the writing device designed such that a mitteis elek-. Trischer or magnetic fields working extinguishing device is provided with the help of one or more suitable electric or magnetic fields on the recording medium beforehand deletes the written character. A dei'like one Erasing device is particularly advantageous when the writing device is operated via a keypad, with it experience has shown that typing errors often occur. A deletion of the typing error with the help of an electromagnetic field

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BATH ORIGINAL

is clearly superior to the currently used means of erasing a typo.

In such a writing ^{device provided with an erasing device s} SaSfi a further feature favorable if 'the erasing device is provided with two erasing heads, if the distance between the erasing heads is at least as great as the largest dimensions of one of the characters to be written and if one Exciter circuit is provided which during .des Erschvorgangs excites the erase heads, whereby one or more magnetic erase fields arise, which extend over the part of the recording medium lying between the erase heads. Since the erasing field runs along the part of the recording medium lying between the erasing heads, the leaflets located in this part are again aligned parallel to the surface plane of the recording medium, whereby the image of the erroneously written character disappears.

Of course, it must be prevented that the magnetic erasing field or fields also undesirably erase other characters or leave traces on the recording medium at the points where they penetrate vertically into or emerge from it. On the other hand, the recording medium parallel to the plane I ^ extending this field must yes ir at any one location. The recording medium to enter and exit from this field is perpendicular to the recording medium plane. According to a further feature of the invention, these difficulties are circumvented in that, in order to erase a written character, erase heads emit signals to the excitation circuit which characterize the two characters lying next to the character to be erased, whereupon the excitation circuit gives the erase heads, which are similar to the write head, these exciting response signals supplies, the magnetic fields emanating from the erase heads cause that between the erase heads on your recording medium

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delete characters located on the recording medium without the two characters located below the erase heads * affect au. In other words, the two erase heads scan the shape of the character below them, report the shape of the character to the excitation circuit whereupon it Generates magnetic erasing fields in the erasing heads that do not affect the characters directly below the erasing heads, since the field of the erase heads just enters or exits the recording medium at the points - the characters that are right below the erase heads are already dark in color due to the correctly written characters.

From what has just been said, it follows that on both sides of the incorrectly written character there must be a character before the deletion process can begin. As a result, after writing one incorrect character, there is still another one To write characters before deleting the missing character can be started. After that misspelled The following characters is written. can the erase heads above the two characters next to the $ missing character and the deletion of the missing character can begin. After deleting the missing character, the corrected Signs are put in its place.

Of course, the writing device according to the invention can also be designed as a typewriter, whereby it according to a further feature of the invention is provided with a selection device having a keypad. When depressing One of the keys belonging to the keypad becomes the writing elements of the writing head via the selection device energized, which'dem assigned to the key corresponding characters are. It is recommended that the transport device is provided with a rotatably mounted roller that the writing head has a straight-line movement in the line direction running parallel to the roller axis,

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and that after a character has been written, the writing head turns over offset a discrete step in the line direction to prepare the writing device for writing the next character.

When using one made of thermoplastic material The recording medium must have the writing device according to the invention still be provided with a heater that the recording medium heated to allow orientation of the leaflets.

Further features of the invention emerge from the exemplary embodiment, which is explained below with reference to the drawing. It shows:

1 shows a possible form of the writing elements as they can be used in the exemplary embodiment,

Fig. 2 shows a writing head in which writing elements with opposite Fig. 1 are arranged in a slightly different form,

3 is a side view of the with electrical connections and winding writing elements according to Fig. 1,

Fig. 4- is a side view of the writing elements used in Fig. 2,

FIG. 5 shows a modified embodiment of one of those shown in FIG. 4 Writing elements,

FIG. 6 shows the shape of the by means of the write head according to FIG writable alphanumeric characters,

7 shows a schematic representation of the exemplary embodiment the writing device according to the invention and *

8 shows a schematic illustration which explains the mode of operation of the extinguishing device.

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FIGS. 1 and 3 show the writing elements of an erase head which is effective by means of magnetic fields. The erase head is provided with sixteen plate-shaped writing elements Λ. Eight of these writing elements are arranged as shown in FIG. 1 so that they form a rectangle with their end faces visible in the assembled writing head (see FIG. 2), while the other eight with their visible end faces form the diagonals and the perpendicular lines of this rectangle. Each writing element 1 is provided with an electromagnetic coil 2. It is often advantageous if the writing elements have recesses, ie locations with a smaller cross section than the rest of the writing elements to which the windings are applied. The writing of individual character results now characterized ₄ that in each case only the electric windings are energized, which are associated with characters to be written to. Each of the excited writing elements causes a line-shaped marking on the recording medium and the sum of these markings results in the desired character.

The shape of the writing elements built into the writing head according to FIG. 2 largely corresponds to the shape of that in FIG writing elements shown, only that the rectangle formed by the elements is not the same side, but an aspect ratio of 3: 2 owns.

The windings of the writing elements shown in FIG. 4 also differ somewhat from the windings of the writing elements according to FIG . Each of the individual writing elements consists of two sub-elements 1 'which are separated by air gaps 3 at the end of the writing elements facing the recording surface. A special coil 2 'is applied to each d ^ r CDeilelemente 1'. Two coils of each writing element have opposite directions of winding, whereby the flux

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exits at one sub-element and into the other sub-element occurs again, as can be clearly seen from FIG. 4: .is. The single ones Partial elements 1 'are held together by connecting links 4, which bridge the air gaps 3.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the writing elements split into partial elements. In the embodiment of a writing element shown in FIG. 5, a single winding 2 ' ¹ in the form of an 8 is wound around the two sub-elements V •, which are designed as an individual element provided with an air gap. This results in the same field profile as in the case of the writing elements shown in FIG.

In FIG. 6, the alphanumeric characters are shown as they are written by the writing head according to FIG. the end Figure 6 can be seen that the write head according to the invention both the capital and the small letters of the alphabet as well as the numbers 1 to 9. The vast majority of the characters can be represented by a ^^ la- ^ eibvorgang are used while the small letters "g, 3, k, m, n, p, q, x, y, z" in two steps to be written. When writing these small letters, which can be represented in two steps, the Write head after recording part of these letters down by half the head width (this applies to g, j, m, n, p, q, y, z "or to the side (this applies to the letters" k, x ") offset and the remainder of these letters written.

Figure 7 shows aas embodiment of the writing device according to the invention, which is designed as a typewriter. The writing device has a writing head 5j of the corresponding Figures 2 and 4 is constructed. For reasons that will be explained in more detail below, the writing Zbcne of the head with respect to the recording medium 6 by 180 ° turned. The recording medium consists of the. with individual Droplet-provided fabric as in the above-mentioned patent application P 20 25 409-5. To transport the

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A substrate 7 · through step-by-step is used on the display carrier Rotation of a roller 8 moves the recording medium further. The writing head 5 is on a rod 9 with a rectangular Cross-section parallel to the recording medium plane and mounted displaceably transversely to their direction of movement. The movement desScbBsLbkopfes is mechanical through a keypad controlled belonging to a selection circuit 10, this control as well as the step-by-step transport of the record carrier 6, in the manner commonly used in typewriters.

By depressing a key on the keypad 10, various output signals are displayed at the output of the selection circuit.

nals are generated that correspond to the shape of the character to be written. After these signals have been amplified separately with a multiple amplifier 11, they arrive at the signals associated windings of the writing elements in the writing head 5, whereby the corresponding writing elements are excited and emit a magnetic field. The resulting magnetic fields orient those influenced by the field forces Leaflet 12 perpendicular to the plane of the recording medium 6, whereby the character to be written is made visible. The written characters appear as above already explained, as dark pictures on a light background. When the button on the keypad is released, the output signals the selection circuit 10 is switched off and the write head is by a mechanical connection not shown in FIG promoted one "step" further.

As already explained above, in some of the recording media described in the patent applications mentioned at the beginning Very easy to erase typographical errors. For this purpose, the writing device according to the invention has an erasing device, the as well as the. Write head 5 is effective by magnetic fields. The extinguishing device is marked with'awgL, which is under erasing heads 13 and 14 scanning characters lying on them

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see. As can be seen from FIG. 7, these erase heads have individual elements which are used for erasing and which are connected to the drive elements the construction and the task of a magnetic print head Produce field, have in common. However, for reasons that have yet to be explained, the erase heads have no elements that run horizontally to the direction of the lines, whereby that formed by the writing elements of the writing head Pattern deviates from the sexton formed by the erasing elements of the erasing heads. The two erase heads 13 »14 are on the side from the write head 5 and with this on the rod 9 displaceable arranged. The effective plane of the erase heads is rotated by 90 relative to the effective plane of the write head. All three heads are driven by the rod 9 in a clockwise direction rotating motor 15 brought into its operating position. To the For a better understanding of the writing device, however, the erasing heads 13, 14 and the writing head 5 in FIG. 7 are shown in FIG Operating position turned out position shown. The distance of the side of the write head seated erase heads corresponds to the lateral dimensions of the characters, so that when writing a character through the write head 5 of the erase head 14 is above the previous character.

The two erase heads 13 and 14 are able to change the shape of the characters just below them. This scanning happens similar to the playback with a tape recorder, in which the heads are moved over the character to be scanned on the recording medium. The ones from the scan The resulting signals which characterize the scanned character are individually amplified in a multiple amplifier 16 and subsequently fed to an excitation circuit 17. However, the above-mentioned scanning process only takes place if previously a delete key 18 located on the keypad 10 has been actuated. By pressing the erase button 18, the erase heads 13 and 14 brought into their operating position via the motor 15 and it will be of the excitation circuit as a result of

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. Scanning signals of the erase heads amplified via an amplifier 19 Erasing signals that the erasing elements of the erase heads 13, 14 excite and thereby the sign to be deleted to disappear bring.

For a better understanding of this deletion process, the following an example of this will be explained. It is assumed that the operator writing the word "inject" has already incorrectly written the two characters "in" instead of "in". To complete the deletion process as described the next step is to write the letter "j" will. After releasing the "j" key, the three heads are two steps away from the misspelled letter. The next action is to press the clear button 18, which causes the three heads to turn over automatically two steps back and the motor 15 the heads rotates by 90 and thus the two erase heads I3 and 14 in their Operating situation brings. In this state, the erase heads 13 and 14 are above the letters "i" and "j". While the Erase heads are reset, feel the shape of the two sides of the misspelled letter Letters, realizing that they are the letters "i" and "j". The accordingly over the amplifier 16 output to the excitation circuit 17 signals that also by depressing the delete key 18 excited exciter circuit emits corresponding erase signals to the erase heads I3 and 14 via the amplifier 19, see above that only the parts of the letters running in the vertical direction "i" and "j" are rewritten. A writing of the horizontal parts of the lines running in the direction of the lines Letters using the erase heads is because of the lack of this Deletion elements not possible and ^ as follows from the following, also not necessary. That through the excitement The magnetic field caused by the specific erasing elements enters the recording medium from the one Hopf and leaves him over the other

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Head. To that too. reach are the extinguishing elements of the one Erase head all provided with windings that have the same sense of winding, while the erase elements of the other Erasing head windings with opposite winding directions own. This results in a magnetic field that is created through the vertical sections of one letter, for example "i" enters the record carrier and the record carrier through the vertical sections of the other Letter, for example "j" leaves again. The extinguishing flow thus occurs at points on the recording medium and which are already marked by parts of written letters, whereby the in relation to the recording medium plane perpendicular course of the extinguishing flow at these points no more change in the orientation of the leaflets 12 can cause. Runs between the two letters "i" and "3" the erasing field parallel to the recording medium level, whereby all the leaflets lying between these two letters are oriented parallel to the plane of the recording medium den what the deletion of the misspelled letter "m" means ^ without the two letters "i" and "j" additional marks are created or these two letters are deleted.

After erasing the typing error, the erase key 18 is released, whereby "the three heads are brought into the writing position by the motor 15 and the letter" n ^{M can be written} instead of the originally misspelled letter "m".

FIG. 8 shows the course of the erasing field between the two erasing heads 13 and 14- which are attached to the recording medium 6 facing away for guiding the field with a guide core 20 are connected. A shield 21 has the task of the magnetic flux increases in the plane of the recording medium

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keep. It is made of diamagnetic material with a lower Permeability and high magnetic reluctance. If the roller 8, as shown in Figure 8, and as it is with typewriters is often the case, is located immediately next to the three heads, it can also be used as a guide for guidance serve the magnetic flux. For this purpose, the roll is provided with a vismuth layer 22 which is vapor-deposited in a vacuum. The usage a Bolle 8 with steel coating brings no disadvantages, since writing with the writing device according to the invention yes without mechanical pressure. Furthermore you can additional shields 23, 24 are used to guide the magnetic flux, as shown in FIG. 7, to protect the characters to the side of the letter to be printed.

From the above it follows that difficulties arise when in the writing device according to the invention a letter at the beginning or at the end of a word is to be deleted, since in this case the letter is missing, through which the river used for extinguishing can enter or exit. Under such circumstances it is advantageous if an erase head is provided which is further away so that the operating personnel at a suitable distance from the Spelling mistake can write a letter that serves as an entrance or exit for the river. Another possibility is that the three heads are reclaimed in the erase position to the beginning of the word or the entire line and then drag your head over the word or the entire line while an AC signal is applied to the Erase heads acts. This AC signal conditions within of the recording medium a magnetic flux which aligns all the leaflets detected by it parallel to the plane of the recording medium. The reason for this is that through the As the flow fades away and changes direction, the individual leaflets become increasingly weaker from the horizontal position be deflected and ultimately remain in this position.

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Claims (1)

Patent claims: Hit a writing device provided with a transport device which is sensitive to magnetic or electric fields and a writing head, characterized in that the writing head (5) is provided with a number of electrically excitable writing elements (1, 1 ', 1 ¹ '), by their excitation for Writing characters on the recording medium (6), suitable electric or magnetic fields are generated, that the writing elements are arranged in a certain pattern are that by selecting different elements of the writing to be excited the writing of each one given Allowed number of alphanumeric characters and that a selection device (10) is provided that the Selects the writing elements to be excited for writing a specific alphanumeric character. 2. Writing device according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the fields produced when the writing elements (1, 1 ', 1' ') are excited perpendicularly running to the surface of the recording medium (6) magnetic fields are that the totality of the writing elements as a pattern with Diagonals and through the intersection of these diagonals extending mid-perpendicular results in a rectangle . and that the magnetic fields emerging from the writing elements penetrate the recording medium (6). J. Writing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the writing head (5) is provided with sixteen writing elements (1,1 ', V ¹ ), two of which each form one of the edges, vertical lines or diagonals of the pattern and -16-1098U / 1592 that the rectangle of the pattern either, square or elongated in the direction of movement of the recording medium (6) is. 4. Writing device according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that one means electric or magnetic fields working extinguishing device (13-20) is provided with the help of one or several suitable electric or magnetic fields, a character previously written on the recording medium (6) clears, 5. Writing device according to claim 4, characterized in that that the extinguishing device (13-20) is provided with two erasing heads (13,14), that the distance between the erase heads is at least as great. like the largest dimensions of one of the characters to be written is and that an excitation circuit (17, 19) is provided which during of the erasing process, the erase heads are excited, creating one or more magnetic erasing fields that are over the between the part of the recording medium lying the erase heads (6) run. 6rf writing device according to claim 5, characterized in that that to erase a written character, the two erase heads (13,14-) signals to the exciter. circuit (17,19), which characterize the two characters next to the character to be deleted, whereupon the excitation circuit is similar to the write head These exciting response signals are supplied to the erasing heads built-up, the magnetic fields emanating from the erasing heads ■ cause which between the erase heads on the -17- 1098U / 1592 Delete the characters in the seicLinungträger (6) without the both below the erase heads on the recording medium to influence the characters located. 7 «Writing device according to one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the selection device (10) is provided with a keypad so that when one of the keys is depressed via the selection device, the writing elements (1,1 ', I ¹¹ ) of the writing head (5) energized v / earths assigned to the characters corresponding to the key. 8. Writing device according to claim 7 »characterized in that that the transport device is provided with a rotatably mounted shaft (8) that the Writing head (5) allows a straight movement in the line direction running parallel to the roller axis Owns storage, and that after a character has been written, the write head is shifted by a discrete step in the direction of the line, to prepare the writing device for writing the next character. 9. Writing device according to claims 6 and 8, characterized in that the two Erase heads (13 »14-) together with the write head (5) in Line direction are arranged displaceable, wherein one of the two erase heads (14) precedes the write head and the other of the two erase heads (13) follows the write head. 10. Writing device according to claims 6 and 9 »characterized in that the keypad is provided with an erase button (18), upon actuation of which the write head (5) and the two erase heads 1098U / 1592 (13,14 ·) must be put back by two steps, whereupon the deletion process is initiated. 11.Schreibvorrichtung according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized characterized in that additional print heads are provided, that each of these write heads is assigned to a particular selection circuit and that the print heads are arranged side by side, whereby they are able to write a whole line at a time. '12. Writing device according to one of claims 1-11, characterized in that an electrical Computer is provided which, during operation, uses the selection circuit (10) to write certain characters controls. 13 · writing device according to one of claims 1-12, d a • through characterized in that the recording medium (6) is provided with a transparent fabric, which contains a translucent liquid in the form of droplets, that reflective metallic sheets (12) are distributed within the droplets, on the orientation of which the local reflection of the recording medium depends and that the alignment of the sheets is done by the magnetic fields of the writing elements (1, 1 ', 1 ¹ '). 14. Writing device according to claim 13, characterized in that -that the refractive index of the light permeable Liquid in the tissue is approximately equal to the index of refraction of the tissue itself. - 19 - 1098U / 1592 ¹¹ <■■ ">! I!« I! · * - 19 - 15 «Writing device according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the liquid enclosed in the tissue and the leaflets contained in it in "separate translucent capsules" are. 16. Writing device according to one of claims 13-15 » characterized in that the Recording medium (6) is applied to a substrate. 17. Writing device according to claim 16, characterized in that the substrate is transparent is. 18. Writing device according to one of claims 13-17 » characterized in that the recording medium (6) lies between two substrates, one of which is transparent. 19. A writing apparatus according to any of claims 1-18, characterized in that the fabric consists of a thermoplastic ^he or thermosetting material 'are embedded in the reflective metallic flakes ,, whose the Eeflektion and plastic of the recording medium (6) "determined in the Condition changeable orientation caused by the fact that the recording medium is exposed to the magnetic fields of the writing elements (1, 1 ', 1''). 20. Writing device according to claim 19 »characterized in that the thermoplastic Fabric made of polyethylene or polyamide. 21. Writing device according to claim 13 »thereby characterized in that the record carrier -20-1098U / 1592 (6) is formed from a thermosetting fabric composed of an alkyd or a diallyl phthalate. 22. Writing device according to one of claims 13-21, d a 'through characterized 'that the majority of the leaflets are aligned parallel to the plane of the tissue are, which gives the fabric a relatively large reflection factor owns and that local changes in the alignment of the leaflets can be seen as a dark area on the recording medium (6). ' \ 23 · Writing device according to one of claims 13-22, characterized in that the leaflets within the recording medium (6) consist of iron, nickel or stainless steel. 24. Writing device according to one of claims 13-23, characterized in that the leaflets within the recording medium (6) each consist of a reflective core made of non-magnetic metal which is coated with a magnetic metal layer whose thickness is less than 0.1 _/ / Cna. is. 25 · Writing device according to claim 24, characterized || characterized in that the non-magnetic metal the flake is aluminum and the magnetic metal layer consists of nickel. 26. Writing device according to one of claims 12-25, d a through characterized in that the leaflets have an aspect ratio greater than 5: 1. 27 · .Writing device according to one of claims 13-25, characterized in that the upper - 21 - 1098U / 1592 fecal extension of the leaflets between 10 and 50 mm and its mean thickness is between 0.1 and 5 μm. : 3. Shredding device according to one of Claims 13 to 27, characterized in that the ■ mean reflection factor of the leaflets is greater than 0.4 Isz. 1098U / 1592 Blank page