DE20313895U1 - Shock absorber comprises hollow cylinder made from polyisocyanate polyaddition product with lip at end and 2 -10 studs at same height on its outer surface - Google Patents
Shock absorber comprises hollow cylinder made from polyisocyanate polyaddition product with lip at end and 2 -10 studs at same height on its outer surfaceInfo
- Publication number
- DE20313895U1 DE20313895U1 DE20313895U DE20313895U DE20313895U1 DE 20313895 U1 DE20313895 U1 DE 20313895U1 DE 20313895 U DE20313895 U DE 20313895U DE 20313895 U DE20313895 U DE 20313895U DE 20313895 U1 DE20313895 U1 DE 20313895U1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- polyisocyanate polyaddition
- damping element
- lip
- same height
- studs
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polysiloxanes Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010107 reaction injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/373—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape
- F16F1/3732—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape having an annular or the like shape, e.g. grommet-type resilient mountings
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Zusatzfeder
BeschreibungAdditional spring
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft Federelemente basierend auf einem hohlen zylindrischen Dämpfungselement (i) auf der Basis von Polyisocyanat-Polyadditionsprodukten, bevorzugt auf der Basis von zelligen Polyurethanelastomeren, die ggf. Polyharnstoffstrukturen enthalten können, besonders bevorzugt auf der Basis von zelligen Polyurethanelastomeren bevorzugt mit einer Dichte nach DIN 53 420 von 200 bis 1100, bevorzugt 300 bis 800 kg/m3, einer Zugfestigkeit nach DIN 53571 von s 2, bevorzugt 2 bis 8 N/mm2, einer Dehnung nach DIN 53571 von ä 300, bevorzugt 300 bis 700 % und einer Weiterreißfestigkeit nach DIN 53515 von s 8, bevorzugt 8 bis 25 N/mm, mit einer Höhe (ii) von 132 mm bis 135 mm, bevorzugt 133 mm und einem äußeren Durchmesser (iii) von 57 mm bis 60 mm, bevorzugt 58,7 mm, dessen eine Ende in Form einer umlaufenden Lippe (iv) ausgestaltet ist und wobei der Hohlraum des Dämpfungselementes (i) einen Durchmesser (v) von 11,5 mm bis 12 mm, bevorzugt 11,7 mm aufweist und das Dämpfungselement (i) auf der äußeren Oberfläche zwischen zwei und zehn, bevorzugt 3 bis 7, besonders bevorzugt 6 Erhebungen (xx) aufweist, die sich auf gleicher Höhe des Dämpfungselementes (i) befinden und bevorzugt mit einheitlichem, d.h. gleichem radialen Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind. Außerdem betrifft die Erfindung Automobile enthaltend die erfindungsgemäßen Federelemente.The invention relates to spring elements based on a hollow cylindrical damping element (i) based on polyisocyanate polyaddition products, preferably based on cellular polyurethane elastomers, which may optionally contain polyurea structures, particularly preferably based on cellular polyurethane elastomers, preferably with a density according to DIN 53 420 of 200 to 1100, preferably 300 to 800 kg/m 3 , a tensile strength according to DIN 53571 of s 2, preferably 2 to 8 N/mm 2 , an elongation according to DIN 53571 of ä 300, preferably 300 to 700 % and a tear resistance according to DIN 53515 of s 8, preferably 8 to 25 N/mm, with a height (ii) of 132 mm to 135 mm, preferably 133 mm and an outer diameter (iii) of 57 mm to 60 mm, preferably 58.7 mm, one end of which is designed in the form of a circumferential lip (iv) and wherein the cavity of the damping element (i) has a diameter (v) of 11.5 mm to 12 mm, preferably 11.7 mm and the damping element (i) has on the outer surface between two and ten, preferably 3 to 7, particularly preferably 6 elevations (xx) which are located at the same height as the damping element (i) and are preferably arranged at a uniform, ie equal, radial distance from one another. The invention also relates to automobiles containing the spring elements according to the invention.
Aus Polyurethanelastomeren hergestellte Federungselemente werden in Automobilen beispielsweise innerhalb des Fahrwerks verwendet und sind allgemein bekannt. Sie werden insbesondere in Kraftfahrzeugen als schwingungsdämpfende Federelemente eingesetzt. Dabei übernehmen die Federelemente eine Endanschlagfunktion, beeinflussen die Kraft-Weg-Kennung des Rades durch das Ausbilden oder Verstärken einer progressiven Charakteristik der Fahrzeugfederung. Die Nickeffekte des Fahrzeuges können reduziert werden und die Wankabstützung wird verstärkt. Insbesondere durch die geometrische Gestaltung wird die Anlaufsteifigkeit optimiert, dies hat maßgeblichen Einfluss auf den Federungskomfort des Fahrzeuges. Durch die gezielte Auslegung der Geometrie ergeben sich über der Lebensdauer nahezu konstante Bauteileigenschaften. Durch diese Funktion wird der Fahrkomfort erhöht und ein Höchstmaß an Fahrsicherheit gewährleistet.Suspension elements made from polyurethane elastomers are used in automobiles, for example in the chassis, and are well known. They are used in particular in motor vehicles as vibration-damping spring elements. The spring elements take on an end stop function, influencing the force-displacement characteristic of the wheel by developing or strengthening a progressive characteristic of the vehicle suspension. The pitching effects of the vehicle can be reduced and the roll support is increased. The geometric design in particular optimizes the starting stiffness, which has a significant influence on the suspension comfort of the vehicle. The targeted design of the geometry results in almost constant component properties over the service life. This function increases driving comfort and ensures the highest level of driving safety.
Aufgrund der sehr unterschiedlichen Charakteristika und Eigenschaften einzelner Automobilmodelle müssen die Federelemente individuell an die verschiedenen Automobilmodelle angepasst werden, um eine ideale Fahrwerksabstimmung zu erreichen. Beispielsweise können bei der Entwicklung der Federelemente dasDue to the very different characteristics and properties of individual car models, the spring elements must be individually adapted to the different car models in order to achieve an ideal chassis setup. For example, when developing the spring elements, the
Gewicht des Fahrzeugs, das Fahrwerk des speziellen Modells, die vorgesehenen Stoßdämpfer sowie die gewünschte Federcharakteristik berücksichtigt werden. Hinzu kommt, dass für verschiedene Automobile aufgrund des zur Verfügung stehenden Bauraums individuelle, auf die Baukonstruktion abgestimmte Einzellösungen erfunden werden müssen.The weight of the vehicle, the chassis of the specific model, the intended shock absorbers and the desired spring characteristics must be taken into account. In addition, individual solutions tailored to the construction must be found for different automobiles due to the available installation space.
Aus den vorstehend genannten Gründen können die bekannten Lösungen für die Ausgestaltung einzelner Federelemente nicht generell auf neue Automobilmodelle übertragen werden. Bei jeder neuen Entwicklung eines Automobilmodells muss eine neue Form des Federelements entwickelt werden, das den spezifischen Anforderungen des Modells gerecht wird. Dabei sind als Anforderungen insbesonderezu nennen:For the reasons mentioned above, the known solutions for the design of individual spring elements cannot generally be transferred to new automobile models. With each new development of an automobile model, a new form of spring element must be developed that meets the specific requirements of the model. The requirements in particular include:
• Weicher Einsatz• Soft insert
· Definierter KrafWWegverlauf· Defined force path
• Definierte Wegbegrenzung• Defined path limitation
• Nutzung des begrenzten Bauraums• Use of limited installation space
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung war es somit, für ein spezielles, neues Automobilmodel! eine geeignete Zusatzfeder mit den oben genannten Funktionen zu entwickeln, die den spezifischen Anforderungen gerade dieses Modells gerecht wird und einen möglichst guten Fahrkomfort und eine ausgezeichnete Fahrsicherheit gewährleistet.The object of the present invention was therefore to develop a suitable additional spring with the above-mentioned functions for a special, new automobile model, which meets the specific requirements of this model and ensures the best possible driving comfort and excellent driving safety.
Gerade die räumliche Ausgestaltung der Federelemente, d.h. ihre dreidimensionale Form, hat neben ihrem Material eine entscheidenden Einfluss auf ihre Funktion. Über die Form der Federelemente werden die oben genannten Funktionen gezielt gesteuert.In particular, the spatial design of the spring elements, i.e. their three-dimensional shape, as well as their material, has a decisive influence on their function. The above-mentioned functions are controlled in a targeted manner via the shape of the spring elements.
Diese dreidimensionale Form des Federelements muss somit individuell für jedesThis three-dimensional shape of the spring element must therefore be individually designed for each
Automobilmodell entwickelt werden.
30automobile model to be developed.
30
Diese Anforderungen werden durch die eingangs dargestellten Federelemente erfüllt.These requirements are met by the spring elements presented at the beginning.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Federelemente sind im Detail beispielhaft in den Figuren 1 und 4 dargestellt. In allen Figuren sind die angegebenen Maße in [mm] angegeben.The spring elements according to the invention are shown in detail as examples in Figures 1 and 4. In all figures, the dimensions given are in [mm].
Gerade diese dreidimensionale Form erwies sich als besonders geeignet, den spezifischen Anforderungen durch das spezielle Automobilmodell gerecht zu werden, insbesondere auch im Hinblick auf die spezifischen räumlichen Anforderungen und die geforderte Federcharakteristik.This three-dimensional shape proved to be particularly suitable for meeting the specific requirements of the particular automobile model, particularly with regard to the specific spatial requirements and the required spring characteristics.
Die Erhebungen (xx) befinden sich bevorzugt in einer Höhe (xxx), gemessen vom dem Ende des Dämpfungselementes (i), das der umlaufenden Lippe gegenüber liegt, von 5 mm bis 30 mm, besonders bevorzugt 10 mm bis 30 mm, insbesondere 12 mm bis 25,5 mm.
5The elevations (xx) are preferably located at a height (xxx), measured from the end of the damping element (i) which is opposite the circumferential lip, of 5 mm to 30 mm, particularly preferably 10 mm to 30 mm, in particular 12 mm to 25.5 mm.
5
Die Erhebungen (xx) weisen bevorzugt eine Höhe (xxi) zwischen 0,5 mm und 2 mm, besonders bevorzugt 1 mm auf.The elevations (xx) preferably have a height (xxi) between 0.5 mm and 2 mm, particularly preferably 1 mm.
Bevorzugt befinden sich fünf umlaufende Einschürungen (vi) auf der äußeren Oberfläche des Dämpfungselementes (i).Preferably, five circumferential constrictions (vi) are located on the outer surface of the damping element (i).
Die erfindungsgemäßen Körper (i) basieren bevorzugt auf Elastomeren auf der Basis von Polyisocyanat-Polyadditionsprodukten, beispielsweise Polyurethanen und/oder Polyharnstoffen, beispielsweise Polyurethanelastomeren, die gegebenenfalls Harn-Stoffstrukturen enthalten können. Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Elastomeren um mikrozellige Elastomere auf der Basis von Polyisocyanat-Polyadditionsprodukten, bevorzugt mit Zellen mit einem Durchmesser von 0,01 mm bis 0,5 mm, besonders bevorzugt 0,01 bis 0,15 mm. Besonders bevorzugt besitzen die Elastomere die eingangs dargestellten physikalischen Eigenschaften. Elastomere auf der Basis von Polyisocyanat-Polyadditionsprodukten und ihre Herstellung sind allgemein bekannt und vielfältig beschreiben, beispielsweise in EP-A 62 835, EP-A 36 994, EP-A 250 969, DE-A 195 48 770 und DE-A 195 48 771.The bodies (i) according to the invention are preferably based on elastomers based on polyisocyanate polyaddition products, for example polyurethanes and/or polyureas, for example polyurethane elastomers, which may optionally contain urea structures. The elastomers are preferably microcellular elastomers based on polyisocyanate polyaddition products, preferably with cells having a diameter of 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm, particularly preferably 0.01 to 0.15 mm. The elastomers particularly preferably have the physical properties described at the outset. Elastomers based on polyisocyanate polyaddition products and their production are generally known and described in many ways, for example in EP-A 62 835, EP-A 36 994, EP-A 250 969, DE-A 195 48 770 and DE-A 195 48 771.
Die Herstellung erfolgt üblicherweise durch Umsetzung von Isocyanaten mit gegenüber Isocyanaten reaktiven Verbindungen.The production is usually carried out by reacting isocyanates with compounds that are reactive towards isocyanates.
Die Elastomere auf der Basis von zelligen Polyisocyanat-Polyadditionsprodukte werden üblicherweise in einer Form hergestellt, in der man die reaktiven Ausgangskomponenten miteinander umsetzt. Als Formen kommen hierbei allgemein übliche Formen in Frage, beispielsweise Metallformen, die aufgrund ihrer Form die erfindungsgemäße dreidimensionale Form des Federelements gewährleisten.The elastomers based on cellular polyisocyanate polyaddition products are usually produced in a mold in which the reactive starting components are reacted with one another. Generally common molds can be used as molds, for example metal molds, which, due to their shape, ensure the three-dimensional shape of the spring element according to the invention.
BASF Aktiengesellschaft 20030393 #; #..# #&Rgr;.&Egr;53,&Zgr;05&Ogr;&xgr;BASF Aktiengesellschaft 20030393 #; # .. # # &Rgr;.&Egr;53,&Zgr;05&Ogr;&xgr;
Die Herstellung der Polyisocyanat-Polyadditionsprodukte kann nach allgemein bekannten Verfahren erfolgen, beispielsweise indem man in einem ein- oder zweistufigen Prozess die folgenden Ausgangsstoffe einsetzt:The polyisocyanate polyaddition products can be prepared by well-known methods, for example by using the following starting materials in a one- or two-stage process:
(a) Isocyanat,(a) isocyanate,
(b) gegenüber Isocyanaten reaktiven Verbindungen,(b) compounds reactive towards isocyanates,
(c) Wasser und gegebenenfalls(c) water and, where appropriate,
(d) Katalysatoren,(d) catalysts,
(e) Treibmittel und/oder(e) propellants and/or
(f) Hilfs- und/oder Zusatzstoffe, beispielsweise Polysiloxane und/oder Fettsäuresulfonate. (f) Auxiliaries and/or additives, for example polysiloxanes and/or fatty acid sulfonates.
Die Oberflächentemperatur der Forminnenwand beträgt üblicherweise 40 bis 950C, bevorzugt 50 bis 9O0C. Die Herstellung der Formteile wird vorteilhafterweise bei einem NCO/OH-Verhältnis von 0,85 bis 1,20 durchgeführt, wobei die erwärmten Ausgangskomponenten gemischt und in einer der gewünschten Formteildichte entsprechenden Menge in ein beheiztes, bevorzugt dichtschließendes Formwerkzeug gebracht werden. Die Formteile sind nach 5 bis 60 Minuten ausgehärtet und damit entformbar. Die Menge des in das Formwerkzeug eingebrachten Reaktionsgemisches wird üblicherweise so bemessen, dass die erhaltenen Formkörper die bereits dargestellte Dichte aufweisen. Die Ausgangskomponenten werden üblicherweise mit einer Temperatur von 15 bis 12O0C, vorzugsweise von 30 bis 11O0C, in das Formwerkzeug eingebracht. Die Verdichtungsgrade zur Herstellung der Formkörper liegen zwischen 1,1 und 8, vorzugsweise zwischen 2 und 6.The surface temperature of the inner wall of the mold is usually 40 to 95 ° C, preferably 50 to 90 ° C. The molded parts are advantageously produced at an NCO/OH ratio of 0.85 to 1.20, the heated starting components being mixed and introduced into a heated, preferably tightly sealed mold in an amount corresponding to the desired molded part density. The molded parts are cured after 5 to 60 minutes and can therefore be demolded. The amount of reaction mixture introduced into the mold is usually such that the resulting molded bodies have the density already shown. The starting components are usually introduced into the mold at a temperature of 15 to 120 ° C, preferably 30 to 110 ° C. The degrees of compaction for producing the molded bodies are between 1.1 and 8, preferably between 2 and 6.
Die zelligen Polyisocyanat-Polyadditionsprodukte werden zweckmäßigerweise nach dem one shot-Verfahren mit Hilfe der Niederdruck-Technik oder insbesondere der Reaktionsspritzguss-Technik (RIM) in offenen oder vorzugsweise geschlossenen Formwerkzeugen, hergestellt. Die Reaktion wird insbesondere unter Verdichtung in einem geschlossenen Formwerkzeug durchgeführt. Die Reaktionsspritzguss-Technik wird beispielsweise beschrieben von H. Piechota und H. Röhr in "Integralschaumstoffe", Carl Hanser-Verlag, München, Wien 1975; DJ. Prepelka und J.L Wharton in Journal of Cellular Plastics, März/April 1975, Seiten 87 bis 98 und U. Knipp in Journal of Cellular Plastics, März/April 1973, Seiten 76-84.The cellular polyisocyanate polyaddition products are advantageously produced by the one-shot process using low-pressure technology or, in particular, reaction injection molding (RIM) in open or preferably closed molds. The reaction is carried out in particular with compression in a closed mold. The reaction injection molding technique is described, for example, by H. Piechota and H. Röhr in "Integralschaumstoffe", Carl Hanser-Verlag, Munich, Vienna 1975; DJ. Prepelka and J.L Wharton in Journal of Cellular Plastics, March/April 1975, pages 87 to 98 and U. Knipp in Journal of Cellular Plastics, March/April 1973, pages 76-84.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE20313895U DE20313895U1 (en) | 2003-09-04 | 2003-09-04 | Shock absorber comprises hollow cylinder made from polyisocyanate polyaddition product with lip at end and 2 -10 studs at same height on its outer surface |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE20313895U DE20313895U1 (en) | 2003-09-04 | 2003-09-04 | Shock absorber comprises hollow cylinder made from polyisocyanate polyaddition product with lip at end and 2 -10 studs at same height on its outer surface |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE20313895U1 true DE20313895U1 (en) | 2003-11-13 |
Family
ID=29558165
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE20313895U Expired - Lifetime DE20313895U1 (en) | 2003-09-04 | 2003-09-04 | Shock absorber comprises hollow cylinder made from polyisocyanate polyaddition product with lip at end and 2 -10 studs at same height on its outer surface |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE20313895U1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009037207A1 (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-03-26 | Basf Se | Auxiliary spring having axially running contour elements |
-
2003
- 2003-09-04 DE DE20313895U patent/DE20313895U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009037207A1 (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-03-26 | Basf Se | Auxiliary spring having axially running contour elements |
| CN101802438B (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2012-09-05 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | Supplementary spring with axially extending contour elements |
| US9982735B2 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2018-05-29 | Basf Se | Supplementary spring with axially extending contour elements |
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