DE2030240A1 - Suction head for devices that work by means of suction and pressure - Google Patents

Description

PATENTANWÄLTE F-W-HEMMERICH-GERDMULLeR-D-GROSSE

AS. June 1970 gowe 71 204

Zimmermann & Jansen limited liability company, 516 Düren, Bahnstrasse 52

Suction head for wet excavators that work by means of suction and pressure effects

The invention relates to the inlet opening of the Conveying line containing suction head for by means of suction and pressure effect based on the principle of the mixed air lifter dredgers having working facilities. Such suction heads have a delivery pipe in which A compressed air line leads to the mouth area, so that the compressed air can pass into the water-filled delivery line able and the promotion according to the principle of the mixed air lifter by displacing water from the Delivery line starts.

To the reduction be included to promote material is * known to the suction heads of laßbaggern with them in de- -

ren mouth area enclosing and up to the mouth to equip extending drivable cutter heads, their knife-like trained degradation and Loosening tools the natural soil or ground stir up in the area of the mouth and crush the soft material there. They are such Knife heads known - their shaft obliquely to the axis of the Conveyor pipe stands. Such axes can be with little Store expenses, and let the I / ager see enough before the damaging influence of the suction material

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PATENT LAWYERS F.W. HEMMERICH -GERD MÜLLER- D. GROSSE

secure by sealing. It turns out to be disadvantageous but in a number of cases that to reveal a sufficient central cross-section of the conveyor pipe the axis is often arranged eccentrically, so that transverse forces are exerted on the conveyor head. .

To intensify the breakdown, especially if the actual mouth of the suction head is buried by material breaking down, a special flushing device according to the German utility model 1 970 496 is used. The mouth area of the delivery pipe is. Surrounded here by an inlet that can be acted upon by fresh water, which ■ can bring fresh water into the mouth area of the delivery pipe «. - -. '■ -

For further suggestions, the cutter head should be centered on the circumference of the conveying pipe or one surrounding it Be stored pipe. Such a storage proves to be due to the size of the roller bearings used as extraordinarily costly. The freestanding drive, which is laid outwards, is directly exposed to the attack of the material to be dismantled and is subject to it therefore heavy wear. In a further development, that is given between the outer tube and the cutter head Space as a passage cross section of a flushing device utilized,. those who. Bearing aurehsetzit-.and- ■ thus ■ always tends to. Suspended matter in particular finer degradation products to be fed to the stores, so that in practical use there is an inadmissibly high level of saponification of the costly stores - "and: un * - desired low. Maintenance intervals become necessary.

The invention is based fön of gave up, easy to create one, rolmsten suction head to Shaphan _B

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PATENT LAWYERS F.W. HEMMERICH -GERD MÜLLER O. GflOSSE ■■ -, ** ■ - ..,

subject to little wear and tear, and its wearing parts are easily replaceable, so inspections only are required at large time intervals and are easy and therefore inexpensive to carry out.

This is achieved in that the suction head is equipped with two pipes concentrically surrounding the delivery pipe while maintaining a spacing, the spaces between which serve solely for the supply of compressed air or rinsing water, and by the outer pipe with two. · Which is designed as a closed body of rotation base of the blade head cross-flanges is provided, between which the rotary body and the off \ seals it supporting bearings are arranged, wherein one of the flanges sealed to the driving motion of the cutter head switching gear members with covers and having a they cross hood is provided.

It has proven useful to connect the pipes surrounding the delivery pipe to one another on both sides by means of ring flanges and the upper Enae of the conveyor pipe with one of the the upper of the two ring flanges overlapping and releasably connected to the outer flange to 'provided. That The lower Enae of the delivery pipe is expediently supported by means of ribs extending radially outward in the interior the two pipes surrounding it. *

The mouth of the delivery pipe was recognized as worthy of imitation to let step back opposite the ends of the outer tubes and the front of the mouth of the conveyor tube pending inner wall of the outer tube surrounding it to be covered by a wear-resistant lining, which is preferably exchangeable. With forteil the bearings supporting the body of revolution on both sides are considered to have an angular profile

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PATENTANWÄLTE F.W. H EM M E RICH · G E R D MÜ LLE R · D. G R O SSE - £ "-, ^^

Plastic rings guided metal rings executed, with the rotation body expediently the metal rings has, one of which, preferably the upper one, is designed as a toothed ring or has a toothed ring. It was recognized as worthy of imitation, the upper of the flanges delimiting the body of revolution with a motor equip, the output pinion engages in a ring gear connected to the rotating body. engine and flange are advantageously connected to one another by flanging. It has proven itself between the Motor and the output pinion to provide a reduction gear, which is carried out on both the motor and the flange Flanging can be attached. It was recognized as worthy of imitation, preferably additionally the engine and / or to support the reduction gear by means of struts provided on the outer tube, on a reduction gear In particular, they can be omitted if, to drive, • a hydraulic motor designed as a low-speed motor is used.

It was recognized that the tools of the cutter head were detachable and interchangeable with the rotating body to be connected, so that if necessary · the replacement of these wearing parts can be carried out quickly and easily is.

Both the one formed between the conveying pipe and the casing pipe and between the casing pipe and the Spaces adjacent to the outer pipe are advantageous in each case assigned in this leading pipe bend, the connecting flanges of which point upwards at short distances are arranged next to the wall of the outer tube. While the pipe bend 11 is supplied with compressed air from a pipeline, whose shots are expediently with

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PATENT LAWYERS F.W. HEMMERICH ■ GERD MÜLLER · D LARGE £ U 0 U £ H U

those of the delivery line are connected, pipe joints are only applied to the pipe bend 15 until the Fresh water supply is assured. It has proven itself here, the pipe bend 15 or the attached to it ' to assign an adjustable and / or controllable throttle valve to the closed line in order to freshen the admixture To be able to control water expediently also during the actual promotion. As worth emulating it was recognized that the pipe bend 15 is preferably a controllable one Assign motor pump. By setting or regulating the pump speed, the quantity and pressure I Determine the rinsing water to be supplied. If necessary, such a pump can be installed on the excavator itself be provided and connected to the pipe bend 15 by means of pressure hoses or pipes.

It was found that water penetration was worth imitating to equip serving openings 30 of the flanges 17 and / or with nozzles which discharge the water directed. It has also proven useful to keep the nozzles interchangeable so that different nozzles are used Cross-section and / or by changing the outlet direction of the water the respective delivery conditions This can be taken into account by adapting the nozzle ring to the material to be conveyed. The respective Setting the required amount of water can also be achieved by opening the water outlet openings an adjustable and / or controllable diaphragm device 32 is assigned.

The efficiency of the suction head can be improved by the provided for supporting the inner pipe Ribs are arranged at an angle and designed as a diffuser, which swirls the air flowing through it confers.

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PATENT LAWYERS F.W. HEMMERICH -GERD MÜLLER · D. GROSSE

In detail, the features of the invention of the following description of an embodiment are in Described in connection with this illustrative drawings. It shows here:

Fig. 1 in longitudinal section a suction head and

Fig. 2 enlarged and broken off a section by a flange equipped with a diaphragm device.

In the figure, the lower end of the conveying line is one based on the principle of the itrischluftlifters working excavator serving suction head shown. The conveyor pipe 1, which is due to the high stress is made of particularly wear-resistant material, is with the formation of a gap at a distance of surrounded by a jacket tube 2, which in turn is surrounded by an outer tube 3, also at a distance. Around this drill can be driven in rotary motion, a cutter head 4 provided, the rotationally symmetrical base body designed as a rotary tube 5

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is formed. A replaceable head piece 6 equipped with knife inserts is placed on the rotary tube, and plate-shaped tools 7 are also held exchangeably on the lower Enae, for example by screws arranged. This ensures that the most heavily stressed tools can be replaced quickly and with little effort as the wear and tear progresses.

The upper ends of the jacket tube 2 and the outer tube 3 are connected to one another by a Einflansch ^ on which the conveyor pipe 1 is screwed with the outer flange 9 connected to it. The detachable connection, which is also designed here, allows the if necessary separate replacement of the most heavily stressed delivery pipe without having to dismantle the suction head yourself

The clear width of the conveyor pipe 1 is fully available for material transport. The intermediate space 10 formed between the conveying pipe 1 and the jacket pipe 2 is via a compressed air line, not shown, and the pipe bend 11 ßowit the pipe socket 12 compressed air fed. The pressure is chosen so high that any water in the space 10 is down is printed until the compressed air reaches the free end of the conveyor pipe 1 and over the edge into this able to overflow. The air bubbling upwards displaces water in the delivery pipe, and with increasing ascent and, associated with this, As the pressure drops, the air bubbles enlarge their own Volume and thus that of the displaced water. This makes the water column in the delivery pipe and the adjoining delivery line lighter and more effective

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PATENT LAWYERS F.W. HEMMERICH · GERO MÜLLER · D GROSSE

lower pressure than the layer of water outside the suction head, so that water enters the mouth of the conveyor pipe 1 flows in and a stream. . by" pulls the head piece 6 and the tools 7 loosened material with it. The mouth of the delivery pipe 1 occurs against that of the jacket tube 2 zurüdk, and the jacket tube tapers conically towards the free end. This effectively counteracts an outflow of the compressed air which deteriorates the efficiency. In the lower part of the jacket tube 2, the free end of the conveyor tube 1 is centered around it radially Ribs 13, while the free inner wall, which is therefore subject to stress and wear of the jacket pipe is covered by a wear-resistant, submersible lining 14, which to facilitate the Bringing is divided into two levels.

Via a pipe socket 15, shown in dashed lines, connected to the outer pipe from behind, the between the jacket tube 2 and the outer tube 3 formed space 16 supplied fresh water so that as soon as the The mouth of the suction head is completely buried, fresh water can still penetrate from above and the The suction head mouth is able to flush free again · It is not necessary to remove the pipe bend 15, which is Pipes is expediently extended upwards, to be provided with special sealing caps; it has been found to be sufficient proven to keep the cross-section of the feeder so small that during normal operation of the The dredger does not allow any amounts of water that would impair the efficiency through the openings of the free ends of the jacket pipe 2 and the outer pipe 3 connecting flange 17 are able to occur in the case of filling up increased negative pressure but sufficient amounts of water to flush out through the intermediate space 16 and allows the openings 30 of the flanges 17 and 18 to enter

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PATENT LAWYERS F, W. H EM ME RICH · GERDM Ü LLER · D. LARGE ^ " ^U

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On the outer tube 2 are, 'in the area of processed conditions, Laterally bounded by flanges 18 and 19 and overlapped radially, plastic rings 20 having a right-angled profile are provided which serve as bearing surfaces serve to accommodate metal rings 21 and 22, which in turn are connected by the rotary tube 5. The flange 18 is releasably held, while flange 19 protrudes so far that not only the bearings to the outside, d. H. up here, are covered, but also the means providing the drive. The cover through the flange 18 is further reinforced by the fastening flange of the head piece 6, so that here too the storage areas are protected from penetration and thus from attack by foreign bodies as far as possible »

The metal ring 22 is formed on its outer surface as a ring gear 23 and transmits the through a pinion 24 mediated drive movement on the cutter head The pinion 24 is, possibly with the interposition of a Coupling and / or an additional shaft connected to the output shaft of a reduction gear 25, which is driven by a motor 26. A particularly simple structure results here from the fact that the motor 26 is flanged onto the reduction gear, and this in turn in a corresponding manner the flange 19 is flanged. Because of the relatively large overall length of the parts placed one on top of the other these are additionally supported laterally against the outer tube 3 by struts 27. Ring gear 23 and pinion 24 and the bearings formed by the metal ring 22 and the plastic ring 20 are against floating in the water or even particles or masses falling from a wall to be dismantled are protected by a hood 28,

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which, reinforced by ribs 29, is screwed from below against the flange 19 and the parts to be protected except for a small gap acting as a labyrinth seal. In any case, the influx of removed from the outside and thus exhibiting suspended matter Avoided water, and the sealing gap provided at the deepest point of the hood serves the tendency to release any foreign bodies that have entered.

It has been found that in a number of cases it is useful during the normal operation of the dredger to additionally supply fresh water to the suction head through the flushing device. One such case lies For example, when it comes to extracting fine-grained goods, for example sand. Such a good is useful anyway degraded with an excess of water, and small fluctuations in the intensity of the water flow can lead to the fact that the entrained in the delivery pipe It falls well downwards and clogs the lower areas of the delivery line and the suction head. In the exemplary embodiment such an additional water supply can be effected in that the pipe bend 15, the on these pipes reaching as far as the fresh water area as well as the space 16 with a large cross-section, d. H. low flow resistance. The openings 30 of the flange 18 are internally threaded equipped, which allow the introduction of nozzles. By means of such nozzles, the water jets can pass through be directed at a favorable angle. By exchanging the nozzles for smaller ones Cross-section, the amount of water that passes through can be specified. It has been proven, however, to require one to effect passage control through a throttle valve, which in the course of the line to the pipe

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PATENT LAWYERS F.W. HEMMEBICH ■ GERD MÜLLER · D.GROSSE

arch 15, expediently in or on this itself, provided is. By means of such a valve, the flow rate can be adjusted to the desired value in each case to adjust. A better effect is achieved with an underwater pouch that is applied to the drill bits 15 and TCM excavator is operated from regulated. When the pump is at a standstill, the flow resistance is very high ^. and virtually no water appears from the openings 30. However, with increasing speed of the pump the water flow and the pressure with which the flow exits also increases and can be finely regulated or adjust. In the case of a modified exemplary embodiment, regulation can also be implemented in stages or achieve continuously adjustable aperture: According to Fig. 2, which is an enlarged section through the Flanges 17 and 18 is shown by means of the fastening screw 31 not only the flange 18, but also the one diaphragm device 32 encompassing an annular disk 33 held. In the illustrated position of the diaphragm device 32, the openings 34 thereof lie above the openings 35 of the flange 17, so that in each case the full cross section is available for ingress of water. By Rotation of the diaphragm device 32 is released from both the opening 35 and the opening 34 Area iuier smaller until finally a complete one Closing the openings occurs. The rotation of the diaphragm device 32 can be carried out by means of a Bowden cable 3 or achieved by hydraulic cylinders operated from above or pneumatic cylinders working against a spring so that according to the respective working condition the optimal amount of fresh water supplied can be measured.

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Il

Otherwise, those provided according to the invention can also be used Train construction elements to achieve optimal efficiency. The ribs 13 of the inner tube 1 obliquely against its surface lines, d. H. thus running helically, arranged and one for the compressed air passing through Form guide apparatus, which gives the compressed air passing through an additional twist.

Due to extensive protection of the drive of the suction head against suspended matter or even compact dismantled matt rial, a significantly longer service life of the driven parts of the suction head is wrong than was previously possible. Increasing the lifespan of ditser Combining parts with the ability to keep wearing parts easily replaceable results in a robust and easy-to-maintain suction head, which can be winded for a long time, and which, if wear is detected, simply replaces the worn parts is fully operational again within a short time for replacement parts.

109852/1011

Claims (1)

PATENTANWÄLTE F.W.HEMMERICH GERD MÜLLER D.GROSSE id. June 1970 g.ke 71 204 Zimmermann & Jansen, limited liability company, 516 Düren, Bahnstrasse 52 Claims Suction head containing the inlet opening of the delivery line a wet excavator which works by means of suction and pressure action according to the principle of the mixed air lifter with a device in the mouth area of the conveyor pipe leading compressed air line, one that secures the access of fresh water, at least in the mouth area the delivery pipe is concentric surrounding flushing channel, as well as one in the mouth area surrounding the suction head and extending up to the mouth extending, preferably knife-like dismantling and loosening tools having, drivable, centric cutter head mounted to the conveyor pipe, d a d u r c h g e k e η η ζ e i c h η e t, " that it has two pipes (2, 3) surrounding the delivery pipe (1), the spaces (10, 16) of which are used solely for supplying compressed air or rinsing water, and that the outer tube (3) has two Has flanges (18, 19) which the bearings (plastic rings 20, metal rings 21, 22) or those mediating the drive movement Gear members (ring gear 23 »pinion 24) of a closed rotary body (rotary tube 5) forming the base of the cutter head 4 overlap laterally and seal it off enclose between them, and one of which (19) a hood which also seals over the gear members (28). 109852/1011 PATENT LAWYERS F.W. HEMMERICH GERD MÜLLER D.GROSSE _ ^ _ 2. suction head according to claim 1, characterized, that the bores (2, 3) surrounding the conveyor pipe (1) are connected to one another on both sides by annular flanges (8, 17) are, and that the upper end of the delivery pipe (1) one of the upper (8) of the two fiingflansche overlapping and having an outer flange (9) releasably connected to it. 3. Suction head according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that that the lower end of the conveyor pipe (i) by means of radially outwardly extending ribs (13) inside a supports the pipe (2) surrounding the conveyor pipe. 4-. Suction head according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mouth of the delivery pipe (1) opposite the ends of the jacket pipe (2) and the outer pipe (3) receded, and that the pending before the mouth of the delivery pipe Inner wall of the jacket tube (2) by a wear-resistant lining, which is preferably held in an exchangeable manner (14) is covered. 5. Saufcopf according to claims 1 to 4 ·,
characterized in that the bearings supporting the rotating body (rotary tube 5) on both sides have metal rings (21, 22) guided in an angular "profile; L-ix owning plastic rings (20). 6. suction head according to claim 5, characterized in that the rotary body (rotary tube 5) the metal rings (21,22) having. - 3 - 109852/1011 PATENTANWÄLTE FW HEMMERICH ■ GERD MÜLLER · D, GROSSE ..JJT "- fi 7. Suction head after. Claims 1 to 6, characterized, that preferably the upper (22) of the metal rings is designed as a toothed ring (23) or a toothed ring having· 8. Suction head according to claims 1 to 7 » characterized by ■ that the upper (19) of the planes (18, 19) of the outer tube (3) delimiting the rotating body (rotating tube 5) has a motor (26), the Abtnefcsritzel (24) in the ring gear connected to (the rotating body (rotating tube 5) ( 23) intervenes. 9. suction head according to claim 8, characterized in that a reduction gear (25) is provided between the motor (26) and the pinion (24) 10. Suction head according to claims 8 or 9 * characterized, that the motor with the reduction gear (23) or the Flange (19) and / or possibly the reduction gear (25), are connected to the flange (19) by flanging. 11 · Suction head according to claims 8 to 10, characterized by preferably additionally provided on the motor (26) and / or the reduction gear (25) laterally engaging struts (27) provided on the outer tube (3) 12. suction head according to claims 1 to 11, marked by Use of a low-speed hydraulic motor 109852/1011 PATENT LAWYERS F.W. HEMMEfllCH GERO MÜLLER- O. GROSSE 13. Suction head according to claims 3 to 12, .characterized, that the ribs (13) are arranged helically and designed as a diffuser. 14 suction head according to claims 1 to 13, characterized in that that the tools (7, head piece 6) of the cutter head (4) are detachable and interchangeable with the rotating body (Rotary tube 5) are connected. 15. Suction head according to claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the intermediate spaces (10, 16) formed between the conveying pipe (1) and the casing pipe (2) and the casing pipe (2) and the outer pipe (3) in each case in these leading pipe bends (11, 15) are assigned, the connecting flanges of which are arranged facing upwards at short distances next to the wall of the outer tube (3). 16. Suction head according to claims 1 to 15 _t, characterized in that the pipe bend (15) serving for the fresh water supply is assigned an adjustable and / or controllable throttle valve. 17. Suction head according to test 1 to 15, thereby g e k eη η ζ e i c h η e t, that the pipe bend (15) serving for the fresh water supply is assigned a preferably controllable motor pump. - 5- 109852/101 1 PATENT LAWYERS F.W. HEMMERICH · GERD MÜLLER ■ D.GRDSSE 18, suction head after inspection 1 to 17, d ä d U roh g ei e η η ζ e i c h η e t, : daiä the openings serving for the passage of water (-30) the flanges (17 and / or 18} with a lighting effect exercising nozzles are equipped. 19ο suction head according to claims 1 to 18, since α u roh gen. e η η ζ e i c hn e t, that the nozzles are kept interchangeable. 20. suction head according to claims 1 to 19, da d ure h g e k e η η ζ e i c h η et, that the openings (30) of the flanges (17 and / or 18) serving for the passage of water have an adjustable and / or adjustable aperture gate device (32) is assigned. 109852/1011 BAD ORJÖfNAt Blank page