DE2028781A1 - High pressure mercury vapor iodide discharge lamp - Google Patents

Description

'"■' · ■■■ PHN- 4201

ΑηητΗυηο vomi -JQ ₀ JtHlI 1970

N «V. Philips · Gloeilampenfabrieken, Eindhoven / Holland

"High pressure mercury vapor iodide discharge lamp"

The invention relates to high pressure mercury vapor -Iodide discharge lamp, which is provided with a discharge vessel, the wall of which when the lamp is operated with a

2 performance is charged between 10 and 100 ¥ per cm. In such a lamp is discharged in a Gas atmosphere containing a noble gas, mercury vapor and the iodides of one or more elements. The noble gas serves to promote the ignition of the lamp. At the operating temperature of the lamp, the mercury vapor pressure has a Value between about 1 and 300 atm. and the iodides have partially decomposed.

It is known from U.S. Patent 3,234,421, additional Elements in the form of the iodides of these elements in the discharge vessel of a high pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp to introduce, which changes the color of the emitted light and improves the color rendering will. In most cases, so will the light output influenced favorably by the lamp.

In the US patent mentioned, for. B. a lamp

PHN 4201 - 2 -

009882/1442

202871ί

described, which in addition to a noble gas and mercury also contains sodium iodide and / or lithium iodide "The lamp contains an excess of sodium and possibly lithium iodide, ie that when the lamp is operated, sodium iodide or lithium iodide that has not evaporated is still present. In connection with the dosage of these alkali iodides in the lamp, a very large excess is used in practice. The alkali odides mentioned make a considerable contribution to the yellow and the red part of the spectrum of the radiation emitted by the lamp Indium are introduced. The visible spectrum of the radiation emitted by the lamp then has four _s and, if lithium is used, six, strong emission lines of these elements.

For those applications in which particularly strict requirements are placed on the reproduction of colors, an addition to the spectrum is necessary. In particular, when the lamp is used in addition to natural light, as in film and Farfeferasehaufnahmen is ®B desirable that the spectrum of the radiation emitted by the lamp comes close to the continuous daylight spectrum. This could be achieved by introducing elements into the lamp which have many emission lines in the visible area, such as rare earths.However, experiments have shown that when the rare earth iodides are introduced into a Höchdruek silver vapor iodide discharge lamp, the Sträh2uBgg The contribution of these elements is suppressed to a considerable extent by the emission of the egg metals sodium and lithium; which iOEED in

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202S781

of the lamp must be present in order to avoid the predominantly blue To compensate the impression of the radiation of the rare earths »

A high pressure mercury iodide discharge lamp according to the invention with a discharge vessel, the wall of which when operating the lamp with a power between 10 and 100 W per cm is loaded and that a lot of noble gas,

■ z

0.5 to 40 mg of mercury per cnr of the contents of the discharge vessel, such an amount of sodium and / or lithium in the form of sodium iodide or lithium iodide that at Operation of unevaporated sodium iodide and / or lithium iodide is present, and 0 to 15 wt. # thallium (on the j

Amount of mercury calculated), is characterized in that the discharge vessel contains titanium in an amount between 0.01 and 5 parts by weight the amount of mercury present contains, and that the amount of iodine is at least so large that the sodium, lithium, thallium and Titanium to sodium iodide, lithium iodide, thallium iodide or Titanium iodide can be bound and no more than twice is greater than this amount.

A lamp according to the invention contains a small amount of titanium;) odid, thereby reducing the spectrum of the emitted radiation in the range between 400 and 650 nm with a multitude is supplemented by emission lines. As a result, the radiation emitted by the lamp has a spectral distribution that comes very close to the spectrum of daylight. In addition, the lamp can have a high luminous efficiency.

Like the known lamps, a laape according to the invention contains an excess of sodium and / or lithium iodide. It has been found that the Eaission of the Titanium is only influenced to a small extent by the presence of sodium and / or lithium. A lamp

009882 / U42

according to the invention can further contain thallium. Especially in those cases in which, in addition to a satisfactory Color rendering also requires high luminous efficacy, is the addition of thallium to the discharge atmosphere he wishes.

The amount of mercury in the discharge vessel of a lamp the invention should be between 0.5 and 40 mg per cm of content of the discharge vessel can be selected. It has been found that the amount of titanium in a lamp after the Invention between 0.01 and 5 Gew.?l (calculated on the amount of mercury present) should be. If the amount of titanium used is outside these limits, will Obtain lamps that are less useful in practice. If there is thallium in the lamp, the amount should be thallium not more than 15 wt. # (calculated on the amount of mercury) be.

The total amount of iodine in a lamp according to the invention should be at least so large that the existing sodium, lithium, thallium and titanium to sodium iodide, Lithium iodide, thallium iodide or titanium iodide bound while it should not be more than twice this minimum amount. The iodine can be in elemental Form are introduced into the discharge vessel. In the In most cases, however, the iodine is in the form of iodides of the other elements to be introduced into the discharge vessel dosed.

Lamps according to the invention preferably contain an amount of mercury between 0.3 and 30 mg per cnr of the contents of the discharge vessel. With these quantities, a more stable discharge is obtained /

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By changing the titanium and optionally the thallium content of a lamp according to the invention within the the aforementioned limits can be the color temperature and the Color impression of the emitted radiation influences and the requirements made for a given application be adjusted.

For lamps with a relatively low wall load, namely between 10 and 30 W / cm, the amount of mercury is preferably 0.5 to 5 mg per awr content of the discharge vessel. It has been found that the most favorable results with regard to color reproduction "

and light output would be obtained if the amount of titanium between 0.1 and 2 wt.% of the amount of mercury and the amount of thallium 1-15 QEV.% of the amount of mercury will be selected. Such lamps are z. B. used in those cases where a long life is required, such as street lighting.

For light sources with a relatively high wall load, between 30 and 100 W / cm, as in Lamps with great brightness is required, preferably an amount of mercury between 5 and 30 mg per cm Contents of the discharge vessel used. Lamps of this |

Type according to the invention are preferably 0.01 to 0.1 wt,% of titanium and 0.5 to 10 wt.% Thallium (calculated on the amount of mercury) provided. Such lamps can, for. B. find application in portable lighting equipment.

Some embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are described in more detail below »Es ssöigeni

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1 shows a lamp according to the invention,

Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of a lamp according to the invention and

3 shows a graphic representation of the spectral distribution of the radiation emitted by a lamp according to the invention.

In Fig. 1, 1 denotes the discharge vessel made of quartz glass a high pressure mercury vapor iodide discharge lamp according to the invention. A pinch 2 or 3 is formed at the two ends of the discharge vessel 1! in these bruises are power supply links 4 or:? melted down. These power supply elements are connected to tungsten electrodes 6 and 7 within the discharge vessel, between which the discharge takes place during operation. The discharge vessel 1 is in a z. B. made of tempered glass Outer sheath 8 is arranged, which has a pinch 9 at one end, through the power supply wires 10 and 11 are passed through in a vacuum-tight manner. The power supply wires 10 and 11 are connected to the power supply members 4 and 5 and also serve as Support clamps for the discharge vessel · The discharge vessel 1 has an inside diameter of 15.5 m and a Content of 7 »5 cm. The distance between the electrodes is 41 mm,

Fig. 2 shows a lamp according to the invention with a relatively high wall load that can be used without an outer covering. 11 denotes the discharge vessel made of quartz glass, which has an inner diameter of 15.5 mm and a content of 5 car. The electrodes 12 and 13 are spaced 15 mm apart

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are with the help of power supply elements 14 resp. connected to contact terminals 16 and 17.

Example I.

The discharge vessel of a lamp according to FIG. 1 was with

25 mg Hg

0.05 mg Tl 30 mg NaI 20 mg LiI

1.0 mg HgJ ₂ (

2.0 mg TlJ

and further filled with a mixture of neon and Q.5 # argon to a pressure of kO Torr. The following were measured from this lamp:

Lamp current 3 _{f 3O A}

Arc voltage 122 V

Power 378 W.

Light output 66.7 lumens / W.

The color impression of this lamp was white. The color tempera- | door was around 5500 ° K and the color rendering was excellent The spectral distribution of this Laape is in Flg. shown. In Flg. The abscissa 3 is the wavelength λ in run and as ordinate the energy E of the emitted radiation per constant wavelength interval in any Units plotted. From the graph it can be clearly seen that the entire visible part of the spectrum is occupied by emission lines.

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BATH ORIGINAL

Example II

The discharge vessel of a lamp according to FIG. 1 was with

25 mg Hg

0.1 mg tsp

30 mg NaI

20 mg LiJ

1.0 mg HgJ ₂

1.0 mg TlJ

filled. The following were measured from this lamp:

Lamp current 2.94 A.

Arc voltage 146 V

Power 366 W

Luminous efficiency 55 * 8 lumens / W.

In comparison with the lamp according to Example I, the color impression is a little more pink.

Example III

A lamp with a design similar to that of FIG. 1, the but an electrode spacing of 80 mm and a volume of 120 cm, which lamp is suitable for a performance of 2000 W was used with

225 ng Hg

20 mg TlJ

10 ag HgJ ₂

0.5 eg Ti

200 mg NaJ BAD ORIGiNAL

100 mg LlJ

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and further filled with a mixture of neon and 0.5 % argon to a pressure of 40 torr.

The color impression of the light was cool white; the color rendering was satisfactory,

Example IV .

A lamp according to Fig. 2 iiurde with

50 mg Hg 1.0 mg TlI 4.0 mg HgI ₂ 0.02 mg Ti 4 mg NaI

4 mg LiJ argon at 50 torr

filled. The following were measured from this lamp:

Lamp current 6.1 A

Arc voltage 120 V

Power 650 W

Luminous efficiency 83 lumens / W.

This lamp was almost like daylight Color impression. The color rendering showed only shading differences with that of daylight.

Example V

A lamp with a design according to FIG. 1 was with

25 mg Hg 2.0 mg TlJ

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0.2 mg Ti

2.0 mg HgJ ₂

20 mg NaI

20 mg LiJ

and filled with a lot of noble gas. The following were measured from this lamp:

Arc voltage 147 V power 400 W light output 59.2 lumen / W »

The color temperature of the radiation emitted by a lamp was around 7000 ° K.

Example VI after Fig. 1 was with A lamp 25th mg Ed 1.0 mg HgJ ₂ 0.1 mg Ti 30th mg Well 20th mg LiJ

filled. The following results were obtained from measurements on this lamp containing no thallium:

Lamp current 3.61 A.

Arc voltage 118 V

386 W power

Luminous efficacy 55.5 Lümen / W »

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The color impression of this lamp was pink to white. The color temperature is about 450O ⁰ K.

Example VII

A lamp of the type shown in Fig. 1 was with

25th 0 mg Ed 2, 2 mg HgJ ₂ O, mg Ti 30th mg Well 20th mg LiJ

filled. This lamp, which, like the lamp according to Example VI, did not contain any thallium, resulted in measurements following values:

Lamp current 3.02 A. Arc voltage 143 V

Power 359 W

Luminous efficiency 50.0 lumens / W.

The color impression of this lamp was bluish-white and the dyeing temperature was about 7000 ° K.

Claim - 12 -

009882/1442

BADORiGlNAL

Claims (4)

Patent claims: Λ 1J high pressure mercury vapor iodide discharge lamp with a discharge vessel, the wall of which loads between 10 and 100 W per cm when the lamp is in operation and which contains: an amount of noble gas, 0.5 40 mg Hg per cm of content of the discharge vessel, such Amount of sodium and / or lithium in the form of sodium iodide or lithium iodide that does not evaporate during operation Sodium iodide and / or lithium iodide is present, and 0-15 wt.% Thallium (calculated on the amount of mercury), characterized in that the discharge vessel Titanium in an amount between 0.01 and 5 wt.% Of present amount of mercury, and that the "amount of iodine is at least so large that the sodium, lithium, thallium and titanium present to sodium iodide, lithium iodide, Thallium iodide or titanium iodide can be bound, while this amount of iodine is at most twice this amount. 2. High-pressure mercury vapor iodide discharge lamp according to claim 1, which contains an amount of mercury between 0.5 and 30 mg per cm ^{3 of the} content of the discharge vessel. 3. High-pressure mercury vapor iodide discharge lamp according to claim 2, in which the wall load of the discharge vessel is between 10 and 30 W / cm and the 0.5-5 mg of mercury per cm ^{3 of the} content of the discharge vessel and 1-15% by weight Thallium (calculated on the amount of mercury it contains, characterized in that the discharge vessel contains titanium in an amount between 0.1 and 2% by weight of the amount of mercury present). 4. High pressure mercury vapor iodide discharge lamp after - 13 - ■ 009882/1442 Claim 2, in which the wall load of the discharge vessel is between 30 and 100 W / cm and the 5 to 30 mg mercury per cm of content of the discharge vessel and 0.5 to 10 wt.% Thallium (calculated on the amount of mercury), characterized in that the Discharge vessel contains titanium in an amount between 0.01 and 0.1% by weight of the amount of mercury present. 009882 / U42