DE2025310C3 - Axle drive for vehicles formed from two planetary gear change gears - Google Patents

Description

3 4

of the two side by side connected to the base plate 26 in a common written manner Gear housing arranged planet gears changeable or rotatable eelaeert on this. A driver's seat 27 transmission through at least one d ^ r two coaxial, is shown schematically, the one above the Achsais Hollow shafts formed output shafts is located and carried out in the usual way with the base is, and that the friction shift brake 5 plate 26 is connected.

sen for the reaction members of the two planetary The travel direction selector 21 has a

gear change gearbox and the friction shift brakes direction selector lever 30 on which with a shift shaft

for each of the two output shafts, as well as which is permanently connected to the 31, which can be rotated on the base plate

optionally connecting each of the output shafts with 26 is mounted. With the ends of the selector shaft 31

one of the members of the associated planetary gears- io connecting levers 32 are fixedly connected, which at

change gear, provided clutches in turning the shift shaft 31 by means of the driving

Within the directional selector lever 30 serving to switch the two planetary gear change gears

common gear housing are arranged. be moved over an arc. Through feathers,

Due to this design, the two stops 34, which are located on both sides of a stop 34 connected very closely to the connecting planetary gear change gearbox, will be arranged on the other so that the two planets can be connected to an elastically resilient drive connection to the change gear change gearbox without difficulty the rod 35 made. The rods 35 are used to accommodate the common gear housing adjusting intermediate levers 37, which in turn can. The gear housing can be mounted in its central rotatable area on the gear housing of the axle drive between the two planetary gear changers. Via the intermediate levers 37, the self-driven are designed to be completely closed, located on both sides of the axle drive 10 because, in contrast to the previously known axle drive in planetary gear change gearbox for forward travel, no drive shaft is switched in this area by revolving, idling or reversing,
The gear shifting devices 22 and 23 are in must. The axle drive according to the invention therefore has the same structure so that only the gears have a very compact structure, which is described in particular shifting device 22, this facilitating the placement and installation of the axle drive in the description also on the gear shifting device 23 vehicle. applies. The gear shifting device 22 has a

In the drawings, in the following Bc- is a switching axis attached to the base plate 26

Embodiment 30 41 on a rotatably mounted gear shift lever 40. On

one formed from planetary gear change gears the end of the mounted on the shift axis 41

Axle drive for the wheels or caterpillar tracks on the gearshift lever 40 is a sleeve surrounding it

the vehicle sides shown according to the invention. 42 is provided with a flange 43, which by means of a

It shows joint 44 rotatable with a shift rod 45

F i g. 1 is a top plan view of an in a 35 bundcn. The shift rod 45 is with a two-

Vehicle built-in final drive connected to the inven- tive adjusting lever 46. The adjusting lever 46

application, is around one on the gearbox of the final drive

F i g. 2, a pivot axis 48 supported partially in section, supported rotatably. Brake crack part of a vehicle and the location of the belt are with the two arms of the two-armed Axle drive in this, 40 adjusting lever 46 connected. And tias is the end of one thing

F i g. 3 is an end view in the direction of the brake band 52 rotatable on one in the one arm

Arrows 3-3 of FIG. 2, pivot 51 provided for the adjusting lever 46,

F i g. 4 shows a cross section through the final drive during the end of another brake band 55

along the line 4-4 of Fig. 1, rotatable with one in the other arm of the actuator

F i g. 5 shows a view of the axle drive with journals 54 which are partially 45 provided in an articulated manner.

wise broken case and that is. A threaded bolt 56 is each to the

F i g. 6 is a view taken along line 6-6 of pivots 51 and 54 and is hinged by one

Fig. 5. Thread 57 in one in the gear housing of the axle

The in the F i g. I and 2 shown, from the planetary drive displaceable guide piece 58 mounted.

Axle drive 10 formed by ten wheel change gears so that one fork 58 ″ on its other

for the wheels on the two sides of the vehicle with two ends in which a pin 58 b is mounted.

Output shaft has a drive pulley 11. The ends of the brake bands 52 and 55 are respectively

on, which is led around the pin 58 i> by a drive belt Ί2. The end of the

engine of a vehicle is driven. Braking bands 52 and 55 are made into a loop

The output shafts each carry a sprocket 15 or 55 and forms, for example, in the one in the drawing

16, each with a drive belt 18 and one illustrated manner by means of a sheet metal clamp 55

Keltenrad 19 form a Kettcnvortrieb via which the held. The operation of the band brakes unc

Wheels or caterpillars on either side of one, the actuation of the same by the gear shifting device

Vehicle are driven. directions 22 and 23 will be used in conjunction with dei

The switching device for the axle drive consists of 60 Description of the mode of operation of the axle drives!

from a Fahrtrichtu'igselvoirichlung 21 and on the basis of FIG. 4 explained in more detail.

Gear shifting devices 22 and 23. FIG. 4 shows the final drive, which is a gearbox

In Fig. 2, the final drive is in a vehicle housing 60 with two planets located in this

shown installed, which has a räderwechselgetricbcn 61 and 62 on a chassis. Eini

arranged base plate 26, on which the 65 Fahrlrichtungsstcllvorrichtung 63 is for each tarpaulin

Axle drive is fastened for example by bolts. tenräderwcchsclgctricbe 61 and 62 are provided. Tuesday

The direction of travel selection device and the gear- the Planctenrädenvcchselgelricbc from the same on

Sound devices are in a construction below, only the planet gears are changed

Drive 61 and the associated direction of travel of the output shaft 95 for a common rotation adjusting device 63 described in detail, being tied.

this description also on the planctcnrädcrwcch- The shift sleeve 97 points on its outside

selgetricbe 62 applies. The planar gear changing claws 104 open. With these shift claws 104

drive 61 is used to drive the sprocket 15, 5 counter claws 105 can be brought into engagement

while from the planetary gearwcchsclgctricbc 62 the one that takes place on the planetary gear carrier 78 of the planet

Sprocket 16 is driven. those who are on the planetary gear carrier 78 of the planel

Corresponding counter claws 106 are located on the ring gear 82 on one connected to the base plate 26 The transmission housing 60 is provided with the fastening flange 66, which is connected to the sonic claws 104 of the switching means Bolt 67 attached. The drive belt- io sleeve can be brought into engagement. the disk 11, which is connected by the drive belt 12 shift sleeve 97 can thus be in a Lecrlaufstellung is driven, which in turn stand by the drives shown in Fi g. 4 is shown in which the switchboard of the vehicle is driven, a claw 104 drives neither with the opposing claws 105 nor with mil for both planetary gear change drives 61 and 62 the opposing claws 106 are in engagement. Besides common drive shaft 70 for the axle drive »5, the shift sleeve 97 can move into a sound position. On the drive shaft 70, the sun gears are brought, in which the sonic claws 104 with the 71 of the two Planclenrädcrwechselgetricbe 61 and counter claws 105 mesh, and in a further shift 62 arranged. A central flange 75, which by position, in which the switching claws 104 with the counterwind bolts and nuts between the halves of the pawl 106 are engaged.

Gear housing 60 is held, is used to 20 The brake bands 52 and 55 are spiral urr

would take a central bearing 76, which in the following the corresponding brake drums arranged around

the way described in the piercing manner for the storage of glosses. The brake bands have a spring effect

that of the planetary gear change gears 61 and 62 soft they acted upon in the unwinding direction, where-

serves. Disengaged from the brake drum between the drive shaft 70 and the bearing.

76 an annular space 77 is provided, which a 25 can be brought. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 can be seen,

allows certain bending of the drive shaft 70. is the guide piece 58 by one against the

The central bearing 76 serves to support and move the adjusting lever 46 in a clockwise direction Guide of the planetary gear carrier 78 attracted each Planelen-, and the brake band 52 is around the gear change transmission, in which several axles 79 brake drum on Planetcnräderträger 78 gcvorgesehcn around are each clamped to the rotatable bearing 30, since it leashes on one in the central flange 75 Planetary gears 80 are used. The planctcnr-wheeled peg 115 is anchored. The gearbox Carrier 78 is on its circumference as a brake drum 60 also carries a pin 117, which for Veranausgcbildet, which has a braking surface 110. A kerung of one end of the brake band 55 is used Ring gear 82 is integral with a drum 84 before- The brake bands are designed so that the between seen, which has a hub 85 acting from a load 35 the brake band and the brake drum gerbbohrung86 of the gear housing 60 received engagement force can be changed, so that the Abwird, whereby the ring gear can be rotated in the gear housing in a variably adjustable manner 60 is stored. The ring gear 82 meshes with the brakes or as a function of the engagement force the planetary gears 80, which in turn with the Son variable output speeds of the Internal gear 71 are engaged. 40 planetary gear change drives received.

The Fahrtrichtungstcllvorrichtungcn 63 for The mode of operation of the axle drive planetary gear change drives 61 and 62 will now be briefly explained. In order for the axle drive to open the clutch actuator 90, which rotates in the vehicle in the forward direction of travel, a bore 91 of the transmission housing 60 is mounted Direction selector lever 30 to the front or in the Dar-IM. The clutch actuator 90 is in the 45 position of FIG. 2 rotated clockwise. Connected by intermediate levers 37, which in turn are actuated by this switching of the direction selector lever 30, the travel direction selector device 21. the sound sleeves97 in the representation according to FIG. 4 A pin 93 is pushed inward on the clutch actuator 90 and bring the shifting claws eccentrically mounted. On a hollow output shaft 104 with the opposing claws 105 for engagement. With this isl 95, for example, the chain wheel 15 is attached, which 50 of the planetary gear carrier 78 the output link of the PIada or the gear change gear located on one side of the vehicle and drives the respective wheel or crawler. The drive shaft sprocket 15 or 16 carrying output shafts 70 is passed through the hollow output shaft 95. 95 at. In both planetary gear change gears 61 Since the output shafts 95 on both sides of the drive and 62 are the same drive connection, each tool is hollow, the connection 55 Despite this circuit, the vehicle remains in the idle drive pulley 11 and the drive shaft 70 stood because neither of the two band brakes is actuated and each side of the axle drive is arranged and thus no reaction element for the tarpaulin, although the belt pulley 11 in FIG. 4 is present on the gear change transmission. The final link ropes of the final drive are shown lying down. In the forward direction of travel, the gear shifting devices 22 and 23 must be shifted. The output shaft 95 has latching grooves 98 at the same time towards the front, that is to say according to the illustration, into which one in the shift sleeve 97 F i g. 2 can be swiveled clockwise. A ring spring 100 is mounted so that the pivoting movement of the gearshift levers rotates the shift sleeve 97 is held in one of three positions, the shift rods 45 and the adjusting levers 46, which correspond to the locking grooves 98, are counterclockwise. The _{locking 6 5} clockwise and tighten the brake bands 55, which means 98 and the ring spring 100 thus represent a locking device for the shift sleeve 97 through the brake bands 55 around the brake drums 84. Shift sleeve is splined 102 mil. If the ring gears 82 are held and the sun

wheels 71 are driven is in each planetary gear change gear a forward drive geared to slow speed, which is switched via the planetary carrier the sprockets 15 and 16 drives. Depending on the exerted on the gearshift levers The force that determines the slip between the brake band and the brake drum can also be different Set output speeds, for example for starting. After the brake bands all over have been engaged, the output speeds are only adjusted by adjusting the Engine speed of the vehicle changed.

To move the vehicle in the opposite direction of travel, i.e., to move in the reverse direction, the direction selector lever 30 must be counterclockwise be pivoted, whereby the intermediate lever 37, the shift sleeve 97 in the switching position for the reverse drive, in which the shifting claws 104 engage with the opposing claws 106 the brake drum 84 of the ring gear 82 are. The «planetary gear change gears 61 and 62 are then both switched to their switching position for reverse travel. However, the vehicle is still in the Standstill because the brake bands 52 are not applied. To start off in the reverse direction, as after the direction selector lever 30 has been placed in the reverse position, the gear shift levers 40 of the gear shifting devices 22 and 23 backwards, i.e. H. in the representation according to F i g. 2 can be swiveled counterclockwise. As a result, the brake bands 55 throw in the released State held and the brake bands 52 tensioned so that the latter is in engagement with the braking surfaces 110 come to the planet gear carriers 78. When the planetary gear carriers 78 are braked and throw the sun gears 71 driven by the drive shaft 70, throw the ring gears 82 and through this the brake drums 84 and the output shafts 95 with a translation into slow speed the shift sleeves 97 driven. By changing the force of engagement of the brake bands 52 with the Braking surfaces 110, different output speeds can be obtained in the reverse direction, for example for starting up.

With the axle drive according to the invention, both in the forward and in the reverse position throw braked. When the vehicle z. B. in the manner described above in Moved in the reverse direction, the shift sleeves 97 are in the switching position in which they are a Establish a drive connection between the brake drums 84 and the output shafts 95. If therefore Throw the brake bands 55 tightened in the reverse position, throws braked because the brake drum 84 is connected to the vehicle wheels or crawlers. For driving in reverse direction the gear shift lever 40 would have to be pivoted counterclockwise. Throw the When the gearshift lever 40 is in neutral, the vehicle is in neutral, and when the Then throw the gear shift lever 40 pushed forward, throw the brake bands 52 and release interrupt the reverse drive while the brake bands 55 are in engagement with their braking surfaces 112 and act as a wheel or caterpillar brake of the vehicle, through which the Throw vehicle braked. In the same way, the gearshift levers are used to drive in the forward direction 40 brought into the front position which is shown in the illustration according to FIG. 2 of the clockwise corresponds pivoted position. When the gearshift lever 40 is in the furthest opposite direction Are brought clockwise pivoted position, the brake bands 55 are released and the brake bands 52 are attracted and thus brake the planetary gear carrier, which acts as a vehicle brake because it mil the wheels or the tracks of the vehicle is connected.

This mode of operation of the axle drive allows the vehicle to be braked only by that the gear shift levers for the band brakes throw brought into a position which is opposite to dei Direction of travel in which the vehicle is driven by the direction selector lever used to select the direction of travel 30 is switched. Thus, due to the structure of the axle drive described above, no additional Braking is required as the brakes needed to shift forward and reverse also use to brake the vehicle; can throw.

The brake bands 55 and 52 have a resilience that acts to the effect of the brake bands disengage from their associated brake drums. This ensures that throw the brake bands out of engagement with the brake drums when they switch Throw the gears serving shift lever 40 in the neutral positions, which leads to the operation of the Vehicle is required.

The switching positions of the axle drive can be shown using the table below:

Directional wheel or track wheel or caterpillar

change chain on one on the other

Vehicle side vehicle side

Slightly
Sharp
Turn
Turning on the
Job

drive
drive

Neutral
Brakes

Forward travel Reverse travel

In order to carry out slight changes in direction, one gear shift lever 40 is in the neutral position leave while the other gear shift 'lever 40 is set so that only one wheel or a caterpillar is driven on one side of the vehicle. A sharp change of direction will then obtained when the one gearshift lever 40 is in the drive position for the wheel or crawler one side of the vehicle is brought while the other gear shift lever 40 is in the braking position is brought for the opposite side of the vehicle. Thus, both minor and also sharp «change direction when driving forwards and backwards. Turning on the place can be obtained in that the one planetary gear change gear for forward travel and the other planetary gear change gear is set for reverse travel and the corresponding Throw band brakes engaged so that the wheel or crawler belt is on one side of the vehicle in the forward direction, and the wheel or caterpillar on the other side in the reverse direction is driven. So that a planetary gear change in the reverse position and the other in the forward drive position

609610/161

can be brought, the direction selector device 21 would have to be modified in that the shift shaft 31 is omitted and the shift rods 35 can be actuated independently of one another. Even though Such a structure is not shown, it is also within the scope of the invention.

As can be seen from the description above, the axle drive has a compact design, and it can translate the vehicle into slow speed, both in forward and in reverse direction are driven. The switching brakes available for switching the axle drive are used as brakes usable for the vehicle. In addition, this axle drive has a common drive shaft is used, and two output shafts are provided so that the vehicle can be steered thereby can that the wheel or the caterpillar driven on one side of the vehicle and the wheel or

10

the crawler belt on the other side of the vehicle: either not driven, braked or driven in the opposite direction of travel. The Fahrtrichtungswählvorrichtung described here uses a special lever arrangement in dei when selecting forward or Rückwärtsnchtung all planetary wheel gear change at the same time and for the purpose of easy operation by means of a single direction selector lever 30 in the forward or reverse drive position be brought.

The final drive can be operated in a simple manner, since the gear shift levers 40 are moved forward to drive the vehicle in the forward direction and moved backwards to drive in the reverse direction, and braking takes place by setting in the opposite direction, which is a logical and self-evident arrangement .

For this purpose 3 sheets of drawings

Claims (4)

ι 2 shift brakes, each planetary gear change gear Parentansnriiehe has its own gear shift lever! (40) provided claims. . ^ ^ ^ Gearshift lever (40) optionally ge i ii d ^ ^ g g 1. From two planetary gear change gears jointly in the same direction, jointly in opposite directions or formed axle drive for vehicles, in particular 5 separately actuated for caterpillar vehicles, with a common 5th axle drive according to claim 1 or AnAntriebswelle and two coaxially arranged therewith claim 1 and one or more of the speech th, the drive of a wheel or a track 2 to 4, characterized in that a travel chain on the Opposite sides of the Fahrrichtungswählvorr.chtung (21) are provided .st, d, e tool serving output shafts, one io each from a direction selector lever (30) and on this link each planetary gear change gear with the connected drive shaft with intermediate levers (37) is connected, there is a second link of each connected shift rods (35), where the planetary gear change gearbox is connected to the intermediate lever (37) clutch actuating element by means of a friction shift brake, which can be braked ex-wise, on each Output shaft 15 centric pins (93) each in shift sleeves (97 of the one shift sleeve of a form-fitting shift for Mschiüssigen clutches for the tarpaulin clutch for the optional connection of the secondary gear change gears (61 and 62) engage, the drive shaft with one of the links of the planetary, whereby the shift sleeves are provided in positions for the front gear change gear and one each for upward, reverse and idling of the tarpaulin one of the output shafts acting 20 tenräderwechselgetnebe are switchable.
Friction brake is arranged, whereby both planetary gear change transmissions together for driving in forward or reverse direction or in idle mode, as well as for steering
only one planetary gear change gear for drive 25 of the wheel or the caterpillar chain on a vehicle The invention relates to one of two planetary side can be switched, thereby gear change gears formed axle drive for g eke η η ζ eich η et that the common, of vehicles, especially for caterpillar vehicles, one of the two sides of the Axle drive (10) with a common drive shaft and two co-driven drive shafts (70) of the two axially arranged next to each other in a common gear housing or a crawler on the opposite side (60) arranged planetary gear change gears of the vehicle are used to drive a wheel Output shafts, whereby (61 and 62) through at least one of the two a link of each planetary gear change gearbox is connected to coaxial output shafts formed as hollow shafts of the drive shaft, a second link shafts (95) is passed, and that the friction 35 of each planetary gear change gearbox as Reaction exercise switching brakes for di e reaction elements of the element can be braked by means of a friction shift brake optionally two planetary gear change gears (61 and 62), on each output shaft one shift brake and the friction shift brakes for each of the two sleeves of a positive clutch to the output shafts (95) as well as those for optional connection the output shaft with a sen connection of each of the output shafts with one of the links of the planetary gear change is seen in front of the links of the associated planetary gear change and a friction shift brake that acts on one of the output gearboxes is arranged halfway between the two planetary gear change gears, whereby both planetary gear change gears are in common Gear housing (60) are arranged in common for driving in forward or reverse. 45 in the direction of travel or on a leeward basis, as well as for steering 2. Axle drive according to claim 1, characterized in that only one planetary gear change gear for driving indicates that the friction shift brakes are off the wheel or the crawler belt on one side of the vehicle can be switched several times wrapped around their brake drums. There are brake bands (52 and 55) that can be brought into French engagement with a known axle drive of this type (francler action of an actuating force in a French additional patent specification 24 405 and an internal patent 5 12166) is the common drive shaft have resilience, between the two planetary gear change gears that the brake bands (52 and 55) are arranged when the is omitted, the drive shaft in turn disengaging from the associated bevel gears via actuating force from a perpendicular to the braking surfaces (110 and 112) on the brake 55 drive shaft arranged drive machine drums can be brought. output shaft is driven. The two planets 3. Axle drive according to claim 1 or the gear change gearbox are arranged with corresponding discussions 1 and 2, characterized in that the one housing was arranged on both sides of the drive shaft in separate by tightening the brake band (55). This arrangement requires a friction shift brake a drive with transmission 60 a relatively large space requirement, which makes installation in the vehicle more difficult when slowing down in the forward direction and stands by tightening the brake band (52) of the other ren friction shift brake a drive with over-axle drive of the type mentioned in such a way that it slows down in the reverse direction so that it has a more compact structure,
is switchable. '5s This task is performed with an axle drive of the 4. Axle drive according to spoke 1 and an initially specified type according to the invention thereby or more of claims 2 and 3, solved in that? the common one, from one of the two characterized in that the drive shaft is driven for switching the friction sides of the final drive