DE2024650C3 - Device for reslurrying and emptying the contents of a fixed or movable storage container for solids, in particular an ore transport container - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an apparatus for reslurrying and emptying the contents of a Fixed or movable storage container for solids, in particular a transport container, the one Approximately horizontal bottom wall, at least one cesspool with a discharge opening and at least one Has high pressure liquid jet nozzle for the liquid solvent and slurry.

In a known device of this type (US Pat. No. 33 16 023) there are fixed jet nozzles placed just above the cesspool, from which jets of liquid obliquely upwards into the container are directed, the walls of which are continuously curved and the course of the liquid jets participate. It works with low pressure and with flooding in order to precede the discharge process an almost completely homogeneous mixture of the load with the liquid solvent and sludge agent to produce, which should then fall into the cesspool by its own weight.

There is also a device for emptying and moving dust from containers known (DT-PS 4 31 616), in which a tube with a laterally arranged Air nozzle is rotatably built into the container to be emptied. It is also known (German utility model 18 65 877), sludge that has deposited in a wagon container, in the way again To make eligible that water is added to the separated sludge via nozzles.

The invention is based on the object with possible

<ό lends simple means a particularly economical one Slurrying and conveying of ore, which od in the form of fine particles in ship holds. The like. Stored and is solidified to enable high efficiency. In many cases it is required to have mineral or ore solids to be stored in a ship hold or in another container used for storage, or again to remove from this. A slurry containing the mineral solids is then poured into a

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such storage container is pumped so that the Solids settle in it due to their own gravity. The water content of the original slurry, that collects over the solids is then withdrawn while the settled mass remains of mineral solids. Shocks or vibrations, such as those in ships caused by the normal movement of the ship and also by the ship's machinery a further compression of the settled solids into a compact solid body. This has the advantage a good use of the available space as well as a prevention of undesired movements of the load during the journey, however, the unloading of the solid matter compacted in this way is at the destination usually troublesome. The mass is not flowable and cannot be transferred in a flowable state opposes a high resistance, since it is a contiguous Forms solid of considerable strength and high resistance to flow. The mass has none Angle of repose and can even span large cavities in a bridge-like manner. Even with systems on land similar difficulties can arise. Hence an economical solution to the above problem of great practical importance.

For the above-mentioned object, the embodiment according to the invention is to be seen in "dab" at a device of the type mentioned at the outset, each cesspool of one with the rest of the bottom surface the container is covered approximately flush grating and that above it the high pressure liquid jet nozzle is arranged movably by means of a drive device in such a way that the beam direction h progresses in an approximately horizontal plane is changeable.

The device according to the invention makes it possible to use the solids content of an ore transport container to unload quickly and economically. The solids can be from any particulate matter, the nature of which is similar to that of mineral ores, while the Liquid solvents and slurries from fresh water, sea water, brine or even from a non-aqueous one Liquid can exist.

The device according to the invention enables in particular an economical sea transport of ores, also from smaller or more distant deposits. This does not involve extensive investments Required for port facilities, as the loading and unloading of ships with the solids in slurried Form allows the ship to be at a point off the coast, a so-called off-shore station.

In the drawings, several exemplary embodiments of the training according to the invention are shown.

F i g. 1 is a schematic work plan and illustrates the processes involved in loading and unloading Ships with a device according to the invention;

F i g. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary longitudinal elevation cross-section through a ship carrying the invention Contraption;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a load compartment of the the inventive device receiving ship with retracted hatch covers, and shows the interior of the hold;

F i g. Fig. 4 is an elevational cross-section, transverse to the ship's longitudinal direction, through a ship's hold, along Her Line 4-4 of FIG. 3;

F i g. Fig. 5 is a plan view of an unloading device n £ lch the invention, and shows its details;

r i g. 6 is a cross section taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 5;

F i g. 7 is a cross section taken along line 7-7 of FIG. 5;

F i g. 5 is a schematic top plan view of tubing for the engine shown in FIGS. 2 to 7 shown cargo space;

F i g. 9 is a fragmentary elevational view of the irrigation system for the ones shown in FIG. 5 cesspool shown;

FIG. 10 is a top plan view of the flush system of FIG Fig. 9;

F i g. 11 is a perspective view of the invention Training receiving ship anchored at a point offshore and is connected to a suitable pumping station for loading or unloading;

F i g. Figure 12 is an isometric view of a modified embodiment of a cesspool discharge device according to the invention;

Fi g. Figure 13 is an elevation cross-section through another Embodiment of a device designed according to the invention for transferring solids into a flowable state;

14 is a top plan view taken along line 14-14 of FIG. 13;

Figure 15 is a cross section taken along line 15-15 of Fig. 14;

Figure 16 is a cross section taken along line 16-16 the F i g. 15;

Figure 17 is a top plan view of a cesspool and irrigation nozzles, taken generally along line 17-17 of FIG. 13;

18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 18-18 of FIG. 17;

Figure 19 is a cross-section through the head of the device shown in Figure 13, taken along the line 19-19 of FIG. 13 on an enlarged scale;

F i g. Figure 20 is a cross section taken along line 20-20 of Figure. 19;

F i g. Figure 21 is a cross-section through a flush nozzle made in accordance with the invention, taken along the line 21-21 of fig. 17;

F i g. 22 is an end view of a flush nozzle taken along line 22-22 of FIG. 21;

F i g. Figure 23 is a top plan view of an onshore facility in accordance with the invention;

F i g. 24 is a cross section taken along line 24-24 of FIG. 23;

F i g. 25 is a cross section taken along line 25-25 of FIG. 24;

F i g. 26 is a top plan view of one on La.id Circular system according to the invention;

Figure 27 is a cross section taken along line 27-27 of Figure. 26th

In Fig. 1 shows a schematic work plan, which the processes involved in loading and unloading a ship for the transport of mineral solids, such as iron ore filtrates. In stages 11 become The mineral solids are processed by crushing them or turning them into a slurry suitable size can be brought. For magnetic iron stone concentrate (magnetite) is a grain size distribution of about 75% smaller than 44µ (325 mesh) is sufficient. Of course, many others can also

Grain size ranges convert into slurries, and the invention is equally applicable to these ranges as well applicable. In 12, an appropriate amount of water is added and added with the mineral solids blended into a pumpable slurry with a high solids content. The amount of water will be on limited a value so that later only a lowest possible Amount of water must be deducted. It has been shown that for a water and magnetite bevon the impact area is pivoted to an adjacent area. The remaining, freshly trained Slurry is removed simultaneously (stage 20) by moving to the cesspool or to an adjacent one Cesspool flows, causing the formation of standing water or a standing slurry is avoided. In this way the cutting effect of the traveling water jet is at his Impact on the solidified solids un-

standing system reduces a solids content of about 75% io, since it allows a free and unhindered jet or Finding a little less solids gives good results away. The operations are continued for so long and the solids undercut and in shape over an ever increasing area

and that a solids content of up to 80% can also be used. Above 80%, the flowability of the resulting mixture becomes insufficient and decreases
Around 90% solids, the mixture of ₅ sensitive solids collapses, and water and magnetite, too, like a solid. removed one after the other and the cargo space

In stages 13, the slurry is pumped through suitable piping into the hold of a ship. These pipelines can be drained from a flexible slurry until the above be

is empty.

The invention makes it possible within the sphere of influence of high-energy pressurized water

Undercut solids. The effective area of influence extends at a water pressure of 21 at of the water jet over about 4.5 to 6 meters. When the water jets emanate from centers that are approximated 9 meters apart and about 3 to 4.5 meters from vertical bulkheads, a whole bottom layer of solidified solids can be cut away and converted into a slurry and if necessary pull it off so that the

pumps. This Rohrleng g

or semi-flexible pipes or hose _lines pass increasingly larger arched areas that open over the site or * ~ '■ · «~> · - ·.

are led underwater to a point remote from the coast, a so-called offshore pumping station. The slurry settles in the hold of the ship (stage 14), with a portion or a Layer of excess water results in one deposited in the form of a sediment or stronger concentrated portion of solids superimposed. The water layer is drawn off in stage 15 by adding

for example, from above the deposited solids 30 above substances collapse downwards is partially pumped out. For certain systems that must and cannot form a bridge. At Verfür are designed for dry loading (level 16), higher water pressures are the most effective the crushed mineral solids immediately flow area of the water jet larger. The bulkheads pumped into the hold. In some cases it is preferably substantially perpendicular so that it is desirable to load, settle and unite the compacted mass after undercutting

draw water alternately between different " "- .- -

in one hold or one after the other in one and the same hold, with the deducted Water removed and the trim, as well as the cargo distribution of the ship can be precisely determined. In addition, such a cyclical work i hii Bld i Bld ds ship finds inadequate hold, falls down, progressive removed and (level 21) pumped to the coast until the hold is completely empty.

It has also been shown that by changing the rotational speed and the used Pressure controlled the percentage of solids contained in the slurry over a wider range can be. Therefore the density of the slurry (step 23) is monitored and used.

After loading and withdrawing the water ₄₅ , control the pressure applied in stage 24. These or after a dry loading take the values and further information is given in step 25

wise, with gradual loading, loading the ship without the occurrence of high shear forces in the hull and the superstructures.

set solids in the form of an essentially non-shifting charge, which then (step 18) to the Destination is transported. During the voyage, the generated by the ship's engines lead Vibrations and movements of the ship in the sea in connection with that by the Gravity-induced hydrostatic pressure causes the solids to settle into a dense, cake-like manner Mass that is very firm and difficult to restore is convertible into a slurry.

At the destination, these settled, compacted solids are returned to a slurry (stage 19) pumpable consistency transferred into to control the migration speed of the Water jet used. In general, the solids density increases with increasing pressure.

Although the above-described sequence of operations is particularly good for ship transport suitable, it can also be used for many systems located on land. For example, the invention is useful especially good for storage systems for temporary storage of slurry mate rial such as B. for the loading devices of Steel mills. In the case of calming tanks, which are arranged in piping systems for slurries

schlämmug ppg g, there is often a tendency that they are no longer

the jets or streams of high pressure water at the 60 are operational as they are unable to drop the load and immediately above the inner te slurry, which emerges from a temporary floor wall to impact the lowest sections, interrupting the flow in the Pipelines are brought to the load. Every jet of water bounces on results in bringing back into suspension. Also in the case of a portion of the solidified solids, in which case the above-described applications are used to disperse and break them up and use them in a slurry operation, with the exception of working fluid suspended in water. The jet slowly becomes step 18, which refers to the transport of the load to adjacent sections of the compacted fabric,
shifted towards, for example by turning In the F i g. 2 to 9 is a suitable device for

Implementation of the invention shown and consists of a ship 30 with several watertight cargo holds, which are formed by transverse bulkheads 31, longitudinal bulkheads 33, 35 and an inner bottom wall 37. Manifold lines 39 for the slurry are provided with suitable valves 41a to 41, which serve to selectively supply the slurry supplied or discharged to an inlet / outlet pipe 43 to different holds. A water line 45 and a pump 47 serve to remove water from the settled slurry. The ship can anchor at a suitable offshore pumping station 49 (shown in FIG. 9) which is fed by submerged pipeline 51 connected to inlet / outlet pipe 43 so that The conventional loading and unloading systems normally available in port are not required. However, the ship can of course also be loaded and unloaded at conventional port systems, with the advantages of the speed and high performance of the slurry loading and unloading system described here result.

It has been shown that a loading space with a relatively flat bottom wall is more suitable than a loading space for converting the solids into a flowable state. the bottom wall of which consists of inclined surfaces. Therefore, the bottom wall 37 is preferably relatively flat or has only a slight incline in the direction of a discharge sump, but this inclination should only be so strong that the drainage of the slurry formed into a sump is favored. For the same reasons, the longitudinal and transverse bulkheads of the ship are preferably arranged almost vertically, since the mass compacted or fixed within the hold does not have an angle of repose and can form an embankment of 90 ° or form a curve over a cavity below. Under these circumstances, any inclination and in particular a sol φ before acting below about 75 "in the form of an additional Auflagers for the solids and hinders proper operation.

Each hold has at least one cesspool 61 and preferably several cesspools 63, 65, 67, which are each of the same construction and have side walls 69 and end walls 71, which on their Circumference are connected to one another at an opening 73 in the inner bottom wall and towards the bottom converge on a bottom wall 75, in which there is a central opening 77, to which a pipe 79 of circular cross-section which: carries a flange 81 at its lower end.

The opening in the inner bottom wall 75 is covered by a suitable grating 83, the Has strips 85 which rest on the surfaces of the side walls 69. The openings of this grate 83 are sufficiently large so that the slurried substances through the grate 83 into the Cesspool can get to be discharged from this. The rust prevents large lumps from getting in penetrate the cesspool and clog it. At the cesspool in the shape of a rectangular opening diagonal struts 87,88 are provided with a generally cylindrical central portion 89 are welded which extends in the center above the opening 77 is located in the bottom wall of the cesspool. With the middle section 89 and with the diagonally A plurality of rods 91 arranged at the same mutual spacing are connected to extending struts and form slots 93, which are preferably about two inches wide and widen away from the sump, so that the freshly formed slurry which along the inner bottom wall towards the cesspool flows, can enter the cesspool unhindered, but clumps that are larger than the distance between the grid elements, held back above the grate and borrowed through the next pass of the water jet will.

Each cesspool has a slurry outlet port 95 on, which passed through the bottom wall and down through a slide% with but normally connected to a slurry pump 97 located in the side tanks can also be arranged in a pump room 98 of the ship, for example in the one immediately in front of the Engine room located pump room (Fig. 2). The outlet side of the slurry pump is with the outlet pipe 43 connected. As the illustration shows, the inlet side of the pump is directly connected to the Slurry outlet ports 95 of the respective cesspools connected.

In general, it can be difficult to obtain a uniform rate of discharge from the cesspool in a unit time to be obtained if the cesspool is to be kept as free of slurry as possible. Besides that an increase in the inflow from the cesspool creates difficulties for the operation of the pump, since this has a fixed throughput and the solids content in the transfer to the flowable State is not uniform. For these reasons it is desirable to have a certain dwell time in the outlet circuit and to have a certain volume available, by means of which the flow rate and the solids content can be stabilized.

For this purpose, a buffer or settling tank 100 can be provided in the bilge or in the lower side tanks which has an inlet through which slurry flowing under gravity can enter the tank. The calming tank 100 is closed, with the exception of a riser pipe 100a, which is used for ventilation and is led to the upper deck of the ship, and an outlet connected to the slurry pump 97. A pipeline may also be connected to the ship's water system through which additional water can be added to maintain a substantially uniform flow rate in the outlet lines and to prevent slurry settling and the resulting clogging of the pipelines. The inlet for Zusatzwassci can be controlled by means of a suitable level measuring device, which is located within the Bcru higungsbehälters.

Like F i g. 8 shows, a parallel connection can be provided from the slurry outlet line to the ship's low pressure water supply, which consists of a pipe 101 and suitable valves IG2a to 102 / which serve to flush the slurry system.

In the F i g. 6 and 7 are shown in detail the formation of a migrating water jet of high l'ncrgii directly above the grating 83 dicm-nili device. For this purpose, the hollow shaft 103 is provided, which opens at its lower 1 ml into a rotary connector 105 and in "liosri

60V / .0Il I ti

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is rotatably mounted. The connector 105 is partially fixed, is used for sealing with a Pressurized water coupling 107 and allows rotation of the shaft 103. The coupling 107 is with a Pressurized water source 108 connected, which developed a pressure of about 17.5 to 24.6 at.

The upper end of the shaft 103 is closed by a cover 109 of cylindrical shape, so that the shaft and the cover can rotate freely and have no protrusions into one Intervention with the surrounding solids and could be slowed down by them. The Dikke the cover is chosen so that it has one or more openings within openings 111, 113 in its wall Nozzles 117a, 1176 can accommodate and cover which are screwed tightly into the wall of the shaft 103. The shaft 103 is keyed with a sleeve 118, soft is guided by bearings 119, 121, which are aligned in a perpendicular direction to each other and in a Head housing 123 are used, which in turn is connected to the flange 81, the shaft extends upward through the cesspool and through the cylindrical portion 89 of the grating 83 therethrough and is adjustable with respect to the cuff. The height of the shaft and the nozzles on it is chosen so that they are at a height slightly above the grating and preferably up to about 15 cm above the grate. There can also be something in the wall of the shaft at a height A further nozzle 124 may be provided above the grate and serve to remove clumps or other accumulating Clearing out fabrics. There is a suitable seal between the upper bearing and the cesspool 125 is provided and holds back substances causing abrasion and suspended matter. The shaft 103 will rotated by means of a hydraulic motor 127 of the positive displacement type, the output shaft of which with the sleeve and the shaft is connected by a suitable gearbox consisting of one with the output shaft of the motor connected worm wheel 129 and a ring gear arranged on the circumference of the sleeve 131 exists. The hydraulic motor 127 can be connected to a suitable shaft of a pressurized fluid, such as B. hydraulic oil, be connected, but is preferably via a bypass line and a Valve actuated by the pressurized water source 108. The shaft can be shifted up or down, so that there is an optimal setting for the nozzles.

As shown in FIG. 8, the various cesspools are accessed through the high pressure supply pipe 133 and the manifolds 134a to 134c / fed by suitable valves 135a to 135c /, the distribution of the pressurized water to the various cesspools can be controlled optionally. Like F i g. 4 shows each leads Pressurized water line to a flexible hose line 137 which is connected to the rotary connector 105 so that the height of the head supporting the nozzles can be variably adjusted.

The nozzles are arranged offset from one another by 180 ° and are preferably located inside an area of about 3.8 to 15 cm above the inner floor wall of the cargo space. The nozzles are aligned approximately parallel to the surface of the inner bottom wall, so that the nozzle for a flat bottom wall is arranged at a right angle to the shaft and passes through a plane. When the inner If the bottom wall is slightly inclined, the nozzle should be inclined upwards at a small angle, so that date it describes a flat cone as the shaft rotates, but the one given off by the nozzle « Water jet runs approximately parallel to the inner bottom wall at every moment. More nozzles can nen be provided for clearing and for better drainage of the slurry formed, are, however not necessarily required. Such additional nozzles can be oriented in different directions being.

The nozzles 117 are designed in such a way that they can emit a tightly focused jet of water over a considerable distance and can be used for a water pressure of 21 atmospheres. The speed of travel of the nozzles should be less than about 6 RPM and generally should be between ¹ AT RPM and 6 RPM for satisfactory results. At these migration rates, a single head delivered between about 720 to 795 dm ^{3 of} water per minute, with good results being obtained. In this working range, and in particular at 1 rpm, there is an effective range of about 3 to 4.5 m, and the diameter of the water jet widens from a distance of about 1.27 cm. With this injected amount of water, approximately a volume of settled solids is made into the slurry by a volume of water supplied from the nozzles, so that a solids concentration of about 90 to 70 percent by weight of solids results. In a large range of about 560 to 1135 dm ^{3 of} water per minute, a slurry of about 55 to 75% solids is formed, which is sufficient for many purposes

Although each cesspool and nozzle assembly can be operated separately, are preferred all cesspools within a hold operated simultaneously, so that the cutting action and the conversion to the slurry is carried out in such a way that the entire area is above the deposited slurry is simultaneously undercut and cleared out.

Additional high-pressure flushing nozzles can be used as an aid to commissioning the individual cesspools low power should be provided at suitable locations within the cesspool. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 As can be seen, these rinsing nozzles consist of stationary nozzles 155, 156, which are located at the inlet of the outlet connection 95 are arranged, and from nozzles 157, 158 arranged in the manner shown on the cesspool itself are. In addition to the stationary nozzles 155, 156, there are manifold manifolds on each side of the cesspool 160 and 162 are provided, each having a plurality of openings through which transversely to each Collecting pipe smaller jets of water are emitted. The headers are connected by fittings 164 connected to each other, which allow rotation of the pressure line 134. This rotation is done by means of a lever arm 165, for example by hand. These rinsing nozzles deliver a sufficiently large volume of water in a suitable distribution so that the necessary during commissioning and cleaning of the cesspools Sees volume available. Also can a maintenance plate can be provided, which allows substances to be rinsed out or scraped out which a nozzle is blocked from the outside. For the sake of clarity, the drawings the maintenance plate and the flushing nozzles in some fi * "! -

ren not shown.

For continuous measurement of the solids content of the dispensed slurry, within the outlet pipe or at another suitable location within the piping system used for the delivery Sensing devices 151 may be provided. Such a sensing device can, for example, from a gamma-ray measuring device in connection with a suitable reading device exist, whose Output signal can control the pressure control for the pressure <° water system and the nozzles. To change of the water pressure and to maintain a suitable ratio of about 65 to 75% A feedback loop can be provided for solids. The nozzle speed can also be regulated. When using a rotating nozzle, the setting option serves on the one hand to increase the Migration speed of the water jet, so that the grating during commissioning and during the beginning of the emptying is kept free, and on the other hand to reduce the speed, so the higher the tangential velocity of the water jet as the working range of the water jet increases balanced and the speed of movement of the water jet within the range of maximum Effectiveness is maintained.

In Fig. 12 a further embodiment of the invention is shown, in which the height adjustment of the head can be adjusted continuously and variably by remote control. Since the in Fi g. 12 is very similar to the embodiment shown in FIGS. Here, too, the inner bottom wall 37 'has a cesspool 61' and a grating 83 'in a manner similar to that in the exemplary embodiment already described. The cesspool 6Γ consists of inclined, converging side walls which are guided up to a bottom wall 75 ', which is connected to a soft slurry outlet port 95', which can be closed by means of a suitable slide 96 '. In the middle of the bottom wall there is an opening 77 'with a flanged neck portion SV for receiving a seal 125' and a housing 123 ', this arrangement also being the same as in connection with FIGS. 2 to 8 described corresponds to. A suitable hydraulic motor 127 'is connected to a shaft 103' which is splined or keyed to a sleeve (not shown) which is supported in bearings and displaceable by a suitable gear so that the shaft linearly through the sleeve can be moved through. The lower end of the shaft ends in a rotary connection piece 105 'which is connected to a pressurized water line 134' by a sleeving tube 141 and a flexible hose line 137 '. The leg tube 141 has a projection to which the arm 142 of a linear adjusting device 143 is connected, which consists, for example, of a hydraulic piston 145 and a pressure cylinder 147. The other end of the adjusting device is connected to a frame part 148 of the ship. The actuator is through pipelines 149 and a suitable reversing valve (not shown) with a source of pressurized hydraulic fluid such as pressurized water source 108 or the actuator exerts an upward or downward force on the leg tube, thereby moving the inside the cuff guided shaft up or down.

In operation, the nozzles located at the upper end of the shaft can initially be in a lowermost position be brought, in which they first convert the solids in the cesspool into a slurry and use it to clear out the cesspool. Then the shaft is raised by actuating the adjusting device pushed and clears a way so that it can be moved further up into one above the grating lying height can be brought, in which they for the optimal formation of a slurry is set. The middle section 89 of the grating is inclined and simulates itself Above widening cone, through which the water jet or jets are deflected, so that a canal is cleared out in which the head can move. Once the slurry has been dispensed the head is lowered by reversing the adjusting device, with the jet of water still remaining Flushes slurry and particulate matter from the cesspool.

13 to 22 is yet another embodiment of the invention, which is characterized by intermittent rotating operation and mediated a linear actuator is driven by the pressurized water source. That way is the Actuation of the device only dependent on a single source of pressurized water. Also has this embodiment self-opening nozzles, which by the action of pressurized water in the be brought to the opening position. Difficulties arise when using self-closing nozzles reduced to a minimum by clogging the nozzles.

As shown in FIGS. 13, 17 and 18, there is a Sump 166 upwards through an opening 167 in the inner bottom wall of the container with the hold in connection. The cesspool has a body wall 168 and side and end walls 169, 170 with the bottom wall down to one in the end wall 170 formed outlet port 171 converges. The outlet port 171 points generally upward and towards the center of the cesspool and is connected to an outlet pipe 172 via a suitable slide valve 173 connected. As can be seen from the illustration, the interior of the cesspool is relatively small unc ■■ at such a shape that rinsing dei Slurry into the outlet line is favored.

The cesspool has three flush nozzles 174,175,176 which are connected to the pressurized water supply pipe 134 by a pipe 177 and a valve 178 One nozzle is located just above the outlet opening, while the other nozzles are in the ge opposite end wall are arranged. The construction of the flushing nozzles is shown in detail in FIGS. 2 and 22 shown. Each flushing nozzle has a cylindri cal housing 179 which has a chamber with a ver narrow opening at one end through which eii plunger 180 connected to a piston head 181 located inside the chamber is. The piston head 181 is beaul against a mechanical stop 183 by a suitable spring 182 strikes, causing the nozzle in the in F i g. 21 shown closed position is brought. If the nozzle

other gccigncicn Qaeüe connected. When actuated, water under pressure is supplied, press

this on the piston head, pulls the spring together and pushes the plunger outward, as shown in FIG. 21 is shown in dashed lines. By doing Head are at a wink! in addition Plunger piston openings 184a, 1846, 184c carried out laterally outwards. Like F i g. 22 shows are the Nozzle openings 184 oriented so that several jets of water diverge outward from each rinse nozzle. When the pressure is reduced sufficiently, the spring pulls the plunger automatically back and seal the openings.

The opening in the inner bottom wall is covered by a grating 185, which can be designed in the same way as the grating 83 already described. Instead of the rods 91 arranged at the same mutual spacing, however, rods with a diameter of 0.63 cm at a mutual center distance of 3.8 to 5 cm can be used here.

In the F i g. 13-16 is an embodiment of one for the formation of a moving water jet serving device shown in details, which in their structure in general in connection with the F i g. 6 and 7 corresponds to the embodiment described. This arrangement includes a hollow shaft 203, the lower end of which is rotatable in a rotary connector 205 is mounted, which is used for sealing with the pressurized water coupling 207, but a rotation the wave allowed. The coupling 207 is connected to a pressurized water supply line 208, the one Pressure developed from about 17.5 to 31.6 at. The upper end of the shaft 203 is closed by an end plate 210, so that the shaft is free to rotate and has no protrusions that mesh with the solid surrounding the shaft could come. The top of the shaft encloses a self-closing one Nozzle head 218, which is described in more detail below.

The shaft 203 is splined or splined at its lower end with a sleeve 218a, which is guided by a bearing 219, which in turn is mounted in a housing 223. which connected to the lower side of the bottom wall of the sump 166 and in the vertical direction with a upper bearing 221 is aligned so that the shaft is perpendicular up through the sump 166 and is guided through a cylindrical opening 224 located in the grating. The height of the wave and the nozzle head associated therewith is controlled by screw spindles 300 and on one above The value of the grate is set so that the main water nozzle is preferably about 15 cm above of the grate. A suitable seal 225 is provided between the upper bearing and the sump 166 and serves to hold back abrasive substances and suspended solids.

The shaft 203 is rotated by means of a linear actuator 227 of the positive displacement type, the Output shaft is connected to the sleeve 218a by a drive arm 228. The drive arm 228 is connected by means of a bracket 229 to a plate 230 which is freely rotatable about the shaft 203 on a Bearing 211 is stored. A ratchet 232 is with the Shaft connected and is in engagement with a claw located on the plate 233, which by a sheet spring 234 is brought into engagement with the ratchet wheel.

The construction of the linear actuator is shown in detail in FIGS. It generally consists of a housing 241 which surrounds a piston 242 which, at one end, carries a piston rod 243 which is led out of the housing through a Siangenführunj. The piston is urged by a compression spring 244 into a position in which the piston rod is retracted. The piston 242 is received by an expandable membrane 245 which has such a shape

ίο exercise has that it is in the form of a seal around part of the side wall of the piston when it is in the upper position. Linear actuating devices of this design are known per se. In operation, the piston is displaced downward against the force of the spring 244 by fluid pressure. This displacement takes place by displacement and is continued until the piston has reached the lower end of its path , which is predetermined by stops, not shown. When the fluid force used to drive the cylinder comes into play, the piston is broken back into its upper position by means of the compression spring

A corresponding slide 250 (FIG. 15) with inlet and outlet connections is used to control the piston movement 251, 252 (Fi g. 13 and 14) provided for water. The slide has a slide collar 253. which is displaceable back and forth in a cylindrical chamber 254, the displacement path of the Schic berbundes at each end by perforated disks 254a.

255 is specified, which is at both ends of the lever collar are placed on a rod-shaped extension of the same. In the one shown in the drawing Position pushes the perforated disk 255 against one side of the slide, so that a running through this Passage 256 is an input connection between a feed line 257 to the actuating device and the lower Pressure inlet line forms. In the opposite The set position in which the perforated disk 254a rests on the slide represents a further supply line 258 an outlet connection from the supply line 257 to the outlet conduit.

A device is located on the rod-shaped extension at one end of the slide collar, which is used to let it "snap" back and forth quickly from the end positions of the piston movement. This device is designed so that switching between the operating positions of the slide in can be done in the shortest possible time. It has a cage 260 with a slide position 261. The push rod 261

is through an opening in a slide actuator arm 262 which is firmly connected to the piston rod 243. The actuating rod 261 carries a pair in a mutual spaced-apart limit stops 263, 264, which are set so that at each reciprocating movement of the piston within the cylinder a limit stop comes into engagement with the actuator arm 262.

Inside the cage there is an additional perforated disk 267 at the end of the rod-shaped extension of the slide collar. When the arm 262 as a result of the displacement of the piston in the illustrated Way is brought to its turning point. the stop 263 brings the valve control rod into a Position in which one end of the cage, the hole disk 255 is applied and the slide collar 253 in presses the inlet position. As the inflowing liquid moves the piston into the lower end of its stroke path brings the arm 262 into engagement with the other

/ fo

brought their stop 264, which in turn the Pulls the cage into contact with the perforated disk 267 located in the housing, whereby the slide collar is brought into the outlet position.

To accelerate this process, the one shown in FIG. 16 illustrated spring-loaded tilting arrangement provided, in which compression springs 270,271 on each side of the cage rotatable on fixed pivot bearings 273,274 are stored. As the cage moves through the middle layer, the springs become even stronger compressed so that the cage when moving through the central position with respect to the bearing points of the Springs is brought into the other position and locked in place very quickly and in the shortest possible time.

In the F i g. 19 and 21 is the head of the spray nozzle assembly shown in detail. Part of the head is defined by a cylindrical recess 280 of the upper shaft end 203 is formed. Inside the cylindrical recess 280 there is a cylindrical recess Cuff 281, which is closed at its upper end and forms a piston 282, the inside the shaft 203 is slidably mounted. Between the end plate 210 of the shaft 203 and the head of the piston A return spring 280 ′ is enclosed in 282 and presses the piston against a stop ring 283 downward. In the side wall of the piston near its upper end is a nozzle 285 one Execution employing a high pressure, high velocity water jet for slurry formation can deliver. In the lower end of the piston skirt there is an additional nozzle 286, which is made smaller and is used for clearing immediately above the grate. Any nozzle 285, 286 is surrounded by an O-ring seal 287, 288, each of which has an elongated, round shape and located in the domed collar 281 on the inner wall of the shaft. More O-rings 289, 290, 291 and 292 are spaced apart in annular spaces along the wall of the sleeve and serve to seal against the shaft.

Rotation of the sleeve within the shaft is prevented by a slot 294 that is axially extends through the wall of the sleeve and receives a pin 295 which passes through the Wave wall is passed through. A lubrication nipple 296 is required for lubrication between the sleeve and the shaft provided with an annular recess 297 on the sleeve between the upper O-ring seal 289 and the seal 287 for the main nozzle 285 is in communication.

The grating 185 is formed in such a way that it can be taken out and replaced by a fixed flat plate can be replaced when the nozzle head has been lowered by the screw spindles 300. When all cesspools within a hold have been covered by a plate in this way, the cargo space is also suitable for taking up oil or another load. This is useful in this way a ship equipped with the embodiments of the invention for multi-purpose use such as for example as a transporter for ore slurries and as refueling

The device shown in FIGS. 13 to 22, which is used to convert the solids into a flowable Condition, d. H. slurry is to be referred to as a "slurry device" and works as follows. It is assumed that the Device is installed in the hold of a ship which has been filled with a slurry which has already settled, and that this slurry again in a flowable;] state is to be transferred and discharged. First, the Pressurized water is supplied to flush nozzles 174-176 until there is a drain through the outlet lines takes place. Then the pressurized water is supplied through the supply line 208 to the main nozzles.

Further pipelines serve to keep the Zr''tung 251 for the linear adjusting device 227 parallel to the To connect pipeline 208 to the source of pressurized water so that the actuating device is simultaneous with the supply of pressurized water to the slurry device is operated.

When there is no water pressure in the head. the cuff and piston move as a result the force of the spring downwards until they come into engagement with the stop ring 283. When feeding Pressurized water opens the device by itself, however, as the water pressure affects the piston and the cuff moved up against upper stops 350, 351, with entrapped liquid or air can escape through a ventilation passage 353. At the top of its stroke the piston brings the nozzles 285, 286 for alignment with the openings 354, 355, in the wall of the while, so that the water can come out through the nozzles and form water jets can. When the water pressure is removed, the cuff shifts under the influence of the compressed spring into the lower position and brings the nozzles into one of the openings of the Wellenw3nd removed position, so that this is then closed by the adjacent wall of the shaft sleeve are. In this way the cuff closes the access to the nozzles and prevents that these become clogged by the ingress of foreign matter.

Likewise, when high pressure water is supplied to the slurry head, it becomes linear Actuating device operated in such a way that the piston 242 is pressed against the spring 244 and thereby brings the plate and the pawl 233 into engagement with the ratchet wheel 232, whereby the shaft 203 to is rotated a portion of the arc. Then the water pressure is turned off by the slide collar, se that the return spring is the above the head lent water through the passage 256 in the Auslaßlei lung 252 presses. This process is repeated step by step, with the shaft being rotated step by step and the pressure water jet used to form the slurry and the slurry formed thereby tion zone shifted through the solid mass.

The effect of the slurry jet on the solid to be fluidized is ent essentially speaks to what has already been described! Occurrence. During the short period of time in which the water jet is directed in a certain direction, the additional effect is obtained because the jet penetrates deeper into the solids to be slurried. When moving through the actuator In the process, the jet wanders and converts the solids into a flowable state. During de When resetting, the water jet does not change its position and penetrates deeper into the fabric before e again walks through the next segment of rotation. E was found to be the same for the slurry

direction rotation speeds from about 1/2 to 2 rpm to achieve a good slurry insulation effect suitable. The slurry conversion in the last considered as well as in the The previous embodiment can be seen in that a slurry area is formed, in which the solids under the action of the high pressure emitted water jets in the flowable State, and that this area progresses over one of the whole area of influence the area corresponding to the water jet is shifted. After a while there are so many Solids have been put into slurry so that the charge above collapses, The energy released thereby supports the formation of the slurry. This process becomes hence by the falling down of the substances on the Supported bottom wall of the container, which also has the consequence that the freshly formed slurry is pressed into the cesspools and discharged by means of this.

In the F i g. 23 to 25 an embodiment of a land installation is shown, which works according to the principle of the invention. The elongated storage container 310 is located in a trench in the ground. The container has a bottom wall 314 and generally perpendicular side walls 316, 317 which are designed strictly perpendicular at their upper section and inclined downwardly and inwardly towards the bottom wall at their lower section, as shown in FIG. 25 shows.

Furthermore, transverse walls 318 to 326 are provided, the end transverse walls 318, 326 simultaneously representing the end walls of the storage container. The middle transverse wall 322 is carried out down to the bottom wall and divides the memory into two halves. This enables each of the two halves to be cleaned separately and independently of the aniieren section of the storage container and completely emptied of substances. The remaining transverse walls are carried out to a distance of about 0.2 to 2 meters from the bottom wall and thus form a gap through which a mutual interaction between the lowest sections of the rooms formed by the walls 31.8 to 326 can take place.

The slurry devices 330-337 are located in the bottom wall centrally within each room and serve to convert the solids located within the relevant space into a slurry convict. The devices are shown in FIGS. 24 and 25 as a result of the scale of the drawing only indicated schematically. However, they consist of one of the slurry devices described above including the rotatable water jet and the cesspool connected to a pressurized water source are connected. The outlet port of each cesspool is associated with one of the cesspools Gate connected to a collection funnel 339 from which the slurry is pumped off. Below the bottom wall and along the various pipelines are corridors that provide access to the lowest section of each cesspool and allow maintenance of the same.

Another suitable land installation is shown in FIGS. 26 and 27 and shows a storage container which is particularly suitable for de-watered slurries. This container 340 has a round shape and is of simple construction. It rests on a foundation 342, which is, for example, a concrete foundation built into the earth. Below the bottom surface of the container is a tunnel 344 in the form of a generally annular tunnel approximately halfway around the circumference of the container and concentric therewith.

In the bottom of the container are located at mutual distances along the tunnel Aufschlämmungseinheiten 346-351, said units being arranged so that the distances between the individual units, the adjacent wall and the other units is approximately equal to In this manner, there is the whole area above the bottom wall within the area of action of a single unit. The slurry discharged from each individual unit passes under the influence of gravity through suitable discharge lines to a sump sump, from which the slurry is withdrawn by means of suitable pumps. The AuF slurry units are connected to a pressurized water source and are designed in the manner described above, with the exception that mounting rings (not shown) are provided in the concrete foundation to accommodate the corresponding cesspools.

The operation of these land units is the same as that of the slurry devices described above.

The device described above for converting solids into a flowable state is particularly well suited for ships and the slurrying and unloading of settled ore solids. It makes the loading and unloading of ore freighters at offshore stations much easier, even if the ores are very firmly entrenched. The preferred embodiments described here for the device according to the invention can be - as set out below - to a certain extent modify. For example, instead of the nozzle arrangement described here, in which the nozzles rotate continuously or step by step, also those who use nozzles moving back and forth or linearly den, for example when the nozzles have to be placed in a corner or on a wall. the described slurry units can be used for ships as well as for shore installations, and the term container as used herein is intended to refer to both types of equipment.

Instead of the drive devices shown here, the following drive device can of course also be used. For example, a double-acting arrangement can just as well be used in place of the actuating device 227, which is driven in only one direction and is reset by means of a spring. In this case, the water discharged from the actuator is ejected at high speed and can be discharged into the outlet pipe for the slurry through a one-way valve and a nozzle. The pulsating water jets introduced in this way then help to transport the discharged slurry further.

In addition 13 sheets of drawings

Claims (12)

Patent claims: 1. Device for reslurrying and Emptying the contents of a fixed or movable storage container for solids, in particular an ore transport container, which has an approximately horizontal bottom wall, at least one cesspit with removal opening and at least one high pressure liquid jet nozzle for the liquid Has solvents and sludge agents, characterized in that that each cesspool (61, 61 ', 63, 65, 67, 166; from one with the remaining floor area (37, 168) of the container approximately flush grating (83, 83 ', 185) is covered and that above of which the high pressure liquid jet nozzle (117a, 1176, 155 to 158, 174 to 176, 285 and 286) is arranged movably by means of a drive device that the beam direction in approximately horizontal level is progressively changeable. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the high pressure liquid jet nozzle (117a, 117ύ) from one with the drive device connected, rotatably mounted head (123) is held. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the drive device is designed is that the head (123) is rotatable stepwise. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the one or more cesspools (166) associated liquid jet nozzles (285, 286) by the liquid pressure in the opening state and in the absence of liquid pressure by a reset device in the closed state can be transferred. 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that it is one with the wall of the cesspool (166) connected cylindrical housing (223), in the cylindrical cavity (280) a Plunger piston (282) is arranged, which is acted upon by the water pressure and under the action of a Return spring (280 ') is standing, which tries to press it against a stop ring (283). 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the cylindrical housing (22J) in which The cavity (280) of the plunger with the liquid jet nozzles (285, 286) is displaceably arranged is, is provided with outlet openings (354, 355), which are taken when under the action of the water pressure End position of the plunger coincide with the liquid jet nozzles and at The plunger pushed back into the housing is closed by the wall of the plunger are. 7. The device according to claim 2, characterized duixii an intermittently operating drive device (227) for progressive adjustment of the head. 8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the intermittently operating drive device designed as a linear adjusting device (227) with a reciprocating arm (262) and provided with means (232, 233) connecting them to the head in such a manner is that the head is intermittent by successive lifting movements of the adjusting device and is progressively rotatable by a predetermined arc step at a time. 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the rotatable head on tine by bearings (219, 221) guided shaft (203) is attached and connecting the adjusting device with the head Device comprising a ratchet wheel (232) arranged on the shaft, a claw (233) and one rotatably mounted with respect to the ratchet wheel and carrying the claw and a spring (234) Drive plate (230) consists, wherein the spring (234) is arranged so that the claw with elastic Bias is held against the ratchet wheel. 10. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that that a motor (127) is provided as a drive device, the drive shaft over a worm gear (129, 131) is connected to the head and for its continuous rotation serves. 11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grating (83, 83 ') slopes conically outward from the center of the cesspool (61, 6Γ). 12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a device (143) serving to adjust the height of the nozzles (117a, 7b) above the grating.