DE2021207A1 - Photoelectric control arrangement - Google Patents

Description

Photoelectric control arrangement.

The invention relates to a photoelectric arrangement for control of amplifiers, electronic or electromagnetic switches.

Such an arrangement is used for the wireless control of the operating function of a device. In particular, a radio or television set can be remotely controlled in this way over a distance that roughly corresponds to its acoustic and / or optical range. but can also be directly or indirectly transferred to other devices, such as ^{measuring technology, the household, r}

Numerous arrangements are known with which devices, amplifiers or electronic switches can be remotely controlled photoelectrically, but the invention is based on such arrangements that also are able to provide undisturbed control signals in the case of disturbing live light transmitted and evaluated without interference.

It is known to reduce the influence of a disruptive raised light in this way.

April 23, 1970
str / pr

109 8 46 / .0991

BATH ORIGINAL

Vi.Schröder - 40 - 2 -

switch on so that the Hutz light signal is modulated as a function of time, so that it is separated from unmodulated interfering light, e.g. via an electrical network that is only permeable to lechseI currents can. The disadvantage of such arrangements is that alternating stray light can also result in undesired signals, especially if the If the circuit is to react to individual impulses, it is not possible to separate it from interfering light that occurs in a pulsed manner. The Generate screens of television receivers or image projectors desired sound modulations of all kinds.

The invention is based on the task of influencing the Light signal transmission through modulated or unodulated interfering light to prevent.

This object is achieved by the invention.sp.eiui'.P in that a bridge circuit is made up of at least two similar photoelectric elements and emits a:. 'ut ζ signal when the elements unevenly exposed, for which purpose each of these elements with a different one Filter is equipped, which has a different attenuation for a certain type of light. This can also be invisible Types of light used for signal transmission ".

In accordance with the invention, there is a in front of each photoelectric element Polarizing filters attached, each with a different plane of polarization of the light lets through or attenuates, a sequential distribution of the incident light can also be made.

Kin inventor'sgerru'lßos filling out the example of the light signal beacon

1OSS4S / 09B1 _

BATH ORIGINAL.

202120?

W.Schröder - 40 - 3 - ·

is characterized by the use of one or more electrical Incandescent lamps with or without light beam guidance with reflectors or Linsensysteneii, their light through appropriate polarization filters is polarized in the "selected planes.

If all photoelectric elements are exposed at the same time or sequentially, the bridge weight of the circuit is always retained, a useful one is generally not removed, an embodiment of the invention is such for special cases made that by means of the back circuit of the photoelectric Elements of the sum current of at least two photoelectric elements generates a Hutzsignal.

There is another embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention in that the total current of at least two photoelectric elements a control process as a function of the interference light intensity causes. Here s.3. especially to the automatic room light Thought of televisions in which the brightness or the contrast of the FS image in known -, 'eise from only one photo ^ electrical element is affected. -, - "■;

While a bridge circuit of the photoelectric elements none special regulation is required as long as it is about the transfer of Yes-no information of a digital nature is involved, it is in the case of large differences in brightness of the interfering light and / or the signal light and for the transmission of analogue brightness signals it is advisable to introduce an automatic gain control. Hence will according to another embodiment according to the invention from FIG

109846/0991 '. _4th

3.2.71

BATH ORIGINAL

ν /. Schröder - UO - 4- -

Current change of at least one photoelectric element or off the sum of the change in current of all photoelectric elements a voltage to regulate the gain of the useful signal obtained derived.

An electrical circuit that does not need to be calibrated is particularly advantageous for photoelectric control devices. The prerequisite for such an adjustment-free circuit is the construction of the bridge branches as similar as possible and a certain amount Response threshold for absorbing component tolerances. One such Circuit example of the invention is that

a. each photoelectric element together with one or more Ohmic resistors form a voltage divider and that

* b. the voltage difference between the taps of at least two voltage dividers represents the liutzsinnal, since $ / 3> *

ψ c * the reference electrode (cathode, emitter, source) of an amplifier element is placed at the tap of each voltage divider and its control electrode (grid »base, gate) is placed at the tap of the other voltage divider, so that

d. the amplified differential signal occurs at the third electrode (anode, collector, drain).

In particular, the invention has the following advantages

109846/0991

BAD OBSGlNAU

W-. Schröder -M-O - 5 -

The light signal transmission is largely independent of the effects of interfering light and with digital transmission also of the llutz light intensity. There are many different signals on a light beam transmission when using more light-intensive Light sources such as 3. a flash tube, there is no need to align the light signal connection more precisely The electrical circuit complexity "is for the proposed bridge circuit low, an electrical adjustment is not necessary.

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are described in more detail below. Show it

Figure 1 "shows a basic embodiment of the invention Arrangement that works with polarized light signals, for example.

Figure 2 a-d examples of optical devices for uniform Lies distribution on. ' two photoelectric elements

Figure 3 shows a signal amplifier circuit for the photoelectric Bridge circuit that can also be used to transmit analog signals.

Figure H a ^ development of the circuit according to Figure 3 with feedback Amplifiers for digital signal transmission.

109846/0991

BATH ORIGINAL

V /. Schröder -HO - 6 -

In Figure 1, the push button contacts TS odor TS 'the Pi.r pe L or L ¹ from the battery D ^ supplied with power and made to light up. The polarization filters F. and F_ ensure that. ' the emerging light signal beams LS. and LS on the one hand and the light signal beams LS ¹ and LS ¹ on the other

1 2

differ from each other by different polarization levels! "! e.g. also stand perpendicular to each other,

tk On the receiving side are the - leicliarti ^ en polarization filters ? 2 ^and F 'each also for the associated nolarized light signal beams LS. and LS 'nax.imal durch.Vssi'-: so that the unassigned mutual SfVroirnale L? _? and LSi strongly ^ e attenuated. Also unnolarisiertcs disturbance light pleichmäßig on both filters F and Tl f "'falls, viird only with the various preferential polarization planes liindurchc.elassen, which is, however, equally to the two light-ibh' - 'n ^ irish V / iderst / 'nde LR or LR ¹ distributed and no changes: ~ of the bridge's weight diascr

^ Circuit causes "ur the individual ^ nals LS or LS ¹ bring W 11-

via LR or LR ^1, pull the relay ReI to one side or the other for tightening. The starting current is supplied from the battery EL via the current limited / resistance R. The desired function can be switched on or off with the regulator contacts 1, 2 or 1, 2 '. A voltage for a possibly subsequent amplifier can be taken from the V resistor R, which is derived from the total current of the two light-dependent V connectors / inde LR and LR ^{1 is} determined.

109 846/0991

BATH ORIGINAL

W.Schröder - 40 - 7 -

To exclude interfering signals due to local differences in luminous flux, is one that is as spatially adjacent as possible. Arrangement of photo electrical Elements required. It is therefore appropriate that an optical light exercise device is attached, which the Interfering light is shown in the same way on all photoelectric elements »

Light guiding devices are light guiding devices that are totally reflective ^ rismenteile, Sp5eqel, screens or fiber optics very suitable | which break up the incident light like a mosaic and "■■ · f on all photoelectric elements ^ light ^ pig and at the same time to distribute. It is advantageous to use a semi-permeable mirror for the to use even distribution of light.

Wherever a transparent medium is used to deflect light, a signal-triggering polarization occurs at certain angles of incidence of both penetrating and reflecting light under unfavorable circumstances. Therefore, the half mirror or the perforated reflec- μ rendem metal in case of need can be made.

Another possibility is to distribute the incident light sequentially. A device can be used for this purpose in the case of either the light-guiding glass body or the totally reflective one Prism parts, mirrors, screens or glass fiber optics on the one hand or and the photoelectric elements on the other hand in opposite directions moved or rotated periodically.

To! Influence the previously described facilities with polar

T0a846 / _0991-0,

BATH ORIGINAL

W.Schröder - 40 - 8 -

The signal light source can emit polarized light through the use of ionization filters, which oscillates in one or more planes in such a way that at least one of the photoelectric elements has a different current than in the other.

As a light signal generator can be borrowed instead of bulbs or in addition Luminescence diodes or lamps, gas discharge lamps (flash or stroboscopic lamps) or arc sections are used The duration of the light signal can be determined by mechanically operated contacts, through moving screens or light guidance systems, through electronic ones Circuits or by combinations of these arrangements can be controlled once and / or periodically and a required ignition the light source by means of a possibly inductive or transformatory generated high stress take place. There can also be one or more polarization filters through a mechanical, pneumatic or electromagnetic device optionally in the signal light faded in or threatened in such a way that the plane of polarization moves up to a selected angle each time the Facility changes once and / or periodically. Such an implementation can be that the targeted rotation of the plane of polarization is influenced by an electrostatically, piezoelectrically or otherwise controllable medium that is in the beam path of the polarized signal light is attached «The electrically operable Devices for emitting the light signals can contain a source of electrical energy, if necessary connected to the light source via a voltage converter and which has been replaced or recharged when necessary

109846/0991

BATH ORIGINAL

"W.Schröder - 40 - 9 -

can ι where the charging circuit is contained in the device or is operated separately or separately from it. Naturally, the energy supply for generating light is also via a. Cable directly from a power supply network possible. The energy sources can also be chemical or radiation-energetic Matures which, if necessary, supply the light signal source via a narcotic converter. The light; . i ^ nalquellen -can also from .glühenden gases or bodies, see below a mantle be formed -like or a -combination r.it the previously ■ 'renannten light sources with their 3ureh - "'ri; there are ^T s executions, after a In another version, the light source can either-ah a * ¹ smaller flame, on an electrically powered heating element (ζ »Β» a filament filament) that is switched on continuously or only during the sinning process, on a catalyst (e.g. platinum sponge) by mechanical ignition via a friction surface and a flint or can be ignited by controlled electrical sparks. With such a device, the supply of solid, liquid or gaseous fuel to the light source can be controlled in a targeted manner.

The types of light to be separated by filters can also be different Be the spectral colors of the light that are present in the interfering light in a relatively constant percentage mixing ratio may or may only have a negligible part of the 'signal light type, but selectively in the controlling light signal broadcast v / earth «In such a case, the photo electric Elements instead of the polarization filter or additionally different colored individual filters attached, and instead of the

polarized light or additional light signal source

- ίο ■ - '■■. ■

109846/0991

BATH ORIGINAL

W «Schröder» - 40 - 10 - A

colored light emitted.

If a spatial separation of the photoelectric elements because of the type and luminous flux distribution of the gate light is possible an arrangement can be chosen which uses no or common filters in front of the photoelectric elements, the photoelectric elements being used Elements are spatially only so close together that stray light hits all elements equally, but targeted light signals expose only one of the elements at least preferentially,

Figure 2a shows an arrangement with light-guiding plate-shaped transparent glass or plastic bodies K and K ¹ and the beam path of the light signal beams LS and LSj up to the filters F and Fi and the photoelectrically light-dependent resistors LR and LR ¹ , stray light is distributed equally to both light-dependent resistors .

The same effect also occurs with the arrangement according to FIG. 2b; where the light signal beams LS ₁ and LS * in the plate-wise

, J * .L

is assembled rechtt.'inkligen ^p rismen P and P ¹ at the Kan'-tenflüchen the catheti each by total reflection on the associated combination F ₂ »F and LR ^1, LR · are steered. ¹

In contrast, FIG. 2c is one that works with reflective outer surfaces Light distribution device, Z, D. can Sp. and Sp ^ made of metallic Sheet metal lamellas that each form a right-angled and isosceles triangle. They are alternately in pairs like this

109846/0991 BADORiGlNAL

V /. Schröder - 40 - 11 -

put together so that two kata lie tense, ites lie next to each other and the two sides of the ilypothenus form e5.noη right angles. Their llypotenuse edge surfaces are the deflecting mirrors for the light sense beams LC and LS ¹ or for the stray light to be evenly distributed. In the same way, there is a semi-transparent or perforated mirror Cp _2, which fixes the -; t "lf t" of the incident light rays to F2 "LE, the other half -adoch- on FIG, LR ¹ .

The example of the bridge circuit shown in T'5. <~ Ur 3; -j with -dan 'following Y ^ r-, f' .rk ^ r int also for analog light- *

signals can be used. 0er Ti ^ anni rtr-r TJ is controlled to 'Tnitter of voltage divider ¹ Lj ¹ L "" and to the liar.is of don Voltage divider T ¹ ^ / LR, the Transintor T ¹ ^ to emitter of R '/ LR * and at the base of R, j / L ^T1 v. The amplified signals are provided at the Kollektorv / iderständen R2 and R _'o to entnehnOn, and sv: isehen the Kollektoren'direkt-difference signal erscheintdas ·

Figure is a h ■ \ ^I eits3i ⁿ cintv? Ic'c Lun ~ oer Schaltun- by Fi ^ ur 3 for a digital S irnal carryover π "·" * ie additional transistors T "ä

and T ¹ 2 are corr.Dlenenfr 7, U T. and T ¹ , Hui ¹ "."rzeugunt; a positive feedback between T ₉ and T ₁ as well as between T 'and Τ ^! _Λ is the base of one transistor with a collector of the other transistor mutually connected to each other via ll ^ fV, ^ and R '

The functional description * refers to three ΐηϋ <? Borrowed switch Conditions:

- 12 -

109846/0991

BAD ORiGlNAU

W, Schröder -MO- - 12 -. .

1) The bridge potential appears at A and A ¹ if there is equilibrium between the two voltage dividers »

2) A + potential appears at the exposure of LR ₄ A * is then still at the voltage divider point R ^ / LR via R'3 #

3) + potential appears at A 'during exposure of LR ¹ »A is then at the voltage divider point R' .. / LR ¹ across R ₃ * '■

P The switching function for (2) and (3) can be found in the analogy here at the same time bffechriebon: For (2) seldom those not a ^ e- ' bracketed labels and for (3) the bracketed «.

If T ^ (T ') becomes ^{conductive when LR (LR 1} ) is _{exposed, T 2} (T ¹ 2) also carries current and couples it to T ^ (T *.) Up to the maximum, through the resistors burned? back · At A (A ¹ ) the + "otential of the cross-connection voltage then loops, '

3EI all of the arrangements described above the Rrückon.?. Bf? Facilitated ^ ₁ B 'rzen the' also by appropriate SChv ^fi Licliteintrittsfönstors one or nshrerer fotoelsktriscliar I-llencnte effected.

30 claims

2 sheets of drawing no; » with k Vip,

109 846/0991

BATH

E-No. SG'46

Registration number.

Cose;

Title ι

Photoelectric control arrangement

List of terms used

Reference
sign Original language translation - ■ --- ■ '"- battery Lj -L ¹ . Signal lamp ■ TS, TS ¹ . Tactile contact F ₂ , F Polarization filter with ver
divorced
Polarization devices. LS ₁ Light sense ray one
Polarization direction LSJ Light signal beam one
other polarization direction LS ₂ »LSf Interfering signals LR, LR ' light-dependent resistors R ■ : current-limited resistance RdI '■■ polarized relay 1, 2, 2 controlled relay contact K ₁ K '' light-guiding body P, P '' totally reflective prisms Sp ₁ , SpJ Mirror pieces whose mortgage
Mirror nut edges Col ₂ semi-transparent mirror T ₁ , TJ Transistors (n-p-n) T ₂ , Tj Transistors (p-n-p) R ₁ , RJ Voltage divider resistors BATH ORIGINAL R ₂ , R ₂ * Collector resistances Resistances 10984 6/0991
• 9

Claims (1)

W »Schroder - 40 1 * / Photoelectric "arrangement for the control of amplifiers clektroniachen or electromagnetic switches _t as by gekcn nzei ch *, n e t ^ that is constructed a Brüclrenschaltunß from at least two similar photoelectric elements, and outputs a NutzsiRnal when the elements are exposed unequally , for which purpose each of these elements is equipped with a different filter that has a different attenuation for a certain type of light * Characterized 2 »assembly according to claim i peke nnze 1 ohn e t _f j before daft fotoelektrisehen element is a polarization filter is mounted, each of a different polarization plane by lights dos let or dcinipft. 3 · ^ arrangement, according to one of the preceding speech by the use of an optical Lichtführungseinrichtunc that dae Stftrlicht a \ fotoelektrisehen all elements xt similar maps · 4 »Arrangement according to claim 3, characterized by the use of light-guiding glass bodies, total reflecting prismatic parts, mirrors, screens or glass fiber optics, which break up the incident light like a mosaic and distribute it uniformly and at the same time to all photoelectric elements. . '■■'. · 109846/0991 ORiGmAL BATHROOM W.-Schröder - 40 - ** · - 5. Arrangement according to claim 3 and 4, characterized .flekejrmzei.chriet, _t that one or more semi-transparent mirrors are provided for the even distribution of the interfering light. · Arrangement according to claim 5, c) a du roh r eke nn ze i c.hn et that the semi-transparent mirror or mirrors consist of perforated reflective metal .. ' 7. Arrangement according to claim 3-6, characterized by a se quential distribution of the incident light. 8. Arrangement according to claim I. characterized « that either the light-guiding glass body, totally reflecting prism parts! Mirrors, screens or glass fiber optics on the one hand or and the photoelectric elements on the other hand are periodically moved or rotating in opposite directions. . 9. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized £ _e -. indicates that the signal light source emits polarized light which oscillates in one or more planes in such a way that a different current is triggered in at least one of the photoelectric elements than in the other. 10. Arrangement according to claim 9, characterized. that the light signal has one or more electric incandescent lamps with or without light beam guides with reflectors or Linsensy- - stars, the light of which by appropriate polarization ■■■ ...- ■■ ·. - 15 - ' 109846/0991 W »Schröder - 40 ■ - filter is polarized in the selected planes, 11, arrangement according to claim 10, dadurc.h. .geke NNZ calibration net _t that in place of incandescent lamps or light emitting diodes in addition or - or arc gaps provided - ^ lamps of gas discharge lamps (or strobe lights flash) 12, light signal generator for the arrangement according to claims 9-11, ' characterized .. ^ ekerm z eich.ne.t j that the light signal duration is unique through mechanically operated contacts, through moving screens or light guidance systems, through electronic circuits or through combinations of these arrangements and / or periodically controlled and that a required ignition of the light source takes place by means of an inductively or transformer-generated overvoltage » 13, light signal transmitter for the assembly according to claims 9-12, as dur c h ffefo annzeichne.t, "daft one or more polarization * filter by a mechanical, pneumatic or electromagnetic. Device can either be faded into the signal light or rotated so that the plane of polarization extends up to ■ at a chosen angle each time the device is actuated changes once and / or periodically 14, light signal transmitter for the arrangement according to claim 13, ' dadurc.h characterized that the targeted rotation of the plane of polarization by an electrostatic! piezoelectric or other -IE- 3. 2. 71 WiSchröder - 40 - * 6 - Type of controllable medium is influenced, which is attached in the beam path of the polarized signal light « 15 »light signal transmitter for the arrangement according to claim 9 and following,. 'Characterized gekennzdichnet that the means includes an electrical energy source for radiating the light signals if ei ist§ ⁴ connected to a voltage converter to the light source and the exchangeable or aufladbar'ist again, whereby ·: included · the charging circuit in the device or by their can be operated separately or separately 4 light signal generator for the arrangement according to one of claims 9 .... to 15, characterized in that the energy source is chemical or ^; It is of a radiation-energetic nature which, if necessary, supplies the light signal source via an energy converter »I 17 «light signal transmitter for the arrangement according to claim 9 - 16, ■ * i \ - ' characterized in that the light signal source is formed from glowing ™ "' ·: '' gases or ■ bodies ^ in particular a mantle or from a combination with those mentioned above ", - ■■. ■ .-. '" .. ■■■ ■ ■ ■ -. ■. ■ . ". ■ Claims-mentioned light sources and their associated equipment * .p I ^ directions consists * ι-; ■. "> t- '.-.'_- ■■■■". ■. ■. ■ .18j Lichtignaigeber for the arrangement according to claims.9-17, y ": ■ '■"' dadurcJh 'characterized * that the supply of solid, liquid or gaseous fuel to the light source is controlled in a targeted manner 109 84 6/0 991 W.Schröder -40 -Vh- J » 19 »Light signal generator for the arrangement according to claims 9-17, characterized in that the light source either on a smaller pilot flame, on an electrically powered heating element (e.g. a filament filament) that is switched on continuously or only during the ignition process on a catalyst (e.g. platinum sponge) mechanical ignition is ignited via a friction surface and a flint or controlled electrical spark gaps, 20. Light signal transmitter for the arrangement according to claims 9-19, characterized in that «the arrangement for generating the light signal is connected to the power supply network via a cable» 21 »Arrangement according to claims 1 - 20, characterized in that, in front of the photoelectric elements, instead of the polarization filter or in addition, individual filters of different colors are attached, and that instead of the polarized light or in addition from the light signal source, colored light is emitted . 22. Modification of the arrangement according to claim 1, dadurc h; marked “ that no or common filters are used in front of the photoelectric elements, and the photoelectric elements are spatially only so close together that stray light hits all elements evenly, but only targeted light signal at least preferentially expose one of the elements » - 18 - 109846/0 9.91 ^ ₀ original W.Schröder ■ - KO - 23, An arrangement according to any one of claims 1-8 and (21-22 ₁ characterized Drawing et GEK _a,% that a Hutzsignal is generated by the total current of at least two photoelectric elements " 2k, arrangement according to claim 23, characterized in that the total current of at least two photoelectric elements for. a control process depending on the interference light intensity is used. 25 »arrangement according to claims 1 - 8 and 21 - 2k, d ABy j ^ ekenn- ^, • records" that from the Strorr.änderung at least one photo-electric element or the sum of the current change of all the photoelectric elements, a voltage for controlling the. Gain of the Hutz signal obtained is derived. 26. Arrangement according to claims 1-9 or 21-2.5, characterized by. that a · each photoelectric element along with a "more like or ohmic resistors forms a voltage divider, and that b. the voltage difference between the taps of at least two voltage dividers represents the useful signal, since $ / 3> j c. at the tap of each voltage divider the reference electrode (cathode, emitter, source) of an amplifier element and its control electrode to the tap of the other voltage divider (Titter, Barns, f.ate). ' is cultivated, in such a way that 1098A6 / Ö991 - I ₉ - 3.2.71 ÖADORlGlNÄi W. Schröder - «40 - ίο . on the third electrode (anode, collector, drain) that • increased differential signal occurs * 27 * Arrangement according to claim 26, characterized by .g.ekennze.lchne t. that in each case the third electrode of the above-mentioned amplifier element lies directly or indirectly on the control electrode of a further complementary amplifier element, and that its third electrode is directly or indirectly connected with positive feedback to the control electrode of the first-mentioned amplifier element. 28. Arrangement according to claim 1 - ■ 27, since through. ^ E k / mpgeAc.h, net * that invisible types of light are used for signal transmission. .. -. 29. Arrangement according to claims 1-8 or 21-28, thereby fl ekennaeich net, since "the bridge adjustment takes place by corresponding blackening of the light entry window of one or more photoelectric elements, 30. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims fieker ^ nz.elohnet through the use for wireless control of the Bedionungsfunktion a television - or. Radio ». ■ str / pr
23iADril 19 70 109846/0991 BATH ORIGINAL Empty e 11 e