DE2020818A1 - Transformer with strongly different couplings in both directions between the primary winding and the secondary winding, in particular for feeding in a remote control voltage - Google Patents

Description

12 6.4 ι-.

Patent attorneys

Dlpl.-Ing. C. Wallach 2 & April 1970

Dipl.-Ing. G. Koch
Dr T. Halbach

5239-70

BLECTRICITEDEiRAIiCB (Service National)

Transformer with very different in both directions Couplings between the primary winding and the secondary winding, especially for feeding in a remote control voltage.

The invention relates to transformers, in particular those for feeding in or transmitting a remote control voltage with audio frequency in networks for the transport or distribution of electrical energy.

Its purpose is to manufacture transformers which have very different couplings between the primary winding and the secondary winding in both directions, i.e. a conversion ratio between the secondary winding and the primary winding which is very different from the reciprocal of the conversion ratio between the primary winding and the secondary winding in particular for easy feeding of remote control troughs in lines for

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to enable the transport of electrical energy, the Transition of currents with industrial frequency '(in -Europe * 50 Hz) from the transport line in the Ferasteuerkreia to a large extent is reduced without the need for coordinated circuits and conductors with a large cross section in the remote control circuit must be used.

Below is briefly on. the state of

Technology of the transmission points for the centralized remote control in electrical power networks reminded.

The feed of the remote control current with

Audio frequency (in France generally 175 Hz) in the lines for the distribution of electrical energy takes place with the help

t of transformers, which are generally close to the High-voltage / medium-voltage transformer stations are arranged, with each of the three feed-in transformers (in the case of single-phase Transformers) or each of the three phases of the feed-in transformer (in the case of a three-phase transformer) a primary winding, which can be fed with the remote control voltage with audio frequency, and has a secondary winding which is connected either in series or, more rarely, in parallel to a phase of the medium-voltage three-phase network.

In Fig. 1 is a according to the known

Technically trained feed circuit with three single-phase feed transformers, each of which has a secondary winding owns, which in one of the heads of the central

"voltages three-phase networks connected in series.

Such a circuit contains, in combination with a transformer 1 connected between the high-voltage network HT (with 50 Hz) and the medium-voltage network MT (also with 50 Hz), three single-phase feed transformers A, B, C with, one primary winding A ^, B ₁ , C ₁ and a secondary winding A ₂ , B ₂ , C ₂ , the latter being connected in series in a conductor a, b, c of the medium-voltage three-phase network MT. To simplify the pig. 1, only the feeding of a single primary winding is shown for the actual feeding of the audio frequency, namely winding A ₁ .

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This supply contains a switch

2, which in its first working position (shown in phantom in Fig. 1) allows the primary winding A. to be fed from a remote control sound frequency source H of known type and in its second normal rest position (shown in full extension in FIG. 1) _{allows the primary winding A 1} to be short-circuited.

Furthermore, in the shunt at the voltage source M and thus (for the working position of the switch 2) in the shunt at the primary winding A- there is a coordinated circuit 3 with a capacitor 4 (generally bridged by a lightning rod, not shown) and a capacitor 4 connected to this Choke coil 5, which represents a short circuit for the 50 Hz of the network, and a capacitor 6 to compensate for the audio frequency (generally 175 Hz). In the case of feed transformers whose secondary windings are not connected in legs (as shown in Fig. 1) but in shunted to the conductors a, b, c of the medium-voltage three-phase network MT, the tuned circuit 3 and the capacitor 6 are connected by an ⁿ series resonant ^{circuit w} (with a Capacitor and a series-connected inductor), which is connected in series in the circuit of the secondary winding of each single-phase supply transformer.

It should be noted that on the one hand the

Matched circuits or resonance circuits are expensive, and that on the other hand, with a series feed, the high current strength of the tone dea Netz HT coming and flowing in the feed circuit (since the work of transformer A is reversible, since winding A _{2 plays} the role of a Primary winding and winding A _{1 plays} the role of a secondary winding) large diameter conductor in feed circuits 7 and 8, ie requires a significant amount of copper (or aluminum), since the distance between transformer A and <i * si3 matched circuit 3 is a multiple? on can be a hundred matrices, since the arrangement K-3-6 is set up in the buildings of the aforseretation, that is to say very much VOÄ to the transformer 1.

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It would obviously be interesting for that

Centralized remote control through audio frequency currents via transformers, which have a transformation ratio between the secondary winding and the primary winding, which is very different from the reciprocal of the transformation ratio between the primary winding and the secondary winding, ie a fixed coupling in the sense of A.- ^ A ₂ to achieve a good feed of the remote control voltage, and a loose coupling in the sense. ■ -Ag- ^ A * to prevent the flow of a strong current of 50 Hz in the circuits 7 and 8 under the effect of the high current intensity flowing in the network MT . The transformers A, B, C are of course current transformers when viewed from the three-phase power network and power transformers when viewed from the feed circuit 7.

Eo are air-gap transformers

known which at zero load in a sense a first translation ratio and in the other sense a second over transmission ratio, which is equal to the reciprocal of the transmission ratio in the first sense is. These ratios change in puncture> * e * »the load, which is the manufacture of very different couplings in the two Rieh-, permitting, this too strongly dependent on the load However, transformation ratios are a serious disadvantage to the application of such transformers to the centralized one

The purpose of the invention is production

of a transformer which, ^{viewed from 1 on} the prirar side, has a fixed coupling and therefore a transmission ratio which is close to the ratio between the number of turns of the primary winding and the secondary winding, and, viewed from the secondary side, a loose coupling and thus a transmission ratio which is from the reciprocal of the first-mentioned gear ratio eats greatly different, so that such a transformer for feeding a remote control spaimiing into a. electrical network is particularly suitable, whereby the use of the usual coordinated circuits URd of the conductors with a large cross-section is avoided, but such a transformer also finds other applications.

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can, e.g. to transfer information to a only one-way transmission circuit for the transmission of several pieces of information.

The invention thus has a particular one

as a transformer for feeding a Pern control voltage usable transformer with a magnetic circuit, at least one primary winding and at least one secondary winding sum object, which is characterized in that the magnetic circuit has several legs, one of which have a high magnetic reluctance and the others have a smaller magnetic reluctance, with the primary winding or the primary windings on one or more high reluctance legs and the secondary winding or the secondary windings are wound on one or more legs with a lower magnetic resistance are.

The leg or legs with high reluctance can in particular have a significant air gap have, while the leg or legs with a smaller magnetic reluctance have a smaller air gap or can even contain no air gap at all.

In a preferred embodiment

the magnetic circuit of the transformer has five legs, with the middle leg an air gap and the two intermediate legs schenschenkel an air gap, which is smaller than that of the Middle leg is included, while the end leg does not Have an air gap, with the primary winding wound around the center leg and the two secondary windings each wound around an end leg aind.

The invention is hereinafter referred to explained on the drawing by way of example.

Pig, 1 schematically shows the circuit already discussed for feeding an audio frequency remote control circuit with the aid of transformers according to the known technology.

Pig · 2 and 3 show, schematically and diagrammatically, with parts being broken away, a preferred embodiment afora a transformer according to the invention. ,

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Fig. 4 asigt in the same position as

_{FIg 0} 2 a variant of this preferred embodiment »

Pig. 2 and 3 show a preferred embodiment of a transformer according to the invention "Bei die". The transformer has a magnetic circuit 10 with five legs or cores 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 made of transformer sheets (as can be seen in Figure 3). The middle leg 13 (with a smaller cross-section than the other legs) and the intermediate legs 12 and 14 contain air gaps 23, 22, 24, the air gap 23 being longer than the air gaps 22 and 24, while the two end legs 11 and 15 contain no air gap. The primary winding P is wound onto the middle leg 13 which does not contain an air gap, while the secondary windings S ₁ , S "are wound onto the end winding which does not have an air gap.

I <- ta

legs 11 and 15 are wound.

The (shown in phantom in Fig. 2)

Prlmärfluas Pp, which is generated by the primary winding Έ ₀ when the feed current flows through it, is distributed equally on both sides of the middle limb on the fluoro halves Fp / 2 (also shown in dash-dotted lines) »Each flux half Fp / 2 is distributed unequally on the limbs 11 and 12 or 14 and 15 »where the pluses occurring in the legs 12 and 14 are practically equal to one another and small compared to the flows occurring in the legs 11 and 15, which are also equal to one another. This unequal distribution on the legs 12 and 11 or 14 and 15 is due to the air gaps provided in the legs 12 and 14 (while the legs 11 and 15 have no air gap), which reduce the magnetic resistance of the legs 12 and 14 compared to that of the Increase legs 11 and 15. The relatively large fluxes occurring in the legs 11 and 15 (which correspond to a proportion which is considerably greater than half of the Flusaes Pp / 2) induce in the secondary windings S ₁ and S "a voltage that can be used in an electrical circuit, in particular in dom the conductor of a three-phase line when using the transformer of FIGS. 2 and 3 for feeding in audio frequency remote control voltage

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Venn * on the other hand, especially with one

Remote control transformer, the secondary windings S., and S-von a current with the frequency of the network flowing through it into which the remote control voltage is fed, If this current generates a (in Fig. 2 shown in dashed lines) secondary fluid Fs.

Each river Fs closes over the

Legs 12 and 13 tew. 14 and 13 (as also shown in phantom), the portions of the flow Fs occurring in the soleballs 12 and 14 being equal to each other and, in particular, greater than the portions occurring in the leg 13, since the length of the air gap 23 of the leg 13 is greater than that air gap 22 waä 24 of the legs 12 and 14 and the cross section of the leg 13 and the air gap 23 is smaller than the cross section of the legs 12 and 14 and * the air gap 22 and 24, whereby the magnetic resistance of the leg

13 compared to which the legs 12 and 14 are enlarged »

The consequence of this is that the transformer in FIGS . 2 and 3 Tom has a fixed coupling seen from the primary side and a loose coupling seen from the secondary side. .

Furthermore, it is expedient in the case of a binding

Spei3etransformator size the air gaps 22 and 24 of the legs 12 and 14 so that the secondary windings S and S "for the current with the frequency of the three-phase network (50 Hz) have a low impedance with a series feed and the highest possible impedance with a shunt feed *

In Figure 4 there is a variant embodiment

the embodiment of Fig. 3, in which one again the Magnetferöis 10 with '' the legs 11 ₁ 12, 13, 14 and 15 and the air gaps 22 _f 23 and 24 in the legs 12, 13 and

14 finds. As in the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3 surrounds the primary winding P the middle leg 13, which has a smaller one Cross-section and a longer air gap than the intermediate legs 12 and, Vhat * instead of the two secondary windings S, S "of FIGS. 2 and 3, however, has the embodiment of FIG Fig. 4 shows a .eißsige all legs 12, 13 and 14 enclosing

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The invention is of course not up

the export described above with reference to FIGS form s limited »

In general, the invention can

using magnetic circuits with multiple legs or Cores are exercised, some of which have a relatively large air gap and others a smaller one or none at all Have air gap, so that legs with different magnetic 'resistances arise.

So you can, for example, an inventive

Make a transformer with a magnetic circuit with only three legs, wherein the middle limb and one outer limb have an air gap and the other outer limb has no air gap, where the primary winding e.g. the outer leg provided with an air gap and the only secondary winding the Air gap-free outer leg surrounds. This design corresponds to that of the Pig »4, but the legs 11 and 12 have been omitted are. '

It can also be a five-legged magnetic circuit

of the type shown in Pig * 2, but which one Air gaps in the legs 11 and 15 instead of in the legs 12 and 14 or in the leg 13, the primary winding or the primary windings always one or more Leg with a relatively large air gap and the seconds. primary winding or the secondary windings always one or more air gapless legs surround *

In general, in a transformer with a magnetic circuit with legs with a large air gap, With a small air gap or no air gap, the primary winding has one or more legs with a large air gap, while the secondary winding or the secondary windings around cords without air gaps are wrapped.

In the earlier technique were already

Magnetic circuits with several legs are used, of which the one has a high reluctance and the other has a lower reluctance, with the legs niii high magnetic reluctance may contain an air gap. Magnetic circuits of this type have not yet been used in Tranefor-

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The primary winding and the Have secondary winding, probes for the production of Transformers, which are very different in the same sense Have coupling ratios in order to initially obtain a very high voltage and then a lower voltage » or for the simultaneous inclusion of the windings of a transformer and a choke coil, reducing the space requirement and the weight due to the use of a common magnetic crown be reduced for all windings.

Compared to the transformers already known, the transformer according to the invention has numerous gate parts, in particular the following

First of all, its transformation ratio in the sense of secondary winding / primary winding is very different from the reciprocal of the transformation ratio in the sense of primary winding / secondary winding.

When used as a transformer

for feeding in a Pern control voltage, it enables the Portfall the coordinated circles or resonance circles as well the conductor of large diameter for the feed circuit, which are commonly used and are expensive »

It can also be used for other applications which require very different couplings between the primary winding and the secondary winding in the two directions, e.g. in systems for the transmission of information in only one direction, which is not from others Broadcasters are allowed to receive incoming information «,

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Claims (1)

Claims ³²³⁹ " ⁷ §020818 Transformer not in the. two.-direction en different couplings, in particular for feeding in a remote control voltage, with a magnetic circuit, at least one primary winding and at least one secondary winding, characterized in that the magnetic circuit has several legs (11, 12, 13, 14), one of which high magnetic reluctance and the others have a lower magnetic reluctance, the primary winding or the primary windings (P) on one or more legs with high magnetic resistance and the secondary winding or the secondary windings (Sj, S.) on one or more legs with smaller magnetic resistance are wound. 2.) Transformer iraeh claim 1, characterized in that the leg or legs with high reluctance (13) has an air gap (13). has, while the leg or legs with lower magnetic resistance contain an air gap (22, 24) which is smaller than that of a leg with high magnetic resistance (13), or even no air gap (leg 15). 3 ») transformer according to claim 2, characterized characterized in that at least one leg with high magnetic Resistance (13) has a smaller cross section than the leg or legs (11, 12, 14, 15) with a smaller magnetic Possesses resistance. 4 ·) Transformer according to claim 2 or 3 » characterized in that at least one leg with high magnetic resistance (13) has a longer air gap (23) than the leg (12, H) ^ with lower magnetic resistance. 5.) Transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that its magnetic circuit has five legs, whereby the middle handle (13) has an air gap (23) and the two Zvinohenao handle (12, U) each have an air gap (22 * 24) which is smaller than that of the middle leg, have » _:! while the ' Ousenschenkel (11, 15) contain no air gap, wove! a primary coil (P) on the middle thigh (13) and * - v iri ·, omit / ti 3t BATH ORIGINAL - 11 - ^v 3239-70 a secondary winding (S) around the through the middle leg and the "two intermediate legs formed arrangement wrapped is (Fig. 4). 6.) Transformer with different couplings in both directions, especially for supply a remote control voltage, with a magnetic circuit, at least one primary winding and at least one secondary winding, characterized in that the magnetic circuit has several legs, one of which has a high magnetic resistance, others have medium reluctance and still others have very low reluctance have, the primary winding or the primary windings on one or more legs with high reluctance and the secondary winding or windings on one or more legs with very little magnetic Resistance wrapped 3ind, while the leg or legs with it medium magnetic resistance have no winding. 7 ·) Transformer according to claim 6, characterized characterized _t that the leg or legs with high magnetic resistance contain a large air gap, while the leg or legs with medium magnetic resistance contain a smaller air gap and the legs with very low magnetic resistance contain no air gap at all. 8.) Transformer according to claim 6, characterized characterized in that its magnetic circuit has five legs, the middle leg having a very long air gap and the both legs each have a shorter air gap, while the Ausaenachenkel contain no air gap, whereby the primary winding on the middle leg and the two secondary windings ^ e are wrapped on a luaa thigh. 9 ·) Transformer according to claim 5 or 8, characterized in that the middle handle has a smaller one Cross-section than the other legs. 1Qv) transformer according to one of the claims 1 to 9ι characterized in that the in a Net »for the Transport elektriaciier Ehergie: Secondary winding connected in series or -wicMungett for the passage of a stream Frequency de® ate BekuMäiificklung or the Sekuridärvickluft « 009847711 * 8, _B4n ' BATH ORIGINAL - 12 - 3239-70 have a low impedance for the current flowing through them, 11.) Transformer according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is connected to a network for the transport of electrical energy Secondary winding or windings for the passage of a current at the frequency of that secondary winding or secondary windings flowing current have a high impedance. L e r s e i t e