DE202023107124U1 - Pneumatic feed preparation system - Google Patents

Abstract

Pneumatic feed preparation system (100; 100'), at least comprising a mixing container (10) with a closed housing (11), on the underside of which at least one metering unit (12) is arranged, which is arranged between a pressurized air supply line (21) and a feed transport line (1 ) is arranged and - a pressure generating device, on the pressure side of which the air supply line (21) is connected and the suction side of which is connected to a fresh air intake line (22), characterized in that - the housing (11) above the metering unit (12) has at least one opening ( 13), to which a suction line (31) is connected, which opens into a dedusting device (30; 30'); - that the dedusting device (30; 30') has at least one cyclone dedusting unit (32) with a housing (33; 33' ) has a round cross-section; - that an annular space (37) is formed between an inner wall of the housing (33; 33 ') and a vertically arranged central tube (34) therein, which is closed at the top; - that the suction line (31) is tangential or at an acute angle to the radius of the housing (33; 33') opens into the annular space (37); - that the central tube (34) has a lower air inlet opening (35) at a vertical position below the mouth of the suction line (31), - that the central tube (34) has an upper air outlet opening (36 ), which is connected in an air-conducting manner to an intermediate air line (41), which opens into the fresh air intake line (22).

Description

The invention relates to a pneumatic feed preparation system with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Such a feed preparation system is used to introduce feed in portions from a storage container into a pneumatic delivery line. The delivery line branches out further so that the feed can be conveyed to a variety of feeding places.

When operating a pneumatic conveying and feeding system, the air flow generated by the compressor/compressor is fed into the feed line in the feed preparation system. With the air flow in the delivery line, the delivery medium is blown from the mixing container, which is delivered to the air flow via a metering unit such as a rotary valve, to the target locations. Some of the air gets into the mixing container through leaks in the metering unit. This ensures that dust particles are whirled up by the dry pumped medium and that they are normally catapulted out of the mixing container through a ventilation opening due to excess pressure. This means that dust or dirt is created outside the mixing container. In a closed mixing container without a ventilation opening or if the ventilation opening is blocked, excess pressure builds up due to the constant supply of air, which leads to the weighing system of the mixing container being influenced and the system malfunctioning.

The object of the invention is therefore to improve a pneumatic feed preparation system of the type mentioned in such a way that the creation of excess pressure in the mixing container is prevented as well as contamination of the surroundings of the mixing container.

This task is achieved by a pneumatic feed preparation system with the features of claim 1.

The solution of the invention is essentially based on creating an air-conducting connection between the mixing container and the suction side of the side channel compressor or the air compressor, so that an air circuit is created through which no excess pressure can arise in the mixing container and no more dust-laden air on the mixing container exit. Short-circuiting the air-carrying lines using the dedusting devices leads, on the one hand, to permanent pressure equalization.

To protect the side channel compressor or the air compressor, the dust-laden air is cleaned in the short-circuit section, the advantage of the invention being that the existing flow conditions in the feed preparation system are also used for dust separation, so that no separate blowers or the like are required to remove the dust-laden air Extract air and clean it.

According to the invention, a cyclone dedusting unit is selected for filtration. The special feature of the selection is, on the one hand, that the flow resistance is low compared to solid filters. Dedusting in a cyclone also has the advantage that low-maintenance filtration is possible without the need for a solid filter. Solid filters can be used downstream as a supplement.

Since no high differential pressure is required between the inlet and outlet sides of the dedusting device, there is the significant advantage that the same pressure generating device can be used for cyclone dedusting in the feed preparation system, with which the pneumatic conveyance of the feed is carried out, for example with a side channel compressor or compressor. The unit is therefore one and the same and is already present as standard in the airfeed feeding system. No additional energy consumer is required.

• - Entsteht im Mischbehälter ein Überdruck, wird staubbefrachtete Luft in die Entstaubungsvorrichtung gedrückt.
• - Besteht kein Überdruck im Mischbehälter, so wird dennoch eine permanente leichte Saugwirkung auf den Mischbehälter ausgeübt, um leicht flüchtige Staubanteile von der Oberseite des Mischbehälters abzuziehen, also Partikel, die so leicht sind, dass sie sich ohnehin nicht leicht am Boden des Mischbehälters niederschlagen würden, sondern vielmehr als Schwebteilchen im Förderstrom zu den Futterausgabestellen transportiert würden und dort mit der Förderluft austreten und die Umgebung verunreinigen.
• - Die Druckerzeugungseinrichtung kann Frischluft jederzeit über eine stets offene Frischluftzuführöffnung ansaugen. Der Luftkreislauf ist also nicht vollkommen geschlossen, so dass eine zu starke Saugwirkung auf den Mischbehälter vermieden wird. Außerdem kann auch bei völliger Verstopfung der Entstaubungsvorrichtung ausreichend Frischluft gefördert werden, um die pneumatische Förderung zu gewährleisten.

The air circuit, which is closed as a bypass via the dedusting device, leads to automatic pressure equalization in various operating states:

• - If excess pressure occurs in the mixing container, air containing dust is forced into the dedusting device.
• - If there is no overpressure in the mixing container, a permanent slight suction effect is still exerted on the mixing container in order to remove volatile dust components from the top of the mixing container, i.e. particles that are so light that they would not easily settle on the bottom of the mixing container anyway , but rather as suspended particles in the conveying flow would be transported to the feed distribution points and escape there with the conveying air and contaminate the environment.
• - The pressure generating device can suck in fresh air at any time via a fresh air supply opening that is always open. The air circuit is therefore not completely closed, so that excessive suction on the mixing container is avoided. In addition, the dedusting device can also fail if it is completely blocked Sufficient fresh air must be conveyed to ensure pneumatic conveyance.

• - Am Behälterdeckel des Mischbehälters wird anstatt einer Entlüftungsöffnung ein Anschluss vorgesehen, welcher über einen Saugschlauch mit der Entstaubungsvorrichtung verbunden wird.
• - Durch das Luftansaugen an der Saugseite der Druckerzeugungseinrichtung, die bevorzugt als Seitenkanalverdichter ausgebildet ist und die für den Transport des Fördermediums verwendet wird, entsteht ein Vakuum. Dieses wirkt über eine Luftzwischenleitung in die Zyklonentstaubungseinheit und durch diese hindurch in eine Saugleitung, die zum Mischbehälter führt und insbesondere als flexibler Saugschlauch ausgeführt ist.
• - Durch einen Überdruck im Mischbehälter und/oder das gleichzeitig über die Frischluftansaugung bewirkte Vakuum im Saugschlauch gelangt überflüssige, staubige Luft In die Zyklonentstaubungseinheit. Die Staubpartikel und die Luft werden darin in einer rotierenden Luftsäule getrennt. Dabei fallen die schwereren Staubpartikel nach unten hin in ein insbesondere durchsichtiges Rohr ab, das das Ende des Gehäuses der Entstaubungsvorrichtung bildet so dass der Füllstand leicht visuell erfassbar ist.
• - Um zu vermeiden, dass die leichtere Staubpartikel durch hohe Luftgeschwindigkeit in der Zyklonentstaubungseinheit nach oben hin angesogen werden und in die Druckerzeugungseinrichtung gelangen, ist vorzugsweise an dem oberen Austritt aus der Zyklonentstaubungseinheit ein Luftfilter installiert. Die leichteren Staubpartikel, die nach oben aus der Zyklonentstaubungseinheit gesogen werden, bleiben in dem Luftfilter hängen. Damit wird nur gereinigte Luft vom Seitenkanalverdichter angesaugt und es entsteht ein geschlossener Teilkreislauf in der Luftführung.
• - Um das für die pneumatische Förderung notwendige Luftvolumen bereitstellen zu können, ist die Frischluftansaugleitung oberhalb der Einmündung der Luftzwischenleitung zu wenigstens einer Luftansaugöffnung permanent geöffnet.

In a possible embodiment of the invention, the structure and operation are as follows:

• - Instead of a ventilation opening, a connection is provided on the container lid of the mixing container, which is connected to the dedusting device via a suction hose.
• - A vacuum is created by sucking in air on the suction side of the pressure generating device, which is preferably designed as a side channel compressor and which is used to transport the pumped medium. This acts via an intermediate air line into the cyclone dedusting unit and through it into a suction line which leads to the mixing container and is designed in particular as a flexible suction hose.
• - Due to excess pressure in the mixing container and/or the vacuum in the suction hose created at the same time via the fresh air intake, excess, dusty air enters the cyclone dedusting unit. The dust particles and the air are separated in a rotating column of air. The heavier dust particles fall downwards into a particularly transparent tube, which forms the end of the housing of the dedusting device so that the fill level can be easily detected visually.
• - In order to prevent the lighter dust particles from being sucked upwards by high air speed in the cyclone dedusting unit and getting into the pressure generating device, an air filter is preferably installed at the upper outlet from the cyclone dedusting unit. The lighter dust particles that are sucked upwards out of the cyclone dedusting unit remain stuck in the air filter. This means that only cleaned air is sucked in by the side channel compressor and a closed partial circuit is created in the air duct.
• - In order to be able to provide the air volume required for pneumatic delivery, the fresh air intake line is permanently open above the junction of the intermediate air line to at least one air intake opening.

In order to achieve the air flow described above and to achieve a balance between fresh air drawn in from outside and air cleaned in the dedusting device, it is important to coordinate the cross sections.

An example is described below for a pneumatic conveyor system in which the diameter of the air supply line leading to the metering unit is 50 mm and at the outlet of the pressure generating unit there is an air pressure of 0.2 bar to 0.6 bar, in particular approximately 0.4 bar, from which This results in a volume flow for the pneumatic conveyance of the feed of up to 3 m ³ /min at full capacity of the side channel compressor; A typical volume flow for conveying operation is between 1 m ³ /min and 3 m ³ /min.

In such a feed preparation system, for example, a cross section of 50mm is used for the suction hose. The cross section must not be too large, otherwise negative pressure can no longer be built up to the mixing container, and on the other hand, it must not be too small in order to avoid solid deposits and the resulting blockages in the suction hose. In the example described, there is a reduced volume flow of approximately 0.3 to 0.5 m ³ /min in the suction line.

An outlet with a diameter of 110mm is provided at the outlet of the cyclone dedusting unit, including the transparent PVC pipe for visual inspection. The diameter should not be smaller, otherwise it will have to be emptied more often.

• - Durchmesser des Zentralrohrs in der Zyklonentstaubungseinheit = 3" ;
• - Innendurchmesser der Luftzwischenleitung zwischen der Zyklonentstaubungseinheit und dem Luftfilter = 50 mm;
• - Innendurchmesser der Frischluftansaugleitung zwischen dem Seitenkanalverdichter und der Einmündung der Luftzwischenleitung = 63mm;
• - Durchmesser der Frischluftansaugleitung oberhalb der Einmündung der Luftzwischenleitung = 63 mm;
• - Innendurchmesser der Luftzwischenleitung zwischen dem Luftfilter und der Frischluftansaugleitung = 50 mm.

The other diameters in this example are:

• - Diameter of the central pipe in the cyclone dedusting unit = 3";
• - Internal diameter of the intermediate air line between the cyclone dust collection unit and the air filter = 50 mm;
• - Inner diameter of the fresh air intake line between the side channel compressor and the opening of the intermediate air line = 63mm;
• - Diameter of the fresh air intake line above the junction of the intermediate air line = 63 mm;
• - Inner diameter of the intermediate air line between the air filter and the fresh air intake line = 50 mm.

• 1 eine pneumatische Futterbereitstellungsanlage gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform in einer schematischen Ansicht; und
• 2 eine pneumatische Futterbereitstellungsanlage gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform in einer schematischen Ansicht.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. The figures show in detail:

• 1 a pneumatic feed supply system according to a first embodiment in a schematic view; and
• 2 a pneumatic feed supply system according to a second embodiment in a schematic view.

1 shows a pneumatic feed preparation system 100, in which dry feed is removed from a mixing container 11 via a metering unit 12. A feed transport line 1 of a feeding system is connected to the metering unit 12, which then branches out so that the feed removed from the mixing container 11 is conveyed pneumatically to several feed dispensing points in an animal stable. The metering unit can be designed, for example, as a rotary valve.

In order to effect pneumatic delivery, the metering unit 12 or an adjoining part of the feed transport line 1 is flowed via an air supply line 21. The conveying air is introduced into the air supply line 21 on the pressure side of a side channel compressor 20 at a pressure of 0.2 bar to 0.6 bar, on average 0.35 to 0.4 bar. A suction side of the side channel compressor 20 is connected via a fresh air intake line 22 to an air intake opening 24, which is usually located outside of a stable building.

The feed is kept ready in the mixing container 10 and supplemented continuously or at intervals via a feed supply opening 15. In order to keep the feed free of clumps for pneumatic conveying, it is circulated using an agitator. A housing 11 of the mixing container 10 is conical, so that the feed is automatically conveyed with the rotating agitator to a central bottom opening, to which the metering unit 12 is connected.

The invention provides a dedusting device 30 within the pneumatic feed preparation system 100 in order to prevent the dust particles whirled up in the mixing container 10 from reaching the metering unit 12 and from there via the feed transport line 1 to the feed distribution points in the stable building. The dedusting device 30 connects the mixing container 10 and the fresh air intake line 26, so that the suction effect of the side channel compressor 20 simultaneously results in the suction of the dust-laden air from the mixing container 10 and its dedusting via a cyclone dedusting unit 32. No separate drive is necessary to cause an air flow through the dedusting device 30.

The dedusting device 30 comprises at least one cyclone dedusting unit 32. This is essentially composed of an outer housing 33 with a round cross section and a central tube 34 arranged vertically therein. The cylindrical central tube 34 is arranged in particular in the center of the housing 33, so that an annular space 35 is formed around it is.

The annular space 35 is closed at the top by an intermediate cover 41. The central tube 34 is passed through the intermediate cover 41 and ends in an intermediate chamber 42, which is formed between the outer wall of the housing 33, the intermediate cover 41 arranged at the bottom and a cover 43 which closes the housing 33 at the top. The part of the central tube 34 protruding from the intermediate cover 41 is covered at its outlet opening with a fabric membrane, which acts as a filter element 40 in order to filter out any remaining dust.

The annular space 35 is flowed into at the top, i.e. below the intermediate cover 41, via the suction line 31 coming from the mixing container 10. The suction line 31 opens tangentially or at an acute angle to the radius of the outer housing 33, but not exactly radially into the annular space 35, in order to generate a rotating air flow. The rotating air column causes solid particles to be thrown towards the housing wall and trickle down. They can collect and be discharged in the lower area of the housing 33, which tapers conically in the lower area.

The central tube 34 has a lower air inlet opening 35 at a vertical position that is below the mouth of the suction line 31 in the housing 33 but above the dust collection area on the floor. In addition, the central tube 34 has an upper air outlet opening 36, which is connected in an air-conducting manner to an intermediate air line 41, which opens into the fresh air intake line 22. The air-conducting connection is established via an intermediate chamber 42, in which a filter element 40 is arranged to separate remaining dust particles. The intermediate chamber 42 is formed in that the annular space 37 is closed off at the top via an intermediate cover 38 and in that the housing 33 is closed at the top by a removable cover 43. The central tube 34 is guided through the intermediate cover 38 into the intermediate chamber 42 and is provided with the filter element 40 at its mouth there in the intermediate chamber 42. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the filter element 40 is a fabric membrane that is pulled onto the upper air outlet opening 36 of the central tube 34.

The intermediate air line 41 extending from the intermediate chamber 42 opens into a T-piece 23 in the fresh air intake line 22, which is arranged below the intake opening 24.

• - eine zu starke Saugwirkung im Mischbehälter 11 vermieden wird, durch welche zu hohe Feststoffanteile daraus abgesaugt würden;
• - eine ausreichend starke Saugwirkung im Mischbehälter 11 gewährleistet ist, um staubbefrachtete Luft durch die Entstaubungsvorrichtung 30 hindurchzuführen und darin Staub abzuscheiden;
• - stets ein ausreichend großer Volumenstrom an der Saugseite des Seitenkanalverdichters 20 zur Verfügung steht, um den notwendigen Förderdruck in der Luftzufuhrleitung 21 zu erzeugen, und zwar auch, wenn die Entstaubungsvorrichtung 30 verstopft sein sollte.

By adjusting the flow resistances in the suction line 31 and the intermediate air line 41 on the one hand and the fresh air intake line 22 above the T-piece 23 up to the air intake opening 24 on the other hand, the volume flows can be adjusted so that:

• - an excessive suction effect in the mixing container 11 is avoided, as a result of which excessive amounts of solids would be sucked out of it;
• - a sufficiently strong suction effect in the mixing container 11 is ensured in order to pass dust-laden air through the dedusting device 30 and to separate dust therein;
• - A sufficiently large volume flow is always available on the suction side of the side channel compressor 20 in order to generate the necessary delivery pressure in the air supply line 21, even if the dedusting device 30 is clogged.

2 shows a pneumatic feed preparation system 100 ', which with regard to the mixing container 10 with the metering unit 12, the side channel compressor 20 for pneumatic conveying and the pipe connections between them with the feed preparation system 100' 1

Slightly modified are the dedusting device 30' and the filter element 40', which in this embodiment is separated from the housing 33' of the dedusting device 30', so that in particular the maintenance of the filter element 40' is facilitated. In addition, the housing with the collecting pipe underneath is drawn lower in order to be able to temporarily store a larger volume of dust.

Reference numeral-.

1

Feed transport line

100; 100'

Pneumatic feed preparation system

10

Mixing container

11

Housing

12

Dispensing unit

13

opening

14

Agitator

15

Feed feed opening

20

Side channel blower

21

Air supply line

22

Fresh air intake line

23

Tee

24

Air intake opening

30

Dust removal device

31

suction line

32

Cyclone dust collection unit

33

Outer casing

34

Central tube

35

lower air intake opening

36

top air outlet opening

37

Annular space

38

Intermediate cover

39

Slider

40; 40'

Filter element

41

Air intermediate line

42

Intermediate chamber

43

Lid

Claims (6)

Pneumatic feed preparation system (100; 100'), at least comprising - a mixing container (10) with a closed housing (11), on the underside of which at least one metering unit (12) is arranged, which is arranged between a pressurized air supply line (21) and a feed transport line (1 ) is arranged and - a pressure generating device, on the pressure side of which the air supply line (21) is connected and the suction side of which is connected to a fresh air intake line (22), characterized in that - the housing (11) above the metering unit (12) has at least one opening ( 13), which is followed by a suction line (31) which opens into a dedusting device (30; 30'); - that the dedusting device (30; 30') has at least one cyclone dedusting unit (32) with a housing (33; 33') with a round cross section; - that an annular space (37), which is closed at the top, is formed between an inner wall of the housing (33; 33') and a central tube (34) arranged vertically therein; - that the suction line (31) opens into the annular space (37) tangentially or at an acute angle to the radius of the housing (33; 33'); - that the central tube (34) has a lower air inlet opening (35) at a vertical position below the mouth of the suction line (31), - that the central tube (34) has an upper air outlet opening (36) which conducts air with an intermediate air line (41) is connected, which opens into the fresh air intake line (22). Pneumatic feed preparation system (100; 100'). Claim 1 , characterized in that the cyclone dedusting unit (32) has a downwardly tapering housing (33; 33 ') which has an airtight sealable outlet opening on its underside. Pneumatic feed preparation system (100; 100'). Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the fresh air intake line (22) has a suction opening (24) and the intermediate air line (41) opens below the suction opening (24). Pneumatic feed supply system (100; 100') according to one of the Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that at least one filter element (40; 40') is arranged between the upper air outlet opening (36) of the central tube (34) and an inlet opening of the intermediate air line (41). Pneumatic feed preparation system (100). Claim 4 , characterized in that - the annular space (37) is closed off at the top via an intermediate cover (38) and an intermediate chamber (42) is formed between a cover (43) on the housing (33); - that the central tube (34) is guided through the intermediate cover (38) into the intermediate chamber (42) and - that the central tube (34) is provided with the filter element (40) at its mouth in the intermediate chamber (42). Pneumatic feed preparation system (100). Claim 4 or 5 , characterized in that the filter element (40) is a fabric membrane pulled onto the upper air outlet opening (36) of the central tube (34).

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