DE202023105729U1 - System for storing and supplying liquid carbon dioxide as a refrigerant, especially for filling air conditioning systems - Google Patents

Abstract

System for storing and supplying liquid carbon dioxide as a refrigerant, comprising: - a carbon dioxide tank system (1) with at least one storage tank in which liquid carbon dioxide with a temperature in a first temperature range can be stored at a pressure in a first pressure range and which at least Input connection for supplying liquid carbon dioxide something from a tank truck and at least one output connection; - at least one pressure increasing station (2), which is connected to at least one input connection via a pipeline (6) to the output connection of the storage tank and is designed to be at an output connection of the Pressure increasing station (2) to provide liquid carbon dioxide with a pressure that is increased compared to the first pressure range in a second pressure range; - a temperature control arrangement with at least one carbon dioxide buffer storage (4) connected directly or indirectly via at least one pipeline (6) to the output connection of the pressure increasing station (2). ), which are designed to hold liquid carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide buffer storage (4) at a temperature that is higher than the first temperature range in a second temperature range at a pressure in a third pressure range; - at least one at an inlet connection via at least one pipeline (6 ) Carbon dioxide recooler (5) connected to an output connection of the carbon dioxide buffer storage (4), which is designed to supply liquid carbon dioxide to at least one consumer with a temperature in a target temperature range via an output connection of the carbon dioxide recooler (5). To provide pressure in a target temperature range.

Description

The present invention relates to a system for storing and supplying liquid carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ; hereinafter generally referred to as CO2) as a refrigerant, in particular for filling air conditioning systems. In this regard, air conditioning systems in the automotive sector are particularly important. The present invention therefore also relates to an R744 supply concept for filling air conditioning systems in the automotive sector and a system designed for this purpose for storing and supplying the refrigerant R744.

As a natural refrigerant, carbon dioxide has a long tradition in refrigeration technology that dates back to the 19th century. More recently, carbon dioxide has enjoyed a renaissance as an alternative refrigerant called R744. Carbon dioxide as a refrigerant is environmentally friendly because it has a very low greenhouse gas effect (GWB) of one and the ozone depletion potential (ODB) is zero. The availability of carbon dioxide is also a given through natural sources and technological progress in the recovery of process gas. Compared to conventional fluorinated refrigerants, carbon dioxide is environmentally friendly and cost-effective. It is non-flammable, non-toxic and colorless.

The high operating pressure of this refrigerant, the low critical point, the possibility of dry ice formation when the temperature falls below the triple point and a comparatively high standstill pressure are demanding. There are corresponding demanding requirements for a system used to store and supply the refrigerant and of course also for devices and systems that use this refrigerant, such as a vehicle air conditioning system.

According to the invention, the use of special supply technology for liquid carbon dioxide R744 (CO2) is proposed, which advantageously meets these requirements.

The invention specifically provides a system for storing and supplying liquid carbon dioxide as a refrigerant, which is characterized by the features of claim 1 of the appended set of claims. Advantageous configurations of the system are defined in the dependent claims (subclaims) of the set of claims.

Preferably, the first temperature range is the range minus 25 °C to minus 20 °C.

Preferably the first pressure range is 16 bar to 20 bar.

The third pressure area can essentially correspond to the second pressure area. The target pressure range can essentially correspond to the third pressure range.

Preferably, the second pressure range and/or the third pressure range and/or the target pressure range is the range 60 bar to 70 bar.

The third temperature range can essentially correspond to the second temperature range. The target temperature range can essentially correspond to the third temperature range.

Preferably, the second temperature range and/or the third temperature range and/or the target temperature range is the range 15 °C to 20 °C.

• 1 zeigt eine Gesamtübersicht eines Fließdiagramms eines Beispiels für eine erfindungsgemäße Anlage.
• 2 zeigt in den Teilfiguren 2a bis 2g vergrößerte Teilausschnitte des Fließdiagramms der 1.

The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment, for which reference is made to the accompanying drawing, the figures of which show the following:

• 1 shows an overall overview of a flow diagram of an example of a system according to the invention.
• 2 shows in the partial figures 2a until 2g Enlarged sections of the flow diagram 1 .

• - CO2-Tankanlage (1)
• - CO2-Druckerhöhungsstation (2), vorzugsweise mit einem redundanten Kompressor
• - CO2-Luftanwärmer (3)
• - CO2-Pufferbehälter (4) mit Heizung und Kühlung für die Konditionierung des CO2
• - CO2-Rückkühler (5), d.h. ein sog. Kaltwassersatz, vorzugsweise redundant, besonders zweckmäßig vor ggf. vorgesehener R744-Befülltechnik an einer Montagelinie
• - Versorgungsrohrleitungen (6) zwischen Lagertank → Druckerhöhungsstation → Luftanwärmer → Pufferbehälter → Rückkühlung vor der Befülltechnik → Befülltechnik

An advantageous system for storage and distribution of the refrigerant R744 (CO2 / carbon dioxide liquid) of an exemplary embodiment, for example according to or based on 1 and 2 may comprise, for example, the following main components in accordance with the present invention:

• - CO2 tank system (1)
• - CO2 pressure boosting station (2), preferably with a redundant compressor
• - CO2 air heater (3)
• - CO2 buffer tank (4) with heating and cooling for conditioning the CO2
• - CO2 dry cooler (5), ie a so-called water chiller, preferably redundant, particularly useful in front of any R744 filling technology on an assembly line
• - Supply pipes (6) between storage tank → pressure boosting station → air heater → buffer tank → recooling before filling technology → filling technology

Liquid carbon dioxide is stored liquefied under pressure in the carbon dioxide tank system (1). Temperature and pressure can typically be between -25 and -20 °C and 16 - 20 bar. It can be a double-walled tank system with an inner container made of stainless steel. The space can be filled with a highly insulating material and additionally provided with a high vacuum. The fill level can be transmitted to a supplier via remote data transmission. The filling of the tank system can then be carried out automatically via a commissioned CO2 liquid distribution depending on the tank level and consumption profile.

Carbon dioxide is supplied to a pressure boosting station (2) or one of several pressure boosting stations (2) via an insulated pipeline (6). This conveys the CO2 into the downstream pipeline (6) and increases the pressure to the value required for process engineering purposes, typically around 70 bar. The pressure boosting station(s) is/are designed to be redundant for the greatest possible availability. If a compressor fails, the system control automatically switches to the redundant compressor within the pressure boosting station.

After increasing the pressure, the CO2 is heated to approximately ambient temperature using the ambient temperature using an air-heated heater (3) and conveyed into the downstream buffer container (4). This reduces the electrical energy required and reduces the carbon footprint to bring the R744 to the temperature required for the process.

In the downstream, insulated buffer container (4), R744 is stored under the process-related parameters and kept ready for forwarding to the filling systems. An integrated, redundant heating system and a cooling machine ensure compliance with the process parameters when the ambient temperature varies. The buffer container is filled depending on the weight using weighing technology.

After being transported through the pressure line (6) into the production hall to the consumers, the liquid carbon dioxide is sent directly via at least one recooling unit and at least one heat exchanger of the CO2 recooler or chiller (5) (or one of several CO2 recoolers or chillers (5)). cooled to the desired temperature level on the line before the filling technology and handed over to the filling technology. The pressure and temperature of the carbon dioxide are measured and recorded in front of the basic unit.

The system for storing and distributing the refrigerant R744 (CO2 / carbon dioxide liquid) can advantageously meet an appropriate safety concept.

The carbon dioxide tank system can advantageously be considered type-tested due to its design and the materials used. The pressure in the tank system can be kept constant using a pressure regulator. However, the pressure in the tank system could increase due to ambient heat if CO2 is not removed for a longer period of time.

In order to reliably prevent the maximum permissible pressure of the tank system from being exceeded when it heats up, the system can be equipped with redundant mechanical safety valves. To prevent overfilling by a CO2 tanker vehicle, the tank system can be equipped with a safety shut-off valve.

Carbon dioxide liquefied under pressure heats up in the pipes and system parts if there is no or little extraction or if there is a longer standstill. This leads to an increase in pressure. In order to prevent the pressure from rising above the permissible pressure of the components, all systems can be shut off Sections in which carbon dioxide is or could be trapped during normal operation must be provided with component-tested safety valves

The relief pressure of the safety valves can advantageously be adjusted under the professional supervision of an employee of a certification or monitoring organization (such as the so-called TÜV).

Safety valves in the building are advantageously provided to dissipate the pressure that increases due to thermal expansion in the event of incorrect operation of shut-off valves. The exhaust lines can advantageously be routed over the roof, for example.

The pipes used are preferably made of stainless steel pipes. The individual pipe segments can expediently be welded together. The pipeline should be tested for strength and leaks after completion and before commissioning. Thanks to the welded connections, the pipeline is considered to be permanently technically tight.

In the following, without restricting generality, possible specific configurations of the components of the system discussed above are presented as examples:

CO2 tank system (1)

• Tank system: Horizontal or vertical tank, vacuum insulated geom. Volume: as required, for example between 6,400 and 30,000 liters (L) (larger volumes, around 100,000 liters, are not excluded)
• Tank height: for example 8,150 mm
• Tank diameter: for example between 1,600 mm and 3,600 mm max. operating pressure: 22 bar
• Self-evaporation: 0.35% CO2/day (without recooling, depending on tank size)
• Material outer container: structural steel, S235 JRG 2 / 1.0038
• Material inner container: stainless steel, X5CrNi1810 / 1.4301

The container system preferably consists of a double-walled, vacuum-insulated tank (pressure vessel) that is equipped with all the fittings and control devices required for automatic operation. The inner container is preferably made of stainless steel, the outer container is preferably made of structural steel.

The system can be intended for outdoor installation and placed on a concrete foundation.

CO2 pressure booster station (2)

CO2 pressure boosting station, with pneumatic drive for outdoor installation in a heated control cabinet. The system can advantageously be equipped redundantly with two compressors.

Example technical data:

• Standard delivery quantity (continuous operation) max. 80 kg CO2/h (at max. 70 bar)
• Compressed air consumption: approx. 0.4 Nm3/kg CO2
• Compressed air network pressure: 6 bar above sea level
• Number of compressors: 2 pieces

Dimensions of the compressor station (example approx. details): Depth: 500mm Width: 1,200mm Height: 1,900mm

CO2 air heater (3)

Gas heater for carbon dioxide e.g. type L400-8F3-HD

Air-heated high-pressure finned tube heater with media-carrying pipes made of stainless steel, preferably designed for outdoor installation.

Example performance data:

• Pressure rating: HP 400 bar
• Electrical power consumption: not applicable
• Connection voltage: not applicable
• Dimensions (LxWxH): for example, approx. 1,120 × 720 × 4,000 mm

CO2 buffer container (4)

Insulated buffer container, preferably in a horizontal version. The container can advantageously stand on an electronic load cell, which can be installed in a (possibly galvanized) steel frame. The container pressure can be kept within the required range for the process using a built-in, redundant heater and a refrigeration machine.

Example performance data:

• Pressure level: HP 80 bar
• Insulation: 100 mm with sheet metal jacket, 1 mm
• Container material: P355NL or cf.
• Heating: e.g. two heating registers, each with approx. 5.0 kW heating output
• Refrigeration machine: approx. 2.0 kW
• Connection voltage: 400 V / 50 Hz
• Dimensions (LxWxH): approx. 2,400 × 2,500 × 2,000 mm
• Operating weight: approx. 4,000 kg

These are examples for illustrative purposes. The design of the buffer container (size, volume, dimensions) must be selected depending on consumption and the specification of the filling system technology.

CO2 dry cooler in front of the filling system / chiller (5)

Recooler for liquid carbon dioxide to ensure the transfer specification at the transfer point to the consumers, especially the vehicle filling systems.

The number of dry coolers provided as part of the system depends on the number of consumers or filling systems. Recooling is carried out using water or an ethylene glycol/water mixture as a heat transfer medium. In conjunction with the built-in buffer container, compliance with the R744 transfer specification is ensured even with greatly fluctuating acceptance profiles. The heat transfer tank is depressurized.

• - Pufferbehälter
• - Kältemaschine frequenzgeregelt
• - Umwälzpumpe (redundant)
• - Wasser/CO2 Wärmetauscher
• - Elektrischer Steuerung
• - Absperr- und Sicherheitsarmaturen

The recooler unit can advantageously essentially consist of:

• - Buffer container
• - Frequency controlled refrigeration machine
• - Circulation pump (redundant)
• - Water/CO2 heat exchanger
• - Electrical control
• - Shut-off and safety fittings

• Druckstufe: PS 10/100 bar
• Elektrische Leistungsaufnahme gesamt: 5,0 kW Anschlussspannung:400 V / 50 Hz
• Maximaler Betriebsstrom 16 A
• Kältemittel: R513A
• Kältemittelmenge: 3,0 kg
• Abmessungen (LxBxH): je 1000 × 1500 × 2.000 mm
• Gewicht: je ca. 500 kg

When it comes to the dry cooler, the following performance data is taken into account:

• Pressure rating: HP 10/100 bar
• Total electrical power consumption: 5.0 kW Connection voltage: 400 V / 50 Hz
• Maximum operating current 16 A
• Refrigerant: R513A
• Refrigerant quantity: 3.0 kg
• Dimensions (LxWxH): 1000 × 1500 × 2,000 mm each
• Weight: approx. 500 kg each

• Medien: CO2/Wasser-Ethylenglykol-Gemisch oder reines Wasser Anzahl Platten: 40
• Volumen: 2 × 2 Liter
• Gewicht: 28 kg
• Abmessung (LxBxH): 98 × 425 × 203 mm
• Isolierung: Ggfs. Armaflex

Regarding the heat exchanger, the following performance data is considered, for example:

• Media: CO2/water-ethylene glycol mixture or pure water Number of plates: 40
• Volume: 2 × 2 liters
• Weight: 28kg
• Dimensions (LxWxH): 98 × 425 × 203 mm
• Insulation: if necessary. Armaflex

CO2 pipeline construction (6)

1. A) Tank system -> pressure boosting station:
   • Stainless steel pipe, welded
2. B) Pressure boosting station → heating → buffer tank → CO2 filling system including dry cooler and heat exchanger at the inputs of the R744 filling systems on the filling platform above the assembly line:
   • Stainless steel pipe, welded.

• Druckstufe: ND: PS 40/ HD: PS 100
• Nennweite: DN 15/25 (18x1,5; 28x1,5 mm) Werkstoff: 1.4571
• Isolation: nicht zwingend erforderlich

Characteristics in question:

• Pressure level: ND: PS 40/ HD: PS 100
• Nominal diameter: DN 15/25 (18x1.5; 28x1.5 mm) Material: 1.4571
• Isolation: not absolutely necessary

The pipelines contain the necessary fittings and safety valves for safe system operation as well as for maintenance and repair purposes.

Electrical engineering/automation (7)

• 1 Allgemeine Funktionen
• 1.1 Meldungen
• Alle auftretenden Gefahr-, Stör-, Warn- und Wartungsmeldungen werden zu einer Sammelstörmeldung zusammengefasst und regen eine Meldelampe am Schaltschrank zum Blinken an. Die Meldungen werden einzeln am Bediengerät angezeigt. Meldungen sind beispielsweise wie folgt zu unterscheiden:
  • 1.1.1 Betriebsmeldungen
• Betriebsmeldungen sind Informationen über den Anlagenzustand ohne weitere Reaktion bezüglich der Anlage und werden nur angezeigt.
• Eine Betriebsmeldung hat keinen Einfluss auf die Sammelstörlampe.
• 1.1.2 Wartungsmeldungen
  • Wartungsmeldungen werden am Bediengerät signalisiert. Es werden keine Schalthandlungen durchgeführt.
  • Die Sammelstörlampe blinkt. Dieser Zustand bleibt bis zur Störungsbeseitigung und Quittierung erhalten.
• 1.1.3 Warnmeldungen
  • Warnmeldungen werden am Bediengerät signalisiert und können die betroffene Anlage abschalten. Die Sammelstörlampe blinkt. Dieser Zustand bleibt bis zur Störungsbeseitigung und Quittierung erhalten.
• 1.1.4 Störmeldungen ohne Anlagenabschaltung
  • Störmeldungen ohne Anlagenabschaltung werden am Bediengerät signalisiert und schalten nur das gestörte Aggregat ab.
  • Die Sammelstörlampe blinkt. Dieser Zustand bleibt bis zur Störungsbeseitigung und Quittierung erhalten.
• 1.1.5 Störmeldungen mit Anlagenabschaltung
  • Störmeldungen mit Anlagenabschaltung werden am Bediengerät signalisiert und führen zum sofortigen Abschalten der Anlage.
• Die Sammelstörlampe blinkt. Dieser Zustand bleibt bis zur Störungsbeseitigung und Quittierung erhalten.
• 1.1.6 Gefahrmeldungen mit Anlagenabschaltung
  • Gefahrmeldungen werden am Bediengerät signalisiert und führen zum sofortigen Abschalten der Anlage bzw. zum Erreichen eines gefahrlosen Zustandes (z.B. Frostschutzschaltung).
  • Die Sammelstörlampe blinkt. Dieser Zustand bleibt bis zur Störungsbeseitigung und Quittierung erhalten.
• 1.2 Schaltbefehle
  • Bei allen Schaltbefehlen erfolgt eine Kontrolle durch eine Rückmeldung mit einer Laufzeitüberwachung. Ist nach Ablauf der Laufzeit keine Rückmeldung erfolgt, so wird der Schaltbefehl als gestört gemeldet. Über diese Schaltbefehlsstörung können Anlagen oder Anlagenteile abgeschaltet werden.

A controller can expediently be used to control the supply system, which can advantageously provide the following functions, for example:

• 1 General functions
• 1.1 Reports
• All occurring danger, fault, warning and maintenance messages are combined into a collective fault message and cause an indicator light on the control cabinet to flash. The messages are displayed individually on the operating device. For example, messages can be distinguished as follows:
  • 1.1.1 Operational messages
• Operating messages are information about the system status without any further reaction regarding the system and are only displayed.
• An operating message has no influence on the collective fault lamp.
• 1.1.2 Maintenance messages
  • Maintenance messages are signaled on the operating device. No switching operations are carried out.
  • The collective fault lamp flashes. This state remains until the fault is eliminated and acknowledged.
• 1.1.3 Alerts
  • Warning messages are signaled on the operating device and can switch off the affected system. The collective fault lamp flashes. This state remains until the fault is eliminated and acknowledged.
• 1.1.4 Fault messages without system shutdown
  • Fault messages without system shutdown are signaled on the operating device and only switch off the faulty unit.
  • The collective fault lamp flashes. This state remains until the fault is eliminated and acknowledged.
• 1.1.5 Fault messages with system shutdown
  • Fault messages with system shutdown are signaled on the operating device and lead to the system being switched off immediately.
• The collective fault lamp flashes. This state remains until the fault is eliminated and acknowledged.
• 1.1.6 Danger messages with system shutdown
  • Danger messages are signaled on the operating device and lead to the system being switched off immediately or to a safe state being reached (e.g. frost protection circuit).
  • The collective fault lamp flashes. This state remains until the fault is eliminated and acknowledged.
• 1.2 Switching commands
  • All switching commands are checked by feedback with runtime monitoring. If there is no feedback after the running time has expired, the switching command is reported as faulty. This switching command fault can be used to switch off systems or parts of the system.

2.1 Automation system (DDC)

A DDC system can advantageously be used in which the DDC programs can be edited and downloaded and uploaded from the control room via the system bus (Ethernet). The automation stations preferably fulfill all automation and optimization tasks independently and reliably using standardized and tested function blocks for supply technology and other building technology systems. The modular software blocks from a standardized library can be freely combined depending on the requirements of the individual system and provided with the necessary operating parameters.

A Siemens 1515F -2 PN/DP DDC with IM155 - 6PN ST expansion modules can be used in the control cabinet. The system can be operated and monitored on site using a touch panel such as the 1200 Comfort type. The DDC can be programmed in the TIA Portal V16 and connected to the BMS via an Ethernet interface.

Alternatively, other controls (e.g. Rockwell, B&R, Bosch, etc.) can also be used.

The system can advantageously be connected to a higher-level control system. The control system can then take on higher-level functions for optimal operational management and can be used for central operation and monitoring of all supply systems. The control system could provide access to all connected systems and handle optimization, management and statistical functions.

2.2 Fill level monitoring supply tank

The storage tank (1) preferably works autonomously. By default, the fill level and pressure from the supply tank could only be displayed on site. A display in the main cabinet is also possible and practical. It can be provided that the tank fill level is advantageously communicated directly to the CO2 supplier via remote data transmission.

2.3 Pressure increase (2)

The compressors preferably used can in principle be used in a variety of applications. They are used to convey gases that are liquefied under pressure and to compress them to high pressures. The compressors can advantageously be driven by compressed air in the range of 1 to 10 bar and are released depending on the mass in the buffer storage.

• Masse < 400 kg START Kompressoren
• Masse > 800 kg STOP Kompressoren

Setting for example:

• Mass < 400 kg START compressors
• Mass > 800 kg STOP compressors

2.4 Buffer container (4)

Buffer storage keeps the refrigerant CO2 available for consumers or production.

A shut-off ball valve can be provided in front of the buffer tank, which closes in the event of an emergency stop and gas warning and when the buffer tank fill level is at max.

Another shut-off ball valve can be provided after the buffer container, which closes in the event of an emergency stop and gas warning.

The filling level of the buffer container can conveniently be measured in [kg] and displayed in the main cabinet. The buffer tank pressure can be measured in [bar] and displayed in the main cabinet.

2.5 Gas warning system used

For gas monitoring, a gas warning system can advantageously be used, which includes, for example, a Regard 2410 evaluation unit and PIR 7000 sensors.

2.6 Chiller / CO2 dry cooler (5)

Water-cooled compact machines can be used as refrigeration machines, which are available with pipes and wires ready for connection. Common designs and sizes can be used, for example with a scroll compressor, separate condenser and fan and robust coaxial evaporator. It is advisable to provide large tank volumes for these machines relative to the comparatively low output, so that the refrigeration machines are suitable for a wide range of applications. The chillers can be equipped with compact controllers that have proven their worth in the field.

The proposed overall concept and an expedient, precise measurement and control technology with microprocessor control tailored specifically to the application enable precise temperature control. When the request is made, the chillers are released and the faults are displayed on the main cabinet and control unit as well as the control system.

2.7 BMZ message

A fire alarm control panel that can be used advantageously can signal the requirements for emergency shutdown via an open contact.

The switchgear of the CO2 supply system can use a closed potential-free contact to signal that there is no main alarm from the gas warning system.

2.8 EMERGENCY STOP button

An emergency stop button can be provided on the outside of the container area and an emergency stop button on the control cabinet, which work in a safety circuit and switch off all components. The emergency stop can be acknowledged at the control cabinet in the technology center.

Example parts/components list

In addition to the 1 and 2 A list of parts or components that are suitable for the implementation of a corresponding system is hereby communicated, the names of which refer to those in the 1 and 2 the terms included refer to: CO2 tank system (1) Vacuum insulated storage container Depending on your needs Pressure boosting station (2) redundant pump station to increase pressure to 70bar Size depends on requirements Air heater (3) Atmospheric evaporator Size depends on requirements Control cabinet (7) Control cabinet for controlling the system according to customer specifications CO2 buffer container (4) Insulated pressure vessel with integrated temperature control (heating and cooling) 1,450 liters CO2 dry cooler (5) Heat exchanger unit with connected chiller Size depends on requirements CO2 pipeline Stainless steel line, partially insulated as a connection between the buffer tank (4) and the dry cooler (5) Dn 25 H01 Shut-off valve, manually operated DN 25 HO2 Drain ball valve - welded DN 15 HO3 Drain ball valve - welded DN 15 HO4 Shut-off valve, manually operated DN 25 HO5 Drain ball valve - welded DN 15 HO6 Shut-off valve, manually operated DN 40 HO7 Shut-off valve, manually operated DN 20 HO8 Shut-off valve, manually operated DN 40 HO9 Shut-off valve, manually operated DN 40 H10 Shut-off valve, manually operated DN 40 H11 Shut-off valve, manually operated DN 15 H12 Drain ball valve - welded DN 15 H16 Shut-off valve, manually operated DN 15 H17 Shut-off valve, manually operated DN 15 H18 Drain ball valve - welded DN 15 H25 Shut-off valve, manually operated DN 15 H26 Drain ball valve - welded DN 15 H27 Shut-off valve, manually operated DN 15 H31 Shut-off valve, manually operated DN 20 H32 Shut-off valve, manually operated DN 20 H33 Shut-off valve, manually operated DN 20 H38 Shut-off valve, manually operated DN 20 H39 Ball valve, general DN20 H12 Shut-off valve, manually operated DN 15 SV01 20 bar Corner-shaped safety valve DN 25 SV02 20 bar Corner-shaped safety valve DN 25 SV03 80 bar Corner-shaped safety valve DN 25 SV06 80 bar Corner-shaped safety valve DN 25 SV07 80 bar Corner-shaped safety valve DN 25 SV09 80 bar Corner-shaped safety valve DN 25 PV02 with GOS ± Ball valve with pneumatic drive, spring-loaded closing, including position indicator DN 25 D02 Pressure reducing valve in general DN 20 PI01 Pressure gauge unit 0-100bar Pl 03 Pressure gauge unit 0-10bar PISA 03 Electronic pressure measuring device with display 0-100bar PISA 05 Electronic pressure measuring device with display 0-100bar R01 Non-return valve DN 25 TISA01 Electronic temperature measurement with display WICR01 Weighing technology as level measurement of the buffer tank (4)

Of course, other parts or components can also be used in the concrete implementation of a system according to the invention, and parts or components can also be omitted and/or added.

Claims (17)

System for storing and supplying liquid carbon dioxide as a refrigerant, comprising: - a carbon dioxide tank system (1) with at least one storage tank in which liquid carbon dioxide with a temperature in a first temperature range can be stored at a pressure in a first pressure range and which has at least one input connection for supplying liquid carbon dioxide something from a tank truck and at least one output connection ; - at least one pressure increasing station (2), which is connected to at least one input port via a pipeline (6) to the output port of the storage tank and is designed to deliver liquid carbon dioxide at an output port of the pressure increasing station (2) at a pressure that is increased compared to the first pressure range to provide a second printing area; - a temperature control arrangement with at least one carbon dioxide buffer store (4) connected directly or indirectly via at least one pipeline (6) to the output connection of the pressure increasing station (2), which is designed to store liquid carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide buffer store (4) with an opposite maintaining the first temperature range at an elevated temperature in a second temperature range at a pressure in a third pressure range; - at least one carbon dioxide recooler (5) connected to an input connection via at least one pipeline (6) to an output connection of the carbon dioxide buffer storage (4), which is designed to supply liquid carbon dioxide to at least one via an output connection of the carbon dioxide recooler (5). to provide a consumer with a temperature in a target temperature range at a pressure in a target temperature range. Plant according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the first temperature range is or includes the range minus 25 ° C to minus 20 ° C. Plant according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the first pressure range is or includes the range 16 bar to 20 bar. Plant according to one of the Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that the third pressure range essentially corresponds to the second pressure range and/or that the target pressure range essentially corresponds to the third pressure range. Plant according to one of the Claims 1 until 4 , characterized in that the second pressure range and/or the third pressure range and/or the target pressure range is or includes the range 60 bar to 70 bar. Plant according to one of the Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that the third temperature range essentially corresponds to the second temperature range and/or that the target temperature range essentially corresponds to the third temperature range. Plant according to one of the Claims 1 until 6 , characterized in that the second temperature range and/or the third temperature range and/or the target temperature range is or includes the range 15 °C to 20 °C. Plant according to one of the Claims 1 until 7 , characterized in that the temperature control arrangement comprises at least one air-heated heater (3) connected upstream of the carbon dioxide buffer storage (4). Plant according to one of the Claims 1 until 8th , characterized in that the carbon dioxide buffer storage (4) has at least one heating unit integrated therein, for example comprising an electrical resistance heater, and/or that the carbon dioxide buffer storage (4) has at least one cooling unit, for example comprising a refrigeration machine. Plant according to one of the Claims 1 until 9 , characterized in that the carbon dioxide buffer store (4) is designed with at least one weighing device, on the basis of which the carbon dioxide buffer store (4) can be filled with liquid carbon dioxide in a weight-controlled manner. Plant according to one of the Claims 1 until 10 , characterized in that the carbon dioxide recooler (5) has at least one cooling unit which is used to cool a liquid heat transfer medium, which is in heat exchange connection via at least one heat exchanger with the liquid carbon dioxide flowing through it in order to supply the liquid carbon dioxide to the at least one consumer with a temperature in the target temperature range. Plant according to one of the Claims 1 until 11 , characterized in that the at least one consumer is a filling station associated with the system for filling an air conditioning system, in particular a vehicle air conditioning system in a motor vehicle, with liquid carbon dioxide as a refrigerant. Plant according to one of the Claims 1 until 12 , characterized by a system control that is designed or programmed to control components of the system so that the liquid carbon dioxide at the reference points of the system corresponds to the temperature and pressure parameters provided for in the system. Plant according to Claim 13 , characterized in that the system control is designed or programmed to bring the pressure of the liquid carbon dioxide to the pressure in the second pressure range by appropriately controlling at least one compressor of the pressure increasing station (2) and/or by appropriately controlling at least one component of the temperature control arrangement, in particular their heating unit and/or their cooling unit to bring the temperature of the liquid carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide buffer storage (4) to the temperature in the second temperature range and to maintain it in the second temperature range. Plant according to Claim 13 or 14 , characterized in that the system control is designed or programmed to cool the liquid carbon dioxide as required by appropriately controlling at least one component of the carbon dioxide recooler (5), in particular its cooling unit len in order to provide the liquid carbon dioxide to the at least one consumer with a temperature in the target temperature range, even if it is during an inflow of the liquid carbon dioxide via a pipeline (6) between the carbon dioxide buffer storage (4) and the carbon dioxide recooler ( 5) the temperature has increased above the target temperature range. Plant according to one of the Claims 1 until 15 , characterized in that one/the pipe (6) between the carbon dioxide buffer storage (4) and the carbon dioxide recooler (5) is significantly longer than pipes (6) between other components of the system. Plant according to one of the Claims 1 until 16 , characterized in that the carbon dioxide recooler (5) is arranged, if desired, together with the at least one consumer on the one hand and the carbon dioxide buffer storage (4) on the other hand in different buildings or rooms, for example in a motor vehicle production plant.

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