DE202022103691U1 - Alternatively installable solar panels and solar cells - Google Patents

Abstract

Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells, characterized in that they are collapsible, foldable, sliding, rotatable, can be covered by usable areas or rotate in or out of the sun.

Description

The global demand for energy is constantly increasing. In the case of renewable energies, there is currently a focus on power generation. However, energy consumption through heating - above all in the private sector - has a much larger share. Of course, heat can be generated with biogas or pellet heating systems. Simpler, more direct and "on-site" production can be guaranteed by solar collectors or indirectly solar cells.

A solar collector or solar collector or thermal solar collector heats a solar liquid (heat transfer medium, e.g. water with glycol / propylene glycol) or in tube collectors / vacuum collectors with a heat pipe and often CPC - mirrors (Compound Parabolic Concentrator) a liquid with a low evaporation point by solar radiation. This generates thermal energy that can be used immediately (e.g. for heating or hot water/process water) or stored directly (e.g. in a large insulated water tank) or indirectly (e.g. as latent heat storage / phase change storage with salts, among other things).

Since the heat requirement for heating systems in countries with cold winters is enormous, a correspondingly large collector area is required. An orientation of stationary collectors towards the south with e.g. 45 degree inclination angle is ideal. Of course, the best angle depends on the time of year and day. However, some solar cells/photovoltaics are already installed on the roofs of houses and (possibly existing) a few thermal solar collectors can only heat the service water. The house walls offer additional space for collectors. Other free areas are usually only available on the ground, e.g. in the form of a lawn. Since the lawn is used, for example, as a lying area or for optical reasons, no solar collectors are usually installed on lawns.

Photovoltaic modules have been known for a long time and are becoming more and more efficient and cheaper. But even this possibility of generating electricity very quickly comes up against spatial limits in the private sector. The problem is similar to that of the solar collectors. Solar cells have the advantage that heat pumps operated with the help of directly generated electricity generate significantly more heat than with electric heating alone. However, the solar radiation in the heating period is significantly lower than in the warm season.

In times of climate change, shading lawns and plants is also "essential for survival".

• CN000214746535U , kleiner aufklappbarer und sich drehender Kollektor,
• CN000215176113U , kleiner aufklappbarer Kollektor,
• DE202006009100U1 , mobiles Scherengitter für Photovoltaik-Module und möglichem optimalen Winkel zur Sonne,
• EP000003271667B1 , für eine optimierte Installation faltbarer Kollektoren und Photovoltaik-Module,
• FR000002353811A1 , herausklappbarer Kollektor an einem Fenster,
• JP0000H0694308A, faltbarer thermischer Kollektor mit Speicher in Form eines Dreiecks,
• US000004988060A , faltbare und klappbare Photovoltaik-Module für Satelliten,
• US020120211004A1 , Photovoltaik unter einem Kunstrasen,
• WO002014179893A1 , einziehbare gefaltete Photovoltaik-Module an einer Haltekonstruktion.

Some publication numbers relevant to the invention with the appropriate reference are mentioned here as examples:

• CN000214746535U , small collapsible and rotating collector,
• CN000215176113U , small hinged collector,
• DE202006009100U1 , mobile scissor lattice for photovoltaic modules and possible optimal angle to the sun,
• EP000003271667B1 , for an optimized installation of collapsible collectors and photovoltaic modules,
• FR000002353811A1 , hinged collector on a window,
• JP0000H0694308A, foldable thermal collector with storage in the shape of a triangle,
• US000004988060A , foldable and collapsible photovoltaic modules for satellites,
• US020120211004A1 , photovoltaic under an artificial turf,
• WO002014179893A1 , retractable folded photovoltaic modules on a support structure.

My invention is based on the further development of solar collectors and solar cells for efficient use.

The existing solutions fulfill their function according to the circumstances but do not have the possibilities of the above invention.

The possibility of thermal solar collectors and photovoltaic modules being collapsible, foldable, sliding, rotatable, concealable from usable areas or rotating in or out of the sun is desired and the invention of alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells specified in claim 1 meets these requirements.

Examples:

For a long time, solar collectors have not only been used in the home to heat liquids and generate electricity using photovoltaic modules.

Collapsible ( 1 ), -foldable, -slidable, rotatable, concealable from usable areas ( 2 ) or turning into or out of the sun ( 3 ) solar panels and photovoltaic panels.

In addition to implementation on private property, implementation on large areas such as fields is of course also possible.

According to protection claim 2, seasonal storage can also be used for large areas with thermal collectors. In this way, some or all of the energy required for heating during the cold season could be taken from these stores.

(Almost) all alternatively installed solar collectors and / or solar panels 1 reduce the risk of "burning" and thus dying of the plants in the increasingly hot summers.

The surfaces of the solar collectors and photovoltaic modules should (as described in protection claim 3) be provided with a dirt-repellent layer (e.g. "nano-coating"). However, if soiling occurs, it can then be easily cleaned, e.g. by rain.

If the lawn / plant area 2 is "overhead" due to the collectors being folded up, a support structure / grid 3 in the root system or above the surface makes sense according to protection claim 4. So that the collectors/PV modules can be moved accordingly (as shown in protection claim 5), solutions with hydraulics/racks/motors/telescopic rods/with (e.g. steel or plastic) cables via deflection rods are possible (possibly with supporting Spring tension, if necessary the individual rows one after the other, deflection cables of different lengths, first only one deflection rod is pulled up and then (successively) with a better angle the collector / the module).

According to protection claim 6, a tubular motor 5 at the base of the collector or motors on the lower sides of a row of collectors can also move the surfaces ( 1 ). Almost all solutions are mechanically or electrically conceivable (as shown in claim 7). As soon as the collector / module is vertical, a support rod 4 folds out ( 1 ).

Another alternative way of installing collectors and panels is by covering the surface with moving areas of grass/vegetable land ( 2 , transport rollers 6). If the solar radiation is too intense, these green areas are shut down by the collectors and panels according to protection claim 8 and placed next to them without using up much space. This has the advantage, especially for thermal solar collectors, that no flexible pressure hoses are required and more sensitive CPC vacuum collectors can also be used. Since power cables are less problematic than pressure lines, using PV solar panels is easier.

In addition, collectors and PV panels on a rotary tube / bogie with or without a stepper motor 7 are conceivable ( 3 ). The installation e.g. on a ground socket or spin anchor is very simple (as shown in protection claim 9), the hoses for the solar fluid in the thermal solar collectors and power cables in the photovoltaic modules do not have to tolerate any major movements and if they are not used they turn towards the sun and cast only a very small shadow. According to protection claim 10, a (variable) sloping installation with sun tracking makes sense for a higher degree of efficiency. If all the collectors and PV panels in a row are connected with cables (eg steel or plastic) (as shown in protection claim 11), the number of motors required is drastically reduced.

• - die Kollektoren / Module können nach Schutzanspruch 12 jeweils zur Seite oder hochgeklappt werden.
• - rechteckige, ovale oder kreisrunde Rasen / pflanzliche Nutzflächen - Platten können weggeschoben / weggedreht werden. Auch ähnlich einer Blüte wobei auf einem „Blütenblatt“ die Platten gestapelt oder hochkant gekippt werden (wie im Schutzanspruch 13 dargestellt).
• - der Rasen / die pflanzliche Nutzfläche kann nach Schutzanspruch 14 unter die Kollektoren oder Module gefahren wird.
• - jeweils zwei Kreise / rechteckige Flächen mit Rasen / pflanzlichen Nutzflächen wechseln sich mit den Kollektoren / Modulen in der Sonnenexposition ab (wie im Schutzanspruch 15 dargestellt).
• - die Kollektoren / PV-Module können nach Schutzanspruch 16 senkrecht in einem schmalen Schacht daneben verschwinden.
• - die Kollektoren / PV-Module können sich über einem Schacht, der gut die halbe Höhe der Kollektoren hat, drehen (wie im Schutzanspruch 17 dargestellt).
• - auf einem Feld oder falls es hauptsächlich um die Optik der Grünflächen geht können die Kollektoren / PV-Module nach Schutzanspruch 18 komplett über der Erde drehend installiert werden.
• - die Kollektoren / PV-Module können ineinander oder hintereinander neben der Grünfläche zusammengeschoben oder gerade übereinander geschoben werden (wie im Schutzanspruch 19 dargestellt).
• - nach Schutzanspruch 20 können die Kollektoren / PV-Module ähnlich aufklappbar sein wie Satelliten-Panels ohne ein zusätzliches Gerüst.

The following alternative installations of thermal collectors and photovoltaic modules are also possible:

• - the collectors / modules can be folded to the side or up according to protection claim 12.
• - Rectangular, oval or circular lawns / planted areas - Plates can be pushed away / turned away. Also similar to a flower, where the plates are stacked or tilted on edge on a “petal” (as shown in protection claim 13).
• - The lawn / the vegetable area can be driven under the collectors or modules according to protection claim 14.
• - two circles/rectangular areas with lawn/vegetable areas alternate with the collectors/modules in sun exposure (as shown in protection claim 15).
• - According to protection claim 16, the collectors / PV modules can disappear vertically in a narrow shaft next to it.
• - the collectors / PV modules can rotate over a shaft that is a good half the height of the collectors (as shown in protection claim 17).
• - in a field or if it is mainly about the appearance of the green areas, the collectors / PV modules can be installed completely above ground according to protection claim 18.
• - the collectors / PV modules can be placed one inside the other or one behind the other next to the green area pushed together or pushed straight over each other (as shown in protection claim 19).
• - According to protection claim 20, the collectors / PV modules can be opened similarly to satellite panels without an additional framework.

In the case of solutions with flexible collectors / PV modules, these can also be tracked to the sun at the optimum angle. Instead of complicated determination of the position of the sun, it can simply be controlled according to a time and season database (as shown in protection claim 21).

According to protection claim 22, flexible pipes, e.g. made of special silicone, are indispensable for the flexible solutions of the solar collectors.

reference list

(1)

Solar collector / solar cells

(2)

Lawn, cropland

(3)

support grid

(4)

Support / idler bar

(5)

electric tubular motor / motors on the lower sides of a row

(6)

transport rollers

(7)

Electric motor / stepper motor for rotation of the solar panels / solar cells

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• CN 000214746535 U [0006]
• CN 000215176113 U [0006]
• DE 202006009100 U1 [0006]
• EP 000003271667 B1 [0006]
• FR 000002353811 A1 [0006]
• US000004988060A [0006]
• US020120211004A1 [0006]
• WO 002014179893 A1 [0006]

Claims (22)

Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells, characterized in that these are collapsible, foldable, sliding, rotatable, can be covered by usable areas or rotate in or out of the sun. Alternatively installable solar panels and solar cells, after claim 1 , characterized in that they are connected to seasonal storage (directly with insulated water tank or indirectly with latent heat storage / phase change storage). Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surfaces are provided with a dirt-repellent layer (eg "nano-coating"). Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that "overhead" standing lawn / the crop area is provided with a support structure / grid in the root system or above the surface. Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that these are equipped with hydraulics/racks/motors/telescopic rods/with (e.g. steel or plastic) cables via deflection rods, possibly with supporting spring tension, if necessary the individual rows are provided one after the other with deflection cables of different lengths. Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that they have a tubular motor at the base or motors on the lower sides of a row. Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that they are moved mechanically or electrically. Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that programming controls the movement of the green areas of the collectors and panels. Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that these are installed, for example, on a ground socket or spin anchor and with or without a stepping motor. Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is an inclined installation with programmed solar tracking. Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a row all collectors and PV panels are connected with (eg steel or plastic) cables. Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that these are each folded to the side or up. Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that rectangular, oval or circular lawns/vegetable areas - panels are pushed away/turned away and stacked or tilted on edge. Solar collectors and solar cells that can be installed as an alternative, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lawn/the usable plant area is moved under the collectors or modules in a programmed manner. Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two circles/rectangular areas with lawn/vegetable areas are programmed to alternate with the collectors/modules in the exposure to the sun. Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that these are programmed to be moved vertically into a narrow shaft next to the standard position. Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that they are moved in a programmed manner over a shaft which is at least half the height of the collectors/PV modules. Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that they are installed rotating halfway up the collectors / PV modules completely above ground. Alternatively installable solar panels and solar cells, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that these programmed to be pushed together or pushed together next to the green area one behind the other or straight on top of each other. Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that they are moved in a programmed manner so that they can be folded out like satellite panels without an additional framework. Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that these track the sun at the optimum angle. Instead of determining the position of the sun, it is controlled according to a time and season database. Alternatively installable solar collectors and solar cells according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal solar collectors are connected with flexible pipes (eg made of special silicone).

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