DE202022102676U1 - Blockchain-Based Secure Swarm Intelligent Routing System for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANET) - Google Patents

Abstract

. A blockchain-backed secure swarm intelligence routing system for a mobile ad hoc network (MANET), the system comprising:
a plurality of wireless communication devices connected to a plurality of guardian nodes, the plurality of guardian nodes including a plurality of source nodes and a plurality of destination nodes deployed in a plurality of authentication and channel selection (CH) zones serving for a large environment, each zone among the plurality of zones including a plurality of clusters;
a cluster-based control unit capable of managing route and location issues to resolve communication and computational complexities, the cluster-based control unit comprising:
a clustering unit adapted to divide the network into different clusters, wherein in each cluster among the plurality of clusters, one protection node among the plurality of protection nodes is chosen as the channel and other protection nodes among the plurality of protection nodes are chosen as members of the channel; and
a cluster maintenance unit configured to forward packets, the cluster maintenance unit having an inter-cluster maintenance for packet forwarding and routing using multiple channels (CHs) and an intra-cluster maintenance for packet forwarding and routing within the plurality of clusters includes;
an encryption unit connected to the plurality of wireless communication devices, adapted to encrypt all data packets received twice from the plurality of wireless communication devices in the cluster and to detect disaster data packets;
a secure priority-aware routing entity adapted to send disaster packets to the destination node among the plurality of destination nodes and also to encrypt the disaster packets according to the sensitivity level of the packets, the secure priority-aware routing entity being connected to a bit fitness optimizer is that initializes the input and evaluates a fitness value score, wherein the secure priority-aware routing unit is configured to compare the evaluated fitness value score with the pre-stored threshold fitness value score for the selection of the optimal Disaster packages path checked.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the field of communications. More particularly, the present invention relates to a blockchain-based secure swarm intelligence routing system for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET).

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A mobile ad hoc network is a temporary network that is formed independently by mobile terminals using an air interface and is independent of an infrastructure network.

The mobile ad hoc network is designed to temporarily form a network in an area where an infrastructure network does not exist or development of a network based on an infrastructure network is not easy. Initially, the ad hoc network was explored for military purposes, and lately its application is being extended to various spheres of real life, such as: B. a PAN (Personal Area Network).

The ad hoc network, which only works with connected terminals without the help of the infrastructure, has many problems, such as: B. limited battery capacity of terminals, disconnection of a network connection due to movement of terminals, security, charging, etc., and in order to solve such problems, various researches are being conducted, focusing on a MANET (Mobile Ad hoc NETwork) WG of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) focus.

Important areas of application for the mobile ad hoc network can be the construction of a temporary network for an emergency service.

Since the mobile ad hoc network does not require an infrastructure network, it can be used in an area where there is no communication infrastructure, in an area where there is no communication infrastructure, such as B. in a desert or a mountain, or in an area where the installation of the communication infrastructure is not easy. The ad hoc network can be set up temporarily for use in a rescue operation or the like.

In addition, the ad hoc mobile network can also be used in the case that information is to be quickly shared or exchanged between people in a convention hall or in an exhibition hall. Through the ad hoc network, two people can exchange an electronic name card on a small scale, and on a large scale, a quick contribution can be made between all participants in a standardization conference, or information about products in an exhibition can be disseminated, and so on.

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a special type of ad hoc network that does not have a central facility to control communications. This network consists of a group of mobile devices with limited resources such as energy and power. Therefore, it is unable to handle computationally intensive tasks. In addition, this problem is a major reason for the nodes dynamically entering and leaving the network. Due to this problem, the communication link between the nodes has been broken and thus packets forwarded between source and destination are dropped. There are various characteristics of MANETs such as dynamic network topology, resource-constrained capacity, open medium, distributed collaboration, and frequent mobility changes. On the other hand, without a communication infrastructure, attackers can launch various types of malicious behaviors across the network. Therefore, it is important to address security issues in MANET.

There are numerous reasons to develop a secure MANET model for mobile users as unauthorized mobile devices join the network to launch attacks (e.g. spoofing attacks). With routing, it is possible for black hole and gray hole attackers to drop packets. In such a situation, the trustworthiness of a node must be evaluated before data transmission. Considering the security requirements, it is now clear that security is an imperative in MANET and that the security model prevents attacker involvement.

Current wireless communications in operator networks typically consist of a cellular-based infrastructure where all mobile subscriber nodes must communicate directly with a network base station. As an alternative, wireless communication can use an ad hoc mobile network in which each mobile node can communicate with each other node, either directly or via multiple hops in the network topology. However, the existing mobile ad hoc networks sometimes operate on a single fixed frequency channel without any network infrastructure. The techniques currently in use do not provide sufficient Quality of Service (QoS) required to function in a heterogeneous broadband media environment that is both delay-sensitive (e.g., Voice over Internet Protocol, VoIP) and delay-tolerant (e.g., Internet browsing ) traffic includes offering carrier quality services. Therefore, there is a need to provide carrier-grade QoS in cellular networks.

In one solution, a cluster head of a tree-based mobile ad hoc network contains a mobile IP proxy resource for registering a received binding update request from a mobile ad hoc router within the network, for creating a first mobile IP tunnel with the mobile ad -hoc router, for sending a second binding update request to a remote home agent of the mobile ad hoc router and for initiating a second mobile IP tunnel between the cluster head and the home agent. When a packet received by the mobile ad hoc router indicates a destination determined to be reachable within the mobile ad hoc network, the use of the second mobile IP tunnel is minimized by routing the packet according to the mobile ad hoc Routing protocol in the direction of the destination is issued. If the packet cannot be reached within the mobile ad hoc network, the packet is forwarded via the second mobile IP tunnel to ensure topologically correct packet transmission.

In another solution, a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) includes a plurality of mobile nodes, each comprising a wireless transceiver and a cooperating controller, configured to operate in a geographic area using time division multiple access protocol (TDMA) and operate on the basis of a TDMA epoch with TDMA time slots, and dynamically into a plurality of mobile nodes of a first type and a plurality of mobile nodes of a second type based on a current topological density in the topological region relative to a topological density threshold such that each mobile node of the first type is assigned a periodic TDMA time slot in the TDMA epoch, and such that each mobile node of the second type competes for TDMA time slots with contention intervals in the TDMA epoch, periodically detected , when using the TDMA time slots with contention intervals , and selectively changing an acquisition rate based on a number of neighboring mobile nodes of the second type.

Therefore, in order to overcome the limitations of the above prior art, there is a need to develop a blockchain-based secure swarm intelligence routing system for mobile ad hoc networks (MANET).

The technical advance disclosed by the present invention overcomes the limitations and disadvantages of existing and conventional systems and methods.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the field of communications. More particularly, the present invention relates to a blockchain-based secure swarm intelligence routing system for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET).

A goal of the present invention is to get high QoS, energy efficient clustering and secure routing mechanism presented over distributed environment.

Another goal of the present invention is to minimize the energy consumption of each node, clustering built with Rewards Optimized interface.

Another objective of the present invention is to maximize the Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), establishing minimum hop-count-based optimal route from the source to the destination nodes.

In one embodiment, the blockchain-assisted secure swarm intelligence routing system for a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) includes a plurality of wireless communication devices connected to a plurality of monitoring nodes, the plurality of monitoring node includes a plurality of source nodes and a plurality of destination nodes deployed in a plurality of authentication and channel selection (CH) zones suitable for a large environment, each zone including a plurality of clusters among the plurality of zones; a cluster-based control unit capable of managing routing and location problems to solve communication and computational complexities, the cluster-based control unit including a clustering unit capable of dividing the network into different clusters, in each cluster from the plurality of clustering, one protection node from the plurality of protection nodes is selected as the channel and other protection nodes from the plurality of protection nodes are selected as members of the channel; and a cluster maintenance unit configured to forward packets, the cluster maintenance unit having an inter-cluster maintenance for packet forwarding and routing using multiple channels (CHs) and an intra-cluster maintenance for packet forwarding and routing within the plurality of clusters; a sensitivity-aware data encryption unit connected to the plurality of wireless communication devices and adapted to encrypt all data packets received twice from the plurality of wireless communication devices in the cluster and to detect emergency data packets; a secure priority-aware routing entity adapted to send disaster packets to the destination node among the plurality of destination nodes and also to encrypt the disaster packets according to the sensitivity level of the packets, the secure priority-aware routing entity being connected to a bit fitness optimizer is that initializes the input and evaluates a fitness value score, wherein the secure priority-aware routing unit is configured to compare the evaluated fitness value score with the pre-stored threshold fitness value score for the selection of the optimal path for examine disaster packages; a storage unit coupled to the cluster-based control unit and the secure priority-aware routing unit to store information related to a plurality of protection nodes and the partitioning of the network into different clusters and the forwarding of packets within the plurality of clusters.

In another embodiment, authentication is performed through a set of strong parameters such as ID, PWD, MAC address, biometrics (eye vein).

In another embodiment, the cluster-based controller uses a wage-optimized interface that takes into account power status, number of neighbors, mobility, and distance.

In another embodiment, wherein the channel (CH) is adapted to monitor and manage all guardian nodes during packet forwarding within the plurality of clusters.

In another embodiment, a security level of 128 bits is used for non-sensitive data packets.

In another embodiment, the Sensitivity Aware Data Encryption unit for keystream generation, encryption and decryption.

In another embodiment, the cluster-based controller minimizes the complexity and overhead of packet and control message forwarding.

In another embodiment, the bit fitness optimizer includes a first fitness swarm optimizer and a second swarm optimizer.

In another embodiment, the first fitness swarm optimizer considers the path selection based on the residual energy of the nodes and the delay.

In another embodiment, the second fitness swarm optimizer considers path selection based on the node's confidence score and link stability, where the node's confidence score is determined by the packet forwarding and receiving rate, the average forwarding delay, the control decay rate, the load, and the power consumption rate is calculated.

In order to further clarify the advantages and features of the present invention, a more detailed description of the invention will be made by reference to specific embodiments thereof illustrated in the accompanying figures. It is understood that these figures represent only typical embodiments of the invention and are therefore not intended to limit its scope are to be considered. The invention will be described and illustrated with additional specificity and detail with the accompanying figures.

character list

• 1 ein Blockdiagramm für ein blockkettengestütztes sicheres Schwarmintelligenz-Routing-System für mobile Ad-hoc-Netzwerke (MANET) zeigt; und
• 2 ein Blockdiagramm für die Funktionsweise einer sicheren prioritätsbewussten Routing-Einheit des Blockketten-unterstützten sicheren Schwarmintelligenz-Routing-Systems für mobile Ad-hoc-Netzwerke (MANET) zeigt.

These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will be better understood when the following detailed description is read with reference to the accompanying figures, in which like characters represent like parts throughout the figures, wherein:

• 1 Figure 12 shows a block diagram for a blockchain-based secure swarm intelligence routing system for mobile ad hoc networks (MANET); and
• 2 Figure 12 shows a block diagram for the operation of a secure priority-aware routing unit of the blockchain-assisted swarm intelligence secure routing system for mobile ad hoc networks (MANET).

Those skilled in the art will understand that the elements in the figures are presented for simplicity and are not necessarily drawn to scale. For example, the flowcharts illustrate the method in terms of key steps that may aid in understanding aspects of the present disclosure. In addition, one or more components of the device may be represented in the figures by conventional symbols, and the figures only show the specific details relevant to understanding the embodiments of the present disclosure, not to encircle the figures with details to overload, which are easily recognizable to those skilled in the art familiar with the present description.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to promote an understanding of the principles of the invention, reference will now be made to the embodiment illustrated in the figures and specific language will be used to describe the same. It should be understood, however, that no limitation on the scope of the invention is intended, and such alterations and further modifications to the illustrated system and such further applications of the principles of the invention illustrated therein are contemplated as would occur to one skilled in the art to which to which the invention relates would normally come to mind.

Those skilled in the art will understand that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory of the invention and are not to be taken as limiting.

When this specification refers to "an aspect," "another aspect," or the like, it means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is present in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in another embodiment," and similar phrases throughout this specification may or may not all refer to the same embodiment.

The terms "comprises," "comprises," or other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion such that a method or method that includes a list of steps includes not only those steps, but may also include other steps that are not expressly stated or pertaining to any such process or method. Likewise, any device or subsystem or element or structure or component preceded by "comprises...a" does not, without further limitation, exclude the existence of other devices or other subsystem or other element or other structure or other component or additional device or additional subsystems or additional elements or additional structures or additional components.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The system, methods, and examples given herein are intended to be illustrative only and not limiting.

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached figures.

1 10 shows a block diagram for a blockchain-assisted secure swarm intelligence routing system 100 for a mobile ad hoc network (MANET). The system 100 includes a plurality of wireless communication devices 102 connected to a plurality of guardian nodes 104, the plurality of guardian nodes including a plurality of source nodes and a plurality of destination nodes located in a plurality of authentication and channel selection (CH) zones. suitable for a large environment, each zone including a plurality of clusters among the plurality of zones.

In one embodiment, a cluster-based control unit 106 adapted to manage routing and location issues to solve communication and computational complexities, the cluster-based control unit 106 including a clustering unit 106a adapted to partition the network into different clusters, wherein in each cluster of the plurality of clusters, one protection node from the plurality of protection nodes is chosen as the channel and other protection nodes from the plurality of protection nodes are chosen as members of the channel; and a cluster maintenance unit configured to forward packets, the cluster maintenance unit 106b having an inter-cluster maintenance for packet forwarding and routing using multiple channels (CHs) and an intra-cluster maintenance for the packet forwarding and routing within the plurality of clusters.

In another embodiment, a sensitivity-aware data encryption unit 108 coupled to the plurality of wireless communication devices 102 is configured to encrypt all data packets received twice from the plurality of wireless communication devices 102 in the cluster and to detect disaster data packets ; a secure priority-aware routing entity 110 adapted to send disaster packets to the destination node among the plurality of destination nodes and also to encrypt the disaster packets according to the sensitivity level of the packets, the secure priority-aware routing entity having a bit fitness optimizer is connected, which initializes the input and evaluates a fitness value score, wherein the secure priority-aware routing unit is configured to compare the evaluated fitness value score with the pre-stored fitness value score threshold for the selection of the optimal path for disaster packages checked.

In another embodiment, a storage unit 112 is coupled to the cluster-based control unit 106 and the secure priority-aware routing unit 110 to store information relating to a plurality of protection nodes and the partitioning of the network into different clusters and the forwarding of packets within the plurality of clusters.

In another embodiment, authentication is done through a set of strong parameters such as ID, PWD, MAC address, biometrics (eye vein).

In another embodiment, the cluster-based controller 106 uses a wage-optimized interface that takes into account power status, number of neighbors, mobility, and distance.

In another embodiment, wherein the channel (CH) is adapted to monitor and manage all guard nodes during packet forwarding within the plurality of clusters.

In another embodiment, a security level of 128 bits is used for non-sensitive data packets.

In another embodiment, where the sensitivity-aware data encryption unit 108 is used for keystream generation, encryption, and decryption. The Sensitivity Aware Data Encryption Unit 108 provides fast performance for encryption and decryption operations, meaning it is 3 to 5 times faster than AES. In addition, the Sensitivity Aware Data Encryption Unit 108 mitigates the most commonly used symmetric key for differential cryptanalysis. In addition, the Sensitivity Aware Data Encryption Unit 108 does not require a look-up table every time and thus never causes a complex.

In another embodiment, the cluster-based controller 106 minimizes the complexity and overhead of forwarding packets and control messages.

2 shows a block diagram for the functioning of a secure priority-aware routing unit 200 (reference numbers 110 in ) of blockchain-backed secure swarm intelligence routing system for mobile ad hoc networks (MANET). The secure priority-aware routing entity 200 is capable of sending disaster packets to the destination node among the plurality of destination nodes and encrypting the disaster packets according to the sensitivity level of the packets, wherein the secure priority-aware routing entity 200 is equipped with a bit fitness optimizer 202 is connected, which initializes the input and evaluates a fitness value score 204, wherein the secure priority-aware routing unit 200 is configured so that the evaluated fitness value score 204 with the pre-stored threshold fitness value score for the selection of the optimal path for Disaster packages checked.

In one embodiment, the bit fitness optimizer 202 includes a first fitness swarm optimizer 202a and a second swarm optimizer 202b.

In another embodiment, the first fitness swarm optimizer 202a considers the path selection based on the residual energy of the nodes and the delay.

In another embodiment, the second fitness swarm optimizer 202b considers path selection based on the node's confidence score and link stability, where the node's confidence score is defined by the packet forwarding and receiving rate, the average forwarding delay, the control decay rate, the load and the energy consumption rate is calculated.

A secure priority-aware routing is proposed, in which disaster packets are first sent to the destination node and, depending on the sensitivity level of the packets, are encrypted over an interface with different security bits. A bi-fitness swarm optimizer is used for safe route selection, employing two swarm intelligence interfaces such as PSO and artificial swarm intelligence. Due to the local optimum issue, stable parameters are considered in the PSO while other parameters are assigned to the ASI. Method. In the first fitness swarm optimizer, the residual energy of the node and the delay are considered for path selection. In the second fitness swarm optimizer, the node confidence score and link stability are passed to the ASI method. Specifically, the node's confidence level is calculated by the packet forwarding and receiving rate, the average forwarding delay, the loss of control rate, the load, and the power consumption rate.

The Bit Fitness Optimizer is a population-based interface that initializes the input and evaluates the fitness value. The hybrid swarm intelligence supports this work well, so that the energy consumption and the bandwidth are low. In PSO, the solution obtained from each generation is called a particle. This solution is saved to get the best solution from the current best values. The fitness value obtained from the best solutions is saved for further comparisons.

This ns-3 tool is equipped with better network functionalities and supports all specifications from MANET. As the nodes vary in each network and this is where the mobile node configurations that sense the circumstances and transmit the data are deployed. The proposed blockchain-based security model is considered as a 1000m*1000m simulation environment to test various security attacks. The system configuration is shown in Table 1. The simulation parameters considered for the experiments are shown in Table 2. In the present invention, a code for forming clusters and determining routes for data transmission is registered. Reducing energy consumption is an important aspect in many MANET research works, and our work also focuses on reducing energy consumption. Table 1 System configuration Software Specifications network simulator NS3.26 OS Ubuntu 14.04 LTS hardware specifications processor Pentium Dual Core R.A.M. 2GB hard disk 60GB Table 2 Calculation parameters parameters description Simulation area 1000m*1000m number of nodes 100 and 200 with 25% of attackers Node mobility model random Node Speed (Max) 5m/s carrying capacity 2Mbps transmission range 250m number of streams 50 average 512 bytes/packet Node buffer size 64 pack (fixed) Distribution of Nodes Coincidentally type of traffic TCP, UDP and ICMP type of queue priority queue Interface type Physically wireless Duration for the packages cany ing 1s Waiting time of the neighboring nodes 0.3s propagation delay mode constant MAC type Ad Hoc Wi-fi :MAC

In another embodiment, the attack detection rate is the number of events detected as attacks in a given time. However, the attack rate is higher for both small and large networks. It is calculated using true positive values. It is defined as the sum of packets correctly classified as normal over the total number of packets forwarded. By integrating the hybrid swarm optimization interface, the attack detection rate for our proposed work is improved and calculated for a different number of malicious nodes. The present invention primarily focuses on the detection and mitigation of routing attacks, i.e. black hole, gray hole and spoofing attacks. First, packets are encrypted based on priority level. The packet header indicates the sensitivity level of the packet, which is then encrypted and transmitted in a secure and optimal way. After the packet transmission is complete, the attacker's presence is detected on the network prior to transmission.

In another embodiment, the false positive rate is an event-based metric that must represent the accurate prediction by the proposed methods. If malicious activity is not identified, the model can be expected to return normal packet patterns as a negative result. The goal of the false positive rate is to reduce misclassification by using the packet header information. To increase the false positive rate, the number of features is used as input.

In another embodiment, in MANET, the mobility of the nodes and the network topology are the most important parameters affecting the performance of the latency. The present invention calculates the end-to-end delay in terms of the number of malicious nodes. However, a secure route established between source and destination must consist of minimal hops to reduce end-to-end delay and packet repetition must also be minimized to avoid end-to-end delay . In particular, the end-to-end delay is very small for disaster packets, which are sent first before the normal packets are delivered. If the packets are normal, they are combined into a single packet and then the interface is used for encryption. Finally, the packets are transmitted over secure connections.

In another embodiment, the Packet Delivery Ratio is called PDR for short, which is calculated between the total amount of packets sent by the sender and the sum of the packets received by the receiver. Due to malicious nodes and node mobility, the existing multipath method does not increase the PDR but only leads to high packet losses. The present invention supports safe route selection through a bi-fitness optimizer that improves fitness through individual parameter tuning. As the percentage of malicious nodes increases, the PDR rate increases gradually. Since the percentage improvement from malicious nodes does not affect our proposed work. The blockchain environment achieves higher security strength and hence a PDR analysis is concluded from the blockchain performance. With the increase in the number of zones for mobile communication, the PDR is gradually increasing. For example, 2% of malicious nodes generate 95% of the PDR for the multipath model, 96% for E2SR, and 98% for the proposed work. In insecure environments, monitoring the mobility of legitimate mobile nodes is an important factor. Studying node mobility increases path and link stability. This often leads to an indirect result, ie a high packet delivery rate. shows the performance of the PDR in terms of node mobility.

In another embodiment, the power consumption is a QoS-based metric that determines the difference between the node's initial power and the remaining power after power consumption for packet transmission or other operations in the network. However, energy is consumed for various processes such as B. for packet transmission, route request, receiving response messages and waiting for sleep after packet acknowledgement. The figure shows the energy consumption depending on the number of malicious nodes. From the graphical analysis, it can be seen that the proposed blockchain model consumes less energy compared to E2SR and the multi-path model. In particular, the proposed work received 5J for 2 malicious nodes.

In another embodiment, the exact throughput for the proposed and existing works is calculated. However, throughput is affected by the number of nodes, network communication links, and buffer size. For example, if a link is congested, throughput will be lower. Packet transmission via the optimal route refers to the high throughput where the packets flow error-free. After the simulation analysis of the throughput in relation to the number of malicious nodes, it is proved that the proposed blockchain model achieves a higher throughput than the previous works like Multi-Path and E2SR.

In another embodiment, the metric is defined as the ratio between the sums of packets generated for route selection and the sum of packets transmitted. However, routing overhead refers to the amount of routing packets that are forwarded in discovering and maintaining the route. The forwarding of these control messages introduces routing overhead. The active route is determined by control messages to the neighboring nodes. In a low-mobility environment, the routing overhead is lower, but control messages are often forwarded in highly dynamic networks. Another reason for high routing overhead is the size of the packet header transmitted over a link. The figure shows the performance of the routing overhead ratio for the number of malicious nodes. The result shows that the proposed model has low routing overhead due to link stability monitoring. In addition, the chosen route transmits the packets in a reliable manner. The network topology is controlled by the CH, which reduces the sum of the routing packets transmitted. For example, if the number of malicious nodes is 2, the routing overhead of the proposed model is 0.85, while previous work found 0.95 and 0.99 for E2SR and multi-path, respectively.

In another embodiment, the security strength is a positive metric that measures the level of security in the transmission of data packets. The effectiveness of the security mechanisms is a support to improve the security strength.

In another embodiment, an optimal path is chosen between the source and the destination node that does not involve any complexity. Hybrid swarm intelligence supports this work well, so the energy consumption and bandwidth are low. Trust calculations and management play an attractive and important role in predicting routing attacks (black hole, gray hole and flooding) since malicious nodes are primarily detected through trust calculations. Therefore, in this work, a decentralized trusted environment is designed that sets trust values in a serious way. This work finds good routing attacks like black and gray holes by using blockchain technology, providing trust through different credentials such as packet forwarding rate, average forwarding delay, load, control drop rate, and power consumption rate.

In another embodiment, a bi-fitness optimizer for secure cluster-based routing in MANET is proposed. In order to ensure secure communication between mobile nodes, a blockchain technology is presented in the present invention. All communications are forwarded to the blocks and hash values for each transaction are generated. First, the mobile nodes are authenticated based on multiple factors such as ID, pwd, PUF, and eye vein. Hash patterns are generated via an interface to mitigate man-in-the-middle attacks. Then clusters are formed using the reward-optimized interface. In this step, the frequent formation of clusters is avoided by learning environments. The secure route is established using a hybrid swarm intelligence interface that determines two fitness functions to achieve the various goals such as low power consumption, low packet transmission rate, high throughput and stability.

In addition, blockchain-based zone-by-zone trust scores are calculated and stored in a block whose purpose is to ensure data integrity. In order to hide the data packets, the present invention proposes a fast and lightweight symmetric interface that encrypts both sensitive and non-sensitive packets before transmission. Finally, the simulation is performed to improve MANET's QoS in terms of attack detection rate, false positive rate, end-to-end delay, packet delivery rate, throughput, routing overhead, and security strength.

The figures and the preceding description give examples of embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that one or more of the elements described may well be combined into a single functional element. Alternatively, certain elements can be broken down into multiple functional elements. Elements from one embodiment may be added to another embodiment. For example, the order of the processes described herein may be changed and is not limited to the manner described herein. Additionally, the actions of a flowchart need not be performed in the order shown; Also, not all actions have to be carried out. Also, those actions that are not dependent on other actions can be performed in parallel with the other actions. The scope of the embodiments is in no way limited by these specific examples. Numerous variations are possible, regardless of whether they are explicitly mentioned in the description or not, e.g. B. Differences in structure, dimensions and use of materials. The scope of the embodiments is at least as broad as indicated in the following claims.

Advantages, other benefits, and solutions to problems have been described above with respect to particular embodiments. However, the advantages, benefits, problem solutions, and components that can cause an advantage, benefit, or solution to occur or become more pronounced are not to be construed as a critical, required, or essential feature or component of any or all claims.

Reference List

100

Blockchain powered secure swarm intelligence routing system

102

A variety of wireless communication devices

104

A variety of monitoring nodes

106

Cluster-based control unit

106a

Unit for forming clusters

106b

Cluster maintenance unit

108

Sensitivity-aware data encryption unit

110

Secure priority-aware routing entity

112

storage unit

200

a secure priority-aware routing entity

202

Bit fitness optimizer

202a

First fitness swarm optimizer

202b

Second fitness swarm optimizer

204

Fitness Value Rating

Claims (10)

. A blockchain-backed secure swarm intelligence routing system for a mobile ad hoc network (MANET), the system comprising: a plurality of wireless communication devices connected to a plurality of guardian nodes, the plurality of guardian nodes including a plurality of source nodes and a plurality of destination nodes deployed in a plurality of authentication and channel selection (CH) zones serving for a large environment, each zone among the plurality of zones including a plurality of clusters; a cluster-based control unit capable of managing route and location issues to resolve communication and computational complexities, the cluster-based control unit comprising: a clustering unit adapted to divide the network into different clusters, wherein in each cluster among the plurality of clusters one protection node among the plurality of protection nodes is chosen as the channel and other protection nodes among the plurality of protection nodes are chosen as members of the channel; and a cluster maintenance unit configured to forward packets, the cluster maintenance unit having an inter-cluster maintenance for packet forwarding and routing using multiple channels (CHs) and an intra-cluster maintenance for packet forwarding and routing within the plurality of clusters includes; an encryption unit connected to the plurality of wireless communication devices, adapted to encrypt all data packets received twice from the plurality of wireless communication devices in the cluster and to detect disaster data packets; a secure priority-aware routing entity adapted to send disaster packets to the destination node among the plurality of destination nodes and also to encrypt the disaster packets according to the sensitivity level of the packets, the secure priority-aware routing entity being connected to a bit fitness optimizer is that initializes the input and evaluates a fitness value score, wherein the secure priority-aware routing unit is configured to compare the evaluated fitness value score with the pre-stored threshold fitness value score for the selection of the optimal Disaster packages path checked. The system after claim 1 , where authentication is performed through a set of strong parameters such as ID, PWD, MAC address and biometrics (eye vein). system after claim 1 , where the cluster-based control unit uses a reward-optimized interface that takes into account energy status, number of neighbors, mobility and distance. system after claim 1 , where the channel (CH) is designed to monitor and manage all guard nodes during packet forwarding within the plurality of clusters. system after claim 1 , where a security level of 128 bits is applied for non-sensitive data packets. system after claim 1 , further comprising a sensitivity-aware data encryption unit for generating, encrypting and decrypting key streams. system after claim 1 , where the cluster-based control unit minimizes the complexity and overhead of forwarding packets and control messages. system after claim 1 , wherein the bit fitness optimizer comprises a first fitness swarm optimizer and a second swarm optimizer. system after claim 8 , where the first fitness swarm optimizer considers path selection based on the residual energy of the nodes and the delay. The system after claim 8 , where the second fitness swarm optimizer considers path selection based on node confidence score and link stability, where node confidence score is calculated by packet forwarding and receiving rate, average forwarding delay, control drop rate, load and power consumption rate .

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