DE202021101599U1 - 9-speed multi-clutch transmission as a winding transmission with a reduced number of gears, especially on the two countershafts - Google Patents

Abstract

multi-clutch transmission (1, 101),
in particular dual clutch transmissions,
preferably a motor vehicle (1000) such as a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine (1010) as the drive unit,
with at least one first clutch (3, 103) and one second clutch (5, 105) and with at least one wheel set pair (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Z6, Z7, ZR),
in particular a first wheel set pair A1/A2 (Z1),
and with a second wheel set pair, in particular a wheel set pair B1/B2 (Z2),
wherein the pairs of wheels (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Z6, Z7, ZR), in particular the pairs of wheels A1/A2 (Z1) and B1/B2 (Z2), have different transmission ratios (i) or reduction ratios in comparison with one another ,
and wherein in a gear position of the multi-clutch transmission (1) at least one of the two wheel set pairs (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Z6, Z7, ZR), in particular the wheel set pairs A1/A2 (Z1), B1/B2 (Z2), is part of a power flow path (25, 125, 27, 127),
in which the multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) is connected as a winding transmission (1, 101, 81, 81 ^I , 181, 181 ^I ),
characterized in that
the multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) is a 9-speed transmission,
in which an output gear (83, 183), in particular in the form of an output constant, is part of a gear pair (Z6) for forming at least one gear (VII, IX), the output gear (83, 183) preferably being part of a sixth gear pair (Z6) for a seventh grade (VII) and/or a ninth grade (IX).

Description

The present invention relates to a multi-clutch transmission such. B. a dual-clutch transmission that realizes at least some of the gears of the multiple or dual-clutch transmission in the form of a winding transmission. Such dual clutch transmissions can be installed as transmissions in motor vehicles, in particular with an internal combustion engine as the drive unit. Consequently, the present invention relates to a multi-clutch transmission according to the preamble of claim 1.

Multi-clutch transmissions such as B. dual-clutch transmission, are characterized by some advantages compared to drive trains, in which only a single separating clutch between the drive motor and transmission is arranged. Multi-clutch transmissions can B. without load power interruption a change from one gear to the next gear, ie in a higher or in a lower gear, handle. Also, having multiple clutches contributes to better fuel efficiency in internal combustion engines. In addition, numerous other advantages of double clutch transmissions are described in the literature. However, the advantages are at least partially offset by the fact that a double clutch transmission is larger, more complex and often heavier than a transmission equipped with just one clutch, not least because of its two sub-transmissions.

By designing a dual clutch transmission as a winding transmission, repeated attempts are made to reduce some of the disadvantages of a dual clutch transmission in comparison with a single clutch transmission.

State of the art

The subject of "winding gears" has been repeatedly discussed not only in technical books but also in the patent literature in the past, with the buzzword "winding gears" describing similar but not necessarily identical issues.

the DE 10 2006 054 281 A1 (Applicant: ZF Friedrichshafen AG, filing date: November 17, 2006, publication date: June 12, 2008) presents the possibility of realizing a double-clutch winding transmission by means of two sub-transmissions arranged one behind the other, each with at least four forward gears. The document attempts to present transmissions with two sub-transmissions which, if possible, have only two shifting elements in a closed state for each gear engaged, while the other shifting elements remain open. The gearbox presented as a basic modular system consists of a main shaft, a countershaft and an output shaft. Four different power flows are presented for each of the two sub-transmissions, each of which is constructed with three wheel sets. Although the transmission is described as a winding transmission, the wheel sets act like two sequentially arranged 4-speed partial transmissions. The degree of compactness is inherently limited by the design approach of sequentially switching sub-transmissions one behind the other.

the EP 2 087 257 B1 (Applicant: ZF Friedrichshafen AG, priority date: November 17th, 2006, patent grant date: January 19th, 2011), the subject matter of which is also due to their application as WO 2008/058858 A1 has been published, is based in numerous embodiments on the dual clutch winding gears DE 10 2006 054 281 A1 . In the EP 2 087 257 B1 A distinction is made between the input and output side partial transmissions. The illustrated variants of this concept of a double clutch transmission follow - like their previous German application - the separation of the individual transmissions into two sub-transmissions, which are arranged one after the other.

the DE 10 2010 008 101 A1 (Applicant: Dr. Ing. hc F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft, filing date: February 15, 2010, publication date: August 18, 2011) is dedicated to the subject of making nine different forward gears from six gears with partial winding guidance of the power flow.

the DE 10 2010 007 639 A1 (Applicant: Dr. Ing. hc F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft, filing date: February 5th, 2010, publication date: August 11th, 2011) shows a further increase in relation to the possible number of feasible gears compared to the DE 10 2010 008 101 A1 , how it should be possible to make a total of ten different gears out of six gears by partially winding guides with the involvement of a countershaft by using two hollow shafts, which lie on a solid shaft as the main shaft.

The description of DE 10 2017 102 943 A1 (Applicant: Getrag BV & Co KG; Date of publication: August 16, 2018) deals with a hybrid drive train in which a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine is routed to a double clutch arrangement. An electric machine should be connected to one of the input shafts.

The description of DE 10 2010 030 264 A1 (Applicant: ZF Friedrichshafen AG, filing date: June 18, 2010, publication date: December 22, 2011) deals with a commercial vehicle drives, which includes three single synchronizations and three double synchronizations. The embodiments decline variations of the arrangement of these three single syncs and three double syncs. Different numbers of gear shifting elements are to be engaged and disengaged for the gears to be engaged. In commercial vehicles, the synchronization of rotating bodies such as gears and shafts may be of secondary importance, otherwise the goal of optimal synchronization of sometimes five wheel couplings represents a considerable (computing) effort.

With the content of DE 10 2010 055 645 A1 (Applicant: Volkswagen AG, filing date: December 22, 2010, date of publication: June 28, 2012) is a winding gear with winding gears whose power flow flows over at least three or even four shafts. Gears one and eight are to be implemented as winding gears. In this case, different gear stages are used to realize the first gear than to realize the eighth gear. In order to implement the reverse gear, other gear stages are sometimes required. A gearbox acc. DE 10 2010 055 645 A1 should primarily be designed in such a way that it is suitable for front/transverse installation.

the DE 10 2011 006 004 A1 (Applicant: ZF Friedrichshafen AG, filing date: March 24, 2011, publication date: September 27, 2012) shows a dual clutch transmission and a synchronization method for the corresponding dual clutch transmission. The focus of DE 10 2011 006 004 A1 is in the area of heavy commercial vehicles. The output shaft should be arranged coaxially to the two drive shafts. The gears of the gear steps lead over several pairs of gear wheels in each gear. In some cases, the flow of power leads several times over a pair of shafts, so the transmission is designed as a winding transmission or as a transmission with winding gears. The publication itself defines the term "winding gear" as a gear in which the power flow of one or more gears runs alternately over several gear wheel levels between a main shaft arrangement and a parallel countershaft arrangement. In order to avoid synchronization, the publication proposes carrying out a speed adjustment when engaging a further gear by controlling the input friction clutches and by controlling the speed of a drive motor. This suggests a complicated sensor system or a correspondingly complicated control algorithm. In a transmission acc DE 10 2011 006 004 A1 switching synchronization should therefore be avoided. In order to be able to form nine forward gears and one reverse gear from six pairs of gears for forward gears and one pair of gears for a reverse gear, the publication shows that gears 1, 2 and 4 and the reverse gear are to be designed as winding gears.

the DE 10 2011 076 382 A1 (Applicant: ZF Friedrichshafen AG, filing date: May 24, 2011, publication date: November 29, 2012) relates to a dual clutch transmission with two input shafts arranged coaxially to one another and with at least one countershaft with different wheel sets. There are in a circuit after the DE 10 2011 076 382 A1 two winding gears provided, one forward and one reverse winding gear each. In the winding gears, a power flow leads over four wheel planes and twice over the countershaft. The aspect of wanting to build a dual-clutch transmission as cheaply as possible leads to the DE 10 2011 076 382 A1 to design the lowest gear in the forward and reverse direction as a winding gear. I.e. the ones in the DE 10 2011 076 382 A1 Proposed design of the transmission results in winding gears at the lowest gears. the DE 10 2011 076 386 A1 (Applicant: ZF Friedrichshafen AG, filing date: May 24, 2011, publication date: November 29, 2012) should be sorted into the same category of transmission descriptions.

As a further development of DE 10 2011 076 382 A1 maybe she can DE 10 2011 076 381 A1 (Applicant: ZF Friedrichshafen AG, filing date: May 24, 2011, publication date: November 29, 2012) which offers more than two reverse gears.

The gear designs according to the DE 10 2011 076 381 A1 , after DE 10 2011 076 386 A1 and after DE 10 2011 076 382 A1 are tailored to the commercial vehicle sector, with their special features such as crawler gear and overdrive gear and the focus on the robustness of the transmission with subsequent ranking of comfort aspects of the drive train.

A particularly interesting design of a multi-clutch transmission with two winding gears is in the DE 20 2014 104 722 U1 (Owner: hofer forschungs- und entwicklungs GmbH; date of entry: 07.01.2016). In the presented eight-speed gearbox, the idler gears for gears IV, VI, V and VII are arranged on one countershaft, while the idler gears for gears II and III as well as an idler gear for a reverse gear are on the other countershaft. The utility model specification explains numerous fundamental aspects of a multi-clutch winding transmission suitable for many applications, in particular a double-clutch winding transmission.

genus

As can be seen from the different designs of the gears, the understanding of the experts varies slightly as to what is actually to be understood by the term "winding gear". However, it can be deduced from the publications that gears are to be referred to as winding gears in which a power flow from a shaft arrangement, z. B. two coaxial shafts comprehensive, is led away to then from another shaft back to the first shaft assembly, but via another transition element, such as. B. another gear to get back. Other publications use the term "winding gear" to describe the use of two pairs of gears in the power flow. The term "winding gear" is also understood to mean the change from a first shaft to a second shaft and back to a shaft that is aligned with the first shaft so that a transmission path is formed, e.g. B. the multiple change between a (possibly multi-part designed) main shaft and a (possibly multi-part designed) auxiliary or countershaft. Other references refer to gears as winding gears when there is a change in the direction of power flow from and to a shaft.

In other words, it could be deduced from all the literature references cited that spiral gears are gears in which there is not a dedicated (spur) gear pair for each individual gear step, which only meshes in terms of force and/or power if the one assigned exactly to this step , i.e. only gear of the transmission should be engaged. The term “winding gear” can also be understood to mean a gear in which a gear stage is used in the power flow of a number of shift positions or in the case of a number of gears.

Irrespective of which aspect of a transmission - whatever - the professional world attaches the term "winding gear" to, the publications and illustrations cited above in the "Prior Art" section with regard to the definition of "winding gear" and the previously offered definitions. The present teaching builds on the previously presented understanding of winding gears. The earlier understandings of "winding drives" are considered to be incorporated into the present property right with the naming of the respective publication.

According to one aspect, it can be stated that a winding transmission is a transmission in which, in at least one gear position, a power flow can be guided over a number of wheel sets. To a certain extent, the path of the power flow describes at least one turn.

task

As can be seen from the amount of patent literature, there is obviously still a search for solutions for structurally simple multi-clutch transmissions. Ideally, a large number of different gears can be realized with a smaller number of wheel sets. Although there are fewer pairs of gear sets than there are gear steps, it should be possible to select a gear of the transmission from at least a higher, single-digit number of gears. Here it is worthwhile to know a construction as to how a compact double-clutch transmission can be realized that has both gears with small transmission ratios (e.g. with i less than 1) and gears with comparatively large transmission ratios (e.g. with i can be greater than 1), in other words, a favorable gear spread is another condition to be considered when designing a motor vehicle transmission.

invention description

The object according to the invention is achieved by a multi-clutch transmission according to claim 1. Advantageous developments can be found in the dependent claims.

The multi-clutch transmission according to the invention can advantageously be used in a motor vehicle that can be driven by an internal combustion engine. In one embodiment, the multi-clutch transmission is therefore suitable for motor vehicles that are equipped with diesel or gasoline engines. The internal combustion engine drives a drive shaft. In addition, at least one electric motor can also be provided. In another configuration, the transmission can also be used as a transmission for a hybrid drive train.

The multi-clutch transmission has at least one first clutch and at least one second clutch. If it has two clutches, the multi-clutch transmission can also be referred to as a dual-clutch transmission. First of all, it can be stated that components can be referred to as a clutch, via which a drive or an output power can be guided into or out of the transmission. The components that allow power to flow into or out of the transmission between the engine and transmission or between the transmission and an output shaft are called a clutch. Of course, other clutches can also be provided in the drive train. As clutches can All types of clutches, in particular wet and dry clutches such as friction clutches, multi-plate clutches, claw clutches, can be provided. Wet-running friction clutches are often installed in automobiles.

The transmission according to the invention has several gears. The gears provide different transmission ratios between the input shaft and the output shaft. At least one wheel set pair is assigned to a gear. A wheel set comprises at least two gears which, when present as a pair of spur gears, mesh with one another. A first gear and a second gear meshingly working together form a first pair of gears. The transmission ratio of the wheel set pair can be determined by the diameter of the first gear wheel and the diameter of the second gear wheel. The first pair of wheels defines a gear. A second pair of wheelsets is provided in the transmission. The second pair of wheels has a third and a fourth gear. In particular, further pairs of wheelsets such as a third, fourth, fifth, sixth and a seventh pair of wheelset with further gears can be present in the transmission. These pairs of wheels represent further gear steps. A wheel set can also be provided which is specifically intended for the power flow of a reverse gear.

For easier assignment, the wheel set pairs can also be described by their number of teeth. A1 stands for a first number of teeth. A2 stands for a second number of teeth. The designation pair A1 and A2 belongs to a pair of wheelsets. The designation pair B1 and B2 belongs to a pair of wheelsets. If the first pair of wheels is referred to as a pair of wheels with teeth A1 and A2, the second pair of wheels can be referred to as a pair of wheels with teeth B1 and B2 as the other pair of wheels.

Of the numerous pairs of gears that are part of the transmission, the first pair of gears has a larger gear ratio than the second pair of gears. If the quotient is formed from input speed and output speed, this ratio, which can also be abbreviated with the letter "i", is greater for the first pair of wheelsets than for the second pair of wheelsets. The numerical value i is higher for the first pair of wheelsets than for the second pair of wheelsets. It is particularly advantageous if the gear ratio of the second gear set is less than 1. One could also say that the second wheel set has a reduction ratio. The second pair of wheels translates into the fast, i. H. the wheel set has a slower input rotational speed than its output rotational speed or its output rotational speed.

In the multi-clutch transmission, torque is transmitted from an input to an output along a power flow path. The torque can be transmitted via a plurality of shafts, in particular one or more drive shafts, one or more output shafts and countershafts connected in between, e.g. B. a first countershaft and a second countershaft take place. The shafts are ideally arranged to run parallel to one another. If spur gears are installed, the torques are translated between the shafts by means of different pairs of gears made of gears with different size ratios for the gears that can be assigned to the respective pairs of gears.

According to an interesting aspect of the present invention, a gear position is provided in the multi-clutch transmission in which torque is passed from the first pair of wheels via the second pair of wheels. The power flow thus runs from the drive shaft at least via the first pair of wheels, another shaft and the second pair of wheels back to a shaft that is in the (extended) space of the drive shaft. From there, the power flow can be transferred to the output shaft. This gear position can be referred to as the first winding gear. The first winding turn represents a turn operating in a winding operation, i. H. over several pairs of wheels, conveys a power flow. The first wheel set pair can therefore also be referred to as the first winding wheel set pair. Accordingly, or in the same sense, the second pair of wheelsets can be referred to as the second pair of winding wheelsets.

In addition, another gear position is advantageously provided in the transmission, in which a torque is passed from the second pair of winding gears via the first pair of winding gears. This gear position can be referred to as the second winding gear. The second winding gear is also a gear in which the multi-clutch transmission operates in the winding mode. The direction of the power flow in the second winding turn is opposite to the direction of the power flow in the first winding turn, at least in relation to or along an auxiliary shaft. The power flow is thus performed in the second winding gear in the reverse order compared to the first winding gear through the winding wheel sets in the transmission.

The double use, so to speak, of two pairs of wheel sets with optional or circuit-wise rotation of the direction of power flow makes it possible to be compact, and in particular to have little installation space demanding to design a dual clutch transmission. The two stages allow a gradual adjustment from the input speed to the output speed. The gradations in the speeds of the individual stages can be better coordinated.

It is thus possible to implement a transmission that offers 9 gears. In this case it is a 9-speed gearbox.

A 9-speed gearbox can be designed to be particularly balanced if the position of the gears is taken into account.

It is advantageous if the output gear is not only used as an output constant (in the sense of a "final drive"), but the output gear is also part of a gear pair to form at least one gear. This eliminates the need for a separate output gear. One of the gears of the pair of gears, by which a gear ratio can be formed, is at the same time a driven gear for this gear ratio, but also for at least one further gear ratio or another pair of gears.

The output gear can z. B. be part of a sixth gear pair. At the same time, however, it can also be available for a seventh gear and/or a ninth gear and possibly also be part of such a gear.

Advantageous refinements and developments are presented below which, viewed individually, both individually and in combination, can also reveal inventive, but at least advantageous, aspects.

It is thus possible to place both a seventh and/or an eighth gear and a ninth gear immediately next to a first bearing by placing gears. The gears for the seventh or eighth gear on one side and for the ninth gear on the other side are in close proximity to the first bearing.

The central shaft is supported by two bearings in such a way that the gears, in particular the fixed wheels, are located on the central shaft or the central shaft between the two bearings.

A first, a second and a fourth gear ratio can be arranged adjacent to a second of the two bearings of the central shaft. In an alternative embodiment, however, a sixth and an eighth gear can also be located directly next to the bearing.

The two bearings laterally limit the area in which the gears for the gears are located.

The translations of the individual wheel sets can be designed geometrically graded. The gradations of two stages on top of each other can be designed in such a way that a pair of wheelsets can be used for different gears, gear selections or gear stages. The gradation of the pairs of wheels relative to one another, that is to say the transmission ratios of all pairs of wheelsets, can follow a geometric series or be based on this (in the mathematical sense). In this case it is possible to use a wheel set that has a certain gear ratio for a (certain) gear, such as e.g. B. fifth gear or such. B. third gear, also in connection with the power flow over the wheel set for another gear, z. B. deviating from the fifth gear gear or z. B. from the third gear deviating gear to use.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the translation of the first spiral gear set pair or its transmission ratio is part of the power flow path with the highest translation in the multi-clutch transmission. In particular, in a shift position or power flow variant through the transmission, it can be said that the translation is part of a lowest gear. The translation or the gear pair can be a part or a component of a first gear. The lowest gear is a gear in which the greatest possible torque is transmitted to the output shaft, but the internal combustion engine (or the internal combustion engine) has to perform many piston movements so that a given distance can be covered at the output wheel of the motor vehicle. For the same distance, when the first gear is engaged, the internal combustion engine has to work in an increased speed range or in a longer work phase or covering more work movements—compared to a higher gear.

It is also advantageous if the second winding gear set with its translation, particularly in a specific gear configuration or shift configuration of the transmission, is part of one of the lowest translations, particularly part of the lowest or part of the second-lowest translation, in the multi-clutch transmission. The translation of the second winding gear pair is also part of one of the highest gears, e.g. B. a second highest gear or z. B. the highest gear. Depending on the design of the transmission, the gear pair, which may be referred to as the second winding gear pair, may be part of a seventh, eighth, or even higher gear such as a ninth or be tenth gear. The transmission thus offers both a spread that makes sense for a motor vehicle and multiple use of a wheel set pair for different gears in at least two shift positions of the transmission.

In a particularly sophisticated configuration of the transmission ratios, a power flow can be guided via pairs of gear wheels in such a way that both one and the other pair of wheel sets, in other words, simultaneously, it can also be said in the same switching state, to produce or form a gear is being used. The power flow runs over one wheel set and then over the other wheel set. Both pairs of wheel sets can represent components of the winding path. The two wheel sets can therefore be referred to as spiral wheel sets. Only then is the power flow diverted. A power flow between the pairs of wheels can be produced or can be produced by a bridging synchronization.

What has been said above results in a multiple use not only of gears, but of entire wheel sets, which contributes to the compactness of the multi-clutch transmission, in particular the double clutch transmission.

The winding gear is advantageously equipped with at least two countershafts. In such a design, the winding gear can also be referred to as a parallel shaft gear or also as a multi-shaft countershaft gear. The countershafts are preferably arranged parallel to the mainshaft.

The winding transmission or the double-clutch transmission can be designed in such a way that at least one loose wheel sits on the first countershaft. In addition, a loose wheel can be arranged on the second countershaft. At least one loose wheel is present on each of the two countershafts. In such a configuration, the loose wheel, which is part of the seventh gear stage, can be arranged on the first countershaft. A loose wheel, which is part of the eighth gear stage, can be located on the second countershaft.

A loose wheel for the sixth gear stage and a loose wheel for the eighth gear stage can be in a meshing connection with the same fixed wheel. The fixed wheel can B. be mounted on the outer drive shaft. The fixed gear meshes with both the idler gear for the seventh gear stage and the idler gear for the eighth gear stage.

In such an embodiment, the loose wheel for the seventh gear stage can also be part of the ninth gear stage.

In an advantageous development, in a specific configuration, when a specific gear is engaged, the winding transmission has a power flow via at least one gear wheel on a first countershaft and via at least one gear wheel on a second countershaft before the power flow is diverted from the multi-clutch transmission. In this context, both idler gears and fixed gears on a shaft are considered to be gears on that shaft. Of course, it is structurally possible to assign either only fixed gears or only idler gears to a specific shaft. In terms of design, however, the design approach of lining up both fixed gears and idler gears along a shaft represents a greater degree of freedom. The transmission can be represented in relation to its torque curve, alternatively in relation to its power flow. A torque can therefore be transmitted from a drive shaft to a gear wheel, which is arranged on the first countershaft, and from there, either indirectly or even directly, to a gear wheel of the second countershaft. The torque is only transmitted from the second countershaft - later on - to an output shaft. A countershaft is a shaft to which a power flow can be transmitted from another shaft or from another shaft. The power flow can be transferred from the countershaft back to one of the output shafts. In other words, torque is routed through the gearbox in a snaking fashion. It can also be said that the power flow is wound through the gearbox. Due to the fact that gears can be arranged side by side in different planes due to the second countershaft, there is an additional possibility of constructing the transmission in a very compact manner.

Multi-clutch transmissions, in particular double-clutch transmissions, can be divided into several sub-transmissions. Several sub-transmissions form the multi-clutch transmission. The partial transmissions can also be referred to as group transmissions. In other words, the multi-clutch transmission can also be referred to as a multi-group transmission. At least two sub-transmissions can be identified, particularly in dual-clutch transmissions. The number of identifiable partial transmissions corresponds at least to the number of power flow input clutches. Not least for kinematic considerations, it can be advantageous if the first pair of winding gears belongs to a first partial transmission of the multi-clutch transmission and the second pair of winding gears belongs to a second partial transmission of the multi-clutch transmission. The two winding wheel sets are therefore assigned to different sub-transmissions. Each of the at least two clutches couples a partial transmission assigned to it. According to another criterion, the sub-transmissions are determined based on their main shaft or input shaft. All gears on the input side are driven by one main shaft are assigned to one sub-transmission. All gears that are driven on the input side by the other main shaft are assigned to the other sub-transmission. In a double clutch transmission z. B. gears with an even ordinal number can be assigned to a sub-transmission. In this case, gears with an odd number are assigned to the other sub-transmission. In the case of transmissions with more than two clutches, there can also be a different assignment of the gears to the individual sub-transmissions. The assignment of the winding gear set pairs, i.e. the assignment of gears that can be used for gears with winding gear shifting, to different sub-transmissions allows the power flow to be routed from the main shaft, whose clutch is in the closed state, possibly via individual gears and in this case subsequently , via the main shaft, the clutch of which is in the open state. The assignment of the winding wheel sets to different sub-transmissions also contributes to the more compact structure of the transmission.

If a power flow connection is to be established between the two winding wheel sets, e.g. B. to engage a first or to engage a ninth gear, it is advantageous to avoid wear that both winding wheel sets must first undergo a synchronization process in their rotational movement, in particular a synchronization process that must be overcome, before a positive or non-positive connection, e.g. B. the idler gears of the winding wheel sets, which are arranged on two different countershafts, can be produced. As a result of the synchronization, both pairs of winding gear sets are adjusted in terms of their rotational speed. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the rotational speed between the first winding wheel set pair and the second winding wheel set pair is adjusted by means of a bridging synchronization that can be moved by means of a sliding sleeve. The bridging synchronization forms a mechanical coupling between a gear wheel of a pair of winding gear sets and a gear wheel of the other pair of winding wheel sets. For example, the rotational speeds of the pairs of winding gear sets involved can be adjusted to one another by means of cone synchronization. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the power flow connection is formed by a mechanical coupling after a switching position has been assumed. By using a bridging synchronization even remotely arranged wheel sets can be used to form a winding path by z. B. whose waves are coupled. This allows a degree of creative freedom for the designer, which has a positive effect on the degree of compactness of the double clutch or multi-clutch transmission.

A clutch arrangement in which the first clutch is a power flow input clutch is believed to be advantageous. That is to say, the first clutch can allow a torque to be introduced via the drive shaft of the transmission (engaged state) or, in a disengaged state, separate a power flow into the drive shaft. If there is no flow of power or power via the drive shaft in the multi-clutch transmission, the entire sub-transmission can be shut down as a result. A particularly preferred embodiment is the arrangement of the first clutch as an outer clutch. In such an arrangement, the outer clutch can cooperate with a hollow shaft as the main shaft. The clutch therefore acts on a shaft that is hollowed out inside. A shaft can be referred to as a hollow shaft, the casing material of which is only present at a distance from a central axis of a concentrically arranged shaft arrangement.

Like the first clutch, the second clutch is advantageously a power flow input clutch. The second clutch may be an inner clutch with respect to the first clutch. In the engaged state, the second clutch can create a power flow connection with a shaft. The shaft can be designed as a solid shaft. A low-mass design that is favorable for energy efficiency is when the shaft is a hollow shaft, in particular an inner hollow shaft, which, for B. has a central axial, preferably cylindrical channel. A coolant and lubricant can be introduced into the hollow shaft. In the configuration of the shaft arrangement of two main shafts as a solid shaft and a hollow shaft, the solid shaft can be arranged coaxially inside the hollow, in particular the first, drive shaft. With good stability, it is advantageous to provide a hollow shaft, preferably coaxial, inside the hollow drive shaft. The input shaft is designed as a double shaft. The arrangement of the first clutch on a hollow shaft and the second clutch on a solid shaft or on a hollow shaft, at least on a shaft that lies inside the first hollow shaft, is particularly advantageous for a compact structure of the transmission according to the invention. By nesting the main shafts in one another, the same number of clutches of a multi-clutch transmission can be implemented in accordance with the number of shafts nested in one another, and this in an extremely compact manner.

The wheel set pairs, which can be coupled by a clutch, become a sub-transmission, as already mentioned in an advantageous manner summarized. All pairs of wheelsets that can be controlled via a clutch form an (internal) sub-transmission with the clutch assigned to them and other elements such as synchronization devices. In particular, the hollow shaft is assigned to one of the sub-transmissions, and the solid shaft to the other sub-transmission. The division of the transmission into different sub-transmissions also contributes to the compact design of the multiple clutch transmission.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the drive shafts are designed as main shafts of a spur gear change-speed gearbox. Torque is thus transmitted by means of gears designed as spur gears. A spur gear is a gear wheel arranged on a cylindrical disk, which has teeth on an outside. The spur gear meshes with a mating gear, which is also an externally toothed gear wheel arranged on a cylinder disk. With this arrangement, a torque, translated in a simple manner, from the driving shaft, z. B. the main shaft, are transmitted to the first or second countershaft. The translation depends on the ratio of the radii of the gears of the wheel set to each other.

In a multi-clutch transmission, individual gears of a wheel set, e.g. B. a drive gear of a second or a seventh wheel set, for the input or output of at least two gears are used. It can also be said that individual gears of a wheel set are subject to dual use, thus being part of a first wheel set pair and at the same time part of a second wheel set pair or part of a fifth wheel set pair and meanwhile part of a first wheel set pair. For example, a drive gear can be used twice to form the sixth gear and the eighth gear. Advantageously, one input gear drives multiple wheel sets. The input gear is - in this case - part of a first pair of gears and part of a second pair of gears. It contributes to the compactness of the transmission if there are further dual uses of drive gears in the transmission. In this case, a first drive gear is provided for a first dual use, a second drive gear is installed for a second dual use in the transmission, etc. with respect to a third drive gear for a third dual use, a fourth drive gear for a fourth dual use, etc.. By the dual use of a In one embodiment of the transmission, a gear wheel can be driven that is provided both to form a third gear and to form a fifth gear. To further increase the compactness of the transmission, the drive gear wheel can even be arranged in such a way that it also participates in the formation of the first winding gear and/or the second winding gear. The dual use of a drive gear on a driveshaft allows the gear to interact with gears on different countershafts. In one development, a gear wheel that is used twice meshes with a gear wheel of the first countershaft and/or with a gear wheel of the second countershaft. In addition, it is also possible to design a dual use in such a way that a gear wheel is used twice for a gear step of a sixth gear and for a gear step of an eighth gear.

In a further embodiment variant, a gear wheel, in particular a drive gear wheel, can be used as a common gear wheel for two even-numbered gears, i. H. in particular as part of the sixth gear and also as part of the eighth gear, in the transmission. From the same drive shaft meshes or is in engagement with one gear each with a driven gear of a gear pair, which is intended to form the eighth gear, and with a gear with which it results in a gear pair to form the sixth gear.

Due to the double use of individual gears as input gears or as output gears for more than one pair of gears, fewer gears are required overall. The structure of the multiple clutch transmission can thus be made even more compact. The dual use of a drive gear wheel as a gear wheel in two sets of gears also contributes to the fact that the overall weight of the transmission can be several hundred grams lighter than when avoiding double use of the drive gear wheel - by saving a shaft section and saving a gear wheel.

In a particularly advantageous configuration, a mechanical coupling can be used to produce a power flow path between the first pair of winding gear sets, which is responsible for forming a fifth gear, and the second pair of winding gear sets, which is responsible for forming a sixth gear. As already described above, the mechanical coupling can be formed in a switching state by the bridging synchronization.

In a preferred embodiment, the first winding gear forms the first gear and the second winding gear forms the ninth gear of the multi-clutch transmission. This enables a large spread of the transmission ratios with a compact design of the transmission at the same time.

If the gear ratios are chosen with care, the compactness of the further increase the transmission. If the winding wheel sets, i.e. the first winding wheel set pair and the second winding wheel set pair, are used independently of one another, they form—if the gear ratios are designed appropriately—a middle gear. The second pair of winding gears can e.g. B. form a sixth gear of the multi-clutch transmission if it is used alone without being combined with the first pair of winding gear sets. In another embodiment, the gear ratio of the winding gearset pairs can be selected such that a first winding gearset pair forms a translation for a third gear and a second winding gearset pair forms a translation for a fourth gear. The first Windingradsatzpaar can alone to form z. B. the fifth grade or third gear can be used. A wheel set can therefore be involved in the formation of several gears. This also contributes again to the compact design of the multi-clutch transmission according to the invention, because fewer wheelsets have to be installed.

When using the two Windungsradsatzpaare in a translation sequence, in particular a rotationally identical translation sequence of idler gears of Windingsradsatzpaare, a lower grade, such as. B. a first gear, and in a reverse translation sequence a higher grade such. B. an eighth gear or a ninth gear, formable in comparison with the two middle grades. When at least one gear is engaged, the winding transmission offers a power flow via at least one gear wheel, preferably via at least two gear wheels. A power flow connection of at least one gear may include a gear on a first countershaft and a gear on a second countershaft.

According to an advantageous embodiment, there is a driven gear wheel on each countershaft, ie at least on the first countershaft and the second countershaft. The output gears are designed as spur gears. The output gears are in meshing engagement with a component of a differential gear. The power flow can thus be derived from the multi-clutch transmission according to the invention via spur gears via the differential gear. The differential gear, which colloquially can only be described by the words "the differential", can be designed as a planetary gear with a fixed basket.

The design principle presented above of the interposition of a lock-up synchronization can of course be multiplied. In one embodiment, the multi-clutch transmission can have at least two lock-up synchronizations between two gears, which are intended in particular for two different gears in a shift configuration. This makes the transmission more compact.

There has been a division of gear sets, according to which one sub-transmission is assigned gear sets for a third gear, a fifth gear and a seventh gear, and the other sub-transmission is assigned gear sets for a second gear, a fourth gear and a sixth gear, as proven advantageous for transmissions that are preferably used for gear-by-gear shifting. In transmissions, where so-called "gear jumping" should occur less frequently, shifting from an even gear to an odd gear is the norm. The even gears are therefore arranged on the first sub-transmission, the odd gears on the second sub-transmission. The gear that has the third largest transmission ratio can be referred to as third gear. Accordingly, fourth gear is the gear with the fourth largest gear ratio. The same applies to the other gears. This division allows the transmission to be shifted without any interruption in traction when - as a rule - the gear is to be shifted up or down in stages.

The more gears the transmission has, the finer the gradation between the gears of the transmission can be. A corresponding multi-clutch transmission has—in a favorable configuration—at least nine forward gears and at least one reverse gear. The spread of the transmission, i. That is, the achievable gear ratios can be distributed favorably, in that a lowest gear ratio and a highest gear ratio can be produced by integrating other gear ratios into gear steps. That is, gears that are intended for other grades act in the formation of other gears, z. B. the first and the eighth gear in addition to their regular gears and determined by them with the gear ratios. In other words, the transmission can be designed so that there is no explicit gear pair for the lowest nor for one of the highest gears (e.g. eighth or ninth gear), but only gear pairs for intermediate gear ratios . The lowest and ninth gears are formed by cascading multiple pairs of gears.

It is particularly advantageous if gearwheels of gearwheel pairs that are seated on a countershaft are mounted as idler gears. The gears of the countershaft are therefore not permanently connected to the countershaft in a rotationally fixed manner, but can be brought into a rotationally fixed bearing with the countershaft by means of a shifting element. the Gears on a main shaft are then advantageously also non-rotatably connected to the main shaft. That is, many of the gears on the main shaft are arranged as fixed gears. All gears except for z. B. another gear of the main shaft so rotate with the main shaft. By arranging the gears of the countershaft as idler gears (except for one additional gear), synchronization between two gears can take place by means of the above-mentioned bridging synchronization, whereby gear stages can be cascaded to increase the compactness of the transmission.

Translations, caused by pairs of gear wheels, can be used several times in the formation of gears, i.e. they can be part of the respective gear ratio with different gears if the transmission has two winding gears, in which in a winding gear the power flow through the two winding gear wheel pairs is exactly in the power flow of the formed by the two Windungsradsatzpaare other Windungsgang, runs in the opposite direction. The direction of the power flow through the two winding set pairs in the first winding turn is opposite to the direction of the power flow in the second winding turn. In a gear, drive torque is transmitted from the input shaft to the output shaft via the first countershaft and the second countershaft. In the other gear, the power is transmitted from the input shaft to the output shaft via the second countershaft and the first countershaft. One could also refer to a direction of a power flow path that runs over several wheel sets as the winding direction. Both a first winding direction and a winding direction that runs in the opposite direction by 180° can be switched by moving sleeves through the multi-clutch transmission. An arrangement as described in this paragraph allows the available gears to be supplemented at both the high end and the low end of the gear ratios available in the transmission compared to a conventional dual clutch transmission. It could also be said that the power flow or the torque is "wound in" in a switching position via the winding path. In another switching position, the same winding path is used to “wind out” the power flow or the torque.

One of the two pairs of winding gear sets advantageously has a tooth pitch by which a transmission with a transmission ratio greater than 1, that is to say a transmission into the fast gear, can be represented. The ratio of the radii of the gears of a winding gear pair is formed by a larger input gear and a smaller output gear. The other winding wheel set pair has a tooth pitch, through which a transmission with a transmission ratio of less than 1, ie a transmission into the slower gear, can be produced. In this case, the output gear wheel has the larger radius of the two gear wheels of the winding gear set pair.

There are several options for forming a reverse gear.

In a first embodiment, a separate reverse gear shaft can be provided with one or more dedicated gears for one or more reverse gears.

A reverse gear of the multi-clutch transmission can be formed according to a further advantageous embodiment in that an at least double power flow takes place via gear wheels of the first and/or the second countershaft or via these countershafts themselves. For example, the power flow can be transmitted from the drive shaft via a loose wheel of the first countershaft and by means of the lock-up synchronization described above to a further loose wheel of the first countershaft. The power flow is passed on to the second main shaft via a wheel set, in particular a wheel set with spur gears. The power flow is then directed via a wheel set to that part of the input shafts that was not yet part of the (previous) power flow. The power flow then returns to the first countershaft, in particular to the shaft itself, via another pair of wheelsets. From there, the torque is transmitted to the output shaft. Due to the double power flow in the example u. a. a power flow is guided both via gear wheels of a shaft and via the shaft itself.

The reversal of the direction of rotation of the output shaft required in reverse gear can thus be achieved by the multiple use of countershafts or their gears, preferably without the presence of a reverse gear shaft in the multi-clutch transmission. So there is no shaft that is only used to form a reverse gear. All waves are used in the formation of forward gears. Some of the shafts are also used in reverse gear formation. It goes without saying that not all shafts have to be used in all gears.

The double-use countershaft can also be designed as a hollow shaft.

In the configuration described above, only one winding of the winding gear is guided via the second countershaft. A path of power flow leads only once over the second countershaft. The second countershaft is once for Transmission of a torque used. In this configuration, a separate shaft for the reverse gear can be dispensed with, which contributes to the compact structure of the multi-clutch transmission according to the invention.

According to a further aspect, the transmission is made up of gears that can be realized with simple gearwheel stages, and of gears in which a bridging synchronization is interposed between at least two gearwheel stages, so that the power flow to form the gear can be guided via both gearwheel stages.

The reduction in the number of gears is also promoted by considering the mass inertia of the drive train or the vehicle at high speeds of the drive motor or the road wheels. Up to eighth gear, there can be a crossfade between the two clutches, i. That is, from a first gear to a second, higher gear, or from a first gear to a second, lower gear, a clutch fade may be performed as long as there is a shift change between gears in the gear I to gear VIII range. In gears VIII and IX, a vehicle is moving at such a high speed that a brief interruption in the flow of torque through the transmission can no longer be detected by a vehicle passenger. The dual clutch transmission works in the lower gears with a clutch transition and in the highest gears with inertia of the vehicle or the drive train. This makes it appear as if there is a drive with no interruption in traction in all gears.

The combinations and exemplary embodiments of corresponding transmissions presented above, in particular of gear wheels, of power flows, of torque curves and of transmission ratios, can also be considered in numerous other connections and combinations.

character list

• 1 einen Räderplan eines Mehrkupplungsgetriebes,
• 2 den Räderplan nach 1 mit einer Darstellung eines Leistungsflusses bei Schaltstellung des Getriebes im ersten Gang,
• 3 den Räderplan nach 1 mit einer Darstellung eines Leistungsflusses bei Schaltstellung des Getriebes im neunten Gang,
• 4 den Räderplan nach 1 mit einer Darstellung eines Leistungsflusses bei Schaltstellung des Getriebes im Rückwärtsgang,
• 5 eine Schaltmatrix für ein Getriebe nach 1,
• 6 einen Räderplan eines Mehrkupplungsgetriebes nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform,
• 7 den Räderplan nach 6 mit einer Darstellung eines Leistungsflusses bei Schaltstellung des Getriebes im ersten Gang,
• 8 den Räderplan nach 6 mit einer Darstellung eines Leistungsflusses bei Schaltstellung des Getriebes in einem neunten Gang,
• 9 den Räderplan nach 6 mit einer Darstellung eines Leistungsflusses bei Schaltstellung des Getriebes im Rückwärtsgang,
• 10 eine Schaltmatrix für ein Getriebe nach 6 und
• 11 einen Einbau eines entsprechenden Getriebes in einem Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Verbrennungsmotor

zeigt.The present invention can be understood even better if reference is made to the accompanying figures, which present particularly advantageous configuration options by way of example, without restricting the present invention to these, wherein

• 1 a gear plan of a multi-clutch transmission,
• 2 the wheel plan 1 with a representation of a power flow when the gear shift position is in first gear,
• 3 the wheel plan 1 with a representation of a power flow when the gear shift position is in ninth gear,
• 4 the wheel plan 1 with a representation of a power flow when the transmission is in reverse gear,
• 5 a switching matrix for a transmission 1 ,
• 6 a gear plan of a multi-clutch transmission according to another embodiment,
• 7 the wheel plan 6 with a representation of a power flow when the gear shift position is in first gear,
• 8th the wheel plan 6 with a representation of a power flow when the transmission is in a ninth gear,
• 9 the wheel plan 6 with a representation of a power flow when the transmission is in reverse gear,
• 10 a switching matrix for a transmission 6 and
• 11 an installation of a corresponding transmission in a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine

indicates.

character description

The possible configurations of a transmission or its components shown in the individual figures can also be combined with one another in numerous other, one can almost say almost innumerable, forms of transmission configurations likewise according to the invention. For reasons of clarity, the figures presented show particularly advantageous configurations, which of course can also be combined with one another to form further configurations.

The figures 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 show a structure of a possible variant of a multi-clutch transmission 1 according to the invention, which has two input clutches, a first clutch 3 and a second clutch 5, based on a schematic representation of a gear plan. The embodiment shown thus shows a variant of the multi-clutch transmission 1 in the form of a double-clutch transmission. Via the clutches 3, 5, a torque connection can be established from a motor output shaft 7 and its motor shaft flange 9 to a main shaft 75, 77 assigned to the respective clutch 3, 5.

As based on the 1 (see also the 2 , 3 , 4 ) shown schematically Gears can be seen shows 1 a wheel plan, which is grouped around a centrally drawn drive shaft 74. The drive shaft 74 is designed as a double drive shaft with a first, outer drive shaft 75 and a second, inner drive shaft 77 . The first drive shaft 75 is a hollow shaft. The central drive shaft 74 is a coaxial double shaft in the form of a shaft-in-shaft system.

The clutches 3, 5 each have their own clutch packs K1, K2. The clutch packs K1, K2 make it possible to optionally transfer a drive torque that is made available by the engine output shaft 7 to one of the two main shafts 75, 77. A clutch pack K1 is part of the first clutch 3. A clutch pack K2 is part of the second clutch 5.

The main shafts 75, 77 are the input shafts in the transmission 1, via which the drive takes place. The main shafts 75, 77 can therefore also be referred to as drive shafts 75, 77. An input torque is applied to drive shafts 75, 77 via an internal combustion engine (not shown), alternatively via another drive source such as an electric motor or a hybridized drive train. The first drive shaft 75 is designed as a hollow shaft. The second drive shaft 77 is located inside the cavity of the first drive shaft 75. The two drive shafts 75, 77 are arranged concentrically. With the first clutch 3, the first hollow drive shaft 75 can be disconnected from the drive source in response to an actuator such as a clutch cylinder. In a second clutch position, the first drive shaft 75 is connected to the power source. The second clutch 5 separates from or connects the second, in particular internal, drive shaft 77, which can also be designated as inner, to the drive source, more precisely from or to the engine output shaft 7. The clutches 3, 5 are located on a drive side of the multi-clutch transmission 1. In a regular course of power flow, a clutch switching position can be assumed, in which one clutch 3, 5 is open while the other clutch 5, 3 is closed. When switching from a first, engaged gear, z. B. a course IV, in the next higher, z. B. gear V, or the next lower gear, z. B. Gear III, a clutch 3, 5 is opened, and the previously opened clutch 5, 3 is closed (also referred to as "gear or clutch transition"). Consequently, a tractive force interruption-free gear change, z. B. from gear IV to gear III or to gear V, through the multi-clutch transmission 1 from the engine output shaft 7 to the wheels of a motor vehicle (cf. Motor vehicle 1000 in 6 ) feasible.

The multi-clutch transmission 1 offers numerous gears (cf. e.g. 2 , 3 and 4 ), So that different courses such as a first course I, a second course II, a third course III, a fourth course IV, a fifth course V, a sixth course VI, a seventh course VII, an eighth course VIII and a ninth course IX , In particular, in addition to or as an alternative to a reverse gear R, can be inserted. If one of the gears I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX or R is engaged, a power flow can be routed from the engine output shaft 7 to a differential gear 85 . Because the multi-clutch transmission 1 has nine forward gears I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX and one reverse gear R, the transmission 1 can assume at least eleven different gear positions (9 forward gears, 1 reverse gear, 1 traction interruption position).

How from the 2 and 3 becomes apparent, the (in 2 illustrated) power flow 25 for the first gear I via the winding wheel sets 11, 13 in a reverse direction compared to the power flow 27 for the ninth gear IX, which is in 3 is shown. A first winding direction 99 is therefore ^rotated by 180° with respect to a second winding direction 991 .

The reversal of the winding direction 99 ^I also ensures a reversal of the direction of the power flow 27 with respect to the two drive shafts 75, 77, but the sense of rotation of the shafts 75, 77 is retained.

4 shows the power flow or the power flow path 29 through the transmission 1. The transmission 1 is basically off 1 known. Whereby 4 represents the state when the transmission 1 is shifted into the reverse gear R. The sleeve synchronizer 41 ^R is in a closed position to have the transmission 1 in the reverse R shift state.

By comparing the 2 , 3 on the one hand and the 4 on the other hand it can be seen that the lock-up synchronization 71 has at least two switching positions 49, ^49I . In one switching position 49, the two gears that belong to the lock-up synchronization 71 are coupled. That is, the bridging synchronization 71 generates in the shift position 49 a bridge to bridge the power flow from one of the two gears to the other gear.

As can be seen from the presentation of 4 results, the gear 1 can 1 until 4 can also be redesigned in such a way that with the help of a suitable winding, the shaft 54 for the reverse gear is saved, which can be used, among other things, to optimize the installation space.

5 shows, as has already been explained using the examples explained above, due to which switching positions the advantageous, claimed transmission has its various gear stages I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, VIII, IX, R, i.e. nine forward gears and exactly a reverse gear R, can take. The table in 5 is to be read line by line. In each line, in the circuit diagram shown in 5 shows the combination of shift positions of two clutch packs K1, K2 and shift positions A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, D, E, F, G, H, I, which are required for gears I to IX indicated on the left, which the corresponding sleeves A to I are listed, with the cross "X" indicating a closed sleeve A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I or a closed clutch pack K1, K2. A lack of a cross "X" indicates an open sleeve A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I or an open clutch pack K1, K2. Thus, the circuit diagram of 5 to be read line by line and thus as a detailed description of all shifting states or gear stages I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, VIII, IV, R of the transmission that transmits drive torque.

As can be seen from the switching matrix 5 can be seen, except for the winding gears, a gear can be engaged in the transmission 1 by shifting a single sleeve A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H. By moving the same sleeve A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H in the opposite direction or position, the engaged gear can be disengaged again.

In the 6 until 10 a further embodiment of a winding transmission in the form of a dual clutch transmission 101 is shown.

The individual components can be derived from the list of reference symbols based on the description of FIGS 1 until 5 .

11 shows an example of an arrangement of a dual clutch transmission 1001 in a motor vehicle 1000. The dual clutch transmission 1001 is connected via a first clutch 1003 and a second clutch 1005 and via a motor shaft flange 1009 to an internal combustion engine 1010. The dual clutch transmission 1001 in combination with the internal combustion engine 1010 is arranged in the area of a front axle 1021 lying transversely to the straight-ahead direction of travel (not shown) between a first road wheel 1011 and a second road wheel 1013 . With the help of steering shafts 1031, 1033, the position of the road wheels 1011, 1013 and thus the direction of travel of the motor vehicle 1000 can be specified. Knowledge of the structure and function of a steering system, brakes and operating and signaling units as well as comfort and safety features of a motor vehicle are part of the basic training of a vehicle developer, ie these parts of a motor vehicle are needed in order to promote clarity 11 not to be discussed further. The dual clutch transmission 1001 is connected to the differential transmission 1085 via a cardan shaft 1041 on the output side. With regard to the embodiments shown in the figures 1 until 4 are shown is a torque that is derived via the output gears 83, 83 ^I , as in FIG 11 shown, can also be routed via a cardan shaft 1041 to the differential gear 1085. The differential gear 1085 distributes the torque introduced on both sides via the drive shafts 1035, 1037 to the third and fourth road wheel 1015, 1017 on the rear axle 1023 of the four-wheel motor vehicle 1000. In another embodiment, which is shown in FIGS 1 until 4 is shown in more detail, a differential gear can be designed as a unit with the dual clutch transmission, whereby either a rear-wheel drive or a front-wheel drive can be implemented. In other words, by arranging the double clutch transmission 1001 on the front axle 1021 or a corresponding arrangement of a double clutch transmission on a rear axle, such as the rear axle 1023, not only a two-wheel drive, but as an alternative even a four-wheel drive of a motor vehicle can be realized.

The depictions in the 1 until 4 and in the 6 until 9 are excerpts from a transmission, such as transmission 1 or transmission 101, in a gear layout. Instead of the countershafts 51, 53 (or 151, 153), a shaft can also be formed and used, which results in sections from shaft parts, with the other, non-substituted end of the shaft preferably in the original, in the 1 until 4 shown state and is left in the arrangement shown there.

The choice and design of the transmission ratios, such as the transmission ratio i, give a wide scope for design in the composition of the individual wheel sets Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Z6, Z7, ZR, so that the present invention can be used in passenger vehicles as well but also in light and heavy goods vehicles.

Reference List

1, 101

Multi-clutch transmissions or transmissions, in particular dual-clutch transmissions

3, 103

first clutch, especially outer clutch

5, 105

second clutch, in particular inner clutch

7, 107

engine output shaft

9, 109

motor shaft flange

11, 111

first spiral gear pair

13, 113

second spiral gear pair

25, 125

first power flow section, also simplifies power flow

27, 127

second power flow section, also simplifies power flow

29, 129

third power flow section, also simplifies power flow

41I, 141I

#1 sleeve synchro, specifically as part of the lockup synchro

41II, 141II

Sleeve Sync #2, specifically as part of Gear II

41III

Sleeve Sync #3, specifically as part of Gear III

41IV, 141IV

Sleeve Sync #4, specifically as part of Gear IV

41V, 141V

Sleeve Sync #5, specifically as part of Gear V

41VI, 141VI

Sleeve Sync #6, specifically as part of Gear VI

41VII, 141VII

Sleeve synchronization #7, specifically as part of gear VII

41VIII, 141VIII

Sleeve Sync #8, specifically as part of Gear IX

41R, 141R

Sleeve synchronization, especially as part of reverse gear

47, 147

switching element

49, 49I, 149, 149I

switching position

51, 151

first countershaft

53, 153

second countershaft

54, 154

Wave to form a reverse gear

55, 155

spur gear

55I, 55II, 55III, 55IV, 55V, 55VI, 55VII , 55VIII, 55IX, 55X, 55XI, 55XII, 55XIII,

first to thirteenth gear, in particular as a loose or fixed wheel

55XV, 155I, 155II, 155III, 155IV, 155V, 155VI, 155VII, 155VIII, 155IX, 155X, 155XI, 155XII, 155XIII, 155XV

first to thirteenth gear, in particular as a loose or fixed wheel

59, 159

Shaft bearings, in particular countershaft bearings

71, 171

bypass sync

73, 173

mechanical coupling

74, 174

central drive shaft, in particular double shaft

75, 175

first main shaft or first drive shaft, in particular as a hollow drive shaft

77, 177

second main shaft or second drive shaft, in particular as a solid shaft

79, 79I, 179, 179I

Shaft bearings, in particular main shaft bearings

81, 81I, 181, 181I

partial transmission

83, 83I, 183, 183I

Output gear, in particular countershaft output gear

85, 185

differential gear

87, 187

Basket

89, 189

loose wheel

91, 191

fixed wheel

93, 193

Output shaft, in particular wheel shaft

99, 199

first winding direction

99I, 199I

second winding direction, in particular 180° opposite winding direction

1000

motor vehicle

1001

Double clutch

1003

first clutch

1005

second clutch

1009

motor shaft flange

1010

internal combustion engine

1011

first road wheel, in particular motor-side front wheel

1013

second road wheel, in particular the transmission-side front wheel

1015

third road wheel, especially rear wheel

1017

fourth road wheel, especially rear wheel

1021

front axle

1023

rear axle

1031

first steering shaft

1033

second steering shaft

1035

first driveshaft

1037

second driveshaft

1041

propeller shaft

1085

differential gear

I

first course

II

second gear

III

third gear

IV

fourth gear

V

fifth gear

VI

sixth gear

vii

seventh gear

viii

eighth gear

IX

ninth gear

i

Translation, in particular a gear pair such as the gear pairs Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Z6, Z7, ZR

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I

sleeves or switching positions

G

Gear indication of gears 1 (I) to 9 (IX)

K1

first clutch pack

K2

second clutch pack

R

reverse gear

Z1

first wheel set pair, in particular first winding wheel set pair

Z2

second wheel set, in particular the first winding wheel set

Z3

third pair of wheels

Z4

fourth pair of wheels

Z5

fifth pair of wheels

Z6

sixth pair of wheels

Z7

seventh pair of wheelset

ZR

Gear set to form a reverse gear

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• DE 102006054281 A1 [0005, 0006]
• EP 2087257 B1 [0006]
• WO 2008/058858 A1 [0006]
• DE 102010008101 A1 [0007, 0008]
• DE 102010007639 A1 [0008]
• DE 102017102943 A1 [0009]
• DE 102010030264 A1 [0010]
• DE 102010055645 A1 [0011]
• DE 102011006004 A1 [0012]
• DE 102011076382 A1 [0013, 0014, 0015]
• DE 102011076386 A1 [0013, 0015]
• DE 102011076381 A1 [0014, 0015]
• DE 202014104722 U1 [0016]

Claims (19)

Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101), in particular a double-clutch transmission, preferably of a motor vehicle (1000) such as a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine (1010) as the drive motor, with at least one first clutch (3, 103) and one second clutch (5, 105) and with at least a wheel set pair (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Z6, Z7, ZR), in particular a first wheel set pair A1/A2 (Z1), and with a second wheel set pair, in particular a wheel set pair B1/B2 (Z2), the wheel set pairs (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Z6, Z7, ZR), in particular the wheel sets A1/A2 (Z1) and B1/B2 (Z2), have different transmission ratios (i) or reduction ratios in comparison with one another, and where in a gear position of the multi-clutch transmission (1) at least one of the two wheel sets (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Z6, Z7, ZR), in particular the wheel set pairs A1/A2 (Z1), B1/B2 (Z2), part of a Power flow path (25, 125, 27, 127) in which the multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) as a winding transmission (1, 101, 81, 81 ^I , 181, 181 ^I ) is connected, characterized in that the multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) is a 9-speed transmission in which an output gear (83, 183), in particular in the form of an output constant, is part of a gear pair (Z6) for forming at least one gear (VII, IX), with the output gear (83, 183) preferably being part of a sixth gear pair (Z6) for a seventh gear stage (VII) and/or a ninth grade (IX) is. Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) according to claim 1 , characterized in that a gear pair (Z6) to form at least one gear, which is a seventh or a ninth gear (VII, IX), immediately adjacent to a first bearing (79) of the bearings (79, 79 ^I ) of a coaxial drive shaft (74) are placed, with preferably a fourth gear, in particular to form a fourth gear IV, or a sixth gear, in particular to form a sixth gear VI, adjacent to a second bearing (79 ^I , 179 ^I ) of the bearings (79, 79 ^I , 179, 179 ^I ) of the coaxial drive shaft (74, 174) are placed and in particular the fourth gear (Z3) or the sixth gear (Z3) adjacent to a gear (Z4, Z7) for a second gear II and for a first gear I is arranged. Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for the formation of a gear position of the multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) in a gear (I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, R), in particular a first gear (I), an α gear, a power flow path (25, 27, 125, 127) from the one wheel set pair (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Z6, Z7, ZR), in particular the first pair of wheels A1/A2 (Z1), to the other pair of wheels (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Z6, Z7, ZR), in particular the second pair of wheels B1/B2 (Z2), for the formation of a gear position of the multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) in another gear (II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, I, R), in particular a β gear, a power flow path (25, 27, 29, 125, 127, 129) from the other pair of wheelsets (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Z6, Z7, ZR), in particular the pair of wheelsets B1/B2 (Z2), to one pair of wheelsets (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5 , Z6, Z7, ZR), in particular the wheel set pair A1/A2 (Z1), and one wheel set pair r (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Z6, Z7, ZR), in particular the wheel set pair A1/A2 (Z1), has a higher gear ratio (i) than the other wheel set pair (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5 , Z6, Z7, ZR), in particular the wheel set pair B1/B2 (Z2), with preferably the transmission ratio (i) of the other wheel set pair (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Z6, Z7, ZR), in particular the wheel set pair B1 / B2 (Z2), as a transmission ratio (i) is designed to be less than 1. Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101), in particular dual-clutch transmission (1), according to claim 3 , characterized in that the translation (i) of the wheel set pair A1/A2 (Z1) is part of the highest translation (i) in the multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) or part of a lowest gear (I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII), in particular a first gear (I), and preferably the translation (i) of the wheel set pair B1/B2 (Z2) is part of the lowest translation (i) in the multi-clutch transmission (1) or part of a highest gear ( II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX), in particular a ninth gear (IX). Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) according to one of claims 2 until 4 , characterized in that a loose wheel (55 ^IV , 155 ^IV ) for the seventh and/or ninth gear stage (Z6) on one of the main shafts (75, 77, 175, 177), in particular on the outer main shaft (75, 175), the Central drive shaft (74, 174) is located, a fixed wheel (55 ^XV , 155 ^XV ) for the ninth gear stage on a first countershaft (51, 151) is located. Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) according to claim 5 , characterized in that the loose wheel (55 ^IV , 155 ^IV ) for the seventh gear stage and the loose wheel (55 ^IV , 155 ^IV ) for the ninth gear stage, preferably fixable on an outer part of the drive shaft (75, 175), meshes with the same fixed wheel (55 ^XV , 155 ^XV ). Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) according to one of Claims 5 or 6 , characterized in that the loose wheel (55 ^IX , 155 ^IX ) for the seventh gear stage is also part of the ninth gear stage. Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) according to one of Claims 5 until 7 , characterized in that the winding transmission (1, 81, 81 ^I , 101, 181, 181 ^I ) with at least one engaged gear (I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, R) a power flow via at least one gear (55 ^V , 55 ^VI , 55 ^VII , 55 ^XV , 155 ^V , 155 ^VI , 155 ^VII , 155 ^XV ; 83, 183) on the first countershaft (51, 151) and via at least one gear (55 ^IX , 55 ^VIII , 55 ^XI , 55 ^XII , 55 ^XIII , 155 ^IX , 155 ^VIII , 155 ^XI , 155 ^XII , 155 ^XIII ; 83 ^I , 183 ^I ) on the second countershaft (53, 153; 54, 154) before the power flow can be aborted or diverted from the multi-clutch transmission (1, 101). Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one wheel set pair A1/A2 (Z1) belongs to a first sub-transmission (81 ^I , 181 ^I ) of the multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) and the other wheel set pair B1/ B2 (Z2) belongs to a second partial transmission (81, 181) of the multi-clutch transmission (1, 101). Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a power flow connection between the one wheel set pair A1/A2 (Z1) and the other wheel set pair B1/B2 (Z2) can be produced by a bridging synchronization (71, 171) which preferably after assuming a switching position (49, 49 ^I , 149, 149 ^I ) in a mechanical coupling (73, 173) between a gear wheel (55 ^III , 55 ^VII , 155 ^III , 155 ^VII ) of one wheel set pair A1/A2 (Z1 ) and a gear (55 ^I , 55 ^VI , 155 ^I , 155 ^VI ) of the other wheel set pair B1/B2 (Z2). Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first clutch (3, 103), in particular as an outer clutch (3, 103), is a power flow input clutch which is preferably connected to a hollow drive shaft (75, 175) couples, and the second clutch (5, 105), in particular as an inner clutch (5, 105), is a power flow input clutch which is preferably connected to a shaft (77, 177), in particular coaxially inside the hollow drive shaft (75, 175), coupled, whereby a sub-transmission (81, 181) can be determined on the basis of the wheel set pairs (Z2, Z3, Z4, ZR; Z1, Z5, Z6, Z7) which can be coupled by a coupling (3, 103; 5, 105) and preferably the drive shafts ( 74, 174) as main shafts (75, 175) of a spur gear change gear (1, 81, 81', 101, 181, 181 ^I ). Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a dual use, in particular at least two dual uses, of a drive gear wheel (55 ^I , 55 ^III , 155 ^I , 155 ^III ) on a drive shaft (74, 75, 77, 174 , 175, 177) with gears (55 ^VI , 55 ^VIII , 55 ^VII , 55 ^XII , 155 ^VI , 155 ^VIII , 155 ^VII , 155 ^XII ) on different countershafts (51, 151; 53, 153) is adjustable, preferably by a Dual use of a gear (55 ^I ) of a sixth gear (VI) and an eighth gear (VIII) can be driven and by dual use of a gear (55 ^III , 155 ^III ) a gear (55 ^VII , 55 ^XII , 155 ^VII , 155 ^XII ) a third gear (III) and a fifth gear (V) can be driven. Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a mechanical coupling (73, 173) such as the lock-up synchronization (71, 171) creates a power flow path (25, 27, 125, 127) between the wheel set pair A1/A2 (Z1), which is responsible for forming a fifth gear (V), and the wheel set pair B1/B2 (Z2), which is responsible for forming a sixth gear (VI), can be produced in a switching state, and preferably the α-gear is first gear (I) and preferably the β gear is ninth gear (IX). Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two different gears (I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII , VIII, IX, R) of the multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) can be inserted, with the wheel set pairs A1/A2 (Z1) and B1/B2 (Z2) being used independently of one another to form a middle gear (II, III, IV, V , VI, VII) such as a fifth gear (V) and a sixth gear (VI) of the multi-clutch transmission (1, 101), in particular each, are determined and due to the translation sequence when using the two wheel sets A1 / A2 (Z1) and B1 / B2 (Z2) in a translation sequence, in particular a rotationally identical translation sequence of loose wheels (55 ^VII , 55 ^VI , 155 ^VII , 155 ^VI ) of the wheel sets A1/A2 (Z1) and B1/B2 (Z2), a lower gear (I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII), such as B. a first gear (I), and in a reverse translation sequence a higher grade (II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX), such as B. a ninth gear (IX), as the two middle grades (II, III, IV, V, VI, VII) can be formed. Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an output gear (83, 83 ^I , 183, 183 ^I ) is arranged on each countershaft (51, 151; 53, 153) and the output gears (83, 83 ^I , 183, 183 ^I ) as spur gears (83, 83 ^I , 183, 183 ^I ) in meshing engagement on a differential gear (85, 185), in particular on a basket (87, 187) of a differential gear (85, 185). . Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that gearwheel pairs (Z5, Z1, Z6, ^Z7 ) for a third gear ( ^III ), ie preferably the third-largest transmission ratio ( i), for a fifth gear (V), ie preferably the fifth greatest gear ratio (i), for a seventh gear (VII), ie preferably the seventh greatest gear ratio (i), and for a ninth gear (IX), ie preferably the ninth greatest Gear ratio are arranged, on another sub-transmission (81, 181) gear pairs (Z4, Z3, Z2) for a second gear (II), so preferably the second largest transmission ratio (i), for a fourth gear (IV), so preferably the fourth largest Transmission ratio (i) and a sixth gear (VI), ie preferably the sixth highest transmission ratio (i), are arranged, and preferably the multi-clutch transmission (1) has at least nine forward gears (I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX) and at least one reverse gear (R), i.e. in particular a lowest gear ratio (i) and one of the highest gear ratios (i) can be produced by integrating other gear ratios (i) into gear stages. Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all the gears (55 ^V , 55 ^VI , 55 ^VII , 55 ^VIII , 55 ^IX , 55 ^XI , 55 ^XII , 55 ^XIII , 155 ^V , 155 ^VI , 155 ^VII , 155 ^VIII , 155 ^IX , 155 ^XI , 155 ^XII , 155 ^XIII ) of gear wheel pairs (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Z6, Z7, ZR) which are mounted on a countershaft (51, 151; 53, 153) are seated, are mounted as loose wheels (89, 189) and preferably, with the exception of one further gear wheel (55 ^IV , 155 ^IV ), gear wheels (55, 55', 55", 55 ^III , 155, 155 ^I , 155 ^II , 155 ^III ) are arranged on a main shaft (75, 175; 77, 177) as fixed wheels (91, 191) on the main shaft (75, 175; 77, 177). Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two wheel set pairs A1/A2 (Z1) and B1/B2 (Z2) are rotated by 180° both for a first winding direction (99, 199) and for one thereto opposite winding direction (99 ^I , 199 ^I ) can be switched on by the multi-clutch transmission (1, 101). Multi-clutch transmission (1, 101) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the two wheel set pairs A1/A2 (Z1) and B1/B2 (Z2) has a tooth pitch through which a transmission ratio (i), i.e. a transmission ratio (i ) into the fast, and preferably the other wheel set pair B1 / B2 (Z2) and A1 / A2 (Z1) has a tooth pitch by which a reduction, ie a translation (i) into the slow, can be produced.

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