DE202019106741U1 - Interaction system - Google Patents

Abstract

Interaction system with - an ATM-based interaction network (KN) for digital data transmission, - in the course of which several interaction network nodes (KNK) are arranged as access to the interaction network (KN), - at least one of which with an interaction network server (1) and - Terminal adapters (TA's) for connecting interaction terminals (KE) to the interaction network (KN) via its node (KNK), - whereby each node (KNK1, KNK2 ...) comprises: - a switching unit (SWAC ), which forwards the signals arriving there from a terminal adapter (TA1) to another terminal adapter (TA2) and, if necessary, can also set up a conference between more than two terminal adapters (TA1, TA2 ...), and - a connection manager unit (NIM), which serves as the interface of the node (KNK1, KNK2 ...) to the interaction network (KN), characterized in that there is at least one A / D converter (A / D) that is also able br digitize analogue signals, especially from 0 to 22 KHz and especially with a dynamic range of up to 80 dB, and in particular all existing A / D converters (A / D) in the interaction network (KN) are designed in this way.

Description

field of use

The invention relates to an interaction system.

Technical background

Such an interaction system is intended to provide a digital interaction infrastructure, which in practice is mostly designed for a specific interaction service (voice transmission, data transmission, the latter in particular for remote monitoring or remote control). Accordingly, both the handling functions and the type and scope of the transmission paths are designed in accordance with these main uses.

Therefore, problems always arise or the effort is always greatly increased if such existing specified interaction systems are to be coupled with other specified interaction systems, especially if the interaction systems to be coupled have different requirements with regard to availability, data format, amount of data, manipulation security and the like.

In particular, in previous interaction systems of this type, a broadband analog signal was not entered into the interaction network, but was transmitted in parallel with this interaction network in order to avoid the high density of digital data and the up-to-date transmission of this resulting from digitization.

Presentation of the invention

Technical task

It is therefore the task according to the invention to create a service-neutral, in particular modular, interaction system which can be adapted to the requirements of a wide variety of tasks with little effort.

Solution of the task

This object is solved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments result from the subclaims.

Due to the possibility of digitizing very broadband and highly dynamic analog signals, in practice any kind of occurring signals can be digitized and subsequently made network-capable.

The conversion of the signals in the terminal adapter into the PCM format is the first step of the summary and enables the later time compression, which is then necessary in the individual node in order to be able to transport the data via the node-internal H.110 bus.

The switching unit controlling the interconnection with other actors must logically be present in each of the individual nodes.

Switching to terminals that are connected to one and the same node and even one and the same terminal adapter unit ( DEW ), is also done via the switching unit ( SWAC ).

In each node, the connection manager unit ( NIM ) the connection via the network to the other nodes (in ATM format), while connections within the nodes are realized by the switching unit alone.

By creating the process rules on the server and storing these rules on each individual node, there in the connection manager unit, the network is functional even if the server crashes.

Only new configurations cannot be carried out without a server.

Logging out and logging in an actor at another terminal, on the other hand, is still possible, as is exchanging a terminal for another terminal of the same type.

By connecting each terminal adapter to at least two network nodes, the reliability of the network is increased.

The connection of several single-channel terminals to only one terminal adapter reduces the number of necessary terminal adapters and is possible due to the sufficient number of channels, e.g. B. 30 channels per terminal adapter.

The Ethernet connection between the individual nodes in addition to the ATM ring bus is used for the transmission of control data between the individual nodes and thus for the configuration of the end devices, so that this control effort is carried out separately from the payload that is transmitted via the ATM bus , which improves the system's reliability.

In addition, the Ethernet connection can also be used for other services, e.g. B. for Voice-over-IP instead of the normal ISDN telephone connection, which would run over the ATM bus.

The uniform design of the terminal adapters, i.e. in particular uniform interfaces according to the E1 standard for connection to the individual network nodes on the one hand and uniform Ethernet interface on the other hand, simplifies the cabling and makes it uniform for all terminal adapters.

The Ethernet connection is also continued from the terminal adapters to the end devices that are to be configured via them. The terminal adapters are directly integrated into simple end devices, for example only microphone units, to reduce the size and reduce the wiring effort.

In principle, the specification of the terminal adapter serves to transmit the specific type of signal as efficiently as possible. The reduction to just a few types of terminal adapters reduces production costs, stocks and enables improved interchangeability.

Depending on the requirement profile, the individual terminal adapters thus contain more or less serial interfaces, broadband audio interfaces and voice interfaces, since the available time slots are limited and should be used optimally for the respective application.

The payload is transmitted between the nodes in the ATM standard, since this is a deterministic point-to-point transmission with a guaranteed minimum quality of the transmission.

If the ATM ring bus line is interrupted at one point, the ATM standard ensures that all other nodes can still be reached by changing the transport direction in the bus line.

Lines that are physically duplicated in the ATM bus increase the reliability on the one hand and serve the return and return of signals on the other hand if the ring line is interrupted at one point.

The parallel Ethernet interfaces represent a separate LAN, which could also be operated according to another standard.

Thanks to the freely configurable functional elements of the terminals, especially the Voice & Control terminals (VCT's), user profiles can be stored in the server, so that regardless of the location and thus the terminal at which a user logs in, the user profile is loaded.

Depending on this, certain specified, e.g. B. virtual, selection buttons on the z. B. touch-sensitive screen of the terminal, which are only defined for this one user in this way.

The strict separation of red and black data paths, that is, data requiring confidentiality and data not requiring confidentiality, serves to reliably prevent the supply of data requiring confidentiality to the outside of the interaction network.

In spite of the use of the same physical lines, this can be ensured in the time-division multiplexing process by using red and black time slots that are permanently separated from one another.

To avoid mixing the two signal types, hardware-separate switching also serves to ensure that a hardware filter ensures that red data is only switched on red data paths or time slots, and that black data is only switched on black data paths or time slots.

The distribution of the signals among the individual channels within the terminal adapter is defined for the individual types of terminal adapter according to channels.

• - die Kanäle 2 bis 14 für die Nutzlast schwarzer Signale,
• - Kanal 15 für die Steuersignale der schwarzen Signale,
• - Kanäle 18 bis 30 für die Nutzlast roter Signale

benutzt werden.For example, a terminal adapter data with an attached encryption device is assigned such that

• - the channels 2 to 14 for the payload of black signals,
• - Channel 15 for the control signals of the black signals,
• - Channels 18 to 30 for the payload of red signals

to be used.

In contrast, the assignment of the same terminal adapter data looks very different for a data modem attached to it: - Channels 2 to 14: Payload black signals and - Channel 1: Audio signal to the transmitter, - Channels 17 to 31: free

Since every participant in conference calls should hear all other actors, except himself, real conferences and thus in practice also conferences with a relatively large number of participants can be carried out without losing the clarity among the actors.

By implementing the necessary filter as hardware in the red-black separation, overlaps, in particular deliberate manipulations when distinguishing between red and black signals, are excluded.

embodiments

• 1: die Systemübersicht des Interaktionsnetzwerkes,
• 2: das Blockschaltbild,
• 3: den Konferenzblock und
• 4: den Rot/Schwarz-Selektor.

Embodiments according to the invention are described in more detail below by way of example. Show it:

• 1 : the system overview of the interaction network,
• 2 : the block diagram,
• 3 : the conference block and
• 4 : the red / black selector.

Based on the system overview according to 1 the problem first becomes clear:

A variety of interconnected interaction devices ( KE ) that provide or require completely different data in terms of type (digital or analog) and format, should be able to communicate with any or several interaction terminals simultaneously. The effort for construction, maintenance and repair should be kept as low as possible and the susceptibility to faults should be as low as possible. Failure of individual components should also have as little impact as possible on the interaction between the remaining components.

The backbone of the interaction network ( KN ) is here as a ring line ( RL ) shown backbone, which connects the individual network nodes ( KNK1 . KNK2 , ...) connects with each other. The entire interaction network ( KN ) is via at least one server ( 1 ) controlled, which for redundancy reasons with at least two of the nodes ( KNK1 . KNK3 ) is connected.

In addition, there is the problem that the large number of authorized actors does not work on the same terminal, but logs in at any of the terminals depending on the application and would like to have made the desired connections from there.

The individual terminals to be operated by the user as interaction devices are not individual, but via terminal adapter units (TAUs) in which several terminal adapters ( TA ) are summarized and are used as physical subracks for this. The block diagram according to the 2 ,

It can be seen that usually every terminal ( T1 . T2 ...) with a terminal adapter ( TA ), each of which has an analog / digital converter ( A / D ) to convert the signals received from the terminal into digital, preferably already compressed, data distributed over the time slots of a channel according to the PCM method.

How 2a shows the individual terminals ( T1 . T2 ...) depending on their function in different ways with a terminal adapter ( TA ) or a terminal adapter unit ( DEW ) connected:

So needed T4 As a receiver of high-frequency signals, only one port and thus one channel to the assigned terminal adapter ( TA ).

On the other hand, for example T17 as a data encryption device, a two-channel connection to the associated terminal adapter, since the unencrypted data is received on one channel and the already encrypted data is sent to the terminal adapter on the other channel ( TA ) must be submitted.

As physical lines between these terminals ( T1 . T2 , ...) and the associated terminal adapters ( TA ) copper cables are usually used.

2 B shows an example of how a terminal ( T17 ) via its two channels to the associated terminal adapter ( TA ) is connected.

To use a terminal adapter ( TA ) on the one hand to adapt the tasks to be performed as well as possible to the requirements of the respective terminal type and still keep the number of different terminal adapters low for maintenance and repair reasons, only a few different types of terminal adapters ( TA ) used, for example TA -Radio, TA -Data and TA -Voice.

It also shows 2a in the right part of the picture special terminals, so-called voice control terminals ( VCT ), which are microphone units with additional control functions.

2c shows such a voice control terminal ( VCT ), in which, due to the logging in of an actor at this terminal, their profile is loaded at the corresponding terminal, which, for example, causes virtual buttons () on its touch-sensitive screen ( 4a, b ...) are displayed, which are assigned a certain functionality that this user needs.

For one thing is in 2a to recognize that terminals with not just one but several different terminal adapters ( TA ) can be connected if this makes sense for their specific function. These different terminal adapters (TA's) do not have to be the same terminal adapter unit ( DEW ) and not even the same knot ( KNK ) must be assigned.

This illustration also shows that terminals ( T ) also run in parallel, both on the one hand according to the E1 format and on the other hand using Ethernet format with each terminal adapter ( TA ) can be connected, which increases the reliability of the entire connection as well as the aforementioned connection to two different terminal adapters (TA's) to, for example, two different nodes (KNK's).

For voice control terminals (VCTs), this only applies analogously, since VCTs preferably have the functionality of a terminal adapter ( TA ) integrated and directly to a node ( KNK ) are connected.

The example of these VCTs also shows that it makes sense for some terminal types, such as the VCTs, to use the terminal adapter ( TA ) with all its functions in the terminal so that at the appropriate point on the terminal adapter unit ( DEW ) just a fake adapter in the form of a remote interface ( RIF ) remains as the interface.

The terminals are also special ( T25 ) and (T26), which are data terminals in the form of a PC and therefore do not supply analog data, but already digital, but serial data to the terminal adapter or require it.

Theoretically, this would simply be reformatting this already digital data for forwarding from the terminal adapter ( TA ) upstream towards the backbone KNK ), necessary. However, in order to receive signals of the same quality characteristics through all terminal adapters ( TA ), these serial, digital data including their control signals are broken down into small signal units, converted into E1 format and put together deterministically in the same way at the corresponding receiver terminal, i.e. without an inadmissible one between the individual signal units temporal offset occurs.

This is achieved by sampling the digital serial data at high frequency from the same A / D converter as an analog signal.

The terminal adapters are in groups of a maximum of two times eight in terminal adapter units ( DEW ) added, which only serve as a rack and do not have their own functionality.

Each of these terminal adapter units (TAU's) is connected to a user interface (UIOE), several of which together in one node ( KNK1 . KNK2 ) of the backbone are present.

The connection between the user interface (UIOE) and the associated terminal adapter unit ( DEW ) is also carried out redundantly in parallel on the one hand in the E1 format and on the other hand in the Ethernet format, preferably via optical fibers, as was shown using the example of the use of the VCTs.

The additional Ethernet connection can preferably also be made in parallel from the individual terminals ( T1 . T2 ) to the terminal adapters ( TA ) are available, which means that all terminals ( T1 . T2 ...) among themselves as a makeshift solution in the event of failure of the rest of the interaction network ( KN ) remains.

The transmission process to the user interfaces is based on the time division multiplex principle (TDM), in that several TCM channels are nested in time and the throughput is increased.

• - eine Schalt-Einheit (SWAC),
• - eine Verbindungs-Manager-Einheit (NIM) und
• - eine Steuereinheit (CPU)

deren Funktion nachfolgend erläutert wird.Each knot ( KNK1 . KNK2 ) includes mostly several user interfaces ( UIOE1 .1, UIOE1 .2, ...) at least

• - a switching unit ( SWAC )
• - a connection manager unit ( NIM ) and
• - a control unit ( CPU )

whose function is explained below.

A special bus, the H.110 bus, is used for the internal data traffic, on which the data is transported in E1 format.

Since this bus is significantly faster than the signal lines between terminal adapter units (TAUs) and the nodes ( KNK ), is within the nodes ( KNK ) while maintaining the data format E1 converting and bundling the data packets into the time slots of the H.110 bus, which is done by the switching unit ( SWAC ) is effected.

In addition, the switching unit establishes the connection between a terminal ( T1 ), from which it receives signals internally via a user interface (UIOE), and to the desired other terminal (s) T2 ) as an interaction partner.

Among other things, the SWAC first differentiated whether the other interaction partner at the same node, for example at the node ( KNK1 ), and if so, on which user interface, for example ( UIOE1.2 ). In this case, the signals are sent to the local user interfaces of the connection manager unit ( NIM ), which sends the signals internally to the corresponding user interface ( UIOE1.2 ) forwards.

If the desired interaction partner is another node, for example node ( KNK2 ) is assigned, the signals from the SWAC to the external user interfaces of the NIM given and from there via the ATM bus of the backbone to the corresponding node, for example node ( KNK2 ), and the one there NIM2 forwarded from where the node-internal distribution to the corresponding user interface (UIOE) etc. takes place.

In the event that a connection with not just one but several interaction partners is to be established at the same time, i.e. a conference call is to be set up, this will be in the SWAC as follows 3 realized:

First, the input signals of all internal nodes, i.e. at their own nodes ( KNK1 ) hanging conference actor, as well as all from other nodes ( KNK2 , ...) or their SWAC's ... incoming external sum signals in a conference block ( CB ) added to an internal sum signal. This internal sum signal is forwarded to each of the internal conference actors, the respective specific input signal of which is previously used by means of a conference filter ( 2 ) is subtracted from the internal sum signal so that the actor does not hear his own input, for example voice input, or is not recorded.

In addition, from the received signals of the internal conference actors attached to the own node, a summation is carried out for an external summation signal, and this external summation signal is sent to all other SWACs involved in the conference.

Since all SWACs participating in the conference operate in an analogous manner, there is ultimately a signal at each individual terminal (T) participating in the conference which corresponds to the sum of all signals emitted by the other conference actors, the signal itself entered into the conference but does not contain.

For the sake of completeness, it should be mentioned that the control unit ( CPU ) via a corresponding switch not only via the ATM bus of the backbone, but also via a separate Ethernet connection, which can be implemented, for example, via copper lines, with the server controlling the entire network ( 1 ) who in this way prefers to all ( KNK ) Nodes and the control units (CPU's) there, but at least for redundancy reasons with two nodes and the CPU's there, via the Ethernet.

From the server ( 1 ) on the respective control unit ( CPU ) the required configurations and settings are uploaded there, this preferably taking place to such an extent that when the ATM bus is completely separated, in particular the ring line ( RL ) in two separate strands, each of which can form new sub-networks in a self-healing manner, controlled by the settings and sequence programs stored on the control units (CPU's) of the corresponding nodes.

In addition, in the entire network ( KN ) between red data and signals that need to be kept secret, and those that do not need to be kept secret, because, for example, black data or signals that have already been encrypted have been distinguished, whereby strictly it must be ensured that red signals are only brought to the data paths provided for this purpose. No physically separate lines are used for this, as the terminal adapter ( TA ) However, only digital data is available and this digital data is transmitted via time slots that can be assigned in a defined manner, a defined division of the time slot into red and black time slots can be carried out and it can be ensured that red data only get into red time slots and black data only into black time slots ,

This red / black separation and corresponding assignment in the time slots is also carried out by the switching unit ( SWAC ) carried out as per the 4 shown:

The centerpiece is a red / black filter ( Fri / s ) distinguishes between red and black data packets, for example on the basis of a code number assigned to each data packet, the meaning of the individual code numbers having been defined and stored in advance.

To make the red / black separation tamper-proof, the red / black filter ( Fri / s ) not implemented as a software solution, but burned as unchangeable hardware, for example as an EPROM.

Only after the red / black separation has been carried out does the signal forwarding, conference formation and the like take place, as above based on the function of the SWAC already explained what within each SWAC separate switching subunits ( SWAC -r and SWAC -s) exist for red and black data, which only pass on their data to the sub-SWACs of the corresponding color by using only time slots of the corresponding color on the ATM bus.

• - einem ATM-basierten, insbesondere ringförmigen, Interaktionsnetzwerk KN zur digitalen Datenübertragung,
• - in dessen Verlauf mehrere Interaktionsnetzwerk-Knoten KNK als Zugang in das Interaktionsnetzwerk KN angeordnet sind,
• - von denen mindestens einer mit einem Interaktionsnetzwerk-Server 1 in Verbindung steht, und
• - Terminaladapter TA zum Anschluss von Terminals T an das Interaktionsnetz KN über dessen Knoten KNK,
• - wenigstens einem A/D-Wandler A/D zum Umwandeln von analogen in digitale Signale,

erfolgt, indem auch breitbandige analoge Signale, insbesondere von 0 kHz bis 22 kHz und/oder einem Dynamikbereich von bis zu 80 dB, digitalisiert werden.Operating an interaction system with

• - An ATM-based, in particular ring-shaped, interaction network KN for digital data transmission,
• - In the course of several interaction network nodes KNK as access to the interaction network KN are arranged
• - At least one with an interaction network server 1 communicates, and
• - Terminal adapter TA for connecting terminals T to the interaction network KN over its knot KNK .
• at least one A / D converter A / D for converting analog to digital signals,

is carried out by also digitizing broadband analog signals, in particular from 0 kHz to 22 kHz and / or a dynamic range of up to 80 dB.

In particular, every terminal adapter TA at least one A / D and one D / A converter arranged for coding analog signals from the terminals T1 ..., in PCM and for decoding PCM into analog signals for the terminals T1 ....

In particular, the switching unit mediates SWAC the digitized data cells between the nodes KNK in parallel over up to 13 channels with 64 kHz each.

In particular, in each node KNK multiple user interfaces UIOE1.1 . UIOE1.2 , ... arranged to each of which a number of terminal adapters TA , especially eight terminal adapters TA , can be connected via the E1 standard using fiber optic or copper cables.

In particular, incoming serial, digital data from a terminal T on the terminal adapter TA1. B. PC data together with the associated control signals broken down into small data units, via the interaction network KN transmitted and reassembled on the output terminal adapter TA2 to the original serial, digital signal, without an impermissible temporal offset of the data units to one another.

In particular, the serial digital data is broken down into small data units by high-resolution sampling of the serial digital signal by the A / D converter A / D and classification of the data units obtained into a plurality of parallel TDM time slots.

In particular, the individual channels are divided into time slots according to the time division multiplex method TDM.

In particular, you can choose between more than two terminals T Conference calls are carried out in such a way that each actor can send and receive and each actor receives the signals of all other actors, but no longer transmits the signals sent by himself, in particular by the conference filter assigned to him 2 be filtered out.

In conference calls, in particular, each actor transmits on its own channel, in particular in the form of a time slot, and receives on another channel, in particular timeslot, the channels in the switching unit SWAC be mixed or unmixed.

In particular, security-relevant red data r and non-security-relevant black data s are handled and transported strictly separately, in particular by strict separation in the time domain.

In particular, when a user logs on to a terminal T this terminal in the server 1 of the interaction network KN stored user profile leaked, through which the neutral configured terminal T is configured in a user-specific manner with regard to its input and / or output units, in particular on its touch-sensitive screen 3 user-defined input and output elements 4a . b are displayed.

the server stands 1 of the interaction network KN with at least two knots KNK in connection and switches the server when the main connection to a first node is interrupted 1 automatically to one of the secondary connections with another node KNK around.

In particular, the red / black filters Fri / s permanently protected against any changes by dividing red r and black s data transmitted on the same line in time slots into separate red and black data paths Lr, Ls by the filter Fri / s are constantly identified by different filter codes, which are stored unchangeably in the EPROM of the filter and are activated by selecting the code, whereby if the wrong code value is repeatedly entered, the filter is deactivated, an alarm with an error message is output at the corresponding node and on the server, and the Operation of the node KNK is set until the alarm is manually on the node KNK was acknowledged.

In particular, operate a ring line RL1, RL2 of the interaction network which is interrupted at two points KNK the control units CPU's of the nodes KNK and / or the server 1 of the interaction network KN automatically the separate parts of the interaction network as separate sub-networks KNK1 . KNK2 further.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

server

2

conference filters

3

screen

4a, b

virtual buttons

CB

Conference block

CPU

control unit

F r / s

Red / Black filter

KE

Interaction terminal

KN

Interaction network

KNK

Interaction network node

RL

loop

RIF

Remote interface

SL

star line

T1, T2 ...

terminal

TA

terminal adapter

DEW

Terminal adapter unit

TAB

Terminal adapter block

A / D

A / D converter

NIM

Connection Manager unit

SWAC

Switching unit

UIOE1

User interface

VCT

Voice & control terminal

Claims (27)

Interaction system with - an ATM-based interaction network (KN) for digital data transmission, in the course of which several interaction network nodes (KNK) are arranged as access to the interaction network (KN), - at least one of which is connected to an interaction network server (1) and - terminal adapters (TA's) for connecting interaction terminals (KE) to the interaction network (KN) via its node (KNK), - whereby each node (KNK1, KNK2 ...) comprises: - a switching unit (SWAC) that sends the signals arriving there from a terminal adapter (TA1) to another Terminal adapter (TA2) passed on and possibly also a conference between more than two terminal adapters (TA1, TA2 ...), and - a connection manager unit (NIM), which acts as the interface of the node (KNK1, KNK2 ... ) to the interaction network (KN), characterized in that there is at least one A / D converter (A / D) which is able to also transmit broadband analog signals, in particular from 0 to 22 KHz and in particular in a dynamic range h of up to 80 dB, and in particular all existing A / D converters (A / D) in the interaction network (KN) are designed in this way. Interaction system after Claim 1 , characterized in that at least one A / D and / or D / A converter is present in each terminal adapter (TA) for coding analog signals of the terminals (T1 ..) in PCM and for decoding PCM into analog signals for the terminals (T1 ..). Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each node (KNK1, KNK2 ...) has several user interfaces (UIOE1.1, UIOE1.2, ...), each of which has a number of terminal adapters (TA), in particular eight terminal adapters (TA), via which the E1 standard is connected by means of optical fibers or copper cables. Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the data are transported within a node (KNK1, KNK2) via a node-internal bus, in particular an H.110 bus, but in the same E1 format as the interaction between terminal adapters (TA) and user interfaces (UIOE), and in particular the switching unit (SWAC) chronologically arranges the signals coming from the TAs into the time slots of the faster internal node bus. Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the interaction network (KN) between the nodes (KNK) is constructed from time-division-modulated data links (TDM highways) in ATM format. Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection manager unit (NIM) converts the data present in the E1 format, inter alia, into the ATM format. Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching unit (SWAC) is able to transmit the data packets between the nodes in parallel over up to 13 channels, each with 64 kHz. Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching unit (SWAC) is able to carry out conference calls between a theoretically arbitrarily large number of actors in such a way that the signals sent by all other actors are made available to each actor, with the exception of one another the signals emitted by this actor itself, which are filtered out via a conference filter (2). Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the A / D converter (A / D) samples broadband analog audio signals at 48 kHz and with 16 bits in 12 TDM time slots of 64 kBps each for transport over the network encoded and the corresponding D / A converter 12 converts received TDM time slots back into broadband corresponding audio signals. Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the A / D converter (A / D) is able to break down a serial digital signal together with the associated control signals into small data units by high-resolution scanning and the D / A converter at the receiving terminal (T) is able to assemble these small data units into the original serial digital signal. Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the A / D converter (AD) samples a serial digital signal in high resolution and encodes it with 1 bit per sampling point into a plurality of parallel TDM time slots. Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a conference block (CB) is present which sums up the signals of the terminals (T1, T2 ...) involved in the conference internally and externally with respect to the relevant node (KNK) and the intern provides participating terminals (T) connected to this node (KNK), a conference filter (2) of the conference block (CB) subtracting the signals emitted by the respective terminal (T) itself before being sent to the terminal (T). Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conference block (CB) is arranged in each case in the switching units (SWAC) and thus in the node (KNK). Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the server (1) the sequence rules for the access controls (NIM) in the individual nodes (KNK) and / or the task distribution to the central control unit (CPU) present in each node (KNK) be created and thus stored in every node (KNK) in the network (KN). Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that several terminal adapters (TA), in particular 2 × 8 terminal adapters (TA) are accommodated in a terminal adapter unit (TAU). Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each terminal (T) suitable for sending and receiving is connected only by means of a terminal adapter (TA) and this is connected to one or, for reasons of redundancy, to two network nodes (KNK). Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a terminal adapter (TA) can be connected to several single-channel voice terminals (T). Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nodes (KNK) have additional Ethernet interfaces, in particular 100/1000 Mb Ethernet interfaces, for the integration of IP services. Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the terminal adapters (TA) have uniform interfaces according to the E1 standard for connection to the network node (KNK) and in particular additionally comprise a uniform Ethernet interface. Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the terminal adapter (TA) is integrated in terminals (T) which only serve as a speech station. Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that separate terminal adapters (TA) in different variants, in particular as - TA radio for connecting terminals with a focus on audio transmission, - TA data for connecting terminals with a focus on data transmission, and - TA-Voice is available for connecting end devices with a focus on audio and speech. Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the interaction network (KN) is designed redundantly double, in particular by physically double lines, and each node (KNK) with both lines (RL1, RL2) is connected to at least two other nodes. Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the line of the interaction network (KN) between the nodes (KNK) is a ring line (RL1, RL2). Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all terminal adapters (TA's) and / or all nodes (KNK) with the respective other analog elements and also element-specific spanning parallel to the interaction network (KN) via a LAN, in particular according to the Ethernet -Standard, in particular only for the transmission of control data, are interconnected. Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least some terminals (T1, T2 ...), in particular the Voice & Control audio terminals (VCT) present as system-specific stations, are freely configurable with regard to their functional elements and in particular via a touch-sensitive screen (3), which can display freely configurable functional elements and that user profiles are stored in the interaction network (KN), in particular in its server (1), which contain a defined user-specific configuration of certain, in particular all, existing terminals (T). Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least in the interaction network (KN), i.e. on the TDM highways, and in the nodes (KNK), in particular also in the star lines (SL) between the terminal adapters (TA) and the nodes (KNK), as well as in the terminal adapters (TA's), there is a strict separation of the security-relevant red data paths (r) and non-security-relevant black data paths (s), which run in particular on the same physical line, but separated in time. Interaction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that red (r) and black data paths (s) when using the same physical lines (Lr, Ls) are separated by time slots in the time division multiplex method (TDM) which are firmly delimited from one another.

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