DE202019102171U1 - Hydroelectric power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

Run-of-river power plant for the removal of useful energy from a watercourse developed watercourse, characterized in that
a. a watercourse through a weir (20) to an upper water level (9) in an upstream side channel (1) and through a stowage position (21) to an underwater level (16a) in an underwater channel (16) is accumulated;
b. longitudinally between the upper-water side channel (1) and the underwater channel (16) a chamber system of any number of equal-sized chambers (2-8) is arranged behind one another in a row;
c. the chambers (2-8) are divided by vertically movable floats (10) into ballast water parts (A) and pressurized water parts (B);
d. the floats (10) by computer-aided, timely opening and closing of the actuators (17 and 18) between the upper water side channel (1) and the chambers (2-8) and the actuator (19) between the pressurized water parts (B) of the chambers ( 2-8) and the underwater channel (16) in a rhythm mutually vertically lowerable or can be raised;
e. the floats (10) of size and weight are designed so that they go up when opening the actuator (17) between the upper water side channel (1) and the pressurized water parts (B), and that in this lifting movement of the floating body (10 ) from the ballast water parts (A) in the upstream side channel (1) pushed back amounts of water are identical to the amounts of water in the downward movements of the floating body (10) from the pressurized water parts (B) of the adjacent chambers when opening the actuator (19) in the Underwater channel (16) flow;
f. the inflow water quantity (Q) passes into the underwater channel (16) only through the chamber system after having used its energy in the ballast water parts (A) or the pressurized water parts (B) by lowering or lifting the floats (10);
G. the floats (10) are connected by connecting rods with generators (13) which generate both when lifting and when lowering the floating body (10) direct current, which is converted into the downstream inverters (14) in consumption-adapted alternating current and the power grid.

Description

The present invention relates to a run-of-river power plant for the removal of useful energy from a watercourse developed for the use of hydroelectric power.

The further development of run-of-river power plants is currently considered completed.

The water level in run-of-river power plants is very low in relation to the storm length (retention). In the power generation of run-of-river power plants of today's design, however, apart from the inflow water quantity, only the damming height is of importance.

For topographical, geological and other reasons, it is hardly possible to increase the congestion targets in the watercourses. At present, it is assumed that approximately 4% of the energy demand is generated in run-of-river power plants and for the above-mentioned and economic reasons, the use of hydropower from run-of-river power plants according to the current state of the art is considered complete.

It is therefore important to increase the efficiency of run-of-river power plants or to realize other hydropower plants.

In the DE 31 08 034 A1 It shows how useful energy can be obtained from tidal fluctuations of the sea surface. In this case, floating bodies connected to pistons are moved vertically, whereby the pistons are supplied with fluid-filled cylinders and thus a turbine is operated via a line system.

Such a power plant is very expensive, since a large number of floats would be required for the functioning operation, especially since it must be doubted that the possible floating body stroke in the low-tide cycle is sufficient to produce continuous electrical energy.

The DE 100 11 197 C shows a run-of-river power plant, which provides an external hydraulic circuit for generating the electric energy between the mechanical strokes of the floats and the power generator, which operates one or more turbines, which in turn drive the generator or generators and thus generate the electrical energy. In a run-of-river power plant according to the DE 100 11 197 C There are significant friction losses, which significantly reduces the energy yield.

Thus, it is the object of the present invention to provide a run-of-river power plant with improved energy balance.

The object is achieved by a run-of-river power plant for the removal of useful energy according to claim 1.

Preferred embodiments of the hydropower plant according to the invention are shown in the dependent claims.

The invention relates to a run-of-river power plant for taking off useful energy according to claim 1.

With the run-of-river power plant according to the invention, a considerable increase in the energy balance is possible and a conversion of existing run-of-river power plants to the new technology or the creation of new plants is justified. With the run-of-river power plant according to the invention, it is possible to simultaneously utilize the working capacity of a watercourse over the entire length of the upgraded line, thereby achieving a greater energy balance.

A watercourse intended for water use is through a weir ( 20 ) and a stowage attitude ( 21 ) into an upper water level ( 9 ) and an underwater level ( 16a ) dammed up. Between upper level ( 9 ) and underwater level ( 16a ), a chamber system is installed on the entire stowage length, the chambers of which ( 2 - 8th ) by floats ( 10 ) in ballast water parts ( A ) and pressurized water parts ( B ) are divided.

Shooters, valves and / or the like ( 17 . 18 and 19 ), preferably contactors and / or valves between the chambers and the upper and lower water or submarine level, are computer-aided by a control center ( 22 ) opened or closed so that these floats ( 10 ) perform rhythmic reciprocating work.

With the floats ( 10 ) via connecting rods ( 12 ) connected DC generators ( 13 ) generate in the vertical lifting movements (lifting and lowering) direct current, which in the downstream inverters ( 14 ) is converted into consumption-friendly alternating current.

Installation is possible in all water courses intended for hydropower use.

In the run-of-river power plant according to the invention, the inflow water quantity flows Q on the way from the upper water to the underwater through a chamber system built into the reservoir.

An advantage of the run-of-river power plant according to the invention is that the electrical energy is generated at each float directly in accordance with consumer requirements. External hydraulic circuits, as taught in the prior art omitted.

According to the present invention, the disadvantages of the prior art are overcome by the fact that the floats ( 10 ) via connecting rods with generators ( 13 ), which both during lifting and when lowering the floats ( 10 ) Generate direct current, which in the downstream inverters ( 14 ) is converted into consumption-compatible alternating current and supplied to the power grid.

With the run-of-river power plant according to the invention, it is also possible, in places where today the utilization of hydropower appears uneconomic, to achieve economy by using the run-of-river power plant according to the invention and thus to further utilize the available natural hydroelectric resources.

The possibility of retrofitting existing run-of-river power plants is also given.

The watercourse, as in the conventional run-of-river power plants, is dammed by a weir to a damming height and a damming length (retention). This stowage position in front of the weir is the upper water level of the run-of-river power plant according to the invention. The area behind the weir is the underwater level of the hydroelectric power plant according to the invention. The difference between the headwater height and the underwater level is the damming height. The amount of inflow stored in the reservoir (upper water level) reaches the underwater side via a chamber system.

At an appropriate point, the chamber system is created, are connected to the same size, juxtaposed chambers with the upper water level and the lower water level of the congestion by actuators.

The actuators should be designed similar to blinds, where they extend over the entire wall length and cover in height the entire lifting movement of the floating body.

The slats of the actuators are connected to each other via adjusting devices and can be rotated by short positioning movements by 90 °. This causes a fast opening or closing the shooter.

The water-filled chambers are divided by seals on the floats in ballast water and pressurized water parts.

Actuators between the upper water side and chambers and between chambers and underwater side are so timely opened or closed by a central, computer-assisted control station in rhythmic change that the floating bodies are constantly raised or lowered vertically in this rhythm, with 50% lowered and 50% raised.

Through a computerized control center all operations, such as opening and closing of the actuators, as well as the water inlet and outlet are regulated so that in a cycle always 50% of the floats are in upward motion and the moving water masses of the ballast water parts of the chambers are identical to the moving Water masses of the pressurized water parts of the chambers.

According to an advantageous embodiment, with each float ( 10 ) only one generator ( 13 ) connected in a subsequent inverter ( 14 ) Converts the resulting direct current into alternating current.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, each float ( 10 ) with two or more generators ( 13 ), which in the downstream inverters ( 14 ) convert the resulting direct current into alternating current.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, between the upstream side channel ( 1 ) and the ballast water parts ( A ) of the chambers ( 2 - 8th ) only inlet or outlet openings without closure devices provided.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the seals ( 11 ) between the floats ( 10 ) and the partitions ( 15 and 15a ) waived.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the inflow water quantity ( Q ) Distributed proportionally to two or more parallel adjacent rows of chambers.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, in the congestion attitude ( 21 ) and at appropriate places in the underwater channel ( 16 ) Actuators installed computer-aided the water level by opening and closing in the underwater channel ( 16 ) regulate.

• 1 einen schematischen Grundriss des Endteils der erfindungsgemäßen Laufwasserkraftanlage,
• 2 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine Kammer nach erfolgter Aufwärtsbewegung mit noch geöffneten Schützen (17 und 18) sowie noch geschlossenem Schützen (19),
• 3 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine Kammer (3) nach erfolgter Absenkbewegung mit noch geöffneten Stellorganen (18 und 19) sowie geschlossenem Stellorgan (17),
• 4 einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch das Endteil der erfindungsgemäßen Laufwasserkraftanlage mit den Kammern 2, 4, 6 und 8 in Endstellung der Absenkbewegung und vor Beginn der Aufwärtsbewegung sowie den Kammern 3, 5 und 7 in Endstellung der Aufwärtsbewegung und vor Beginn der Absenkbewegung,
• 5 einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch das Endteil der erfindungsgemäßen Laufwasserkraftanlage nach erfolgtem Taktwechsel,
• 6a zeigt die Fortbewegung der Wassermassen auf dem Weg von der Oberwasserebene durch das Kammersystem zur Unterwasserebene mit Beginn des 1. Taktes.
• 6b zeigt die Fortbewegung der Wassermassen nach Beendigung des 1. Taktes und vor Beginn des 2. Taktes.
• 6c zeigt die Fortbewegung der Wassermassen nach Beendigung des 2. Taktes und vor Beginn des 3. Taktes.
• 6d zeigt die Fortbewegung der Wassermassen nach Beendigung des 3. Taktes und vor Beginn des 4. Taktes.

The invention is explained below with reference to drawings. In the drawing show

• 1 a schematic plan view of the end portion of the run-of-river power plant according to the invention,
• 2 a schematic cross section through a chamber after upward movement with still open contactors ( 17 and 18 ) and still closed shooter ( 19 )
• 3 a schematic cross section through a chamber ( 3 ) after lowering movement with still open actuators ( 18 and 19 ) and closed actuator ( 17 )
• 4 a schematic longitudinal section through the end part of the invention Laufwasserkraftanlage with the chambers 2 . 4 . 6 and 8th in the end position of the lowering movement and before the start of the upward movement and the chambers 3 . 5 and 7 in the end position of the upward movement and before the beginning of the lowering movement,
• 5 a schematic longitudinal section through the end part of the invention running water power plant after a clock change,
• 6a shows the movement of the water masses on the way from the upper water level through the chamber system to the underwater level at the beginning of the first cycle.
• 6b shows the movement of the water masses after completion of the first bar and before the beginning of the second bar.
• 6c shows the movement of the water masses after completion of the 2nd bar and before the beginning of the 3rd bar.
• 6d shows the movement of the water masses after the end of the 3rd bar and before the beginning of the 4th bar.

The drawings in 1 to 6 show how the water masses of the entire stowage on the way from the upper water to the underwater channel should come to drain only through the chamber system.

By timely opening and closing of the shooters, the floats in the chambers are alternately offset in lifting and lowering movements.

Coupled generators and inverters convert this mechanical energy into consumption-friendly electrical energy. With this method according to the invention, in theory, the total kinetic energy of the water masses present in the dammed-up area is utilized, whereas in conventional run-of-river power plants only the throughflow water quantity and the drop height are used in the energy calculation.

This umpteen times increase in the energy balance in the case of the run-of-river power plant according to the invention justifies the higher structural complexity in the construction of the plant.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Headwater-side channel

2

chamber

3

chamber

4

chamber

5

chamber

6

chamber

7

chamber

8th

chamber

9

Headwater level

10

float

11

poetry

12

linkage

13

generator

14

inverter

15

Partitions between upstream side channel 1 and chambers 2 -8th

15a

Partitions between chambers 2 - 8th and underwater canal 16

16

Tailrace

16a

Underwater level

17

Actuators between upstream side channel 1 and pressurized water part B of the chambers 2 -8th

18

Actuators between upstream side channel 1 and ballast water part A of the chambers 2 -8th

19

Actuators between pressure water part B of the chambers 2 - 8th of the underwater canal 16

20

Weir for damming the upstream side channel 1

21

Stowage for the underwater canal 16

22

Computerized Control Center

A

Ballast water part of the chambers 2 -8th

B

Pressure water part of the chambers 2 -8th

Q

Inflow amount of water

I

height zone

II

height zone

III

height zone

IV

height zone

V

height zone

VI

height zone

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 3108034 A1 [0006]
• DE 10011197 C [0008]

Claims (7)

Run-of-river power plant for the removal of useful energy from a watercourse developed for the use of water power, characterized in that a. a watercourse through a weir (20) to an upper water level (9) in an upstream side channel (1) and through a stowage position (21) to an underwater level (16a) in an underwater channel (16) is accumulated; b. longitudinally between the upper-water side channel (1) and the underwater channel (16) a chamber system of any number of equal-sized chambers (2-8) is arranged behind one another in a row; c. the chambers (2-8) are divided by vertically movable floats (10) into ballast water parts (A) and pressurized water parts (B); d. the floats (10) by computer-aided, timely opening and closing of the actuators (17 and 18) between the upper water side channel (1) and the chambers (2-8) and the actuator (19) between the pressurized water parts (B) of the chambers ( 2-8) and the underwater channel (16) in a rhythm mutually vertically lowerable or can be raised; e. the floats (10) of size and weight are designed so that they go up when opening the actuator (17) between the upper water side channel (1) and the pressurized water parts (B), and that in this lifting movement of the floating body (10 ) from the ballast water parts (A) in the upstream side channel (1) pushed back amounts of water are identical to the amounts of water in the downward movements of the floating body (10) from the pressurized water parts (B) of the adjacent chambers when opening the actuator (19) in the Underwater channel (16) flow; f. the inflow water quantity (Q) passes into the underwater channel (16) only through the chamber system after having used its energy in the ballast water parts (A) or the pressurized water parts (B) by lowering or lifting the floats (10); G. the floats (10) are connected by connecting rods with generators (13) which generate both when lifting and when lowering the floating body (10) direct current, which is converted into the downstream inverters (14) in consumption-adapted alternating current and the power grid. Running water power plant after Claim 1 , characterized in that with each float (10) only one generator (13) is connected, which converts the resulting direct current into alternating current in a subsequent inverter (14). Running water power plant after Claim 1 , characterized in that each floating body (10) is connected to two or more generators (13), which convert the resulting direct current into alternating current in the downstream inverters (14). Run-of-river power plant according to one of the Claims 1 - 3 , characterized in that between the upper-water side channel (1) and the ballast water parts (A) of the chambers (2-8) only inlet or outlet openings are provided without closure devices. Run-of-river power plant according to one of the Claims 1 - 4 , characterized in that the seals (11) between the floats (10) and the partitions (15 and 15a) is dispensed with. Run-of-river power plant according to one of the Claims 1 - 5 , characterized in that the inflow water quantity (Q) is distributed proportionally to two or more chamber rows operating in parallel next to one another. Run-of-river power plant according to one of the Claims 1 - 6 , characterized in that in the stowage position (21) and at suitable locations in the underwater channel (16) actuators are installed, the computer-aided regulate the water level by opening and closing in the underwater channel (16).

Images