DE202019003400U1 - Solar cell module with graduated arrangement of the module cells - Google Patents

Abstract

A stepped-array solar cell module characterized in that the module comprises a plurality of modules connected in series, and further that a diode is connected in parallel between the modules for protection, each module 2-7 connected in series Solar cell strings and each of the solar cell strings comprises 3-20 pieces of cells, which are cut through five similar parts of the entire cell of crystalline silicon. All cut cells are staged by a special conductive adhesive glued. The stepped transition between two isolated cells is glued to the adhesive. The distance between each step is 1.5-2 mm.

Description

Submitted technology

The functional module belongs to a new field of the energy industry, which refers to solar modules with stepped arrangement.

Technical background

In the current technical scheme, the individual silicon cells are connected in series. An efficient layout and output lines generate electricity from sunlight and silicon cells. shows the current scheme in which NxM pieces (N ≧ 1; M ≧ 1) of 156 x 156 mm cells are connected in series. The current maximum efficiency is 18% due to the following limitations: 1. The larger the wafer, the greater the internal resistance of the series connection and the energy loss at the same voltage drop. 2. To avoid short circuits, it is necessary to save space between individual cells during the arrangement of the crystalline silicon batteries, which prevents effective use of the surfaces.

Components of the functional module

The tiered functional module is intended to provide a tiered solar cell module with a meaningful and novel arrangement, high area utilization, low self-consumption, and high conversion efficiency.

The function module solves the technical problems by the following technical solutions:

A tiered array solar cell module, the module comprising a plurality of modules connected in series and further comprising a diode connected in parallel between the protection modules, each module 2 - 7 series connected solar cell strings and each of the solar cell strings 3 - 20 Includes pieces of cells that are cut through five similar parts of the entire crystalline silicon cell. The conductive adhesive is adhesively bonded to join the electrodes on the cut layers of the cell layers and the overlapping thickness of the stepped bond between each of the two cells is 1.5-2 mm.

Preferably, each of the strings comprises 10 - 18 Pieces of chips each cut into five equal parts of the entire crystalline silicon wafer layer.

Preferably, each of the strings comprises 13 Pieces of cut pieces, each cut into five equal parts of the entire crystalline silicon cell.

Preferably, each of the strings comprises 17 Pieces of cut pieces, each cut into five equal parts of the entire crystalline silicon cell.

Preferably, each of the modules comprises a string of five strings connected in series.

The conductive paste is preferably a silicone gel based conductive paste.

Preferably, the diodes are co-located on the assembly to facilitate manufacture.

The reason why the present invention uses the technical solution described above is based on the following aspects:

1. To reduce the power consumption due to the internal resistance of the modules: Example: The value of the regular module for the modules of 13 strings:

The conventional component has an internal resistance of 80 mΩ, a current of 8.4 A and a nominal theoretical power consumption of about 5.6 W.

The internal resistance of the components of 13 strings is unchanged at 80 mΩ, the voltage is 1/5, the current value is 1.68 A and the theoretical power consumption is about 0.266 W.

The theoretical difference between the two power consumption values is 5.374 W.

2. Arrangement of cells capable of generating current within the effective range: The conventional cell part is connected to the positive and negative electrodes by a conductive metal strip. In order to avoid a short circuit between the cell parts, the distance between the cell parts must be 2 mm. There are a total of 45 distances. The blank is 90 mm;

The arrangement of the utility model provides that the layers are stacked in a staggered manner and each of the 13 cut layers corresponds to the 2.6 whole cell layers, which saves the distance between the layers. The overlaid part is 1.5 to 2 mm. For a total of 240 overlays are by the layering 360 to 480 mm saved.

For two pieces 450 to 570 mm are saved and the size of the cell is 156 × 156 mm. Thus, the utility model corresponds to one or two pieces of the entire cell and it is theoretically generated 9.8 W more power.

From the preceding points 1 and 2 It can be concluded that the present invention theoretically generates 15.1 W more of electricity. The shielding area of the cell layer is 63,648 mm ² (12 × 1.7 mm superimposed width after superposition, the length of the cell is 156 mm and there are 20 strings: 12 × 1.7 mm × 156 mm × 20 = 63648 mm 2), in conventional modules 37440 mm ² (The shield of the conventional module shields the cells from the grid.) In conventional modules of this embodiment, it corresponds to 50 complete cells, thus the total shielded area is 1.2 mm thickness of the power line × 156 mm length of the cells × 4 power lines / Cell layers × 50 cells = 37,440 mm ² ); the shielding area of this application is larger than the conventional module where the area 26 , 208 mm ² . A complete conventional cell has an area of 156 mm x 156 mm = 24,336 mm ² , which corresponds to the shielding of a wafer. As a result, the power increase is approximately 15.1 - 4.9 = 10.2 W. The conventional module measures 1,640 × 828 mm and has an area of 1.36 m ² . The theoretical power is about 245 W and the efficiency is 18%.

The size of a module of the utility model is 1,623 × 812 mm, the area is 1.32 m ² , the theoretical power generated is approximately 245 + 10.2 = 255.2 W and the efficiency is 19.3%.

It can be concluded that the efficiency of the present invention can be increased in the module by more than 1%.

3. After many tests it was decided to develop the module with a stepped structure and to join the pieces with conductive adhesive. The overlap between two pieces is 1, 5-2 mm wide. The staged structure is not flat between the cells, but this has no effect. Since the chosen conductive adhesive is silicone-based and has some elastic properties, the bond between the layers of the present invention is not a solid but an elastic compound. During processing, the upper and lower parts of the cell are covered with EVA material (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) and the gaps are filled with EVA. Because of this, bumps between the cells have no effect.

Due to the stepped structure and the use of conductive adhesive, the solar cell module in the present invention also has the advantage of lower temperatures in the hotspot effect. The basic principle is as follows:

The hotspot is a block of a cell that is in direct sunlight. Without light irradiation, a diode becomes a consumer while the electricity is flowing and generates heat. This effect is called a hotspot effect. In conventional modules, which are shielded from the diode from the network, the heat generated by the diode can only be delivered to the environment via the electrode wire and natural heat dissipation. The heat-dissipating area of the electrode wire is small while the heat generation is high. However, the removal of the heat generated is necessary. If it is too high, it can lead to safety hazards such as fires. In the layered structure of the present invention, the superposed area is the shielding area, and the covered area and the "hot spot block" are not covered by a large area. The adjacent cells are directly connected, d. H. the chip of the cell and the layers are directly conductive and the area available for heat dissipation is large. This simply lowers the temperature and gives you the advantage of a lower temperature despite the hotspot effect. This also increases the life of the cell. As a result, the heat dissipation of the conventional components is relatively large compared to the direct dissipation between the cell layers. In the normal hotspot test, the hotspot temperature is about 80 degrees Celsius, and the temperature of the hot spots in the stepped arrangement can be maintained at 50 degrees. It is a significant and valuable difference.

The distance of 1.5-2 mm was chosen because, due to the experience with the utility model, less than 1.5 mm may cause the cell pieces to be turned over during unpacking, which would be detrimental during production. The value of less than 2 mm is based on wanting to minimize shadows as described above.

4. The selected utility model uses pieces of whole cells cut into 5 pieces for the following reasons:

The underlying theory of the utility model is: the smaller, the better. The self-consumption is smaller on the basis of the theory I ² R, the smaller the cut and thus the I-value. After several studies and calculations we found out that it makes the most sense to cut into 5 small pieces. Compare, for example, the section in 6 and in 5 pieces. The Increasing the efficiency has been previously described for subdivision into 5 pieces. The scenario for the subdivision into 6 pieces is described below: there will be a total of 45 spacings between the different module layers and the distance between the spacers is 90 mm. at 13 For example, in series modules it is necessary to use 15 in Scenario 1/6. The arrangement of the present invention is stepped. With layering and an overlap of 1.5-2 mm, layering saves 420 to 560 mm for a total of 300 overlays.

With two pieces 480 to 650 mm are saved and the size of the cell is 156 × 156 mm. This allows the utility model to use three more cell layers. The theoretical increase in generated power is approximately 14, 7 W.

From the first and second points, it can be concluded that the power generation by the present invention can theoretically be increased by 19.7 W. The utility model has a shielded area of 87. 360 mm ² in the cell layer and in conventional modules it is 44,928 mm ² , which is 42,432 mm ² less than the utility model. The area of a conventional cell is 24,336 mm ² . This corresponds to the screening of 1.8 pieces of the cell. Therefore, the increase in generated current is about 10.88 W.

The utility model has a higher power generation of 10.2 W and 10.88 W for 6 pieces when divided into 5 pieces.

When subdivided into 6 pieces, 0.68 W more electricity is generated, in percentage, 0.277% more are generated. This is a very small increase compared to the subdivision into 5 pieces. The production capacity for cutting the cells during production has to be considered. Production capacity is 20% lower when subdivided into 6 pieces than when subdivided into 5 pieces. Asset investment in fixed assets requires 20% more investment, which would not be worth the effort. Economically speaking, the subdivision into 5 pieces is a good choice.

5. This is the reason that the solar cell string selection of the utility model includes N-cut cell bonding (3 ≦ N ≦ 20) and that the strings are connected in parallel. The legend shows five parallel-connected series circuits and the total of M strings are connected in parallel (2) ≦ M ≦ 7) to form a module. The reason for this is:

The selected value of N is 3 ≦ N ≦ 20. The underlying principle is that the cells, when used as power generating units, are light emitting diodes. In actual use, however, this can sometimes be blocked. In such times the current is generated by other parts. When the shaded part does not generate power, it becomes a conventional diode. When the cell is used as a conventional diode, the theoretical breakdown voltage is about 30 W. Therefore, for safety reasons, the cell can not contain more than 50 pieces in series and each string not more than 25 pieces. The maximum value should be 20 and the minimum 3. Preferably, a value of 10 ≦ N ≦ 18 is selected.

6. The decision was made to arrange the diodes by extending the cables and physically positioning multiple diodes to facilitate fabrication.

7. As a result, the utility model has the advantageous effect of reducing the internal resistance at the same pressure drop by the skillful design of the cutting parameters and the intersection of the crystalline silicon cell layers compared to older technologies. It can also be smaller with the same power. The self-consumption through the series connection is reduced as much as possible by the skillful use of empty areas of the conventional components. The cells are further arranged so as to make the power generation more effective. The combination of the two technologies led to an improvement in efficiency of 1%. The above-mentioned technical effects increase the efficiency to 19% or more. At the same time, the solar cells of the present invention also have the advantage of lower temperatures in the context of the hotspot effect. This is also a noteworthy advantage.

TECHNICAL DRAWINGS

The present invention will be described by way of examples with accompanying drawings.

shows a schematic view showing the arrangement of the conventional components;

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the connection between the cell layers and the conductive adhesive in the embodiment 1 the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view showing a module, which is realized by the parallel connection of solar cell strings in embodiment 1 is formed; FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the structure in which the modules are connected in series with each other, and the connection strip and the diode which together constitute the assembly according to the embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Detailed possibilities

All features disclosed in this specification, or any steps of the methods or procedures, may be combined in any way, except as mutually exclusive.

Each feature disclosed in this specification, unless otherwise specified, including any additional claims, may be replaced by other equivalent or alternative features. Unless otherwise stated, each feature is just one example of a set of equivalent or similar features.

shows the arrangement of conventional components in the conventional technology.

example 1

As shown in the picture. 2-4, the solar cell module is stepped and the module includes four modules that are connected in series. Furthermore, as a protective measure, a diode is connected in parallel between the modules. A string of five strings and parallel strings consists of 13 cut pieces, each cut from a whole silicon wafer into five equal parts. The pieces of the wafer and the cut layers were bonded by a special conductive adhesive to bond the electrodes to the layers of the wafer. The distance between the two cell layers is 1.5-2 mm.

The conductive paste is a conductive paste based on silicone gel.

After cutting the cells, the entire surface of the cell layer is designed according to the front and back electrodes of each cell layer. The electrodes are then cut while cutting according to the electrodes. The position is cut and the arrangement of the electrodes corresponds to the previous technology.

The diodes are co-located on the assembly to facilitate manufacturing.

Specifically, as shown in the picture. 2. The crystalline silicon cell is cut in the whole piece and the pieces are stepped connected with a special conductive adhesive. As shown in the picture. 3. The tiered connected pieces form a string and each string comprises 13 pieces. The strings are connected by parallel connection. The legend consists of five strings, which are combined in parallel to form a module. As in listed, the modules are connected in series with each other. The conventional connection strip and the component representing the diode are connected between each module.

Special effects:

1. It can reduce power consumption through an internal resistor in the module:

The value of the regular module for the module 13 strings:

The conventional module has an internal resistance of 80 mΩ, a current of 8.4 A and a nominal theoretical power consumption of about 5, 6 W.

The internal resistance of the components of 13 strings is unchanged at 80 mΩ, the voltage is 1/5, the current value is 1.68 A and the theoretical power consumption is about 0.266 W.

The theoretical difference between the two power consumption values is 5.374 W.

2. Arrangement of the cells that can generate electricity, within the effective range:

The conventional cell part is connected to the positive and negative electrodes by a conductive metal strip. In order to avoid a short circuit between the cell parts, the distance between the cell parts must be 2 mm. The distance between the parts is 45 [rest unintelligible]. The blank is 90 mm;

The arrangement of the utility model provides that the layers are stacked in a quilted manner, and each of the 13 cut layers corresponds to the 2.6 whole cell layers, which saves the distance between the layers. The overlaid part is 1.5 to 2 mm. With a total of 240 overlays, the layering saves 360 to 480 mm.

For two pieces 450 to 570 mm are saved and the size of the cell is 156 × 156 mm. Thus, the utility model corresponds to one or two pieces of the entire cell and it is theoretically generated 9.8 W more power.

From the preceding points 1 and 2 It can be concluded that the present invention theoretically generates 15.1 W more of electricity. The shielding area of the cell layer is 63.684 mm ² (12 × 1.7 mm superimposed width after superposition, the length of the cell is 156 mm and there are 20 strings: 12 × 1.7 mm × 156 mm × 20 = 63.648 mm ² 37.440 mm ² (The shield of the conventional component shields the cells from the grid.) In conventional components of this embodiment, it corresponds to 50 complete cells, thus the total shielded area is 1.2 mm thickness of power line x 156 mm length of cells × 4 power lines / cell layers × 50 cells = 37,440 mm ² ); The shielding area of this application is larger than the conventional component where the area is 26,208 mm ² . A complete conventional cell has an area of 156 mm x 156 mm = 24,336 mm ² , which corresponds to the shielding of a wafer. As a result, the power increase is about 15.1 - 4.9 = 10.2 W.

The conventional module measures 1,640 × 828 mm and has an area of 1.36 m ² . The theoretical power is about 245 W and the efficiency is 18%.

The size of a module of the utility model is 1,623 × 812 mm, the area is 1.32 m ² , the theoretical power is 245 + 10.2 = 255.2 W and the efficiency is 19.3%.

It can be concluded that the efficiency of the present invention in the module is increased by more than 1%.

1. The structure of the bond is stepped. The overlap in the middle is 1.5-2 mm thick and the graded structure between the cells is not flat. This will have no effect because the conductive adhesive is a silicone gel based conductive adhesive. The conductive adhesive silicone-based has some elastic properties. The bond between the layers of the present invention is an elastic and not a rigid connection. The upper and lower parts of the cell layers are coated with EVA. The material is packed and the gaps are filled out by EVA. Because of this, bumps between the cells have no effect.

The distance of 1.5-2 mm was chosen because, due to the experience with the utility model, less than 1.5 mm may cause the cell pieces to be turned over during unpacking, which would be detrimental during production. The value of less than 2 mm is based on wanting to minimize shadows as described above.

1. The utility module uses a whole piece of the cell layer, which is cut into 5 pieces for use. The reasons are the following:

The theory in the utility model is that the smaller the cut, the better. On the basis of this theory, the power consumption is I2R. The smaller the cut, the smaller the I-value. After several studies and calculations we found out that it makes the most sense to cut into 5 small pieces. For example, compare 1/6 with 1/5:

The value of the higher efficiency has previously been described for scenario 1/5. The following describes Scenario 1/6:

There are a total of 45 gaps between the conventional component layers and the spacing between the spacers is 90 mm. at 13 For example, in series components it is necessary to use 15 pieces in scenario 1/6. The arrangement of the present invention is stepped. With layering and an overlap of 1.5-2 mm, layering saves 420 to 560 mm for a total of 300 overlays.

With two pieces 480 to 650 mm are saved and the size of the cell is 156 × 156 mm. This allows the utility model to use three more cell layers. The theoretical increase in generated power is approximately 14.7 W.

From the first and second points, it can be concluded that the power generation by the present invention can theoretically be increased by 19.7 W. The utility model has a shielded area of 87. 360 mm ² in the cell layer after layering and 44928 mm ² in conventional components, ie 42.432 mm ² less than in the utility model. The area of a conventional cell is 24,336 mm ² . This corresponds to the screening of 1.8 pieces of the cell. Therefore, the increase in generated current is about 10.88 W.

The utility model has a higher power generation of 10.2 W and 10.88 W for 6 pieces when divided into 5 pieces.

When subdivided into 6 pieces, 0.68 W more electricity is generated, in percentage, 0.277% more are generated. This is a very small increase compared to the subdivision into 5 pieces. The production capacity for cutting the cells during production has to be considered. Production capacity is 20% lower when subdivided into 6 pieces than when subdivided into 5 pieces. Asset investment in fixed assets requires 20% more investment, which would not be worth the effort.

2. The reason that the solar cell string selection of the utility model includes N-cut cell bonding (3 ≦ N ≦ 20), that the strings are connected in parallel, that the legend consists of five strings connected in parallel, and that the entire M Series parallel (2) ≦ M ≦ 7) are connected together to form a module is the following:

The selected value of N is 3 ≦ N ≦ 20. The underlying principle is that the cells, when used as power generating units, are light emitting diodes. In actual use, however, this can sometimes be blocked. In such times the current is generated by other parts. When the shaded part does not generate power, it becomes a conventional diode. When the cell is used as a conventional diode, the theoretical breakdown voltage is about 30 W.

1. 1. Die Anordnung der Dioden wird durch die Verlängerung der Elektroden erreicht, was im Rahmen der Fertigung vorteilhaft ist.
2. 2. Die Solarzellen der vorliegenden Erfindung haben ebenfalls den Vorteil von niedrigeren Temperaturen im Rahmen des Hotspot-Effekts.

Therefore, for security reasons, the cell can not contain more than 50 pieces in series and each string not more than 25 pieces. The maximum value should be 20 and the minimum 3. Preferably, a value of 10 ≦ N ≦ 18 is selected.

1. 1. The arrangement of the diodes is achieved by the extension of the electrodes, which is advantageous in the context of manufacturing.
2. 2. The solar cells of the present invention also have the advantage of lower temperatures in the context of the hotspot effect.

The basic principle is: The hotspot is a piece of the cell that does not receive direct sunlight. Without light, the cell of a diode becomes a load while the electricity is flowing and warms up. With conventional components shielded from the diode by the mains, the heat generated by the diode can only be dissipated to the environment via the electrode wire and natural heat dissipation. The electrode wire has only a small area for heat radiation. It is easier to increase the temperature than to remove it. However, the removal of the heat generated is necessary. If it is too high, it can lead to safety hazards such as fires. In the layered structure of the present invention, the overlying area is the shielding area, and the covered areas are not covered by the same block. The large area of the shield and the adjacent cells are connected to each other, the cell layer is directly conductive and the heat-dissipating surface is large. This can simply lower the temperature so that the temperature is lower during the hotspot effect. The advantages also include an increased life of the cell. As a result, the heat dissipation of the conventional components is relatively large compared to the direct dissipation between the cell layers. In the normal hotspot test, the hotspot temperature is about 80 degrees Celsius, and the temperature of the hot spots in the stepped arrangement can be maintained at 50 degrees. It is a significant and valuable difference.

Summary: The utility model lowers the internal resistance by cutting the layer of crystalline silicon into several pieces. This results in the same voltage drop to a lower self-consumption of the module and the clever use of empty areas of the conventional component. The power generating cells are, if possible, arranged efficiently. The combination of the two technologies listed above has the fundamental technical effect of increasing component efficiency by more than 1%. As a result, the efficiency of the component can be up to over 19%. The solar cells of the utility model also have the advantage of lower temperatures as part of the hotspot effect. This is also a noteworthy advantage. Example 2

Each of the solar cell strings comprises 17 cell pieces which are cut by five similar parts of the entire cell of crystalline silicon. The other technical features correspond to those of the first embodiment. According to the principles listed above, the technical advantages and their implementation are known. Example 1 is equivalent.

The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention may include the novel features or any combination listed in this specification as well as novel methods or process steps, as well as novel disclosed combinations.

Claims (6)

A stepped-array solar cell module characterized in that the module comprises a plurality of modules connected in series, and further that a diode is connected in parallel between the modules for protection, each module 2-7 connected in series Solar cell strings and each of the solar cell strings comprises 3-20 pieces of cells, which are cut through five similar parts of the entire cell of crystalline silicon. All cut cells are staged by a special conductive adhesive glued. The stepped transition between two isolated cells is with the adhesive bonded. The distance between each step is 1.5-2 mm. The solar cell module with a stepped arrangement according to Claim 1 wherein each of the solar cell strings comprises 10-18 pieces of cells which are cut through five similar parts of the entire crystalline silicon cell. The solar cell module with a stepped arrangement according to Claim 2 wherein each of the solar cell strings comprises 13 pieces of cells which are cut through five similar parts of the entire crystalline silicon cell. The solar cell module with a stepped arrangement according to Claim 2 wherein each of the solar cell strings comprises 17 pieces of cells which are cut by five similar parts of the entire crystalline silicon cell. The solar cell module with a stepped arrangement according to Claim 1 wherein each of the modules comprises a string of five strings connected in series, each connected in series with each other. The solar cell module with a stepped arrangement according to Claim 1 wherein the conductive paste is a silicone gel based conductive paste.

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