DE202019000311U1 - System for controlling the crop dry matter of field-dried agricultural fruits in multi-stage harvesting - Google Patents

Abstract

System for controlling the dry matter content of crops in multistage harvesting processes during their introduction from the field, characterized in that a computer is set up in such a way that it uses relevant data
• the expected dry matter content of the fruit during the expected time of introduction from the field at the current time interval between the process steps and the expected work progress of the process participants and / or
• the optimum processing intensity and / or the optimal setting of a treatment organ or several treatment organs to achieve the optimum dry matter content and / or
• calculated the optimal time interval between the different process steps and the contribution of the fruit.

Description

Introduction:

To achieve the optimum quality of field-dried agricultural fruits, it is usually necessary that they are harvested with a defined dry matter content. The dry matter content to be achieved varies depending on the fruit and its properties, the type of preservation and the type of reuse. For example, fodder grass, which is conserved by anaerobic fermentation process and fed to cattle as silage, should generally have a dry matter content of between 30% and 40% during harvest (Hünting, Klaus in Landwirtschaftliche Pflanzenbau, BLV Buchverlag GmbH & Co.KG, 13 Edition, Munich 2014, page 889).

• • dem Ausgangstrockenmassegehalt der Frucht
• • den Eigenschaften der Frucht
• • Menge der Biomasse pro Flächeneinheit (Ertrag)
• • der Art, der Intensität und dem Zeitpunkt der Behandlung der Frucht in den Prozessstufen vor ihrer Einbringung, zum Beispiel:
  • o Mähen
  • o Aufbereiten
  • o Wenden
  • o Schwaden
• • dem Zeitlichen Abstand zwischen den Behandlungsschritten bis hin zur Ernte
• • dem Wetter
• • der Tageszeit

The actual dry weight of the harvested fruit depends significantly on multi-stage harvesting processes:

• • the initial dry matter content of the fruit
• • the characteristics of the fruit
• • amount of biomass per unit area (yield)
• • the type, intensity and timing of the treatment of the fruit in the stages of the process prior to its introduction, for example:
  • o Mowing
  • o Processing
  • o turning
  • o swaths
• • the time interval between the treatment steps up to the harvest
• • the weather
• • the time of day

State of the art:

Sensors for detecting the moisture content during harvesting are available on the market (Thurner, Stefan in Agricultural Crops, BLV Buchverlag GmbH & Co. KG, 13th edition, Munich 2014, page 921 f), however, by these sensors, the moisture content at a time which it can no longer be influenced. Out EP 3 315 014 A1 a system is known which predicts the drying process of agricultural fruits by means of weather data and data from field sensors. In multi-stage harvesting processes, however, the different process stages up to the introduction of the fruit have a significant influence on their drying behavior, so that they have to be taken into account in such harvesting processes. Out WO 2010/003421 A1 is a method for predicting the optimum drying time within a multi-level harvest chain as a function of a biomass and moisture map and the weather forecast known. However, the type and preparation of the fruit has a significant effect on the dry matter development (Thurner, Stefan in Agricultural Crop, BLV Buchverlag GmbH & Co. KG, 13th edition, Munich 2014, page 907) and must therefore in predicting the drying process be taken into account.

The aim of the invention specified in the protection claim is better adherence to the target dry matter of the harvested fruit in multi-stage harvesting process, taking into account the factors mentioned in the introduction.

• • welche(s) Daten zur aktuellen und zukünftigen Witterung und Verdunstungsintensität bereitstellt (2),
• • welche(s) Daten zum Zeitpunkt, Art und Fortschritt der Behandlung der Frucht vor der Einbringung bereitstellt wie Beispielsweise Zeitpunkt des Mähens, Intensität der Aufbereitung des Mähens bereitstellt sowie Daten über die erforderliche Art und Intensität der Behandlung der Frucht an einen oder mehrere Prozessteilnehmer übermitteln kann (3)
• • welche(s) Daten zu den Eigenschaften der Frucht vor dem ersten berücksichtigten Behandlungsschritt bereitstellt (4)
• • welche die im Computer generierten Daten für den Nutzer visualisiert (5)

A computer (1) (see also drawing 1 ) is a communication technology connected to one (or more) system (s)

• • which provides data on the current and future weather and evaporation intensity (2),
• • which provides data on the timing, nature and progress of the treatment of the fruit prior to introduction, such as timing of mowing, intensity of mowing preparation, and transmission of data on the required type and intensity of treatment of the fruit to one or more process participants can (3)
• • which provides data on the characteristics of the fruit before the first considered treatment step (4)
• • visualizing computer-generated data for the user (5)

Optionally, the computer (1) still be communicatively connected to one or more systems which (s) manages the participants of the harvest process chains in their compilation ( 7 ). In such a system, the participants are defined in a process chain, whereby all participants belong to the same process chain, which has to work on the same amount of agricultural land.

• • System (2):
  • • Vergangene, aktuelle und zukünftige
    • o Verdunstung
    • o Temperatur
    • o Windgeschwindigkeit
    • o Luftfeuchte
    • o Globalstrahlung
    • o Bodenwärmestrom
    • o Luftdruck
  im Zeitverlauf

• • System (3):
  • o Zeitpunkt der Behandlung
  • o Art der Behandlung
  • o Intensität der Behandlung
  • o Flächenleistung des Arbeitsschritts
  • o Entwicklung der Flächenleistung
  • o Aktueller Trockenmassegehalt des Ernteguts
  • o Masse Erntegut pro Fläche (Ertrag)
  • o Zusammensetzung des Ernteguts
• • System (4):
  • o Aktueller Trockenmassegehalt
  • o Masse Erntegut pro Fläche (Ertrag)
  • o Zusammensetzung

der zu erntenden Frucht

• • System (7):
  • o Teilnehmer einer Prozesskette, die gemeinsam einen definierten Umfang an Flächen landwirtschaftlichen Nutzflächen abernten sollen

Among other things, the following data can be provided by the various systems:

• • System (2) :
  • • Past, current and future
    • o evaporation
    • o temperature
    • o wind speed
    • o Humidity
    • o Global radiation
    • o ground heat flux
    • o air pressure
  over time

• • System (3) :
  • o time of treatment
  • o Type of treatment
  • o intensity of treatment
  • o Area performance of the work step
  • o Development of area performance
  • o Current dry matter content of the crop
  • o Mass of crop per area (yield)
  • o Composition of the crop
• • System (4) :
  • o Current dry matter content
  • o Mass of crop per area (yield)
  • o Composition

the fruit to be harvested

• • System (7) :
  • o Participants in a process chain who are to work together to harvest a defined volume of agricultural land

The computer (1) Using the data provided, calculate the expected harvest time and the dry matter content to be expected under the current conditions including the time interval between the individual treatment steps at the expected harvest time. In addition, the computer calculates the required type of treatment of the fruit and / or the required intensity of the treatment of the crop and the optimal time interval between the individual treatment steps, with which the target dry matter content can be achieved during the harvest. Taking current weather data into account, the calculations can be re-executed at any time. If the expected time difference between the individual process stages and the harvest time deviates from the calculated optimum time interval due to the performance of the process participants, the computer calculates (1) the required type and intensity of the preparation of the fruit to be harvested and / or, if necessary, the required adjustment of one or more treatment organs of one or more process participants. If the target dry matter content can not be achieved by changing the processing intensity, the computer calculates the required time interval between the individual process stages to achieve the optimum dry matter content. All from the computer (1) calculated data may be transmitted by telecommunications to a digital user interface (5) or by means of an appropriate system (3) to one or more process participants (6) be transmitted. There, the data can be from a control device (8th) be used to regulate working bodies of the process participants.

This data can be calculated and provided for any position or subarea within the areas to be harvested.

Embodiment:

system (1) For example, it could be a central server on which the data is calculated to achieve the target crop dry matter content.

system (2) could for example be a computer of a weather service, which provides the central server via an automatic programming interface (API) the relevant data.

system (3) For example, a telematics system could be a mobile work machine whose server can exchange data with the central server via an automatic programming interface (API)

system (4) For example, it could be a satellite service whose server provides the relevant data to the central server via an automatic programming interface (API).

system (5) For example, it could be a web browser that communicates with the central server via the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).

• • Mähen
• • Quetschen
• • Knicken
• • Wenden
• • Schwaden

Examples of the treatments of the fruit to be harvested mentioned in the introduction are:

• • Mowing
• • To squeeze
• • kinking
• • Turn
• • swaths

system (8th) Therefore, could be the electronic control device for the processing device of an agricultural machine as they are made DE 196 32 868 A1 is known. This system could be used, for example, via CAN bus be connected to a communication device, which is connected via mobile radio and the Internet to the central server. Here, the same infrastructure could be used for the above-described telematics system of the mobile work machine. The process chain is via the user interface (5) configured. system (7) could be a system for the digital management of jobs for agricultural work processes, which is able to map work processes with multiple participants.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

(1)

computer

(2)

System (s) for providing weather and / or evaporation data

(3)

System for exchanging information with process participants

(4)

System (s) for providing data on the fruit to be harvested before the first treatment step

(5)

User interface (s)

(6)

trial participants

(7)

System for managing harvest chains

(8th)

Control device for controlling a treatment organ

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 3315014 A1 [0004]
• WO 2010/003421 A1 [0004]
• DE 19632868 A1 [0017]

Claims (6)

System for controlling the dry matter content of crops during multi - stage harvesting operations during their field introduction, characterized in that a computer is arranged to use relevant data to: • estimate the expected dry matter content of the fruit during the expected time of field introduction current time interval between the process stages and the expected work progress of the process participants and / or • the optimal processing intensity and / or the optimal setting of a treatment organ or several processing organs to achieve the optimum dry matter content and / or • the optimal time interval between the various process steps and the Incorporation of fruit calculated. System after Claim 1 characterized in that it is used to calculate the in Claim 1 information on the intensity of treatment by a treatment organ as well as a subset or all of the following data uses: - timing of the individual processing steps - indicators for the intensity of treatment by a treatment organ - geometry of the storage of the fruit in the field - current weather data and weather forecast data - Data on the properties of the fruit - data on the mass of fruit per area - the current time. System after Claim 1 characterized in that the in Claim 1 described computer the in Claim 2 generated data via telecommunications interfaces to other systems. System after Claim 1 characterized in that a calculated target processing intensity or the target setting of one or more processing organs to achieve the optimum dry matter content to one or more process participants can be transmitted by telecommunications technology. System after Claim 1 characterized in that the in Claim 1 said computed data can be made available to human users by means of a telecommunications transmission to a digital display system. System after Claim 1 characterized in that the in Claim 1 data can be calculated site-specific for any point and / or any subarea of the areas to be harvested.

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