DE202018105677U1 - Foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition and adhesive bond with it - Google Patents

Abstract

Polymer composition (1) comprising at least the following components: a first polymer material (2) selected from an aromatic and / or partially aromatic and / or aliphatic and / or partially aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic oligomers or polymers or block copolymers or random copolymers, and / or a chemically modified aromatic and / or partially aromatic and / or aliphatic and / or partially aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic oligomers or polymers or block copolymers or random copolymers, and / or a blend of oligomers and / or polymers and / or block copolymers and / or random copolymers, with an MFR value according to DIN ISO 1130 from 3 to 200 g / 10min [160 ° C / 2.16 kg] and a melting point according to DIN EN ISO 11357-1 from 60 to 150 ° C and / or a glass transition temperature less than 150 ° C, - a second polymer material (3) which is different from the first polymer material (2), and which has an MFI value according to ß DIN EN ISO 1133 of <200 g / 10 min (190 ° C / 2.16 kg) and of <3 g / 10 min (160 ° C, 2.16 kg), which is an amorphous and / or microcrystalline and / or semi-crystalline and / or liquid-crystalline thermoplastic homopolymer and / or copolymer and / or block copolymer and / or random copolymer, which is present in its starting form and / or by a grafting reaction and / or by an addition reaction and / or by a condensation reaction is modified with at least one functional group, and which is optionally a mixture and / or a blend of several polymers, selected from the group comprising polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, styrene-based polymer, polyurethane, polyolefin, elastomer, in particular rubber, polyvinyl butyral, polyimide and / or polyetherimide and / or polyamide imide and / or a thermoplastic polyimide, polyether ether ketone, polyketone, polyether ketone, polyether ketone ketone, polyaryl ether ketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyester, bi polymer and / or a polymer from renewable raw materials, ionomer, polycarbonate, acrylate, acetate, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, acetal, polysulfone, polyether, in particular polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, liquid-crystalline polymer, and fluoropolymer, - a foam-forming agent (4), which at least comprises two different components, and - at least one additive (5).

Description

The present invention relates to a polymer composition comprising at least the following components: a first polymer material, a second polymer material which is different from the first polymer material, a foaming agent which comprises at least two different constituents, and at least one additive.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition which is formed from the aforementioned polymer composition. Finally, the invention also relates to an adhesive bond made of a molded part which has at least one side on which the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition is arranged in an adhesive manner at least in sections.

An adhesive bond with a molded part, which can consist of very different materials, on which one side is formed, on which a foamed polymer composition is at least partially adhered, can be found in many ways. This is used, for example, as a thermally insulated pipe, as a component, as an insulation component, as a cover, as a profile for various construction applications and as a construction element.

The disadvantage here is often the low adhesion of the foamed polymer composition to the side of the molded part. As a result, the use of such adhesive composites from the prior art is limited; in particular, no further areas of application can be opened up in this way.

This is where the invention comes in, which has set itself the task of specifying a polymer composition from which a foamed, adhesion-optimized polymer composition can be produced in a simple manner and which has optimized adhesion to molded parts. Another object of the present invention is to provide the foamed adhesion optimized polymer composition.

Finally, it is still an object of the present invention to provide an adhesive bond made of a molded part which has at least one side on which the foamed, adhesion-optimized polymer composition is at least partially adhered.

The solution of the first object of the present invention to provide a polymer composition is achieved according to the features of claim 1.

• - ein erstes Polymermaterial, ausgewählt aus einem aromatischen und / oder teilaromatischen und / oder aliphatischen und / oder teilaliphatischen und / oder cycloaliphatischen Oligomeren oder Polymeren oder Block-Copolymeren oder Random-Copolymeren, und / oder einem chemisch modifizierten aromatischen und / oder teilaromatischen und / oder aliphatischen und / oder teilaliphatischen und / oder cycloaliphatischen Oligomeren oder Polymeren oder Block-Copolymeren oder Random-Copolymeren, und / oder einem Blend aus Oligomeren und / oder Polymeren und / oder Block-Copolymeren und / oder Random-Copolymeren, mit einem MFR-Wert gemäß DIN ISO 1130 von 3 bis 200 g / 10min [160 °C / 2,16 kg] und einem Schmelzpunkt nach DIN EN ISO 11357-1 von 60 bis 150 °C und / oder einer Glasübergangstemperatur kleiner 150 °C,
• - ein zweites Polymermaterial, das unterschiedlich zum ersten Polymermaterial ist, und das einen MFI-Wert gemäß DIN EN ISO 1133 von < 200 g / 10 min (190 °C / 2,16 kg) und von < 3 g / 10 min (160 °C, 2,16 kg) aufweist, das ein linearkettiges und / oder verzweigtkettiges und / oder hyperverzweigtes und / oder dendritisches amorphes und / oder mikrokristallines und / oder teilkristallines und / oder flüssigkristallines thermoplastisches Homopolymer und / oder Copolymer und / oder Block-Copolymer und / oder Random-Copolymer ist, das in seiner Ausgangsform vorliegt und / oder durch eine Pfropfungsreaktion und / oder durch eine Additionsreaktion und / oder durch eine Kondensationsreaktion mit mindestens einer funktionellen Gruppe modifiziert ist, und das optional eine Mischung und / oder ein Blend mehrerer Polymere ist, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe, umfassend Polyamid, Polyvinylchlorid, styrolbasiertes Polymer, Polyurethan, Polyolefin, Elastomer, insbesondere Kautschuk, Polyvinylbutyral, Polyimid und / oder Polyetherimid und / oder Polyamidimid und / oder einem thermoplastischen Polyimid, Polyetheretherketon, Polyketon, Polyetherketon, Polyetherketonketon, Polyaryletherketon, Polyphenylensulfid, Polyester, Biopolymer und / oder einem Polymer aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen, lonomer, Polycarbonat, Acrylat, Acetat, Ethylen-Vinylakohol-Copolymer, Acetal, Polysulfon, Polyether, insbesondere Polyphenylenoxid, Polyphenylensulfid, flüssigkristallines Polymer, und Fluorpolymer,
• - ein Schaumbildungsmittel, welches wenigstens zwei verschiedene Bestandteile umfasst, und
• - wenigstens ein Additiv.

In the context of the present invention, it was recognized that a polymer composition completely fulfills the stated object if it is provided that the polymer composition comprises at least the following components:

• a first polymer material selected from an aromatic and / or partially aromatic and / or aliphatic and / or partially aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic oligomers or polymers or block copolymers or random copolymers and / or a chemically modified aromatic and / or partially aromatic and / or aliphatic and / or partially aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic oligomers or polymers or block copolymers or random copolymers, and / or a blend of oligomers and / or polymers and / or block copolymers and / or random copolymers, with an MFR Value according to DIN ISO 1130 from 3 to 200 g / 10min [160 ° C / 2.16 kg] and a melting point after DIN EN ISO 11357-1 from 60 to 150 ° C and / or a glass transition temperature less than 150 ° C,
• a second polymer material that is different from the first polymer material and that has an MFI value according to DIN EN ISO 1133 of <200 g / 10 min (190 ° C / 2.16 kg) and of <3 g / 10 min (160 ° C, 2.16 kg), which is a linear chain and / or branched chain and / or hyperbranched and / or is dendritic amorphous and / or microcrystalline and / or partially crystalline and / or liquid crystalline thermoplastic homopolymer and / or copolymer and / or block copolymer and / or random copolymer, which is present in its starting form and / or by a grafting reaction and / or by an addition reaction and / or is modified by a condensation reaction with at least one functional group, and which is optionally a mixture and / or a blend of several polymers, selected from the group comprising polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, styrene-based polymer, polyurethane, polyolefin, elastomer, in particular Rubber, polyvinyl butyral, polyimide and / or polyetherimide and / or polyamideimide and / or a thermoplastic polyimide, Polyether ether ketone, polyketone, polyether ketone, polyether ketone ketone, polyaryl ether ketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyester, biopolymer and / or a polymer made from renewable raw materials, ionomer, polycarbonate, acrylate, acetate, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, acetal, polysulfone, polyether, especially polyphenylene oxide, liquid phenylene sulfate, polyphenylene sulfate Polymer, and fluoropolymer,
• a foaming agent which comprises at least two different components, and
• - at least one additive.

The polymer composition according to the invention, which comprises the first polymer material, the second polymer material, a foaming agent and at least one additive, is particularly suitable for producing therefrom a foamed, adhesion-optimized polymer composition which can be adhesively arranged on one side of a molded part, very high adhesion values being achievable ,
In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention, it can be provided that the polymer composition is designed such that the first polymer material is selected from the group consisting of
Polyamides, copolyamides, polyamide resins, polyetheramides, polyesteramides, polyamide hot melt adhesives,
thermoplastic polyurethanes, polyurethane hot melt adhesives,
Copolyesters, polyester hot melt adhesives,
Acrylates, polyacrylates, acrylate copolymers,
polyether,
polylactones
styrene-based polymers,

polyolefins
Polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate,
Polyoxazoline (poly (2-ethyl-2-oxazoline))
and ionomers,
as well as chemical modifications of the aforementioned and mixtures and blends thereof.
As a result of the above-described selection possibility of the first polymer material of the polymer composition according to the invention, the polymer composition according to the invention and thus also the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition can be designed exactly according to the needs or technical requirements.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention it can be provided that the first polymer material is selected from the group of polyamides, copolyamides, polyamide resins, polyetheramides, polyesteramides, polyamide hot melt adhesives, these polymeric fatty acids and / or monomeric fatty acids and / or dimeric fatty acids and / or trimeric fatty acids and / or dicarboxylic acids and / or
Contain dimer diamines and / or polyether diamines and / or long-chain amino carboxylic acids and / or lactams and / or primary linear alkylene diamines and / or linear alkylene diamines and / or branched chain alkylene diamines and / or heterocyclic secondary diamines and / or cycloaliphatic diamines and / or polyether polyols.

The polymeric fatty acids and / or monomeric fatty acids and / or dimeric fatty acids and / or trimeric fatty acids and / or dicarboxylic acids can be selected from tall oil fatty acid, linolenic acid, oleic acid, monomeric fatty acids with 12 to 22 carbon atoms, fatty acids with at least 2 primary amino groups, which Have 2 to 40 carbon atoms, diamino-terminated dimer fatty acids, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid, decanedicarboxylic acid, brassylic acid, tetradecanedioic acid, thapsic acid, octadecenoic acid dicarboxylic acid, maladonic acid and malic acid acid,

The polyether diamines can consist of aliphatic diamines having 2 to 40 carbon atoms.

The long chain aminocarboxylic acids can be selected from 11-aminoundecanoic acid, 9-aminononanoic acid, 10-aminodecanoic acid, 12-aminododecanoic acid, 11-aminoundecanoic acid and N-heptyl-11-aminoundecanoic acid.

The lactams can include, for example, lauryl lactam and caprolactam.

The primary linear alkylenediamines and / or branched-chain alkylenediamines and / or heterocyclic secondary diamines and / or cycloaliphatic diamines with 2 to 10 carbon atoms can, for example, ethylenediamine, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,4-diaminobutane, 2-methyl-1,5-pentanediamine , Piperazine and dipiperidylpropane and hexamethylenediamine.

Polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or polytetrahydrofuran which have primary amino end groups can be used as polyether polyols. The molecular weight of the polyether polyols with amino end groups can be between 700 g / mol and 3 500 g / mol or also between 1 200 g / mol and 2 500 g / mol.
Examples of amino-terminated polyether polyols are bis (3-aminopropyl) polytetrahydrofuran with a molecular weight between 700 g / mol and 3,500 g / mol or bis (2-aminopropyl) polyoxypropylene with a molecular weight between 1,200 g / mol and 2,500 g / mol.

Cycloaliphatic diamines can be selected from bis (3,5-dialkyl-4-aminocyclohexyl) methane, bis (3,5-dialkyl-4-aminocyclohexyl) ethane, bis (3,5-dialkyl-4-aminocyclohexyl) propane, bis ( 3,5-dialkyl-4-aminocyclohexyl) butane, bis (3-methyl-4-aminocyclohexyl) methane, p-bis (aminocyclohexyl) methane and isopropylidene di (cyclohexylamine).

Thermoplastic polyurethanes and / or polyurethane hotmelt adhesives are obtained by reacting aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic and / or araliphatic and / or aromatic isocyanates, such as, for example, tri, tetra, penta-, hexa-, hepta- and / or octamethylene diisocyanate, 2- Methyl-pentamethylene-1,5-diisocyanate, 2-ethyl-butylene-1,4-diisocyanate, pentamethylene-1,5-diisocyanate, butylene-1,4-diisocyanate, 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl- 5-isocyanatomethyl-cyclohexane, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 1,4-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane, 1,3-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane (HXDI), 2,4-p-phenylene diisocyanate (PPDI), 2,4-tetramethylene xylene diisocyanate (TMXDI), 4,4'-, 2,4'- and 2,2'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12 MDI), 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, 1-methyl 2,4- and / or 2,6-cyclohexane diisocyanate, 2,2'-, 2,4'- and / or 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate (NDI), 2 , 4- and / or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane diisoc yanate, 3,3'-dimethyl-diphenyl diisocyanate, 1,2-diphenylethane diisocyanate and / or phenylene diisocyanate, with a compound which has isocyanate-reactive groups and is selected from hydroxyl, mercapto, amino and carboxylic acid groups.
These compounds are, for example, polyester oils, polyether oils, polycarbonate diols, difunctional polyols, polyhydroxyl compounds, polycaprolactones, polyether polyols, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, polypropylene glycol, polytetrahydrofuran, copolyesters based on adipic acid, succinic acid, pentanedioic acid, sebacic acid or 1,2-ethanediol 4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 3-methyl-pentane-1,5-diol, polytetramethylene glycol and polytetrahydrofura.
These compounds can also include chain extenders, such as, for example, 1,2-ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6- Have hexanediol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol, 1,4-dimethanolcyclohexane and neopentyl glycol.

Acrylates, polyacrylates and acrylate copolymers have as monomers alkyl (meth) acrylates with alkyl and / or hydroxyalkyl groups which have 1 to 15 carbon atoms. Examples include methyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, ethylene-acrylic acid-butyl acrylate terpolymer and acrylic rubber.

Styrene-based polymers can include, in particular, styrene-block copolymers, comprising styrene-butadiene-styrene-triblock copolymers (SBS), styrene-isoprene-styrene-triblock copolymers (SIS), styrene- (isoprene-butadiene) -styrene-triblock copolymers (SIBS), styrene-isoprene Block copolymer (SI), styrene-isobutene-styrene triblock copolymers, styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene copolymers (SEBS), styrene-ethylene-butylene block copolymer (SEB), styrene (ethylene-propylene) block copolymers (SEP) , Styrene (ethylene-propylene) -styrene triblock copolymers (SEPS), styrene (ethylene-ethylene / propylene) -styrene triblock copolymers (SEEPS), hydrogenated and / or partially hydrogenated styrene-butadiene rubbers, hydrogenated and / or partially be hydrogenated styrene-isoprene rubbers.

Polyolefins can be Ziegler-Natta-catalyzed, metallocene-catalyzed, catalyzed with single-site technology, with coordination compounds which have transition metal and / or main group element and / or rare earth elements, catalyzed random, block-olefin copolymers, amorphous alpha Polyolefins, poly-alpha-olefins which, as alpha-olefinic monomers, propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 3-methyl-hexene, 3-methyl-1-heptene, 4 -Methyl-1-pentene, 6-methyl-1-heptene contain, amorphous alpha-olefin copolymers, amorphous alpha-polyolefins hot melt adhesives, amorphous alpha-olefin hot melt adhesives, olefin block copolymers, polyolefin elastomers, polybutene homo- and copolymers, isotactic Polypropylenes, isotactic homo-polypropylenes with a controlled degree of racemic defects, syndiotactic polypropylenes, propene-based elastomers, propylene-ethylene copolymers, polyolefin copolymers with ethylene acrylate and / or ethylene methacrylate and / or ethylene butyl acrylate ylate and / or ethylene-vinyl acetate and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers, polypropylene copolymers with a comonomer (C2, C4-C10 alpha-olefin, preferably ethylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-hexene , 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-octadecene, 1-eicosen), ethylene-based metallocene-catalyzed copolymers with C3-C8 alpha-olefin, Olefin block copolymers, atactic polypropylene, atactic poly (1-butene), poly (ethylene-co-propylene) copolymers, poly (ethylene-co-1-butene) copolymers, poly (propylene-co-1-butene) copolymers, Poly (propylene-co-3-methyl-1-butene) copolymers, poly (1-butene-co-3-methyl-1-butene) copolymers, poly (propylene-co-3-methyl-1-butene) Copolymers, poly (propylene-co-3-methyl-1-heptene) copolymers, poly (ethylene-co-propylene-co-butene) terpolymers, poly (ethylene-co-propylene-co-3-methyl-1-butene) ) Terpolymers.

Ionomers can be ionic ethylene copolymers which have, as comonomers, propylene, butylene, acrylic acid, acrylates, methacrylic acid and / or methacrylate, the acid groups in the ionic ethylene copolymers being partially neutralized with metal ions. Ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymers or ethylene-methacrylic acid-acrylate copolymers in which the acid groups are partially neutralized with metal ions, such as, for example, sodium, zinc, potassium, lithium, calcium or magnesium ions, are particularly preferred.

The polymer composition can be the first polymer material polyamides, copolyamides, polyamide resins, polyether amides, polyester amides, polyamide hot melt adhesives, thermoplastic polyurethanes, polyurethane hot melt adhesives, copolyesters, polyester hot melt adhesives, acrylates, polyacrylates, acrylate copolymers, polyethers, polylactones, styrene-based polymers, polyolefins, polyvinyl butyral Polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyoxazoline (poly (2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)) and ionomers contain, which with functional groups, such as hydroxy, amino, imino, imido, amido, carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid ester, carboxylic acid anhydride -, Imide, amide, oxazoline, epoxy, glycidyl groups or with mercaptan, carbamate, isocyanate, cyanate, amino-amide compounds, alcohols, silanes, silazanes, siloxanes, methacrylates, methyl methacrylates, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid , Glycidyl acrylic acid, glycidyl methacrylic acid, acrylic acid ester, methacrylic acid ester, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid , Itaconic acid, citraconic acid, aconitic acid, vinyl compounds, alkylaminoethyl (meth) acrylic acid, alkylaminopropyl (meth) acrylic acid, aminoalkyl compounds, alkenylene, quaternary ammonium groups, sulfonic acid, vinyl acetate groups.

The functional groups and / or compounds are introduced as reactive groups / compounds and / or in combination with protective groups which are split off at a higher temperature while unmasking the functional groups / compounds by grafting and / or by copolymerization and / or condensation and / or addition reaction and / or by radical reaction with and / or without catalyst.

It can prove to be extremely favorable in the present invention if the polymer composition is designed in such a way that the second polymer material is a polyamide, a copolyamide, a polyamide resin, a polyether amide, a polyester amide or a polyamide hot melt adhesive, which is caused by condensation and / or Ring opening polymerization can be obtained from amines and / or carboxylic acids and / or lactams.

The amines can be linear, branched, non-cyclic and cycloaliphatic C4-C18 hydrocarbon compounds with two primary amino groups, such as, for example, 2-methyl-1,5-diaminopentane, hexamethylenediamine, 1,8-diaminooctane, 2-methyl-1,8- Octane diamine, 1,9-diaminononane, 1,10-diaminodecane, 1,11-diaminoundecane, 1,12-diaminododecane, diaminocyclohexane, bis (4-amino-3-methyl-cyclohexyl) methane, bis (4-amino-cyclohexyl) methane , Bis (4-amino-3,5-dimethylcyclohexyl) methane, 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diamine, 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diamine, isophorone diamine, 3-aminomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexylamine, bis- (3- methyl-4-aminocyclohexyl) methane, 4,4'-bis (aminocyclohexyl) methane, 3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-bis (aminocyclohexyl) methane, and araliphatic and / or aromatic C6-C18 hydrocarbon compounds two primary amines such as m-xylylenediamine and p-xylylenediamine and phenylenediamine.

The carboxylic acids can be linear and / or branched aliphatic and acyclic C6-C14 hydrocarbon compounds with two carboxylic acid groups, such as, for example, 1,8-octanedioic acid, 1,10-decanedioic acid, 1,12-dodecanedioic acid, 1,14-tetradecanedioic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 2,5-furanedicarboxylic acid and aminocarboxylic acids.

The lactams can include saturated, monocyclic lactams having 6 to 16 carbon atoms such as ε-caprolactam, capryllactam, enanthlactam, laurolactam, valerolactam and caprolactam.

Examples of polyamides and / or copolyamides are PA 61, PA 6I / 6T, PA 6I / 6T / 6N, PA MXDI / 6I, PA MXDI / MXDT / 6I / 6T, PA MXDI / 12I, PA MXDI, PA MXDI / MXD6, PA MACM10, PA MACM12, PA MACM14, PA MACM18, PA NDT / INDT, PATMDC10, PATMDC12, PA TMDC14, PA TMDC18, PA PACM12, PA PACM14, PA PACM18, PA PACM10 / 11, PA PACM10 / 12, PA PACM12 / 612 , PA PACM12 / PACM14 / 612/614, PA MACMI / 12, PA MACMT / 12, PA MACMI / MACM12, PA MACMI / MACMN, PA MACMT / MACM12, PA MACMT / MACMN, PA MACM36, PA TMDC36, PA MACMI / MACM36 , PA 6I / MACMI / 12, PA MACMT / MACM36, PA MACMI / MACMT / 12, PA 6I / 6T / MACMI / MACMT, PA 6I / 6T / MACMI / MACMT / 12, PA MACM6 / 11, PA MACM6 / 12, PA MACM10 / 11, PAMACM10 / 12, PA MACM10 / 1010, PA MACM12 / 1012, PA MACM 12/1212, PA MACM14 / 1014, PA MACM 14/1214, PA MACM18 / 1018, PA 6I / 6T / MACMI / MACMT / MACM12 / 612 , PA 6I / 6T / MACMI / MACMT / MACM12, PA MACMI / MACMT / MACM12 / 12, PA MACMI / MACMT / MACM12, PA 6I / 6T / MACMI / MACMT / 12, PA 6I / 6T / 6N / MACMI / MACMT / MACMN, PATMDC12 / TMDCT / TMDC36, PA TMDC12 / TMDCI, PA TMDC12 / TMDCI / TMDC36, PA TMDC12 / TMDCT, PA MACM10 / PACM10, PA MACM12 / PACM12, PA MACM14 / PACM14, PA 6 [Polycaprolactam - ε-Caprolactam], PA 46, PA 49, PA 410, PA 411, PA 412, PA 413, PA 414, PA 415, PA 416, PA418, PA 436, PA 56, PA 510, PA 512, PA 514, PA 66 [Poly (hexamethylene adipamide ) Hexamethylene diamine + adipic acid], PA 69, PA 610 [poly (hexamethylene sebacamide) hexamethylene diamine + sebacic acid], PA 611, PA 612 [poly (hexamethylene dodecanamide), hexamethylene diamine + dodecanedioic acid], PA 613, PA 614, PA 615, PA 616, PA 617, PA 618, PA 1010, PA 66/6, PA 6/66/610, PA 6/66/12, PA 6/12, PA 11 [poly-11-aminoundecanamide (11-aminoundecanoic acid)], PA 12 [ Polylaurin lactam, (Po ly-ω-laurolactam)], PA 912, PA 1212, PA MXD6, PA MXD9, PA MXD10, PA MXD11, PA MXD12, PA MXD13, PA MXD14, PA MXD15, PA MXD16, PA MXD17, PA MXD18, PA MXD36, PA PACM9, PA PACM10, PA PACM11, PA PACM12, PA PACM13, PA PACM14, PA PACM15, PA PACM16, PA PACM17, PA PACM18, PA PACM36, PA 4T / 6T, PA 4T / 8T, PA 6T / 8T, PA 4T / MPMDT, PA 4T / 4I, PA 5T / 5I, PA 6T / 6I, PA6T (hexamethylenediamine HMD, terephthalic acid), PA 9T, PA 9T / MODT, PA 9T / 9I, PA 10T, PA 10T / 6T, PA 10T / 6T / 10I / 6I, PA 12T, PA MPMDT / 6T, PA 10T / 10I, PA 12T / 12I, PA 4T / 6T / 8T, PA 4T / 6T / 10T, PA 4T / 8T / 10T, PA6T / 8T / 10T , PA 4T / 6T / MPMDT, PA 6T / 6, PA 6T / 66, PA 4T / 66, PA 5T / 66, PA 6T / 6I / 6, PA 10T / 6T / 1012/612, PA 6 / 3T. With this measure, the polymer composition according to the invention can be adapted very precisely to the customer's specifications or to technical specifications with regard to the large selection of polyamide with regard to its technical properties and the adhesion properties of the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition formed from the polymer composition.

The second polymer material can be a styrene-based polymer selected from polystyrene, polystyrene copolymer, methyl (meth) acrylate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, acrylic ester-styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, alpha-methylstyrene-acrylonitrile Copolymer, styrene-methyl (meth) acrylate copolymer (SMMA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, styrene-methyl (meth) acrylate copolymer, ethylene-styrene interpolymers (ESI), styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers (SMA) , Styrene-maleimide copolymer (SMI), styrene-N-phenylmaleimide copolymer (SPMI) and methyl (meth) acrylate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (MABS).

The second polymer material can be a polyolefin selected from polyolefin homo-, polyolefin copolymer, cyclic polyolefin copolymer (COC, COP), polyalpha-olefin copolymer, polyolefin elastomer with monomodal and / or bimodal and / or multimodal molecular weight distribution.

Polyolefin copolymers can include ethylene-α-olefin copolymers, [α-olefins (C3-C18): propene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene], propylene α-olefin copolymers, [α-olefins (C2-C18): ethylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene 1-dodecene], ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers [ α-olefins (C3-C18): propene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene], ethylene-propylene copolymers, polyolefin homopolymers include low-density polyethylene (linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)), low density polyethylene (LDPE)) ultra low density polyethylene (ULDPE), linear low density polyethylene, made with metallocene catalysts (metallocene linear low density polyethylene (mLLDPE )), Very low density polyethylene (VLDPE), low molecular weight polyethylene (LMWPE), middle density pol yethylene (MDPE)), ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), high molecular weight polyethylene, long chain branched and chemically modified polyethylene, high melt strength polypropylene ( PP-HMS)), polypropylene (PP), polyolefin elastomers, polybutadiene, heterophasic propylene copolymer, propylene homopolymer (isotactic, syndiotactic, atactic and mixed forms), impact-modified polypropylene, polypropylene with nucleating agent, chemically modified polypropylene, branched or short polypropylene long side chains (long or short chain branching), polypropylene catalyzed with Ziegler-Natta and / or metallocene and / or transition metal and / or rare earth coordination compounds and / or single-site transition metal and / or rare earth coordination compounds, propylene homopolyme r and / or propylene-ethylene copolymer, suitable for the production of biaxially oriented BOPP films, polybutylene homo- and / or polybutylene copolymers, cyclic polyolefin copolymers (COC, COP).

The second polymer material can be an elastomer / rubber selected from acrylonitrile elastomer (ACM), cis 1,4-polybutadiene, chloroprene, neoprene rubber (CR), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM), ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM), Ethylene propylene elastomer (EPM), Fluoroelastomer (FKM), ethylene acrylic polymer (AEM), acrylonitrile butadiene elastomer (NBR), hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR), natural rubber (NR), chlorinated polyethylene, (PE-C), polyurethane (PU ), Polyester urethane (AU), polyether urethane (EU), polyacrylate rubber (ACM), butadiene rubber (BR), isoprene rubber (IR), polyblend made of nitrile rubber with polyvinyl chloride (NBR / PVC), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), styrene-butadiene Rubber (SSBR), emulsion-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber (ESBR), bromobutyl rubber (BIIR), chlorobutyl rubber (CIIR), butadiene rubber (BR), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM), epichlorohydrin rubber (ECO, CO, ETER), ethylene rubber Vinyl acetate rubber (EVA), silicone rubber (MQ, VMQ, PVMQ, FVMQ), fluorinated methyl silicone rubber (MFQ), perfluorinated propylene rubber (FFPM), perfluorocarbon rubber (FFKM), polynorbic rubber (PNR), trans-polyoctenamer rubber TOR), cross-linked thermoplastic elastomers based on olefins (TPV), T Thermoplastic elastomers based on olefin (TPO), thermoplastic elastomers based on urethane (TPU), thermoplastic polyester elastomers (TPE-E), styrene block copolymers (TPE-S e.g. SBS, SEBS, SEPS, SEEPS and MBS), thermoplastic copolyamides (TPE-A ), his.

The second polymer material can be a biopolymer and / or a polymer made from renewable raw materials. For example, polyhydroxyalkanoate PHA, polyglycerol sebacate PGS, poly (ethylene-2,5-furanedicarboxylate) PEF, polyhydroxybutyrate PHB, poly (butylene succinate) PBS, polysaccharide, polygluconic acid PGA, cellulose polymers and polylactic acid are suitable for this.

The second polymeric material can be a fluoropolymer selected from fluoropolymers, fluoropolymers, fluorine-containing polyurethanes and chemically modified fluoropolymers. For example, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer (ECTFE), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropene vinylidene fluoride are used Copolymer (THV), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), chemically modified and / or functionalized fluoropolymer (maleic anhydride, aconitic anhydride, itaconic anhydride or acrylic acid or silane compounds)

The second polymer material can be present in its starting form and / or modified with at least one functional group by grafting and / or by copolymerization and / or condensation and / or addition reaction and / or by radical reaction with and / or without catalyst.

The functional group can be selected from hydroxy, amino, imino, imido, amido, carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid ester, carboxylic anhydride, imide, amide, oxazoline, epoxy, glycidyl group, mercaptan, carbamate, isocyanate , Cyanate, amino-amide compound, alcohol, silane, silyl, alkoxysilyl group, silazane, siloxane, methacrylate, methyl (meth) acrylate, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, glycidyl acrylic acid, glycidyl methacrylic acid, acrylic acid ester, methacrylic acid ester, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, citric acid, fumaric acid, fumaric acid, fumaric acid, Aconitic acid, vinyl compound, alkylaminoethyl (meth) acrylic acid, alkylaminopropyl (meth) acrylic acid, aminoalkyl compounds, alkenylene, quaternary ammonium groups, sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid, vinyl acetate groups and ionic groups such as carboxylate , Sulfonate and phosphonate group.

In a very advantageous further development of the present invention it can be provided that the polymer composition is designed such that the two different constituents forming the foam-forming agent are selected from the group comprising
organic acids and / or organic acid derivatives,
organic carbonates and / or hydrogen carbonates,
nitrogenous compounds,
hydrocarbons,
Halocarbons,
oxygen-containing compounds,
Hydrogen sulphates,
Ammonium compounds,
petroleum ether,
silanes
and
a micro hollow body which is loaded with at least one foaming agent.

Organic acids and / or organic acid derivatives selected from oxalic acid, alkali metal salts of oxalic acid, oxalic acid esters, succinic acid, alkali metal salts of succinic acid, succinic acid esters, adipic acid, alkali metal salts of adipic acid, adipic acid acid, citric acid citric acid, citric acid citric acid citric acid citric acid citric acid Monoethyl citrate, monopropyl citrate, monoisopropyl citrate, mono-n-butyl citrate, mono-tert-butyl citrate).
To form the ester compounds of the organic acids and / or organic acid derivatives, the alcohols are methanol, ethanol, propanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, iso-butanol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, n-pentanol, n-pentan-2-ol , n-pentan-3-ol, n-hexan-3-ol, n-heptan-1-ol, n-heptan-2-ol, n- Heptan-3-ol, n-heptan-4-ol, n-octan-1-ol, n-octan-2-ol, n-octan-3-ol, n-octan-4-ol, cyclopentanol, cyclohexanol, Ethylene glycol, glycerol, pentaerythritol, polyethylene glycol (diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol) are used.

Organic carbonates and bicarbonates such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, glycerol carbonate, chloroethylene carbonate, alpha-chloropropene carbonate, succinylglycerol carbonate, maleylglycerol carbonate, phthalylglycerol carbonate, itaconylglycerol carbonate, inorganic carbonates and sodium bicarbonates can be used as the constituent forming foam.

Nitrogen-containing compounds, such as azo compounds (azoisobutyronitrile, azodicarbonamide, bariumazodicarboxylate, azocyclohexylnitrile, diisopropylazodicarboxylate, azodiaminobenzene), hydrazines (diphenylsulfon-3,3'-disulfohydrazidyl, bis'-disulfohydrazyl, trisulfonazidylbis, sulfonylhydrazide), benzene-4-sulfonylhydrazide, toluene-4-sulfonylhydrazide, 1,4-xylylol-sulfonyl-hydrazide, benzene-1,3-disulfohydrazide), semicarbazides (p-toluenesulfonylsemicarbazide, p-toluenesemicarbyazide, 4,4'-oxoxide - (benz-1,5-olsulfonylsemicarbazide), 4,4'-diphenyldisulfonyl azide), triazoles (5-morpholyl-1,2,3,4-thiatriazole, 5-phenyltetrazole and N-nitroso compounds (dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine, N, N -Dimethyl-N, N'-dinitrosoterephthalamid, Dinitrosoterephthalamid) can be used.

Hydrocarbons having 1 to 12 carbon atoms can be used as the foam-forming component. These are selected from linear, branched or cyclic alkanes. Cyclo-, iso- and neo-pentane, ethane, ethylene, propane, cyclopropane, propylene, n-butane, isobutane, cyclobutane, 2,2-dimethylbutane, isobutylene, isobutene, 2-methylpentane, n-pentane, n-hexane are preferred , Isohexane, cyclohexane, 2,3-dimethylhexane, heptane, cycloheptane used.

Halogenated hydrocarbons and in particular fluorocarbons, such as, for example, HFC 245fa, HFC 134a, HFC 365mfc, HFO-1234zeE, HFO-1234yf, HFO-1336mzzZ, HFO-1336mzzE, HCFC 141b, HFO-1233zd-E, or perfluorinated derivatives of methane, ethane, propane, butane, iso-butane, n-pentane, cyclopentane, hexane, iso-hexane, 2,3-dimethylbutane, cyclohexane, chlorofluorocarbons (CCI3F, CCI2F2, CCIF3, CCIF2-CCIF2) and chlorinated hydrocarbons (1,2-dichloroethane) can be used.

Oxygen-containing compounds such as methyl formate and dimethoxymethane can be used as the foam-forming component.

Silanes such as tetraalkylsilane, tetramethylsilane, trimethylethylsilane, trimethylisopropylsilane and trimethyln-propylsilane can be used as the constituent forming foam.

Micro-hollow bodies which are loaded with at least one foaming agent can be used as the foam-forming component.

The hollow micro-body loaded with at least one foaming agent can be micro-porous and / or nanoporous.

The hollow micro-body loaded with at least one foaming agent can have a closed-cell and / or open-cell and / or porous and / or cage-shaped shell.

The micro hollow body loaded with at least one foaming agent can be in a spherical and / or cuboid and / or elliptical and / or cubic and / or cylindrical shape.

The hollow micro-body loaded with at least one foaming agent can, however, also be in the form of a fiber in the form of a bundle and / or ball of nanofibers and / or in the form of an expandable thermoplastic polymer particle.

The hollow hollow body loaded with at least one foaming agent can be selected from zeolites and / or mesoporous silicates and / or hollow glass spheres and / or silicate particles and / or aerosils and / or aerogels and / or hollow glass foams and / or hollow ceramic spheres and / or cellulose fibers and / or wood fibers and / or polymeric hollow fibers and / or micro hollow bodies, consisting of an elastomer and / or a thermoplastic polymer and / or copolymer, which is uncrosslinked and / or partially crosslinked.

The expandable thermoplastic polymer particles (EPS, EPP, ETPU) can be made from styrene polymer, hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymers, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), SEBS-cop polyolefin, Polyethylene, EVA, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer, polyolefin block copolymer, styrene-modified TPU particles, comb, graft or TPU copolymers with hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 1,2- Dihydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 1,3-dihydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate; Glycidyl (meth) acrylate, ortho-hydroxystyrene; meta-hydroxystyrene, para-hydroxystyrene, meta-aminostyrene, para-aminostyrene, (meth) acrylamide, 1,4-butenediol, 1,4-butynediol, polybutadiene diol exist as comonomer.

The shell of the micro hollow body loaded with at least one foaming agent can be single or multi-layered.

The shells of the shell of the microholder loaded with at least one foaming agent can consist of elastomers and / or thermoplastic polymers and / or copolymers which are uncrosslinked and / or partially crosslinked.

The individual shells of the shell can completely surround the interior of the hollow micro-body so that there is a closed-cell cavity and / or an open-cell surface structure in the form of a network, form a porous and / or micro- and / or nanoporous surface and / or only partially and / or cover in sections and / or in segments and / or at points. Mixed forms of this are also possible.

One of the shells can be, for example, a coating and / or a polymer film with and / or without additives, which heat up under the action of microwave radiation and / or electromagnetic radiation and / or radiation in the radio frequency range.
The shell of the hollow micro-body loaded with at least one foaming agent can, under the influence of temperature and / or microwave radiation and / or electromagnetic radiation and / or radiation in the radio frequency range, partially and / or completely collapse and / or expand and / or become porous and / or burst and / or burst and / or decompose.

The individual shells of the shell, which enclose the interior of the hollow micro-body, can contain functional groups selected from hydroxy and / or amino and / or imino and / or imido and / or amido and / or carboxyl and / or urethdione and / or esters and / or sulfonyl and / or anhydride and / or aceto and / or acrylic and / or phosphonyl and / or epoxy and / or silyl group and / or can be combined with constituents which microwave radiation and / or can absorb electromagnetic radiation and / or radiation in the radio frequency range.

The individual shells of the shell of the microholder loaded with at least one foaming agent, which consist of elastomers and / or thermoplastic polymers and / or copolymers, which can be uncrosslinked and / or partially crosslinked, can be produced by suspension and / or emulsion polymerization.
Nitrile monomers, vinyl monomers, olefins, (meth) acrylates, acrylic acid derivatives, styrene derivatives, acrylamides and crosslinking components can be used as monomers in the suspension and / or emulsion polymerization.

The nitrile monomers can be selected from acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, α-chloroacrylonitrile, α-ethoxyacrylonitrile, fumaronitrile and crotonitrile.

The vinyl monomers can be selected from vinyl chloride, vinyl bromide, vinyl fluoride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl esters, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, and the vinyl ethers can be selected from vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether, vinyl isobutyl ether. The vinyl ketone can be selected from vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl hexyl ketone, methyl isopropenyl ketone, and the N-vinyl monomers can be selected from N-vinyl pyrrole, N-vinyl carbazole, N-vinyl indole and N-vinyl pyrolidone.

The olefins can be selected from ethylene, propene, butene, isobutene.

The (meth) acrylates can be selected from methacrylate, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth ) acrylate, n-octyl (meth) acrylate, dodecyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate), stearyl (meth) acrylate, 2-chloroethyl (meth) acrylate, phenyl (meth) acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate, β-carboxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, glycidyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, 2- Hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl acrylate, N, N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, N, N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylate, magnesium mono (meth) acrylate and zinc mono (meth) acrylate.

The acrylic acid derivatives can be selected from methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, citraconic acid, succinic acid and their metal salts (Na, K, Li, Mg, Ca, Zn).

The styrene derivatives can be selected from styrene, α-methylstyrene, chlorostyrene, ortho-methylstyrene, meta-methylstyrene, para-methylstyrene, para-ethylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, para- (n-butyl) styrene, para (tert-butylstyrene) ), para (n-hexylstyrene), para (n-octylstyrene), para (n-nonylstyrene), para (n-decylstyrene), para (n-dodecylstyrene), n-methoxystyrene, para-phenylstyrene, para-chlorostyrene and 3,4-dichlorostyrene.

The acrylamides can be selected from substituted acrylamides, methacrylamide, substituted methacrylamides, maleimides, N-phenyl-maleimides, N- (2-chlorophenyl) -maleimides, N-cyclohexyl-maleimides, N-laurylmaleimides, N-methylol (meth) acrylamides and N, N-diethyl (meth) acrylamides,

The crosslinking component can be selected from aromatic divinyl compounds, divinylbenzene, di (meth) acrylate, allyl (meth) acrylate, triacryl formal, triallyl isocyanurate, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,4-butanediol diol (meth) acrylate, 1,9-nonanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,10-decanediol di (meth) acrylate, PEG (200) di (meth) acrylate, PEG (400) di (meth) acrylate, PEG (600) di (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, glycerol di (meth) acrylate, dimethyloltricyclodecane di (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate and 2-butyl-2-ethyl -1,3-propanediol di (meth) acrylate.

It is possible in this way to foam the polymer composition from the polymer composition according to the invention by foaming, the constituents of the polymer composition forming the foaming agent releasing gas, and thus to easily form the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition of the present invention. Compared to the polymer composition according to the invention, this has a lower density, which can be varied within wide limits.

It can prove to be very practical in the further development of the present invention if it is provided that the polymer composition is designed in such a way that the additive is selected from the group comprising
Conductivity additives,
Fillers and reinforcing materials,
Foam stabilizers,
Foaming accelerator,
Laser additives
substances absorbing electromagnetic radiation from a magnetic field, substances absorbing electromagnetic radiation from microwave radiation,
peroxides,
Crosslinking boosters,
Heat stabilizers,
nucleating agent,
Light stabilizers, in particular UV stabilizers and / or UV absorbers and / or UV blockers,
Pigments and / or dyes,
antistatic agents,
biocides,
fungicides,
azides,
Flame retardants,
plasticizers,
impact modifiers,
Tackifier or tackifier,
waxes
and lubricants.

By means of this measure, the polymer composition according to the invention can be reinforced, stabilized, colored and otherwise equipped within wide limits in order to optimally adapt its properties to the intended use.

In the context of the present invention, it can prove to be extremely favorable if it is provided that the polymer composition is composed such that the first polymer material is 10 to 97.5% by weight, the second polymer material is 1 to 65% by weight. , the foaming agent to 1 to 15 wt .-% and the additive to 0.5 to 10 wt .-%, the sum of the proportions of the first polymer material, second polymer material, foaming agent and additive is 100 wt .-%.

The conductivity additives used as additives can be selected from lithium ion compounds comprising lithium perchlorate (LiClO ₄ ), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF ₆ ), lithium hexafluoroarsenate (LiAsF ₆ ), lithium iodide (Lil), lithium bromide (LiBr), lithium thiocyanate (LiSCN), lithium nitrate (LiNO ₃ ) , Lithium bis (oxalato) borate (LiB (C ₂ O ₄ ) ₂ ), lithium difluoro (oxalato) borate (LiBF ₂ (C ₂ O ₄ )), lithium tris (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) methanide LiC (SO ₂ CF ₃ ) ₃ and lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiSO ₃ CF ₃ ), lithium imide compounds, such as, for example, lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide (SO ₂ F) ₂ N ^- (Li ⁺ ), lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide LiN (SO ₂ CF ₃ ) ₂ , lithium bis (perfluoroethanesulfonyl) imide LiN (SO ₂ C ₂ F ₅ ) ₂ , lithium (trifluoromethanesulfonyl perfluoroethanesulfonyl) imide (C ₂ F ₅ SO ₂ ) N ^- (Li ⁺ ) (SO ₂ CF ₃ )
5-lithium sulfo-isophthalic acid, lithium 3,5-diiodo-2-hydroxybenzoate, lithium 3,5-diiodosalicylate, lithium beta-hydroxypyruvate, dilithium carbamoyl phosphate, lithium p-toluenesulfinate,
Lithiumphosphoroxynitrid,
Lithium sulfides and / or sulfur-containing lithium compounds, for example lithium sulfides Li ₂ S, Li _m P _n S _p I _q , mixtures of (Li ₂ S) :( P ₂ S ₅ ) with Lil; [(Li ₂ S) :( P ₂ S ₅ )]: Lil, Li ₂ S-Ga ₂ S ₃ -GeS ₂ , lithium silicon sulfide (LSS) Li ₂ SSiS ₂ , Li-SiS ₂ , LiSSi, Li _x Si _y S _z (0.33 <x <0.5; 0.1 <y <0.2; 0.4 <z <0.55), mixtures of Li ₂ S and SiS ₂ ; LSS can be doped with compounds such as Li _x PO _y , Li _x BO _y , Li ₄ SiO ₄ , Li ₃ MO ₄ , Li ₃ MO ₃ , PS _x , Lil, LiCI, LiF, LiBr, 0 <x <5, 0 <y <5, lithium tin sulfide (LTS) Li ₂ S-SnS ₂ , Li ₂ S-SnS, Li-S-Sn, Li _x Sn _y S _z (0.25 <x <0.65; 0 , 05 <y <0.2; 0.25 <z <0.65), Li _a Si _b Sn _c P _d S _e O _f , Li _g AS _h Sn _j S _k O _l,; Li ₁₀ Si _0.5 Sn _0.5 P ₂ S ₁₂ ; Li _7.4 P _1.6 S _7.2 I; Mixture of Li ₂ S and SnS ₂ . LTS compounds can be doped with Bi, Sb, As, P, B, Al, Ge, Ga, In, lithium phosphorus sulfide (LXPS) Li _x P _y S _z (0.33 <x <0.67; 0.07 <y <0.2; 0.4 <z <0.55) or the general form Li _a MP _b S _c with doping partner M (M = Si, Ge, Sn, As, Al, 2 <a <8; 0.5 <b <2.5; 4 <c <12), for example Li _7.4 P _1.6 S _7.2 I, Li ₁₀ SnP ₂ S ₁₂ (LSPS), Li _7.4 P _1.6 S _7.2 I, Li ₂ P: P ₂ S ₅ , Li _a Si _b Sn _c P _d S _e O _f (2 <a <8 ; b + c = 1; 0.5 <d <2.5; 4 <e <12; 0 <f <10), Li _g AS _h Sn _j S _k O _l (2 <g <6; 0 <h <1; 0 <j <1; 2 <k <6; 0 <l <10), Li _m P _n S _p I _q (2 <m <6; 0 <n <1; 0 <p <1; 2 <q <6), Li ₁₀ GeP ₂ S ₁₂ , Li _3.25 Ge _0.25 P _0.75 S ₄ , Li ₇ P ₃ S ₁₁ , (Li ₂ S: P ₂ S ₅ ): Lil, 2 ( Li ₂ S: P ₂ S ₅ ): Lil, 3 (Li ₂ S: P ₂ S ₅ ): Lil, mixtures of (Li ₂ S): (P ₂ S ₅ ) in a molar ratio between 10: 1 and 6: 4,
Lithium oxides, such as
Lithium-nickel-cobalt-aluminum oxides, LiNi _0.8 Co _0.15 Al _0.05 O ₂ (NCA)
Lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide, LiNi _0.8 Mn _0.1 Co _0.1 O ₂ (NMC811)
Lithium manganese oxide, LiMn ₂ O ₄
Lithium manganese nickel oxide, LiMn _1.5 Ni _0.5 O ₄
Lithium cobalt oxide, LiCoO ₂ , LiNi _x Co _1-x O ₂ [0 <x <1],
Lithium titanium oxide (LTO) / lithium titanate, LiTiO _x , Li ₄ Ti ₅ O ₁₂ , or carbon-coated Li ₄ Ti ₅ O ₁₂ powder (NANOMYTE ^® BE-10C)
Lithium aluminum oxide, LiAlO _x
Lithium-lanthanum-zirconium oxide and lithium-containing oxides with a garnet structure Li _u La _v Zr _x O _y zAl ₂ O ₃ (4 <u <10; 2 <v <4; 1 <x <3; 10 <y <14, 0 <z <1), for example Li _6.75-7.1 La ₃ Zr ₂ O ₁₂ 0.5Al ₂ O ₃ and Li _6.4-7.7 La ₃ Zr ₂ O ₁₂ 0.11 Al ₂ O ₃ , lithium phosphate compounds, such as lithium Titanium phosphate, LiTiPO ₄ ,
Lithium aluminum titanium phosphate, LiAl _x Ti _y PO ₄ (LATP) or LATP-coated LiMn _1.5 Ni _0.5 O ₄ , Li ₂ S-SiS ₂ -Li ₃ PO ₄ , Li _1.3 Al _0.3 Ti _{1 , 7} (PO ₄ ) ₃ , LiFePO ₄ , Li (Fe _x Mn _1-x ) PO ₄ (0 <x <1).

The lithium-containing compounds can be present as particles with an average particle diameter of less than 60 μm or between 10 and 500 nm.

In some cases, the particles of lithium-containing compounds with an outer layer of metal oxide compounds and / or metal nitride compounds and / or metal halide compounds and / or metal carbide compounds and / or metal phosphate compounds and / or metal sulfide compounds and / or Metal fluoride compounds and / or coatings composed of organic and / or oligomeric and / or polymeric constituents and / or ionic liquids and / or carbon modifications and / or silicates and / or sols and / or gels and / or silane-containing compounds and / or isocyanate-containing compounds and / or mixtures thereof.

The fillers and reinforcing materials used as additives can be selected from inorganic fillers, nanofillers, layered silicates, polymer fibers in the form of natural fibers and / or synthetic fibers and / or inorganic fibers.

The inorganic fillers can include: chalk, talc, kaolin, pyrophyllite, sericite, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium dioxide, wollastonite, calcium carbonate, aerosils, aerographites, zeolites, metal oxide particles, silicates, feldspar, hollow glass spheres, ceramic hollow spheres, microfiber beads, carbon , Glass fibers, whiskers (magnesium sulfate whiskers, calcium titanate whiskers, aluminum borate whiskers), sepiolite, PM (processed mineral fiber), xonotolite, potassium titanate, ellestadite, ceramic particles, carbon black, graphite and expanded graphite.

The nanofillers can comprise: doped and / or undoped metal oxides and / or metal nitrides and / or metal carbides and / or layered silicates and / or aerosils and / or aerogels and / or zeolites and / or silsesquioxanes and / or carbon nanoparticles and / or aerographites.

Doped metal oxides are, for example, In ₂ O ₃ : Sn, ZnO: F, ZnO: Al, SnO ₂ : F, ZnO: Ga, ZnO: B, SnO ₂ : Sb and ZnO: In.

As nanoscale metal oxides, for example, spherulitic metal oxide particles and / or monodisperse metal oxide nanoparticles and / or nanoscale metal oxide fibers and / or nanoscale ceramic whiskers can be used.
The nanofillers used can be hydrophilic and / or hydrophobic.
The aerosils and / or aerogels can consist of silicates and / or titanium dioxide and / or zirconium dioxide and / or dialuminium trioxide.
Suitable monodisperse metal oxide nanoparticles are those which consist of RSi (OR ') ₃ and / or RR "Si (OR') ₂ and / or R ₂ Si (OR ') ₂ and / or Ti (OR) ₄ and / or Zr (OR) ₄ and / or Al (OR) ₃ and / or mixtures thereof are formed.
Nanoscale metal oxide fibers and / or nanoscale ceramic whiskers can contain titanium dioxide, TiO ₂ (rutile and / or anatase and / or brookite modification) and / or zirconium dioxide, ZrO ₂ and / or dialuminium trioxide, Al ₂ O ₃ .
Mixed oxides selected from Al ₂ O ₃ and / or TiO ₂ and / or ZrO ₂ and / or Y ₂ O ₃ and / or B ₂ O ₃ and / or SiO ₂ and / or FeO can be used as nanoscale metal oxide fibers and / or nanoscale ceramic whiskers and / or Fe ₂ O ₃ and / or Na ₂ O and / or CaO and / or MgO and / or K ₂ O can be used.
The nanoscale metal oxide fibers and / or nanoscale ceramic whiskers can be present individually and / or in bundles, the fiber length being 50 nm to 2 cm, the outside diameter 1 nm to 500 nm and the length / thickness ratio being greater than 20.

The layered silicates can be selected from smectite layered silicates of the montmorillonite or beidellite series, comprising montmorillonite Na _0.33 { (Al _1.67 Mg _0.33 ) (OH) ₂ [Si ₄ O ₁₀ ]} and / or beidellite (Ca, Na) _0.3 {Al ₂ (OH) ₂ [Al _0.5 Si _3.5 O ₁₀ ]} and / or nontronite Na _0.33 {Fe ₂ (OH) ₂ [Al _0.33 Si _3.67 O ₁₀ ]} and / or saponite (Ca, Na) _0.33 {(Mg, Fe) ₃ (OH) ₂ [Al _0.33 Si _3.67 O _10]) and / or hectorite Na _{0, 33} {Mg, Li) ₃ (OH, F) ₂ [Si ₄ O _10]} and / or illites and / or exfoliated layered silicates and / or organoclays and / or mixtures thereof.

The carbon nanoparticles can be selected from graphene and / or diamond nanoparticles and / or diamondanes (tri- to dodecadiamantane), which are functionalized and / or used in their original form, and / or exfoliated graphites and / or oxidized exfoliated graphite and / or aerographites and / or carbon nanotubes and / or carbon nanofibers (VGCF, vapor grown carbon fiber) and / or fullerenes and / or mixtures thereof.
Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and / or multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and / or mixtures thereof can be used as carbon nanotubes.
The single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) advantageously have an outer diameter of 0.6 to 2 nm, a fiber length of 0.1 to 50 µm and a length / thickness ratio greater than 100. In the case of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and / or carbon nanofibers, the outer diameter is 1 to 1,000 nm, the inner diameter is 5 to 100 nm, the fiber length is 1 µm and 2,000 µm and the length / thickness ratio is greater than 10. The carbon nanotubes and / or carbon nanofibers can be individually or in bundles.

Coarse fibers (> 7 dtex) and / or medium-fine fibers (2.4 - 7 dtex) and / or fine fibers (1.0 - 0.4 dtex) and / or microfibers () can be used as polymer fibers in the form of natural fibers and / or synthetic fibers. 0.1-1dtex) and / or nanofibers and / or whiskers and / or electron beam spun fibers and / or hot melt adhesive fibers and / or shrink fibers and / or hollow fibers and / or composite fibers and / or conductive fibers and / or bicomponent fibers and / or heterofilament fibers. Bicomponent fibers and / or heterofilament fibers can be, for example, of the s / S-biko type with different polymers in the longitudinal course of the fiber and / or the filament or of the m / K or C / C type with a sheath / core or cover / core Structure consisting of a low melting jacket and a thermally resistant core.
The second polymer material can be spun in bicomponent fibers and / or heterofilament fibers, for example in the form of spindle-shaped fibrils along the fiber axis (island of the sea arrangement).
The polymer fibers can be used as individual fibers and / or individual capillaries and / or as fiber bundles and / or as filament yarn and / or as yarn made of continuous staple fibers and / or as multifilaments and / or as staple fibers and / or as short fibers and / or as continuous fibers and / or as long fibers and / or as superfine microfibers and / or as nanofibers and / or as nonwovens and / or as braids and / or as fabrics and / or as unidirectional tapes or scrims.

The polymer fibers can be produced in the wet spun fiber and / or dry spun fiber and / or melt spun fiber and / or in the electrospinning process.
The properties of the polymer fibers can be modified by post-treatment. This is done, for example, by stretching and / or by texturing and / or by heat setting and / or by electron beam curing and / or by UV curing and / or by surface modification and / or by functionalization and / or by applying coatings, such as nano-coating, and / or by plasma treatment and / or by applying bionic structures.

Polymer fibers in the form of natural fibers can include, for example, hemp, sisal, jute, cotton, flax, wood and regenerated cellulose fiber.

Polymer fibers in the form of synthetic fibers can be selected from aramid fibers, for example consisting of poly (para-phenylene-terephthalamide) and / or poly (metaphenylene-terephthalamide) and / or poly (para-phenylene-terephthalamide-co-3,4-oxodiphenylene terephthalamide) , and / or PBO fibers made of poly (para-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) and / or PANOX fibers, made from preoxidized polyacrylonitrile by pyrolytic carbonization of modified acrylonitrile fibers, and / or high-performance fibers made from ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene linear polymers and / or Melamine fibers made of thermosetting aminoplast resins and / or novoloid fibers made of crosslinked phenol-formaldehyde polymers and / or modacrylic fibers, which are fibers which consist of polymers with 35-85% acrylonitrile units, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride and vinyl bromide being used as comonomers, and / or chlorofibers, the polymer chains of which consist of more than 50% vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride n, and / or polyvinyl alcohol and / or EVOH fibers, polyolefin fibers (in the form of polyethylene fibers [HD-PE, LD-PE fibers] and polypropylene fibers) and / or polyacrylonitrile fibers (PAN) and / or Cellulose-silica hybrid fibers which are produced in a modified viscose spinning process and contain 30-50% SiO ₂ in the form of polymeric silica in addition to the cellulose, and / or fibers which are made of polyamideimide and / or
from polyphenylene sulfide PPS and / or from polyether ketones, such as for example PEEK PEK, PEKK, PEEK / CF hybrid yarns, and / or from poly (diimidazole pyridinylene) and / or from polybenzimidazole and / or from poly [2,2 '- (m- phenylene) -5,5'-bisbenzimidazole] and / or from polyimide and / or from crosslinked and / or from uncrosslinked thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and / or from acrylic acid and / or from crosslinked and / or from uncrosslinked polyolefins and / or from polyesters and / or from copolyesters, such as, for example, PBT and PTMT filaments (polytrimethylene terephthalate), PET bicomponent fibers, PET hot-melt adhesive fibers, flame-retardant PET fibers, PET shrink fibers, PET hollow fibers, PET microfibers, PET bikofibers, which are made of polystyrene Matrix and a variety of PET fibrils embedded in it, and / or made of polystyrene and / or polyamides.

• Borfasern, Glasfasern, Kohlenstofffasern, Kieselsäurefasern, Keramikfasern, Basaltfasern, Kaliumtitanatfasern, Siliciumvcarbidfasern, Aluminiumoxidfasern, Aluminiumsilikatfasern, Bornitridfasern, Siliciumcarbid-Siliciumnitrid-Fasern, Siliciumnitirdfasern und Phosphatfasern.

Polymer fibers in the form of inorganic fibers can include:

• Boron fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, silica fibers, ceramic fibers, basalt fibers, potassium titanate fibers, silicon carbide fibers, aluminum oxide fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, boron nitride fibers, silicon carbide-silicon nitride fibers, silicon nitride fibers and phosphate fibers.

Foam stabilizers which prevent slowing of cell aging and / or coalescence of foam cells can also be used as additives.

• perfluorierten Kohlenwasserstoffen und / oder
• Fluorkohlenwasserstoffen und / oder
• Fluorolefinen mit der allgemeinen Formel R_f-CH=CH₂ und / oder Fluoralkoholen mit der allgemeinen Formel R_f-CH₂-CH₂-OH und / oder Fluoralkylacrylat R_f-CH₂-CH₂-OOCCH=CH₂ und / oder Fluoralkylmethacrylat R_f-CH₂-CH₂-OOCC(CH₃)=CH₂ und / oder Ethern mit einem oder zwei perfluorierten Resten der allgemeinen Formel R-O-Rf und / oder Rf-O-CF=CF2 und / oder
• perfluorierten Ketonen der allgemeinen Formel R¹f-CO-R²f mit zwei perfluorierten Resten R¹f und R²f, beispielsweise 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-Nonafluor-4-(trifluormethyl)-3-pentanon, und / oder
• Silanen und / oder
• Siloxanen und / oder
• Silicon-Tensiden.

The foam stabilizers can be selected from:

• perfluorinated hydrocarbons and / or
• Fluorocarbons and / or
• Fluoroolefins with the general formula R _f -CH = CH ₂ and / or fluoroalcohols with the general formula R _f -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -OH and / or fluoroalkyl acrylate R _f -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -OOCCH = CH ₂ and / or Fluoroalkyl methacrylate R _f -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -OOCC (CH ₃ ) = CH ₂ and / or ethers with one or two perfluorinated radicals of the general formula RO-Rf and / or Rf-O-CF = CF2 and / or
• perfluorinated ketones of the general formula R ¹ f -CO-R ² f with two perfluorinated radicals R ¹ f and R ² f, for example 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4- ( trifluoromethyl) -3-pentanone, and / or
• Silanes and / or
• Siloxanes and / or
• Silicone surfactants.

Perfluorinated hydrocarbons and / or fluorohydrocarbons which can be used are perfluoropentane, perfluorohexane, perfluorocyclohexane, perfluoroheptane, perfluorooctane, perfluorinated dimers and / or oligomers and / or polymers based on decafluoropentene, dodecafluorhexene, tetradecafluor.3,3,1,1,2,2,3,3, 1,1,2 Hexafluoropropene, 1,1,1,2,3,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4- (trifluoromethyl) pent-2-ene, 1,1,1,3,4,4,5,5,5 -Nonafluoro-2- (trifluoromethyl) pent-2-ene, hexafluorobutene, octafluoropentene, decafluorohexene, dodecafluoroheptene, tetradecafluoroctene can be used.

Fluoroolefins with the general formula R _f -CH = CH ₂ and / or fluoroalcohols with the general formula R _f -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -OH and / or fluoroalkyl acrylate R _f -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -OOCCH = CH ₂ and / or Fluoroalkyl methacrylate R _f -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -OOCC (CH ₃ ) = CH ₂ can be a monovalent, perfluorinated, saturated organic radical, preferably -CF ₃ , -C ₂ F ₅ , -C ₃ F ₇ , -C ₄ F ₉ , -C ₅ F ₁₁ , -C ₆ F ₁₃ and / or - C ₇ F ₁₅ , and are in monomeric and / or dimeric and / or oligomeric and / or polymeric form.

Ethers with one or two perfluorinated radicals can be of the general formula RO-Rf and / or Rf-O-CF = CF2, where Rf is preferably selected from -CF ₃ , -C ₂ F ₅ , -C ₃ F ₇ , - C ₄ F ₉ , -C ₅ F ₁₁ , -C ₆ F ₁₃ and / or -C ₇ F ₁₅ , and R can be a monovalent, saturated hydrocarbon radical with 1-18 carbon atoms.
Foam accelerators such as zinc oxide, zinc stearate, magnesium oxide, titanium dioxide, graphite and urea can also be used as additives.

Laser additives can also be used as additives. These additives can absorb energy in the wavelength spectrum of the laser used and convert it into heat.
The laser additives can include: metal oxides, metal borides, metal nitrides, mixed oxides, metal sulfates, metal sulfonates, metal phosphates, metal phosphonates, and mixed forms thereof, the metals being copper, iron, platinum, palladium, nickel, titanium, zirconium, tin, zinc, silver, tungsten, Hafnium, barium, calcium, aluminum, lanthanum, europium, dysprosium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, ruthenium, rhodium, iridium, vanadium, manganese, osmium, indium, cobalt, praseodymium and ytterbium can be used.

Examples of laser additives are the copper phosphates Cu ₃ (PO ₄ ) ₂ * 2Cu (OH) ₂ , Cu ₃ (PO ₄ ) ₂ * Cu (OH) ₂ , Cu ₂ P ₂ O ₇ * H ₂ O, 4CuO * P ₂ O ₅ * H ₂ O, 5CuO * P ₂ O ₅ * 3H ₂ O, 6CuO * P ₂ O ₅ * 3H ₂ O, 4CuO * P ₂ O ₅ * 3H ₂ O, 4CuO * P ₂ O ₅ * 1.2H ₂ O , 4 CuO * P ₂ O ₅ , 4CuO * P ₂ O ₅ * 1.5 H ₂ O, indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony tin oxide (ATO), lanthanum hexaboride, copper-doped zinc sulfide, copper sulfide-coated zinc sulfide, zinc sulfide-coated barium sulfate,
Tungsten oxide, tungsten mixed oxides with the general formula M _x W _y O _z (M: Mg, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ru, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, B, F, P, S, Se, Br, Te, Ti, Nb, V, Mo, Ta, Re, Be, Hf, Os, Bi, NH ₄ , H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ca, Ba, Sr), in particular WO _2.72 H _0.3-0.7 WO ₃ and Na _0.2-0.5 WO ₃ , Cs _0.2-0.5 WO ₃ .

Graphites, aerographites, carbon, carbon modifications and organic compounds and their derivatives can also be used as laser additives.
Examples of organic compounds as laser additives are cyanines, squarain, croconain, quinones, anthraquinones, phthalocyanines, indoanilines, quaterrylene, rhodamine B, rhodamine 6G, poly [2-methoxy-5- (2ethylhexyloxy) -1,4-phenylene vinylene], fluorescein, cobalt phthalocyanine , Epolight, Ferramol and organic quaterrylene bisimide.

Laser additives that help scatter the laser beam are antimony, Sb ₂ O ₃ , (Sn, Sb) O ₂ , (Sn, Sb) O ₂ -coated mica, (Sn, Sb) O ₂ - in combination with SiO ₂ -coated mica and TiO ₂ -coated mica pigments.

Furthermore, organometallic compounds such as metal dithiophene complex compounds (M = Ni, Pd, Pt, Au, Ir, Fe, Zn, W, Cu, Mo, In, Mn, Co, Mg, V, Cr, Ti) or 4-alkoxydithiobenzoate complexes (M = Ni, Pd, Zn) can be used.

Substances which absorb electromagnetic radiation from a magnetic field can also be used as additives.
Energy from a magnetic field and / or a source that emits electromagnetic radiation can act on substances that absorb electromagnetic radiation from a magnetic field, which substances are in the polymer composition or are an additional component of the foaming agent.
For example, substances that absorb electromagnetic radiation from a magnetic field are part of the hollow micro-body loaded with at least one foaming agent. Here, the electromagnetic radiation of a magnetic field absorbing substances are adherent and / or chemically bonded to the inner and / or outer surface of the micro hollow body and / or arranged as part of a coating and / or in the cavity of the micro hollow body.

Substances that absorb electromagnetic radiation from a magnetic field and generate thermal energy have magnetic and / or paramagnetic and / or ferromagnetic and / or ferrimagnetic and / or antiferrimagnetic and / or superparamagnetic properties and are selected from metals and / or metal oxides and / or mixed metal oxides and / or metal complex compounds and / or metal carbonyl compounds, in particular iron carbonyl compounds, such as, for example, pentacarbonyl iron and / or metal salt compounds and / or metal nitride compounds, such as, for example, iron nitride, and / or metal compounds and / or metal compositions and / or metal alloys, in particular ferromagnetic alloys and Heusler's alloys.

Substances absorbing electromagnetic radiation from a magnetic field contain metals such as aluminum, cobalt, iron, nickel. Also suitable are interstitial compounds and / or substances with intermetallic phases and / or substances made of metallic alloys and / or Heusler's alloys, selected from Fe ₇₅ Nb ₁₀ B ₁₅ , Pr ₂ Fe ₁₇ , Gd ₅ Fe _1.9 Si ₂ Fe _{0, 1} , Fe ₈₈ Zr ₇ B ₄ Cu ₁ , Fe ₇₂ Ni ₂₈ , (Fe ₇₀ Ni ₃₀ ) ₈₉ Zr ₇ B ₄ , Fe ₇₉ Gd ₁ Cr ₈ B ₁₂ , Fe ₇₀ Ni ₃₀ , Zn _0.54 Co _0.46 Cr _0.6 Fe _1.4 O ₄ AlNiCo, SmCo, Nd ₂ Fe ₁₄ B, Ni ₈₀ Fe ₂₀ (Permalloy), NiFeCo (Mumetall) Cu ₂ MnAl, Cu ₂ MnIn, Cu ₂ MnSn, Ni ₂ MnAl, Ni ₂ MnIn, Ni ₂ MnSn, Ni ₂ MnSb, Ni ₂ MnGa, Co ₂ MnAl, Co ₂ MnSi, Co ₂ MnGa, Co ₂ MnGe, Pd ₂ MnAl, Pd ₂ MnIn, Pd ₂ MnSn, Pd ₂ MnSb, Co ₂ FeSi, Co ₂ FeAl, Fe ₂ Val, Mn ₂ VGa, Co ₂ FeGe.

Substances absorbing the electromagnetic radiation of a magnetic field can consist of metal oxides of a uniform modification or in various modifications. The metal oxides can be mixed oxide of at least two metals with the metal components lithium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt , Rhodium, iridium, nickel, platinum, palladium, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, aluminum, gallium, indium, tin, samarium, europium, gadolinium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, terbium Be formed ytterbium.
Examples of this are La _1-x Sr _x MnO ₃ (x = 0.25-0.35), ZnFe ₂ O ₄ , MnFe ₂ O ₄ , Mn _0.6 Fe _0.4 Fe ₂ O ₄ , Mn _0.5 Zn _0.5 Fe ₂ O ₄ , Zn _0.1 Fe ₁ , ₉ O ₄ , Zn _0.2 Fe _1.8 O ₄ , Zn _0.3 Fe _1.7 O ₄ , Zn _0.4 Fe _1.6 O ₄ , Mn _0.39 Zn _0.27 Fe _2.34 O ₄ , MgFe ₂ O ₃ , Mg _1.2 Mn _0.2 Fe _1.6 O ₄ , Mg _1.4 Mn _0.4 Fe _1.2 O ₄ , Mg _1.6 Mn _0.6 Fe _0.8 O ₄ , Mg _1.8 Mn _0.8 Fe _0.4 O ₄ , Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , CoFe ₂ O ₄ , MnFe ₂ O ₄ , CuFe ₂ O ₄ , ZnFe ₂ O ₄ , NiFe ₂ O ₄ , MgFe ₂ O ₄ , CaFe ₂ O ₄ , SrFe ₁₂ O ₁₉ , BaFe ₁₂ O ₁₉ , CdFe ₂ O ₄ , or manganese-zinc ferrites general composition Mn _a Zn ( _1-a ) Fe ₂ O ₄ , or manganese-cadmium ferrites of the general composition Mn _a Cd ( _1-a ) Fe ₂ O ₄ or nickel-zinc ferrites of the general composition Ni _a Zn ( _{1 -a} ) Fe ₂ O ₄ or copper-doped nickel-zinc ferrites Ni _0.6 Zn ( _0.4-x ) Cu _x Fe ₂ O ₄ or manganese-doped nickel-zinc ferrites Ni _0.6 Zn _{(0 , 4-x)} Mn _x Fe ₂ O ₄ or Cobalt-zinc ferrites such as Co _0.7 Zn _0.3 Gd _x Fe _2-x O ₄ or Co _0.7 Zn _0.3 Fe ₂ O ₄ .

Furthermore, iron complex compounds, iron carbonyl compounds such as pentacarbonyl iron, iron salts and iron nitride Fe ₄ N are suitable for electromagnetic radiation absorbing substances from a magnetic field. Manganese nitride Mn ₄ N is also suitable.

In a further development, the electromagnetic radiation of a magnetic field absorbing substance is in the form of a composite in combination with carbon modifications, such as graphene, graphene oxide, SWCNT, MWCNT, fullerenes, aerographites and / or titanium dioxide and / or barium titanate and / or intrinsically conductive polymers, such as polyaniline, for example. Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate PEDOT: PSS, and / or ionic liquids and / or in mixed forms.

Substances which absorb the electromagnetic radiation of a magnetic field are particles which have particle sizes smaller than 200 μm, this including nanoparticles of the size 1 to 100 nm. A particle size in the range from 10 nm to 500 μm is preferred.

Agglomerate-free nanoparticles which are coated or uncoated are preferred.
Microwave absorption-capable particles are particularly preferred.
The particles can have a single or multi-layer surface coating. For this purpose, ionogenic, ionic or nonionic surface-active groups can be provided on the surface. Alternatively, adhesion-promoting compounds can coat the surface. These adhesion-promoting compounds can be selected from unsaturated fatty acids and / or acrylates and / or urethanes and / or polyesters and / or polyethers and / or urethane acrylates and / or cyano methyl acrylates and / or cyanoethyl acrylates and / or cyanomethyl methacrylates and / or cyanoethyl methacrylates and / or (meth ) acrylic acid derivatives and / or epoxy resins and / or silicones and / or silicone copolymers.

Substances which absorb electromagnetic microwave radiation can also be used as additives. The electromagnetic microwave radiation absorbing substances can ionic liquids and / or dendrimers and / or carbon modifications and / or polyvinyl alcohols and / or pullulans and / or cationic polyacrylamides and / or gluconic acids and / or gluconates and / or citrates and / or ethylenediaminotetraacetate coordination compounds and / or Poly (2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) and / or layered silicates with a chemically modified surface.

Layered silicates with a chemically modified surface are, for example, mica and / or illite and / or smectide and / or bentonide, on the surface of which ferromagnetic and / or ferrimagnetic and / or superparamagnetic substances and / or ionic compounds and / or metal oxides and / or doped metal oxides (SnO ₂ ; Sb; SnO ₂ ; In; ZnO: Al, TiO ₂ : F) can be arranged.

Pullulans are selected, for example, from pullulan, trimethylsiloxysilylcarbamoylpullulan and cyanoethyl-pullulan.

Ionic liquids have at least one cationic and at least one anionic component.
The anionic constituent of the ionic liquids is selected, for example, from fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, hydroxide, cyanide, thiocyanate, chlorate, perchlorate, iodate, periodate, bromate, perbromate, pentaiodide, carbonate, carboxylic acid anion, formate, acetate, propionate, valerate, Salicylate, gluconate, citrate, benzoate, bicarbonate, phenoxide, phenylsulfonate, methanesulfonate, methylsulfate, ethylsulfate, tosylate, ammonium sulfate, hydrogen sulfate, alkylsulfate, phenylthioacetate, thioacetamide, phosphorus hexafluoride, bimonotortlorofluoride, antimony hexafluorophosphoride, antimony hexafluorophosphate, tris (pentafluoroethyl) trifluorophosphate, borate, tetrachloroaluminate, tungstate, permanganate, antimonate, Dichlorocuprat, tetrachloromanganate, tetrabromomanganate, Tetraiodomanganat, Tetrafluoromanganat, tetrachloroferrate, tetrabromoferrate, Tetraiodoferrat, Tetrafluoroferrat, dicyanoaurate, cobalt tetrachloride, samarium-tetrakis (trifluoromethanesulfonate), nitrate, nitrite, trifluoroacetate , Bis (tr ifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (TFSI), trifluoromethanesulfonate, bis (perfluoroethylsulfonyl) imide, bis (fluorosulfonyl) amide, nonafluoromethylsulfonate, B (CN) ₄ tetracyanoborate, C (CN) ₃ tricyanomethanide and N (CN) ₂ dicyanamide.

The cationic constituent of the ionic liquids can, for example, be selected from an imidazolium compound and / or a pyridinium compound and / or pyrrolidinium compound and / or pyridazinium compound and / or piperidinium compound and / or pyrazinium compound and / or pyrimidinium Compound and / or thiazolium compound and / or morpholinium compound and / or ammonium compound and / or mixture and / or combinations thereof.

The cationic constituent of the ionic liquids can have one or more organic radicals and / or substituents of 1 to 30 carbon atoms and / or in polymer and / or oligomeric form and / or as a copolymer.
The organic linear and / or branched and / or cyclic and / or aliphatic and / or aromatic and / or partially aliphatic and / or partially aromatic radicals and / or substituents can be heteroatoms such as nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen, selenium, boron, germanium, silicon, chlorine , Fluorine, iodine, bromine, antimony, arsenic and phosphorus.

Examples of organic radicals and / or substituents with 1 to 30 carbon atoms are: methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, iso- Pentyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, hexyl, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butyl, heptyl, 2,2-dimethyl-3-pentyl, 2-methyl-2-hexyl, octyl, 4-methyl-3-heptyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl groups, vinyl group.

Examples of the cationic component of the ionic liquids are
1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium cation,
1-methyl-3-butyl-imidazolium cation,
1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium cation,
1-propyl-3-butyl-imidazolium cation,
1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium cation,
1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium cation,
3-n-butyl-1-vinylimidazolium cation,
1,4-butanediyl-3,3'-bis-1-vinylimidazolium cation,
1,6-hexamethylene-bis-3,3 '(1-vinylimidazolium) cation,
1- [ω-methacryloyloxydecyl] -3- (n-butyl) imidazolium cation,
Poly (1- [ω-methacryloyloxydecyl] -3- (n-butyl) imidazolium-b-styrene] cation,
1- (2-hydroxyethyl) -3-methylimidazolium cation,
1,3-bis (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) imidazolium cation,
3-methyl-1- [3 (trimethoxysilyl) propyl] -1H-imidazol-3-ium cation,
1-methyl-3- [3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl] imidazolium cation,
1-methyl-3- [3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl] imidazolium cation,
1-methyl-3- [3- (triethoxysilyl) benzyl] imidazolium cation,
1-mesityl-3- [3- (trimethoxysilyl) benzyl] imidazolium cation,
1-mesityl-3- [4- (triethoxysilyl) benzyl] imidazolium cation,
1-mesityl-3- [4- (trimethoxysilyl) benzyl] imidazolium cation,
1-mesityl-3- [3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl] -4,5-dihydro-imidazolium cation,
1-mesityl-3- [3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl] -4,5-dihydro-imidazolium cation,
1-mesityl-3- [3- (triethoxysilyl) benzyl] -4,5-dihydro-imidazolium cation,
1-mesityl-3- [3- (trimethoxysilyl) benzyl] -4,5-dihydro-imidazolium cation,
1-mesityl-3- [4- (triethoxysilyl) benzyl] -4,5-dihydro-imidazolium cation,
1-mesityl-3- [4- (trimethoxysilyl) benzyl] -4,5-dihydro-imidazolium cation,
1-cyclohexyl-3- [3- (triethoxysilyl) benzyl] imidazolium cation,
1-cyclohexyl-3- [3- (trimethoxysilyl) benzyl] imidazolium cation,
1-cyclohexyl -3- [3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl] imidazolium cation,
1-cyclohexyl -3- [3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl] imidazolium cation,
1-cyclohexyl-3- [4- (triethoxysilyl) benzyl] imidazolium cation,
1-cyclohexyl-3- [4- (trimethoxysilyl) benzyl] imidazolium cation,
1-cyclohexyl-3- [3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl] -4,5-dihydro-imidazolium cation,
1-cyclohexyl-3- [3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl] -4,5-dihydro-imidazolium cation,
1-cyclohexyl-3- [3- (triethoxysilyl) benzyl] -4,5-dihydro-imidazolium cation,
1-cyclohexyl-3- [3- (trimethoxysilyl) benzyl] -4,5-dihydro-imidazolium cation,
1-cyclohexyl-3- [4- (triethoxysilyl) benzyl] -4,5-dihydro-imidazolium cation,
1-cyclohexyl-3- [4- (trimethoxysilyl) benzyl] -4,5-dihydro-imidazolium cation,
1- (2- (2-methoxyethoxy) ethoxy) ethyl-3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl) imidazolium cation,
1- (2- (2-methoxyethoxy) ethoxy) ethyl-3- (3-trimethoxysilyl) propyl) imidazolium cation,
1,12-bis (3- (3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl) imidazolium) -3-oxapentane cation,
1,14-bis (3- (3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl) imidazolium) -3,6,9-trioxaundecane cation,
1,29-bis (3- (3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl) imidazolium) -3,6,9, 12,15,18,21,24-octaoxahexacosan cation, 1- (6-acryloyloxyhexyl) -3-methyl imidazolium cation,
1-Ethylurea-3-methyl-imidazolium cation,
1-aminopropyl-3-butyl-imidazolium cation,
1- (10- (acryloxy) decyl) -3-methyl-imidazolium cation,
3- (2-hydroxyethyl) -1- (5- (3- (3-hydroxypropyl) -1H-imidazol-3-ium-1-yl) pentyl) -1H-imidazol-2-ium cation, 1-butyl -1-methyl-pyrrolidinium cation,
1,1 '- (pentane-1,5-diyl) bis [1- (2-hydroxyethyl)] pyrrolidin-1-ium cation,
1- (3-Acetobutyl) -1-methyl-pyrrolidinium cation,
1- (3-trimethoxysilyl propyl) -1-methyl-pyrrolidinium cation,
1,1-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) pyrrolidinium cation,
4,4-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) morpholinium cation,
1-benzyl-1- (2-hydroxyethyl) pyrrolidinium cation,
N-Methyl-N-Methyl trimethylsilyl pyrrolidinium cation,
N-methyl-N-butyl-pyrrolidinium cation,
N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -N-methyl ethane ammonium cation, Pipenzolat cation, (1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidin-1-ium-3-yl) -2-cyclopentyl-2-phenylacetate cation,
4- [2-hydroxy (diphenyl) acetoxy] -1,1-dimethyl piperidinium cation.
It is advantageous if the ionic liquids are supported on silsesquioxanes and / or oligosilsesquioxanes and / or polysilsesquioxanes and / or in combination with lithium-containing compounds and / or in combination with amino-functionalized polyvinyl alcohols and / or quaternary polyammonium polymers and / or quaternary poly (vinyl pyrrolidone vinylimidazole) copolymers and / or alkanolamides and / or amidoamines and / or sulfosuccinates and / or polyvinylpyrrolidone and / or poly (vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate) copolymers and / or poly (vinylpyrrolidone-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) copolymers and / or hydroxypropyl cellulose Carboxymethyl cellulose and / or poly (vinyl pyrrolidone-N, N-dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide) copolymers and / or quaternary poly (vinyl pyrrolidone-N, N-dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide) copolymers and / or polyether ester amides and / or grafted onto polymers and / or oligomers and / or copolymerized vo rliegen.

Organic peroxides can also be used as additives, which have an advantageous effect on the crosslinking of the foam matrix and / or the increase in the melt strength and / or the compatibilization or radical attachment of hollow microspheres to the first and / or second polymer material. The use of peroxide also serves to generally limit the rate of expansion of the hollow micro-bodies and / or the foaming agent and to obtain a foam with a uniform foam pore size distribution.

The organic peroxides are selected from diacyl peroxides, peroxyesters, trioxepanes, monoperoxycarbonates, peroxyketals, peroxydicarbonates, endoperoxides and dia-icyl peroxides.

Examples of peroxyesters are di-tert-butyl-diperoxyphthalate, di-tert-amyl-diperoxyphthalate, tert-butyl-peroxybenzoate, tert-amyl-peroxybenzoate, 2,5-di (benzoylperoxy) -2,5-dimethylhexane, tert-butyl -peroxymaleates, tert-amyl-peroxymaleate, tert-butyl-peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate, tert-butyl-peroxyisobutyrate, tert-amyl-peroxyisobutyrate, di (tert-butylperoxy) fumarate, tert-butyl-peroxy (2-ethylbutyrate), tert- Butyl-peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate, tert-amyl-peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate, 2,5-di (2-ethylhexanooylperoxy) -2,5-dimethylhexane, tert-butyl-peroxy-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate, tert -Amyl-peroxy-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate, 1,1-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, tert-butylperoxy-3-carboxypropionate, tert-amylperoxy-3-carboxypropionate, 3-hydroxy-1 , 1-dimethylbutyl-2-ethyl peroxyhexanoate, tert-butyl peracetate, tert-amyl peracetate.

Examples of monoperoxycarbonates are OO-tert-butyl-O- (isopropyl) monoperoxycarbonate, OO-tert-amyl-O- (isopropyl) monoperoxycarbonate, OO-tert-butyl-O- (2-ethylhexyl) monoperoxycarbonate, OO-tert-amyl -O- (2-ethylhexyl) monoperoxycarbonate, polyether-poly (OO-tert-butyl-monoperoxycarbonate), OO-t-butyl-O-polycaprolactone monoperoxycarbonate, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis (isopropoxycarbonyl-peroxy) hexane , 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis (isopropoxycarbonyl-peroxy) hexin-3.

Examples of peroxyketals are 1,1-di (tert-butyl-peroxy) -3,3,5-trimethyl-cyclohexane, 1-tert-amyl-peroxy-1-methoxy-cyclohexane, 1-tert-butyl-peroxy-1 -methoxy-cyclohexane, 1,1-di (tert-butylperoxy) cyclohexane, 1,1-di (tert-amyl-peroxy) cyclohexane, n-butyl-4,4-di (tert-butyl-peroxy) valerate , 4,4-bis (tert-butyl-peroxy) valeric acid, ethyl 3,3-di (tert-amyl-peroxy) butanoate, ethyl 3,3-di (tert-butyl peroxy) butanoate, ethyl 3,3 di (tert-butyl-peroxy) butyrate,
2,2-di (tert-butyl-peroxy) butane, 2,2-di (tert-amyl-peroxy) butane, 2,2-di (tert-butyl-peroxy) propane,
2,2-di (tert-amyl-peroxy) propane, 2,2-di (tert-butyl-peroxy) -4-methylpentane and 2,2-bis (4,4-di [tert-amylperoxy] cyclohexyl) propane ,

Examples of diacyl peroxides are didecanoyl peroxide, dilauroyl peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, di (methylbenzoyl) peroxide and 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide.

Examples of dialkyl peroxides are dicumyl peroxide, isopropenylcumyl peroxide, isopropyl icumyl peroxide, m / p-di-tert-butyl-peroxy-diisopropyl-benzene, tert-butyl-peroxy-isopropylbenzene, tert-butyl-cumyl-peroxide, m-isopropylolcumyl-t-butyl peroxide, tert-butyl-3-isopropylolcumyl peroxide, tert-butyl-3-isopropenylcumyl peroxide, m-isopropenylcumyl-tert-butyl peroxide, tert-butyl-4-isopropenylcumyl peroxide, tert- Butyl-3-isopropylcumyl peroxide, m / p-acetylcumyl tert-butyl peroxide, 2,4-diallyloxy-6-tert-butyl peroxide-1,3,5-triazine, 3,3,5,7, 7-pentamethyl-1,2,4-trioxepane, 3,6,9-triethyl-3,6,9-trimethyl-1,4,7-triperoxonane, di-tert-butyl peroxide, 2-methoxy-2- tert-butylperoxypropane, di-tert-amyl-peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (tert-butyl-peroxy) hexane, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (tert-amyl- peroxy) hexane, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (tert-butylperoxy) hexy-3, 1,3-dimethyl-3 (t-butyl-peroxy) butyl-N [1- {3- (1- methylethenyl) phenyl} -1-methylethyl] carbamate, 4- (tert-amylperoxy) -4-methyl-2-pentanol, 4- (tert-butylperoxy) -4-methyl-2-pe ntanol, 3- (tert-butylperoxy) -3-methyl-2-pentanone, 4-methyl-4 (tert-butylperoxy) -2-pentanone, 1-methoxy-1-tert-butylperoxy-cyclohexane, 2,4,6 -tri (tert-butylperoxy) triazine, tert-butyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl peroxide, 3-methyl-3 (tert-butylperoxy) -2-butanol, 3-methyl-3 (tert-amylperoxy) -2-butanol.

Examples of functionalized dialkyl peroxides are 1- (2-tert-butylperoxyisopropyl) -3- isopropenylbenzene, 1- (2-tert-butylperoxyisopropyl) -4-isopropenylbenzene, 1- (2-tert-butylperoxyisopropyl) -3,4-diisopropenylbenzene, [1,3-phenylene-bis (1-methylethylidene)] bis (tert- butyl) peroxide, 1,3 (4) -bis (tert-butylperoxyisopropyl) benzene, 1- (2-tert-amylperoxyisopropyl) -3-isopropenylbenzene, 1- (2-tert-amylperoxyisopropyl) -4-isopropenylbenzene, 1- ( 2-tert-amylperoxyisopropyl) -3,4-diisopropenylbenzene, 2,4-diallyloxy-6-tert-butylperoxide-1,3,5-triazine.

Examples of peroxides with double bonds are 3,3,5,7,7-pentamethyl-1,2,4-trioxepane and 3,6,9-triethyl-3,6,9-trimethyl-1,4,7-triperoxonane.

Examples of free radical coagents are TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxyl), PROXYL (2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-pyrrolidinyloxyl), 4-hydroxy-TEMPO (4-hydroxy -2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-I-piperidinyloxyl), TEMPO polymer or PS-TEMPO, 4- (2-bromoacetamido) -TEMPO, 4- (2-iodoacetamido) -TEMPO, 4-acetamido-TEMPO, 4-amino-TEMPO, 4-carboxy-TEMPO, 4-hydroxy-TEMPO-benzoate, 4-maleimido-TEMPO, 4-methoxy-TEMPO, 4-oxo-TEMPO, 4-phosphonooxy-TEMPO hydrate, 3- (2nd -lodoacetamido) -PROXYL, 3- [2- (2-maleimidoethoxy) ethylcarbamoyl] -PROXYL, 3-carbamoyl-PROXYL, 3-cyano-PROXYL, 3-maleimido-PROXYL, 3- (2-bromo-acetoamido-methyl) -PROXYL, 3- (2- (2-iodoacetamido) -PROXYL, 3- (2-isothiocyanato-ethyl-carbamoyl) -PROXYL, 3- (3- (2-iodoacetamido) -propyl-carbamoyl) -PROXYL, 16- DOXYL-stearic acid methyl ester, 2,2,3,4,5,5-hexamethyl-3-imidazolinium-I-yloxyl-methyl sulfate, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4- (methylsulfonyloxy) -I-piperidinooxyl, 5- DOXYL stearic acid, 2- (3-carboxypropyl) -4,4-dimethyl-2-tridecyl-3-oxazolidinyloxyl, methyl-5-D OXYL, 2- (4-methoxy-4-oxobutyl) -4,4-dimethyl-2-tridecyl-3-oxazolidinyloxyl, 1-hydroxy-2,2,4,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl-3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, 1-hydroxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-dihydro-1-H-pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid, 4 - [(1-hydroxy- 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) oxalate and tris (1-hydroxy-2,2,4,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl) phosphointricarboxylate free radical.

Crosslinking amplifiers can also be used as additives. These include triallyl cyanurate, triallyl trimellitate, trimethyloyl propane triallyl ether, trimethyloyl propane diallyl ether, pentaerythritol triallyl ether, 1,3,5-triallyl-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione, trimesic acid triallyester, maleic acid ethlyophthalate, methyl ester, isophthalate, methyl triallyl N'-phenylene bismaleimide, di (isopropenyl) benzene, divinyl benzene, zinc diacrylate, diallyl ether, cyclohexane dimethanol dimethacrylate, cyclohexane dimethanol diacrylate, trimethylcyclohexyl methacrylate, dicyclopentadienyl methacrylate methacrylate, diethylene methacrylate, diethacrylate diacrylate, alkoxylated diacrylate,
low molecular weight polymers and / or oligomers and / or monomers with functional groups, selected from epoxides, anhydrides, oxazolines, isocyanates, silanes and alcohols., propoxylated glyceryl triacrylate, alkoxylated neopentyl glycol diacrylate, ethoxylated bisphenol-A-di (meth) acrylate, tetrahydrofuryl acrylate, triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene-glycol di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,3- Butanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,4-butanediol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol (600) di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol ( 200) di (meth) acrylate, 1,12-dodecanediol di (meth) acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1, 3-butylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tripropylene glycol di (meth) acrylic lat, tripropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, triipropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol (400) di (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, trimethylol propane tri ( meth) acrylate, di-trimethylolpropane tetra (meth) acrylate, tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate triacrylate, tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate triacrylate, dipentaerythritol tolpenta (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate,
Trimethallyl isocyanurate (TMAIC), trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TRIM), pentaerythritol trimethacrylate, polymethylene-polyphenylene-N-maleinimide, tris (4-vinyloxybutyl) trimellitate, bis (4-vinyl-oxybutyl) isophthalate, triallyl, triallyl-callylallylatelate Triallyl trimesinate, triallyl trimellitate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate and methacrylate, diallyl oxalate, divinyl phthalate, diallyl maleate, diallyl fumarate, diallyladipate, divinylbenzene, trivinylbenzene,, N, N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide, N, N' methacrylamide, N, N'-methylene-bis (N-hydroxymethyl methacrylamide), N, N'-bis (methacroyl) amino acetic acid, N, N'-bis (acryloyl) amino acetic acid, 1,2 bis (acrylamido ) -1,2-dihydroxyethane, 1,2-bis- (methacrylamido) -1,2-dihydroxyethane, 1,2-bis- (N-hydroxymethylmethacrylamido) -1,2-dihydroxyethane, 1, 2-bis (N-methoxymethyl methacrylamido) -1,2-dimethyloxyethane, 1,6-bis (arcrylamido) hexane, 1,6-bis (methacrylamido) hexane, 2-methyl-1,4-bis- (acrylamido) butane, 2-methyl-1,4-bis (methacryla mido) butane, diallylamine, divinylpyridine, divinylquinoline, divinyl ketone, divinyl sulfone, dimethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, butylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, diallyl oxalate, diallyl phthalate, and diallyl melamine.

The further object of the present invention, the specification of a foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition, is achieved by the subject matter of claim 7.
In the context of the present invention, it was recognized that from the polymer composition, which comprises the first polymer material, the second polymer material, the foaming agent and the additive as described above, and these are homogeneously mixed with the polymer composition, in a simple manner from the foam formation that has taken place the foamed, the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition is accessible.
The last object of the present invention, the provision of an adhesive bond, is solved by the subject matter of claim 8.
It has been found within the scope of the present invention that the adhesive bond can be provided in such a way if it is provided that on a molded part that is at least partially made of polymer material and / or made of metal and / or made of glass and / or made of ceramic and / or of elastomer and / or of duromer and / or of textile, in particular of a nonwoven and / or a fabric, or contains such, and wherein the molded part has at least one side, at least in sections of which the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition adheres at least in sections is arranged.
In a very advantageous manner, it can be provided in the present invention that the adhesive bond is produced in an extrusion process and / or a coextrusion process and / or a post-coextrusion process and / or a generative process, in particular a 3D printing process.
If the adhesive bond is produced using a generative manufacturing process, for example by a 3-D printing process, a three-dimensional model that can be read by data processing machines can advantageously be used for the production.
The invention also encompasses a method for generating a data processing machine readable three-dimensional model for use in a manufacturing process for an adhesive bond. Here, the method includes in particular the input of data, which represent an adhesive bond, into a data processing machine and the use of the data to represent an adhesive bond as a three-dimensional model, the three-dimensional model being suitable for use in the production of an adhesive bond. Also included in the method is a technique in which the input data of one or more 3D scanners, which function either on contact or contactlessly, in the case of the latter energy being applied to an adhesive bond and the reflected energy being received, and wherein a virtual three-dimensional one Adhesive bond model is generated using computer-aided design software.
The manufacturing process can be a generative powder bed process, in particular selective laser melting (SLM), selective laser sintering (SLS), selective heat sintering (Selective Heat Sintering - SHS), selective electron beam melting (Electron Beam Melting - EBM / Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing - EBAM) or solidifying powder material Binder jetting. The manufacturing process can be a generative free space process, in particular build-up welding, wax deposition modeling (WDM), contour crafting, metal powder application process (MPA), plastic powder application process, cold gas spraying, electron beam melting (Electron Beam Welding - EBW) or melt coating processes such as fused deposition Modeling (FDM) or Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF). The manufacturing process can include a generative liquid material process, in particular stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), multi jet modeling (MJM), polyjet modeling or liquid composite molding (LCM). Furthermore, the manufacturing process can include other generative layer construction processes, in particular laminated object modeling (LOM), 3D screen printing or light-controlled electrophoretic deposition.
Within the scope of the present invention, it can prove to be very favorable if the adhesive bond as a hollow profile, in particular as a hollow profile filled at least in sections with the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition, or the adhesive bond as a tube, in particular as a thermally insulated pipe, or the adhesive bond as a component for furniture, or the adhesive bond as a molded part, or the adhesive bond as a composite body, or the adhesive bond as an insulation component or as a foam element for technical applications or for construction, or the adhesive bond as a component for a wind turbine, or the adhesive bond as a component for automotive engineering, or the adhesive bond as Component for boat or shipbuilding, or the adhesive bond as a component for the aerospace industry, or the adhesive bond as a component for space technology, or the adhesive bond as a component for air conditioning or refrigeration technology, or the adhesive bond as a swimming pool cover, or the adhesive bond as a window construction profile, or the adhesive bond is designed as a wall, floor or ceiling element.
Further important features and advantages of the invention result from the subclaims, from the figures and from the associated description of the figures.

It goes without saying that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the combination specified in each case, but also in other combinations or on their own without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the figures and are explained in more detail in the description below.
The present invention is described in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures as follows.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Polymerzusammensetzung;
• 2 eine schematische Darstellung eines Haftverbunds aus der erfindungsgemäßen geschäumten haftungsoptimierten Polymerzusammensetzung, die haftend an einem Formteil angeordnet ist;
• 3 eine schematische geschnittene Ansicht eines Formteils, das als Hohlprofil ausgebildet ist, in dem die geschäumte haftungsoptimierte Polymerzusammensetzung haftend angeordnet ist;
• 4 eine schematische perspektivische teilweise geschnittene Ansicht eines Rohres mit einer haftend angeordneten geschäumten haftungsoptimierten Polymerzusammensetzung.

This shows:

• 1 a schematic representation of the polymer composition according to the invention;
• 2 is a schematic representation of an adhesive bond from the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition according to the invention, which is arranged adhering to a molded part;
• 3 is a schematic sectional view of a molded part which is designed as a hollow profile in which the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition is arranged in an adhesive manner;
• 4 is a schematic perspective partially sectioned view of a tube with an adhesively arranged foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition.

In 1 is a schematic representation of the polymer composition according to the invention 1 shown.
The polymer composition 1 comprises the following components: a first polymer material 2 , a second polymer material 3 that is different from the first polymer material 2 is a foaming agent 4 which comprises at least two different components and at least one additive 5 ,
In the example of the polymer material 1 according to the present invention 1 is the first polymer material 2 a copolyester, the second polymer material 3 a polyamide, the foaming agent 4 is a mixture of a hydrocarbon and of micro hollow bodies, which are filled with a hydrocarbon, and the additive 5 a heat stabilizer.
The components of the polymer composition according to the invention 1 , the first polymer material 2 , the second polymer material 3 that is different from the first polymer material 2 is the foaming agent 4 , which comprises at least two different constituents, and the at least one additive 5 are mixed homogeneously, so that their concentration distribution everywhere in the polymer composition according to the invention 1 is equal to.
In 2 is a schematic representation of an adhesive bond 10 , from the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition according to the invention 20 that stick to a molding 11 is arranged.
The reference numerals in 2 correspond to those from 1 ,
The foamed, adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 now includes - after gas from the foaming agent 4 is released - the first polymer material 2 , the second polymer material 3 , Foam bubbles 18 and at least one additive 5 , The foam bubbles 18 by releasing gas from the foaming agent 4 are formed from the polymer composition 1 the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 educated.
The Haftverbund 10 includes a molded part 11 which in the example according to 2 consists of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). On one side 12 of the molded part 11 is the foamed, adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 as a layer 6 adhered arranged.
The adhesion of the layer 6 from the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 on the side 12 of the molded part 11 is so large that in a peeling test to detach the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 from the molding 11 there is a break in cohesion within the layer 6 from the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 comes.
The in the 2 shown layer thicknesses of the molded part 11 and the layer 6 from the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 are not drawn to scale, but only serve to illustrate the present invention.
In the 3 is a schematic sectional view of a molded part 11, which as a hollow profile 14 trained, reproduced.
The reference numerals in 3 correspond to those of the previous figures.
In the inner free space of the hollow profile 14 is the foamed, adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 sticking to one side 12 arranged, the entire inner free space of the hollow profile 14 with the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 filled.
The adhesive network according to 3 includes the molding 11 that as a hollow profile 14 is formed, and which has a square cross section, and the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 on one side 12 of the hollow profile 14 which is made of polymer material 13 exists or contains such, is arranged adherent.
The in the 3 shown layer thicknesses of the molded part 11 and the inner free space of the hollow profile 14 with the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 are not drawn to scale, but only serve to illustrate the present invention.
It is understood that other designs of the molded part 11 and the arrangement of the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 in the inner free space of the hollow profile 14 - For example, those in which the inner free space of the hollow profile 14 only partially with the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 is filled - are possible.
In the 4 is a schematic perspective partially sectioned view of a pipe 15 with an adhesive bond 10 , the adhered foamed adhesion optimized polymer composition 20 includes, shown.
The reference numerals in 4 correspond to those of the previous figures.
The Haftverbund 10 is formed from the adhesive on the outer surface 16 of the molded part 11 Arranged foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 , The molding 11 consists or contains polymer material 13 , In the example according to the 4 is the polymer material 13 of the molded part 11 a polyethylene.
On the outer surface 16 of the molded part 11 is a layer 6 from the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 adhesively arranged according to the present invention. The adhesion of the layer 6 from the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 on the outer surface 16 of the molded part 11 is so large that in a peeling test to detach the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 from the molding 11 there is a break in cohesion within the layer 6 from the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 comes.
On the outer surface of the layer 6 from the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 is a protective layer 17 arranged. The protective layer 17 consists for example of a silicone rubber or of a thermoplastic polymer material or a lacquer or a coating or a coating or an adhesive layer or an elastomer. The protective layer 17 protects the pipe 15 from mechanical, chemical and other influences.
The in the 4 shown layer thicknesses of the molded part 11 , the layer 6 from the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 and the protective layer 17 are not drawn to scale, but only serve to illustrate the present invention.
That in the 4 tube shown 15 has a circular or approximately circular cross section, the layer thicknesses of the molded part 11 , the layer 6 from the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 and the protective layer 17 are designed the same or approximately the same along their circumference.
The pipe 15 can be produced in a simple manner by means of a coextrusion process.
It goes without saying that combinations of polymer materials other than those mentioned above also form the polymer composition 1 , the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition 20 , of the hollow profile 14 and the pipe 15 according to the teaching of the present invention are possible without leaving the invention.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

polymer composition

2

first polymer material

3

second polymer material

4

Foaming agent

5

additive

6

layer

10

bonding

11

molding

12

page

13

polymer material

14

hollow profile

15

pipe

16

surface

17

protective layer

18

foam bubbles

20

foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Non-patent literature cited

• DIN EN ISO 11357-1 [0008]
• DIN EN ISO 1133 [0008]

Claims (10)

Polymer composition (1) comprising at least the following components: - a first polymer material (2), selected from an aromatic and / or partially aromatic and / or aliphatic and / or partially aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic oligomers or polymers or block copolymers or random copolymers, and or a chemically modified aromatic and / or partially aromatic and / or aliphatic and / or partially aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic oligomers or polymers or block copolymers or random copolymers, and or a blend of oligomers and / or polymers and / or block copolymers and / or random copolymers, with an MFR value according to DIN ISO 1130 of 3 to 200 g / 10min [160 ° C / 2.16 kg] and a melting point according to DIN EN ISO 11357-1 of 60 to 150 ° C and / or a glass transition temperature less than 150 ° C., - a second polymer material (3), which is different from the first polymer material (2), and which has an MFI value according to DIN EN ISO 1133 of <200 g / 10 min (190 ° C / 2.16 kg) and <3 g / 10 min (160 ° C, 2.16 kg), which is an amorphous and / or microcrystalline and / or partially crystalline and / or liquid-crystalline thermoplastic homopolymer and / or copolymer and / or block copolymer and / or random copolymer, which is in its starting form and / or modified by a grafting reaction and / or by an addition reaction and / or by a condensation reaction with at least one functional group, and which is optionally a mixture and / or a blend of several polymers, selected from the group comprising Polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, styrene-based polymer, polyurethane, polyolefin, Elastomer, especially rubber, polyvinyl butyral, Polyimide and / or polyetherimide and / or polyamideimide and / or a thermoplastic polyimide, polyetheretherketone, polyketone, polyether ketone, polyether ketone ketone, polyaryletherketone, polyphenylene sulfide, Polyester, Biopolymer and / or a polymer from renewable raw materials, ionomer, polycarbonate, acrylate, Acetate, Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, acetal, polysulfone, Polyethers, especially polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, liquid crystalline polymer, and fluoropolymer, - a foaming agent (4), which comprises at least two different components, and - At least one additive (5). Polymer composition (1) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the first polymer material (2) is selected from the group consisting of polyamides, copolyamides, polyamide resins, polyetheramides, polyesteramides, polyamide hot melt adhesives, thermoplastic polyurethanes, polyurethane hot melt adhesives, copolyesters, polyester hot melt adhesives, acrylates, polyacrylates, acrylate copolymers , Polyethers, polylactones, styrene-based polymers, polyolefins, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyoxazoline (poly (2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)) and ionomers, as well as chemical modifications of the aforementioned and mixtures and blends thereof. Polymer composition (1) according to one of the Claims 1 or 2 , characterized in that the second polymer material (3), if this is a polyamide, is selected from the group consisting of PA 61, PA 6I / 6T, PA 6I / 6T / 6N, PA MXDI / 6I, PA MXDI / MXDT / 6I / 6T, PA MXDI / 12I, PA MXDI, PA MXDI / MXD6, PA MACM10, PA MACM12, PA MACM14, PA MACM18, PA NDT / INDT, PATMDC10, PATMDC12, PA TMDC14, PA TMDC18, PA PACM12, PA PACM14, PA PACM18, PA PACM10 / 11, PA PACM10 / 12, PA PACM12 / 612, PA PACM12 / PACM14 / 612/614, PA MACMI / 12, PA MACMT / 12, PA MACMI / MACM12, PA MACMI / MACMN, PA MACMT / MACM12, PA MACMT / MACMN, PA MACM36, PA TMDC36, PA MACMI / MACM36, PA 61 / MACMI / 12, PA MACMT / MACM36, PA MACMI / MACMT / 12, PA 6I / 6T / MACMI / MACMT, PA 6I / 6T / MACMI / MACMT / 12, PA MACM6 / 11, PA MACM6 / 12, PA MACM10 / 11, PAMACM10 / 12, PA MACM10 / 1010, PA MACM12 / 1012, PA MACM 12/1212, PA MACM14 / 1014, PA MACM 14/1214, PA MACM18 / 1018, PA 6I / 6T / MACMI / MACMT / MACM12 / 612, PA 6I / 6T / MACMI / MACMT / MACM12, PA MACMI / MACMT / MACM12 / 12, PA MACMI / MACMT / MACM12, PA 6I / 6T / MACMI / MACMT / 12, PA 6I / 6T / 6N / MACMI / MACMT / MACMN, PATMDC12 / TMDCT / TMDC36, PA TMDC12 / TMDCI, PA TMDC12 / TMDCI / TMDC36, PA TMDC12 / TMDCT, PA MACM10 / PACM10, PA MACM12 / PACM12 , PA MACM14 / PACM14, PA 6 [polycaprolactam - ε-caprolactam], PA 46, PA 49, PA 410, PA 411, PA 412, PA 413, PA 414, PA 415, PA 416, PA418, PA 436, PA 56 , PA 510, PA 512, PA 514, PA 66 [poly (hexamethylene adipamide) hexamethylene diamine + adipic acid], PA 69, PA 610 [poly (hexamethylene sebacamide) hexamethylene diamine + sebacic acid], PA 611, PA 612 [poly (hexamethylene dodecanamide), hexamethylene diamine + Dodecanedioic acid], PA 613, PA 614, PA 615, PA 616, PA 617, PA 618, PA 1010, PA 66/6, PA 6/66/610, PA 6/66/12, PA 6/12, PA 11 [Poly-11-aminoundecanamide (11-aminoundecanoic acid)], PA 12 [polylaurin lactam, (poly-ω-laurin lactam)], PA 912, PA 1212, PA MXD6, PA MXD9, PA MXD10, PA MXD11, PA MXD12, PA MXD13 , PA MXD 14, PA MXD15, PA MXD16, PA MXD17, PA MXD18, PA MXD36, PA PACM9, PA PACM10, PA PACM11, PA PACM12, PA PACM13, PA PACM14, PA PACM15, PA PACM16, PA PACM17, PA PACM18, PA PACM36, PA 4T / 6T, PA 4T / 8T, PA 6T / 8T, PA 4T / MPMDT, PA 4T / 4I, PA 5T / 5I, PA 6T / 6I, PA6T (hexamethylenediamine HMD, terephthalic acid), PA 9T, PA 9T / MODT , PA 9T / 9I, PA 10T, PA 10T / 6T, PA 10T / 6T / 10I / 6I, PA 12T, PA MPMDT / 6T, PA 10T / 10I, PA 12T / 12I, PA 4T / 6T / 8T, PA 4T / 6T / 10T, PA 4T / 8T / 10T, PA6T / 8T / 10T, PA 4T / 6T / MPMDT, PA 6T / 6, PA 6T / 66, PA 4T / 66, PA 5T / 66, PA 6T / 6I / 6, PA 10T / 6T / 1012/612, PA 6 / 3T, polyether amides, polyether ester amides, polyester amides, polyphthalamide (PPA) and their mixtures and copolymers. Polymer composition (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two different constituents forming the foam-forming agent (4) are selected from the group comprising organic acids and / or organic acid derivatives, organic carbonates and / or hydrogen carbonates, nitrogen-containing compounds, Hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, oxygen-containing compounds, hydrogen sulfates, ammonium compounds, petroleum ethers, silanes, a system based on expandable thermoplastic polymer particles and / or based on hollow micro-bodies, which is loaded with a foaming agent. Polymer composition (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the additive (5) is selected from the group comprising conductivity additives, fillers and reinforcing materials, foam stabilizers, foam accelerators, laser additives, electromagnetic radiation absorbing magnetic field, electromagnetic microwave absorbing material , Peroxides, crosslinking enhancers, heat stabilizers, nucleating aids, light stabilizers, in particular UV stabilizers and / or UV absorbers and / or UV blockers, pigments and / or dyes, antistatic agents, biocides, fungicides, azides, flame retardants, plasticizers, impact modifiers, tackifiers or Tackifier, waxes and lubricants. Polymer composition (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first polymer material (2) to 10 to 97.5 wt .-%, the second polymer material (3) to 1 to 65 wt .-%, the foaming agent (4 ) to 1 to 15% by weight and the additive (5) to 0.5 to 10% by weight, the sum of the proportions of (2), (3), (4) and (5) being 100 % By weight. Foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition (20), formed from the polymer composition (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first polymer material (2), the second polymer material (3), the foaming agent (4) and the additive (5) homogeneous to the polymer composition (1) are mixed and the foam formation from the foam-forming agent (4) has taken place. Adhesive bond (10) made of a molded part (11), the molded part (11) at least in sections made of polymer material and / or metal and / or glass and / or ceramic and / or elastomer and / or duromer and / or Textile, in particular made of a fleece and / or a woven fabric, or contains such, and wherein the molded part (11) has at least one side (12), the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition (20) on at least one side (12) at least in sections. to Claim 7 is arranged adherent. Adhesive bond (10) after Claim 8 , which is produced in an extrusion process and / or a coextrusion process and / or a post-coextrusion process and / or a generative process, in particular a 3D printing process. Adhesive bond (10) after Claim 9 , which as a hollow profile (13), in particular as a hollow profile (13) filled at least in sections with the foamed adhesion-optimized polymer composition (20), or as a tube (14), in particular as a thermally insulated tube (14), or as a component (15) for furniture, or as a molded part, or as a composite, or as an insulation component or as a foam element for technical applications or for the construction sector, or as a component for a wind turbine, or as a component for automotive engineering, or as a component for the Boat or ship building, or that as a component for the aerospace industry, or that as a component for space technology, or that as a component for air conditioning or refrigeration technology, or that as a swimming pool cover, or that as a window construction profile, or that as a wall, floor or ceiling element is formed.

Images