DE202018103943U1 - Dolly - Google Patents

Abstract

Dolly (1) for transporting in particular a cargo container (50), in particular on the apron of an airport, mita) wheels (3, 4), of which at least one is steerable, b) a drawbar (2) at the front end a coupling part (6a) of a trailer coupling (6) and in particular for the steering angle with the front wheels (3) is operatively connected, c) a loading platform (5), d) to the coupling part (6a) at the front end complementary coupling part (6b) on the rear end of the dolly (1), characterized by e) an energy store (7), in particular an electric rechargeable battery (7), f) an energy connection (8) for charging the energy store (7) or a change device for the energy store (7), g) a drivable charging device (9) with charging motor (9a) and a, in particular portable, actuating element (9b).

Description

field of use

The invention relates to transport-weighing, so-called Dollys, as they are used in particular on the airport apron for transporting cargo or luggage, but also on industrial sites or in the port for transporting cargo.

II. Technical background

For use as a cargo dolly, these transport trolleys have a loading platform above the wheels, on which usually only one so-called cargo container can be transported, at best 2 pieces at the same time.

By contrast, luggage dollys have, in addition to a loading platform, lattice-like sidewalls pulled up at their edges, and they transport luggage such as suitcases and bags that are stacked loosely into this open-topped box.

A dolly is usually a pure trailer, so has no own drive, and is pulled by a conventional hitch of a tractor, which usually pulls a chain of several Dollys behind.

The dollys are e.g. loaded in the terminal, usually each with a cargo container, and the tractor drives the loaded dollys on the apron to the loaded aircraft and there already positioned so-called high-loader:

Whose two contiguous in the plan view adjacent platform parts are independently movable in height, usually by means of a scissors linkage.

The 1 , Platform part on the aircraft is raised to a height that is aligned with the height of the loading floor in the aircraft and positioned exactly with respect to the lateral distance.

Of the 2 , Platform part is loaded in its lower position by a dolly is positioned directly next to it and the cargo container on it is manually pushed by the dolly on the aligned at the same height or just below set 2nd Platform part of the high loader, for which the loading floor The Dolly has a variety of roles that project slightly above the loading floor and on which the cargo container stands.

Subsequently, this second platform part drives the cargo container up to the level of the loading platform located at the first platform part, where it can be moved manually or by means of the rollers in the first platform part on the second platform part and from there into Plane is pulled or pushed.

On staff are therefore necessary

• - at least one man in the hold of the aircraft,
• - at least one man on the highloader, who usually stands on the up and down 2nd platform part and
• - the driver of the tractor of the Dollys, who pushes the cargo container manually from the dolly to the highloader from the dolly on the highloader, and then moves the dolly chain forward by a dolly, until this way all the dollys of the chain are empty and can be returned for a new loading.

The tug, which is by far the more expensive part of the Dollys, remains coupled to the dollys during this time until the entire chain is unloaded and is thereby blocked.

Very often, the transfer of the container does not take place directly from the dolly to the highloader, but in between a self-propelled container transporter is used:

Such a container transporter also has a loading platform projecting from the rollers upwards, but which are driven, and can not only move a container standing on it in two opposite directions on the container transporter, but can also rotate it and thus independently from the rotational position on the dolly you can pass him in the correct rotational position to the highloader.

In addition, some container transporters have an automatic loading aid, with which he can drag a container from a dolly next to it to its own loading platform.

This relieves the tractor driver, who does not have to perform this operation manually, but the tractor driver is still needed on site until the entire dolly chain is processed, to continue the chain always a dolly to unload the next.

If the dolly chain is stationary, the container transporter for each container instead has to move back and forth between the corresponding dolly in the dolly chain and the highloader, which requires additional time.

• - eine möglichst schnelle Abfertigung des Flugzeuges, um die Standzeiten zu minimieren und
• - dabei den Personaleinsatz so gering wie möglich halten, da Personal einen hohen Kostenfaktor darstellt und immer schwerer zu rekrutieren ist.

When handling aircraft at an airport, two points are always in focus:

• - The fastest possible clearance of the aircraft to minimize downtime and
• - keep staffing levels as low as possible, as staffing is a high cost and increasingly difficult to recruit.

III. Presentation of the invention

Technical task

It is therefore the object of the invention to save by upgrading the dolly and thereby enabled other mode of operation required for each cargo container man to push the Dolly on the highloader and / or by the availability of information regarding the Dollys and / or available to optimize the workflow at the Dolly and thereby save staff.

Solution of the task

This object is achieved by the features of the claim 1 solved. Advantageous embodiments will be apparent from the dependent claims.

Basic idea of the invention:

If moving a cargo container from the dolly to the highloader takes over the loading aid of an intermediate container transporter, the automation of this process will mean that such an intermediate container transporter is no longer needed, since the cargo container is transported directly from the dolly to the highloader is handed over.

The driver of the tractor then has to drive the chain of dollys forward by the length of a dolly opposite the unloading position, the highloader, and at least saves the time it takes for the driver to drive out of the tractor after driving forward around a dolly to go back and manually push the container from the dolly to the highloader.

If at least one of the dolly in the chain has its own drive and control that is capable of driving the chain forward, either without a tractor, for each one dolly length after unloading each dolly, the tractor may In the meantime, other trips can be done, ideally the tug can handle other transport tasks, such as transporting a chain of dollys loaded with other cargo containers.

This also increases the utilization of the tug and over the entire airport less tractors are needed.

However, upstream of this development stage, additionally and / or instead, the tractors could be automated to such an extent that they are able to autonomously move a chain of dollys or a single dolly attached to a certain position, be it to a loading station or to a loading station Entladestation, and there autonomously a chain of dollys after loading or unloading a dolly to drive forward by a dolly length to work the whole chain.

This can at least temporarily save a tractor driver.

Moving over, ie pushing over or pulling over, onto the same level, optionally slightly lower, receiving or transferring platform or component, is accomplished automatically in particular by the motor-driven loading device of the dolly being controlled by a corresponding control of the dolly.

These as well as all further described processes can optionally be initiated automatically by the controller - which for this purpose must have the necessary sensor technology and corresponding data connections - or by an operator, whereby, for example, the man standing on the high loader can take over.

Preferably, the reaching of a loading position of the dolly which is sufficiently exact for reloading is preferably checked and reported to the controller or indicated by a signal to the operator.

• - entweder durch den angekuppelten Schlepper versorgt,
• - und/oder von einer Ladestation für die entsprechende Energieart, die sich an einer Ladeposition für den Dolly befindet, meist im Terminal,
• - und/oder durch einen am Dolly vorhandenen Generator, der mit einem der Räder wirkverbunden ist.

To power the power-driven charger and possibly also the controller and / or the data memory of the dolly, the dolly with the necessary energy

• - supplied either by the coupled tractor,
• - and / or from a charging station for the corresponding type of energy, which is located at a loading position for the dolly, usually in the terminal,
• - and / or by a dolly existing generator, which is operatively connected to one of the wheels.

In the context of the present invention, the term power-driven should be understood to mean any type of drive, except by manual force. The force can therefore by a motor, by a power storage or any other source of power will be provided unless the power source is a living being.

The energy transfer to the Dolly and the operation of the charger need not coincide in time, since the Dolly usually has an energy storage, such as an electric battery, which can be recharged in the manner described above.

As a result, the unloading of the dolly by means of the loading device can also be carried out after uncoupling and removing the tractor from the dolly.

Because the controller often requires external data to automatically perform unloading of the dolly, it receives it from the controller, either wired through the attached tractor or wirelessly, directly from a central, superordinate controller.

The dolly can initially only roughly driven to the loading position and then or checked during it, whether the roughly reached loading position already allows a reloading of cargo. If not, the dolly will be moved to an exact loading position.

An exact loading position is understood to be one in which the positioning of the dolly for the receiving or transferring vehicle or component is close enough to carry out a transfer of the cargo by means of the loading device.

A coarse removal position means that this is not yet possible, but in the case of a position sensor and a position sensor, one of which is on the dolly and one on the receiving or transferring vehicle or component, these two are already in contact record each other and - usually on the controller - track and direction of the necessary repositioning of the two to each other, usually by moving the Dollys, determine and can pretend, be it for implementation by the controller or by an operator.

If the dolly is loaded with a container or other load, then this is preferably detected automatically and then the dolly from the loading position so far away that the loading position for the next dolly of a chain or even a new team of tractor and at least one dolly accessible is, so at least the first dolly of such a towed next chain of dollys can approach the loading position.

In addition, the dolly can be designed to be self-propelled, whereby it can be a minimum traction drive which would be capable of neither the energy supply nor the achievable speed, the distances to be covered by a dolly between loading position and unloading position, and certainly not multiple times. within an acceptable time.

In contrast, the minimum travel drive is sufficient to move the dolly with its maximum permissible payload over at least ten times, better twenty times, the length of the dolly, and in particular up to five, better up to ten, analogously loaded dollys, with which he mechanically connected in a chain, to pull or push.

This makes it possible, for example, that in a chain of loaded dollies, after the first was unloaded at the loading position, the second dolly of the chain, after it has been determined that he has not yet reached the exact loading position, to the exact loading position by means of his traction drive can be driven forward, where he must move with him mechanically connected other dollys, so the first and the third and all others.

Since just for pushing the dollies must be connected to a rigid chain, this is preferably the steering, ie steering angles, set all Dollys this chain in the straight ahead position and fixed in this straight-ahead position, preferably automatically.

Then, the dolly chain for loading or unloading either by means of a tractor, in particular an autonomously moving tractor, automatically move forward until one after the other dolly has been at the loading position.

In the meantime, if the dolly chain for loading or unloading is capable of moving on its own and without a tractor, the tractor may, e.g. fulfill other transport tasks.

However, the tractor must approach this when approaching the chain of Dollys this, usually at least the first dolly, in a sufficiently small transverse distance to the acquiring or transferring vehicle or component, usually the high loader or terminal, approach and align it at the correct angle and through a sufficiently long straight approach path in front of the loading position bring the steering angle of the dollys to straight ahead, ie steering angle equal to or near zero, so that it locks in this straight-ahead position can be, preferably automatically, for example by means of snapping.

Frequently, however, the chain of dollys is not driven in a straight direction for space reasons, but in an arcuate path at the unloading position, for example the high loader. In this case, the steering angle of the dollys of this chain can be locked in the current position, so that when driving forward the chain, the individual Dollys each close to the unloading, even automatically, pass and stopped for unloading or loading there each.

However, it may be that with loaded chain of loaded dollys the loading position is not yet accessible, and the tractor a transported second chain of dollys in straight and in the straight direction locked steering adjustment and the correct cross-distance to the unloading position, but only in the vicinity turns off and uncouples.

The traction drive must then also be able to advance first to the loading station after the loading position has been determined to be accessible and reported, ie until the first dolly of this second chain has reached the loading position after the first chain already unloaded is in the loading position has released, and then again gradually move the chain for unloading or loading.

Also, the approach from close to the loading position is preferably carried out only by a dolly, preferably the first dolly of the chain, but it can be controlled synchronously by a higher-level control the drives of all Dollys to effect this movement of the chain.

Basically, it is sufficient if a dolly per chain, in particular the first dolly, such a drive, but the sensor for detecting a sufficiently accurate positioning, etc. would still have any Dolly and accordingly also an energy storage, if not a drive.

If the aircraft still needs to be loaded by means of another chain of dollys, the tug may in this time pick up the further chain of loaded dollys at the loading position and drive to the unloading position until the aircraft is fully loaded.

If this is prompted by the operator, this does not leave the driver's cabin of his tractor, especially since the coupling and uncoupling of the tractor on the dolly can be done automatically without manual action on the trailer hitch, and in particular simultaneously with the mechanical coupling and the existing power connection and / or data connection between tug and dolly is coupled.

The same applies to the coupling of a dolly to another dolly, with yes, as a rule, each dolly has the same coupling part at the rear.

If on arrival of the second chain of dollys the first chain is already completely unloaded and the last dolly has left the loading position, the tractor will move up the second chain until its first dolly is in the unloading position, at least in the rough unloading position, and only then decouple from the second chain and, for example, couple it to the first chain which it brings back to a desired location, for example the loading position for reloading the dollys of that chain, and optionally from there back to the aircraft for unloading the dollys.

In the meantime, the unloading operation of the second chain of dollys without the tractor is further carried out by means of the loading device and the travel drive of the dolly or dollys.

• - Ladeplattform,
• - lenkbares Fahrwerk mit mindestens einem, besser zwei lenkbaren Rädern oder Allrad-Lenkung, wobei vorzugsweise die Vorderräder die lenkbaren Räder sind, indem diese entweder einzeln lenkbar sind oder mit einer gegenüber der Ladeplattform um die Hochachse schwenkbaren Deichsel wirkverbunden hinsichtlich des Lenkeinschlages oder befestigt sind, die am vorderen Ende ein Kupplungsteil einer Anhängekupplung trägt. wobei am Heck des Dolly ist das hierzu komplementäre Kupplungsteil vorhanden ist,

erfindungsgemäß

• - eine kraftbetriebene Ladevorrichtung
• - in aller Regel eine Steuerung, um die Ladevorrichtung anzusteuern oder weitere Funktionen des Dolly anzusteuern,
• - einen Energiespeicher, vorzugsweise einen elektrischen Akku, wenn der Entlade-Motor ein Elektromotor ist.

The dolly has except the basic equipment consisting of

• - loading platform,
• Steerable undercarriage with at least one, preferably two steerable wheels or four-wheel steering, wherein preferably the front wheels are the steerable wheels by these are either individually steerable or operatively connected to a relative to the loading platform pivotable about the vertical axis drawbar with respect to the steering angle or fixed, the front end carries a coupling part of a trailer hitch. wherein at the rear of the dolly the complementary coupling part is present,

inventively

• - a power-driven charging device
• - usually a controller to control the charger or to control other functions of the dolly,
• - An energy storage, preferably an electric battery when the discharge motor is an electric motor.

So that this energy storage can be filled, the Dolly, in particular the energy storage, either a power connection, can be introduced via the energy in the energy storage, or a changing device for the Energy storage, so that an empty energy storage can be exchanged for a filled in a simple manner or an electric generator, which is operatively connected to one of the wheels of the Dolly.

If the dolly includes a controller, this generally also requires data, for example, from a higher-level central controller, and as a rule will also have to send data to this higher-level central controller itself.

It may also be necessary for the control of a dolly to make contact, that is to say data exchange, with the controls of other dollys, in particular the other dollys of the chain of coupled dollys.

Accordingly, the dolly, in particular its control, requires a data connection or a data interface, in particular by means of a wired or wireless data connection, in particular radio connection.

The loading device can be, for example, a known, customary drivable sliding floor or a roller base, in which a plurality of rollers arranged parallel to one another with respect to the axes of rotation protrude upwards from the loading platform, wherein a part of the rollers can be driven in a controlled manner - preferably in both directions of rotation - of the at least one discharge engine.

However, the loader may just as well be a simple slider or towing hook with which the cargo can be pushed down or pulled over from the dolly to an accepting vehicle or component, or rollers that are lifted by one-sided lifting or pulling. Lowering the rollers of the roll bed of the container due to gravity due to the inclined roller bed rolls down.

The hitch is preferably a combination clutch, so when coupling, so closing the trailer hitch, the two coupling parts are not only mechanically coupled together, but the energy contained in the coupling parts power and / or data connection in the two Coupling parts are also connected to each other.

For a partially or completely automated operation, the dolly requires the appropriate sensor technology, which is in particular connected to a control system for data technology:

First, an automatically readable identification element should be present on the dolly, so that at the loading position of the currently loaded or unloading Dolly can be identified, especially in a central control usually an assignment of the specific, identifiable Dolly is deposited with the charge thereon.

The dolly also preferably requires a position sensor to determine if it is in a sufficiently accurate, so-called exact, unloading position, or repositioning is necessary, especially if the dolly is parked only near the unloading position and uncoupled from the tractor has been.

Preferably, the dolly also includes a charging sensor that detects whether a particular load is loaded or unloaded.

Since usually only one cargo container is loaded on a dolly, a loading sensor preferably detects whether the dolly is completely unloaded or loaded with the target weight of the intended one or even 2 cargo containers.

Above all, in an only partially automated operation, in which therefore the intervention of an operator, for example, the operator of the high loader, is provided during operation, should continue to be an actuator, in particular an input unit, be present, via which the operator by appropriate input means the functions of Dolly can control.

For this purpose, for example, a signal generator makes sense - for example, by a changing signal - indicates whether the dolly is in the exact unloading position or how far away he is from this.

If the dolly has a traction drive, the traction drive preferably drives one or more of the wheels, usually the steered wheels, e.g. the rear wheels, to, of course, the drive is also controlled by the controller, if one is available. In particular, the traction drive comprises an electric drive motor, identical to the electric generator operatively connected to one of the wheels.

Further, a locking device is preferably present, which is preferably controlled by the controller or the tractor or can be triggered by the operator.

This is useful to fix the steering angle, in particular the drawbar of the dolly in the straight-ahead position during independent driving, otherwise in a moving chain that is moved by a dolly, the drawbar could take a kinked position with a pushed dolly.

Preferably, only cargo dollys are used in which a cargo container is on a loading platform that has at most low stops against slipping of the dolly on the loading platform, but no side walls, so the dolly after loosening the stops and / or releasing the rollers of the roll tray in the direction of movement of the roll tray can be moved.

However, a luggage dolly with upstanding from the loading platform side walls can also be used when one of the side walls can be opened and an opening device is provided, which spends this side wall from the closed to an open position, in particular hochfährt or swings up, which is also preferably of the control can be controlled.

embodiments

• 1a - c: einen Dolly in der Aufsicht, Ansicht von unten sowie in der Seitenansicht,
• 2a: eine Kette von Dollys, gezogen von einem Schlepper, in der Aufsicht,
• 2b: eine Situation beim Entladen eines Flugzeuges und
• 2c: eine Situation beim Beladen einer Kette von Dollys an einer Rampe.

Embodiments according to the invention are described in more detail below by way of example. Show it:

• 1a - c : a dolly in the top view, bottom view and side view,
• 2a : a chain of dollys, pulled by a tug, in the supervision,
• 2 B : a situation when unloading an airplane and
• 2c : a situation when loading a chain of dollys on a ramp.

The 1a-c show a dolly according to the invention 1 , first of all the generic features of a dolly 1 comprising, each for receiving a so-called cargo container 50 is trained:

Such a cargo container 50 has substantially the shape of a cuboid, in which, however, the narrow-side lower edges are replaced by a strong bevel to well into the lower half of the approximately circular cross-section of an aircraft 200 with its longitudinal extent in the transverse direction of the aircraft 200 fit in.

A corresponding dolly 1 of course has on the one hand a loading platform 5 which the load, in this case the cargo container 50 , wears, and which spreads over two front wheels 3 and two rear wheels 4 supported on the ground. Here are the rear wheels 4 usually not steered, but connected via a fix-mounted rigid axle, while the front wheels 3 are attached to an axle which is pivotable about an upright pivot axis for a steering angle, and of which a drawbar 2 forward and under the loading platform 5 protrudes.

At the front end of the drawbar 2 is as a coupling part 6a usually an eyelet arranged, and at the rear end of the dolly 1 a matching coupling jaw 6b with a through hole and a contrast movable up and down coupling pin 6c , which is usually attached to the coupling jaw 6b.

As a rule, the cargo container 50 in the horizontal transverse direction 11 on the top of the loading platform 5 for which in this a set of roles 13a are so embedded that they are slightly above the top of the loading floor 5 protrude and the cargo container 50 on the tops of these rolls 13a seated.

The axes of rotation of the rollers 13a run in the longitudinal direction 10 the dolly 1 , so when driving straight ahead the direction of travel of the Dolly 1 , and usually extend over more than half its length. In the transverse direction 11 , It is essentially the entire width of the loading platform 5 with spaced juxtaposed rollers 13a occupied, the roller floor together 13 form.

At the front and the rear narrow side of the loading platform 5 are strip-shaped, fold-up stops 22 present, in the activated, so swung up or booted, state preferably on the front and rear of the cargo container 50 , usually its lower slopes, lie.

In order to prevent a lateral slipping, there can also activatable and deactivatable attacks 22 be present as in 1a shown at the bottom.

While in the prior art these roles 13a a roll tray 13 are not driven and a cargo container manually in the transverse direction 11 on the dolly 1 is pushed over or down from this, according to the invention, the roles 13a of the roll floor 13 with a charging motor 9a operatively connected to the rollers 13a synchronously in the desired direction of rotation in rotation, or at least some of which, creating a motor-driven charging device 9 is formed.

Such a motorized charging device 9 but it can also be made from a slider 14 consist of - also from a loading engine 9a powered - one on the dolly 1 standing cargo container 50 in the transverse direction 11 from the dolly 1 can slide down by such a slide 14 for example, along in the loading floor 5 recessed transverse guides 23 can be pushed down.

Furthermore, according to the invention, the wheels, in this case the rear wheels 4 , by means of a drive motor 16 be driven to the dolly 1 slightly and slowly over a limited distance to drive motor with its own drive.

This preferably only in the longitudinal direction 10 - that is, the direction of the largest extension of the dolly 1 and with centrally adjusted drawbar 2 the direction of travel 10 of the dolly 1 - Is possible, is also a locking device 17 present, with the help of the drawbar 2 in different pivot positions, but at least in the straight ahead position, can be locked.

For example, one at the loading platform 5 attached eyelet 17a have a through hole, which in standing straight line drawbar 2 with a recess 17b in the drawbar 2 is aligned so that a locking pin 17c - controlled manually or by motor - can be pushed through both and thus the drawbar 2 locked in the straight-ahead position.

Loading motor 9a and driving engine 16 are preferably electric motors, which consist of an electric battery 7 be energized, which are like the engines 9a . 16 at the bottom of the loading platform 5 located.

To the battery 7 Loading is, for example, on each of the two long sides of the loading platform 5 at least one energy connection 8th present with the battery 7 is electrically connected, and at the same time as a data connection 18 for the controller 1* can serve.

Preferably, the energy connection is available 8th laterally over the loading platform 5 in front and is in the transverse direction 11 movable and preferably sprung trained to analog with existing connections 8th . 18 to get in touch, on the one hand at a loading dock 99 at corresponding charging stations 98 are present as well as on other devices with which the dollys 1 work together, for example, a high-loader 70 for loading or unloading an airplane 200 next to this is set up to hand over the cargo container 50 , and in which such connections 8th . 18 on the dollys 1 facing side are available.

Even if not exactly to the charging port, for example, a ramp 99 approached dolly 1 its energy connection 8th To reach the corresponding ports on the side of the ramp 99 Also be designed as a loading robot by the ramp-side power connection controlled at least in 2 spatial directions is assignable so that it reaches the first still remote from it energy port of the Dolly.

Also the battery of an electrically operated tractor 100 can in this way from a power connector 8th , which is located, for example, on a loading ramp 99.

Alternatively and / or additionally, a fixedly connected to one of the wheels electric generator may be present, which recharges the battery 7 with the generated power. In particular, an electric driving engine 16 be designed so that it can be operated either as a motor or electric generator.

Preferably, the dolly includes 1 also - especially on its long sides - at least one position sensor 20 who is the position of the dolly 1 to a counter element, which from the position sensor 20 is detected and at the loading dock 99 or the high-loader 70 is present, can be detected, and opposite to the position sensor 20 can determine the distance and distance to this.

Preferably, each Dolly owns 1 also an identification element 15 , usually also on one of the sides of the loading platform 5 the dolly 1 arranged the dolly 1 is uniquely identified and either human readable or encrypted and / or readable by a reader.

Preferably, each Dolly includes 1 a controller 1* , which are all movable, driven parts of the dolly 1 controls, ie in particular the two engines 9a . 16 , And preferably also the charging of the electric battery 7 , The control 1* preferably also includes one on either the dolly 1 or wirelessly connected thereto as a separate part formed operating unit, in particular the controller 1* the desired, from the controller 1* be performed, workflows can be specified.

With such equipment can dollys 1 - The most coupled together as a chain 111 from a tug 100 to which the chain is attached, according to 2a, b be drawn as follows:

2 B shows an airplane 200 , which is to be unloaded, and next to the hatch already a high-loader 70 is constructed with a first chain 111a of dollys 1 who is a tug 100 has transported and their first Dolly 1 in a defined takeover position next to the high loader 70 stands and already with a cargo container 50 loaded.

The tug 100 who has this first chain 111 is already dragged by the Chain 111 uncoupled and goes to his next transport order.

After the first dolly 1 already with a cargo container 50 loaded, reports its charging sensor 21 this to the controller 1* the dolly 1 , whereupon this control 1* the drive of the first dolly 1 sets in motion and the first dolly with the other dollys hanging from it 1 this first chain 111a moves forward until the position sensor 20 the next dolly 1 reports that he is in the defined transfer position to the high-loader 70 located.

Then this next dolly 1 from the high loader 70 with a cargo container 50 loaded, with the rollers 13a be driven in such a direction that they turn the dolly 1 automatically on its loading platform 5 pull over as soon as they are in contact with the bottom of the dolly 1.

Depending on the orientation of the dollys 1 on the plane 200 can take over before on the dolly 1 a rotation of the cargo container 50 around the vertical axis by 90 ° may be necessary, what of the high-loader 70 can be carried out.

This will be for all dollys 1 the chain 111 performed until all dollys 1 this chain 111 are loaded.

For this purpose, the controllers must 1* the dollys 1 communicate with each other, preferably one of the controls, usually those of the first or last Dolly 1 the chain 111 , is designed as a master controller whose priority is higher than that of the controller 1* the individual dollys 1 ,

The data connection of the controllers 1* the dollys 1 Can via the hitch 6 between the dollys 1 done by this a combined clutch with integrated data port 18 is, or the controls 1* can via radio links 19 communicate with each other.

The controls 1* especially after assembling a chain 111 control defined as master control 1* , can the chain 111 also driving forwards by the drives of all dollys 1 the chain 111 be driven synchronously, so that the individual drive must have only a very low power, and also the electric battery 7 Only a small amount of capacity is needed to make a dolly just over the length of such a chain, for example 111 to move forward.

In time, in this way, such a first chain 111 one after the other with cargo containers 50 can be loaded, the tug 100 who has this first chain 111 has already transported a second chain 111b with empty dollys 1 transport to the aircraft and, where appropriate, also put it in waiting position, as in 2 B shown.

Preferably, that of the tractor 100 uncoupled, first chain 111 however, fully loaded and then moves sufficiently far from the high loader 70 away, so the second chain 111b of dollys 1 from the tug 100 can be moved so far that the first dolly 1 this second chain 111b at the transfer station, ie at the transfer position, ie at the high loader 70 , is located.

It can then uncouple from the second chain 111b to the waiting, loaded first chain 111 drive, connect them and bring them to a place where the dollys of this first chain 111 unloaded, for example to the ramp 99 ,

Also at the loading dock 99 can according to 2c that in this case unloading the chain 111 conversely be carried out analogously, without being a tractor the whole time 100 hitched to the chain 111 you need:

Once the tug 100 the first dolly 1 the chain 111 at the defined handover position of each one, along the ramp 99 trained charging stations 98 and the energy connection there 8th , and possibly also existing data connection 18 is positioned from the corresponding dolly at the transfer position 1 the charger 9 set in motion and automatically the cargo container standing on top of it 50 on the charging station 98 the loading ramp 99 pushed over, which is limited for example by lateral guides.

Subsequently, the chain 111 - after the charging sensor 21 of the first dolly 1 has reported that the dolly 1 is no longer loaded - caused by the controller 1* of the first dolly 1 or a master master control of the collaborative control of the entire chain 111 - Driven forward by a dolly-length, preferably along the ramp 99 until the second dolly 1 the chain 111 at the takeover position, ie at the charging station 98 , and also by means of its loading device 9 the cargo container on it 50 on the loading ramp 99 moved over.

Until the chain 111 unloaded, can the tug 100 perform other tasks, such as another, now loaded on the aircraft chain, pick up there and the loading dock 99 bring.

1. a) der Schlepper (100), insbesondere gefahren vom Bediener (B), den Dolly (1) zumindest in die Nähe, besser an, die Ladeposition bringt,
2. b) die Ladung, insbesondere der Container (50), vom Dolly (1) auf das übernehmende Fahrzeug oder Bauteil hinüber bewegt wird, kennzeichnet sich dadurch, dass
3. c) im Schritt b) das Bewegen der Ladung, insbesondere des Containers (50), motorisch vom Dolly (1) aus durchgeführt wird, insbesondere automatisch gesteuert von einer Steuerung (1*), insbesondere mittels einer in dem Dolly (1) angeordneten Lade-Vorrichtung ()).

A method for the automatic, in particular unmanned, unloading a dolly attached to a tractor by

1. a) the tugboat ( 100 ), in particular driven by the operator (B), the dolly ( 1 ) at least in the vicinity, better off, the loading position brings,
2. b) the load, in particular the container ( 50 ), from Dolly ( 1 ) is moved over to the receiving vehicle or component, characterized in that
3. c) in the step b ) moving the load, in particular the container ( 50 ), powered by the Dolly ( 1 ) is performed, in particular automatically controlled by a controller ( 1* ), in particular by means of one in the Dolly ( 1 ) arranged charging device ()).

• - eine Steuerung (1*) oder der Bediener (B) die Entlade-Vorrichtung (5), insbesondere der Bediener (B) von seiner Position im Schlepper (100) oder im übernehmenden Fahrzeug aus,
• - insbesondere nachdem das Erreichen der Ladeposition überprüft und insbesondere dem Bediener (B) angezeigt wurde.

Activated in another embodiment

• - a controller ( 1* ) or the operator (B) the unloading device ( 5 ), in particular the operator (B) from his position in the tractor ( 100 ) or in the receiving vehicle,
• - Especially after the achievement of the loading position has been checked and in particular the operator (B) was displayed.

• - der Dolly (1) mit der für das motorische Entladen benötigten Energie vom angekuppelten Schlepper (100) oder einer an einer Ladeposition vorhandenen Energie-Ladestation oder von einem mit einem Rad (3, 4) des Dolly (1) wirkverbundenen elektrischen Generator versorgt.

In another embodiment

• - the dolly ( 1 ) with the energy required for the engine unloading from the coupled tractor ( 100 ) or one at a loading position existing energy charging station or one with a wheel ( 3 . 4 ) of the Dolly ( 1 ) Actively connected electric generator supplied.

• - die Steuerung (1*) des Dolly (1) mit den für das automatische Beladen oder Entladen benötigten Daten drahtgebunden vom angekuppelten Schlepper (100) oder drahtlos von einer zentralen Steuerung aus versorgt

und/oder

• - der Schritt c) nach dem Abkuppeln und Entfernen des Schleppers (100) vom Dolly (1) durchgeführt.

In another embodiment

• - the control ( 1* ) of the Dolly ( 1 ) with the data required for automatic loading or unloading wired from the coupled tractor ( 100 ) or supplied wirelessly from a central controller

and or

• - Step c) after uncoupling and removing the tractor ( 100 ) from the Dolly ( 1 ) carried out.

In another embodiment
the dolly ( 1 ) move automatically to the exact loading position after taking the coarse loading position, in particular by using a changing with the distance to the exact loading position signal or automatically.

In another embodiment
removing the unloaded dolly ( 1 ) from the unloading position after the indication that the dolly ( 1 ), carried out, in particular automatically.

• - der Dolly (1) nach Abkuppeln vom Schlepper (100) und Abstellen in der Nähe der Ladeposition mittels seines Fahrantriebes, insbesondere automatisch, zur Ladeposition,
• - insbesondere während der Dolly (1) in eine zu entladende Kette (111) miteinander gekoppelter Dollys (1) eingekuppelt ist,
• - insbesondere wobei die zu entladende Kette (111) miteinander gekoppelter Dollys (1) gemeinsam fährt,
• - insbesondere wobei der aktuell zu entladende Dolly (1) die gesamte Kette (111) schiebt und/oder zieht.

In another embodiment moves

• - the dolly ( 1 ) after uncoupling from the tractor ( 100 ) and parking in the vicinity of the loading position by means of its drive, in particular automatically, to the loading position,
• - especially during the dolly ( 1 ) in a chain to be unloaded ( 111 ) coupled dollys ( 1 ) is engaged,
• in particular, where the chain to be unloaded ( 111 ) coupled dollys ( 1 ) drives together,
• in particular, where the currently unloading dolly ( 1 ) the entire chain ( 111 ) pushes and / or pulls.

• - eine Kette (111) von beladenen Dollys (1) mithilfe des Schleppers (100) zumindest in die Nähe der Entladeposition transportiert, insbesondere der erste Dolly (1) hiervon an der Ladeposition abgestellt,
• - der Schlepper (100) von der Kette (111) abgekuppelt,
• - der Schlepper (100) zu einer anderen Kette (111) aus beladenen Dollys(1), insbesondere im Terminal, fährt und diese Kette (111) ankuppelt und zur Entladeposition schleppt
• - und für den Fall, dass diese Schritte vom Bediener (B) durchgeführt werden, er hierfür den Schlepper (100) nicht verlässt.

In another embodiment

• - a chain ( 111 ) of loaded dollys ( 1 ) using the tractor ( 100 ) transported at least in the vicinity of the unloading position, in particular the first Dolly ( 1 ) thereof parked at the loading position,
• - the tugboat ( 100 ) from the chain ( 111 ) uncoupled,
• - the tugboat ( 100 ) to another chain ( 111 ) loaded dollys (1), especially in the terminal, and this chain ( 111 ) and towed to the unloading position
• - and in the event that these steps are performed by the operator (B), he is the tractor ( 100 ) does not leave.

• - falls die an der Entladestation stehende erste Kette (111a) bereits vollständig entladen ist und der letzte Dolly (1) die Ladeposition, insbesondere automatisch, verlassen hat,
• - der Schlepper, insbesondere gefahren vom Bediener, den 1. Dolly (1) seiner heran geschleppten 2. Kette (111b) an der Entladeposition abstellt,
• - wird der Schlepper (100), insbesondere vom Bediener (B), abgekuppelt, zur in der Nähe stehenden ersten, entladenen, Kette (111a) fährt und diese ankuppelt und zum erneuten Beladen zu einer Ladeposition, insbesondere ins Terminal, schleppt,
• - insbesondere der Vorgang so oft wiederholt wird, bis das Flugzeug vollständig geladen ist.

In another embodiment,

• if the first chain at the unloading station ( 111 ) is already completely unloaded and the last dolly ( 1 ) has left the loading position, in particular automatically,
• - the tractor, especially driven by the operator, the 1st Dolly ( 1 ) turns off its towed 2nd chain (111b) at the unloading position,
• - is the tug ( 100 ), in particular disconnected from the operator (B), to the first, unloaded, chain ( 111 ) travels and hitches them and tows them to a loading position, in particular into the terminal, for reloading,
• - In particular, the process is repeated until the aircraft is fully loaded.

• - falls die dort stehende Kette (111a) noch nicht vollständig entladen ist und der letzte Dolly (1) die Entladeposition noch nicht verlassen, insbesondere noch nicht angefahren, hat,

entweder

• - gewartet, bis die dort stehende 1. Kette (111a) vollständig entladen ist und die Ladeposition zugänglich ist,
• - die heran geschleppte 2. Kette (111b) an der Ladeposition abgestellt,
• - der Schlepper (100) abgekuppelt,
• - zur in der Nähe stehenden 1., entladenen Kette (111a) fährt und diese ankuppelt und zum erneuten Beladen zu einer Ladeposition, insbesondere ins Terminal, schleppt,

oder

• - der 1. Dolly (1) seiner heran geschleppten 2. Kette (111) hinter der 1. Kette (111) in der Nähe der Ladeposition abgestellt,
• - der Schlepper (100) abgekuppelt wird,
• - nach vollständigem Entladen der 1. Kette (111a) zur dann in der Nähe stehenden 1., entladenen Kette (111a) fährt und diese ankuppelt und zum erneuten Beladen zu einer Ladeposition, insbesondere ins Terminal, schleppt,
• - insbesondere der Vorgang so oft wiederholt wird, bis das Flugzeug vollständig beladen ist
• - und für den Fall, dass diese Schritte vom Bediener (B) durchgeführt werden, er hierfür den Schlepper (100) nicht verlässt.

In another embodiment

• - if the chain there ( 111 ) is not completely unloaded and the last dolly ( 1 ) has not yet left the unloading position, in particular has not yet started,

either

• - waited until the first chain ( 111 ) is completely unloaded and the loading position is accessible,
• - the towed 2nd chain (111b) is parked at the loading position,
• - the tugboat ( 100 ) uncoupled,
• - to the nearby 1st, unloaded chain ( 111 ) travels and hitches them and tows them to a loading position, in particular into the terminal, for reloading,

or

• - the 1st Dolly ( 1 ) of its 2nd chain ( 111 ) behind the 1st chain ( 111 ) parked near the loading position,
• - the tugboat ( 100 ) is uncoupled,
• - after complete unloading of the 1st chain ( 111 ) to the nearby 1. unloaded chain ( 111 ) travels and hitches them and tows them to a loading position, in particular into the terminal, for reloading,
• - In particular, the process is repeated until the aircraft is fully loaded
• - and in the event that these steps are performed by the operator (B), he is the tractor ( 100 ) does not leave.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Dolly

1*

control

2

shaft

3

front wheels

4

rear wheels

5

loading platform

6

Towing

6a, b

coupling part

6c

coupling pin

7

Energy storage, battery

8th

power connection

9

Loader

9a

Loading motor

9b

jig

10

Longitudinal direction, direction of travel

11

horizontal transverse direction

12

vertical

13

Bearing housing

13a

role

14

pusher

15

identification element

16

Driving motor

17

Locking device

17a

eyelet

17b

recess

17c

locking pin

18

data port

19

radio link

20

Position Sensor

21

Load Sensor

22

attack

23

width guide

50

Cargo containers

70

highloader

98

charging station

99

ramp

100

tractor

111, 111a, b

Chain

200

plane

Claims (13)

Dolly (1) for transporting in particular a cargo container (50), in particular on the apron of an airport, with a) wheels (3, 4) of which at least one is steerable, b) a drawbar (2) which carries at the front end a coupling part (6a) of a trailer coupling (6) and in particular for the steering angle with the front wheels (3) c) a loading platform (5), d) a coupling part (6a) at the front end complementary coupling part (6b) at the rear end of the dolly (1), characterized by e) an energy store (7), in particular electric battery ( 7), f) an energy connection (8) for charging the energy store (7) or a changing device for the energy store (7), g) a drivable charging device (9) with charging motor (9a) and a, in particular portable, actuator ( 9b). Dolly for transport, in particular a cargo container (50), in particular on the apron of an airport, with a) wheels (3, 4), of which at least one is steerable, b) a drawbar (2), at the front end a coupling part (6a) carries a trailer coupling (6) and in particular is operatively connected to the front wheels (3) for steering, c) a loading platform (5), d) a coupling part (6a) at the front end complementary coupling part (6b) at the rear end of the dolly (1), especially after Claim 1 characterized by a data memory, and / or a controller (1 *) which controls at least all moving parts of the dolly (1), in particular a data connection (18) or a wireless data connection, in particular a radio connection (19 ), via which the controller (1 *) and / or the data memory is supplied with data. Dolly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loading device (9) - a driven sliding floor or roll bottom (13) or - a slide (14). Dolly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a loading sensor (21) on the dolly (1) is present, which detects the loaded or fully discharged state of the Dolly (1). Dolly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an automatically readable identification element (15) on the dolly (1) is present. (Traction drive) Dolly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - comprises at least one of the wheels, in particular at least one of the rear wheels (4), controllable with a travel drive, in particular a driving motor (16) is operatively connected, - the particular from the controller (1 *) can be controlled. Dolly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a locking device (17) is provided for locking the steering angle, in particular the steering angle of the individually steerable wheel (3) or the drawbar position, in the straight-ahead position or in the moment existing steering angle. Dolly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a position sensor (20) is provided for determining the position of the dolly (1), in particular relative to a position sensor. (Charge the battery) Dolly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the dolly (1) comprises a power terminal (8) via which the electrical battery (7) can be loaded, and / or - the dolly (1) comprises an electrical generator, which is operatively connected to one of the wheels (3, 4) with regard to their rotation and feeds the generated power into the battery (7). Dolly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the electric driving motor (16) operates in the driven state as an electric generator: Dolly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the mechanical trailer coupling (6) is a combination clutch, which additionally comprises at least the power connector (8), in particular also the data connector (18), and - Particularly in the coupling of the mechanical part of the trailer coupling (6) automatically connects the terminals (8, 18) with the corresponding counter-terminals on the coupled Dolly (1) or tractor. Dolly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loading platform (5) of the dolly (1) is formed so that it is able to automatically and, in particular controlled rotate a standing thereon containers (50) about a vertical axis. (Luggage dolly) Dolly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the loading platform (5) side walls rise upwards and - an opening device is provided for automatically opening one of the side walls.

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