DE202017000476U1 - Power electronics DC device for managing the energy flows of photovoltaic systems by means of accumulators and wireless devices connected to the Web - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus 225 for storing / discharging electric power to / from an electric battery mounted between the solar cells 201, 202 and the inverter 217. Said device consists of a bidirectional conversion device with the function of converting a first energy flow emanating from the solar cells 201, 202, with the purpose to store this in the accumulator 209, to take it at a later time and deliver it to the inverter 217 ; said device is designed to selectively convert the incoming and outgoing energy flows.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to photovoltaic systems and the automation of buildings. In particular, a device which controls the charging and discharging of electric batteries and the switching on and off of electric charges.

STATE OF THE ART

The increasing demand for energy has necessitated new, renewable sources of supply. One of these forms is the photovoltaic source, which enables the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy and which has become very widespread in recent years, both in the household and in the commercial sector.

This energy source varies over time and its efficiency depends on the weather conditions. The photovoltaic systems produce a lot, especially in sunny weather, and little energy in cloudy skies. This change of high and low solar radiation due to clouds can be repeated several times in succession in a short time on the same day. This is the reason why the energy production of the plants is very unstable.

The demand of the pantograph is sometimes above or below the production of the photovoltaic system.

This causes that even in the presence of a photovoltaic plant this continues to work with the network, because it gives off the energy produced and not used immediately in the network, and from the network which does not remove sufficient energy produced by them.

To counteract these disadvantages, new photovoltaic systems have recently been developed which are equipped with a device to store part of the energy produced.

In the the block diagram of a typical solution is shown.

Systems of this kind consist of solar cells 101 , a bidirectional charge / discharge controller DC / DC 102 the between the solar cells 101 and an inverter 104 connected in which the power grid 107 and the pantograph 105 are connected in parallel.

There is also a detector 106 intended for the acceptance performance. The accumulator 103 is connected to the bidirectional charge / discharge controller DC / DC 102 connected. In the hours of production of solar cells 101 is the pickup of the pantographs 105 very low, being a part through the charge regulator 102 in the accumulator 103 is directed. If the accumulator 103 is charged, the charge / discharge controller DC / DC turns off 102 out. The of the solar cell 101 Power produced is then sent to the inverter 104 directed, taking between customers 105 and network 107 is distributed.

After completion of the production of solar cells 101 and when the accumulator is charged 103 the discharge starts by the charge / discharge controller DC / DC 102 ; depending on the customer 105 when the charge of the accumulator 103 is no longer present, the charge / discharge controller DC / DC 102 from where he is the one for the customer 105 required energy from the grid 107 can be removed.

The Applicant has noted that the storage techniques described above use the accumulator solely as an energy source that can be accessed again at a later time. This frequent use of the rechargeable battery means that it has a shorter life due to the large number of charges / discharges.

Object of the present invention is to increase the performance of the self-consumption system in the photovoltaic system by not only the accumulator is used, but by monitoring, in a simple and economical way to turn on and off intelligent pantographs depending on the photovoltaic production and so as little as possible to resort to the network and thus to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art.

• 1. Die Stromabnehmer einer Photovoltaikanlage, die an das öffentliche Netz angeschlossen sind, möglichst unabhängig in der Energieversorgung zu machen.
• 2. Eine Photovoltaikanlage zu verwirklichen, welche sowohl vom Akkumulator als auch aus dem öffentlichen Netz Strom liefert.
• 3. Die Photovoltaikanlage sowohl vor Ort als auch aus der Ferne durch Anzeige der Energieflüsse und Aktivierung/Deaktivierung eventueller Belastungen der Stromabnehmer durch ein Fernsteuerungssystem zu überwachen und somit die Unabhängigkeit in der Energieversorgung zu verbessern.
• 4. Die existierenden Photovoltaikanlagen zu verändern, um sie so weit wie möglich vom öffentlichen Netz unabhängig zu machen.

The specific purposes of the present invention are:

• 1. To make the pantographs of a photovoltaic system connected to the public grid as independent as possible in the power supply.
• 2. To realize a photovoltaic system which supplies power from both the accumulator and the public grid.
• 3. To monitor the photovoltaic system both locally and remotely by displaying the energy flows and activating / deactivating any loads on the pantographs by a remote control system, thus improving the independence of the energy supply.
• 4. Modify the existing photovoltaic systems to make them as independent as possible from the public grid.

The inventive idea of the present invention relates to a new and original device for storing and removing electrical energy in / from an electric accumulator. The aforementioned device is equipped with a web-connected Wi-Fi module to remotely monitor power flows and enable / disable pantographs through smart Wi-Fi outlets.

Further and advantageous technical properties are described in the appended claims:
The following illustrations are for illustrative and non-limiting purposes only. It is also to be considered that these are circuit diagrams with function blocks which are provided for the implementation of specific logic functions in dependence on the inputs and the control signals, and which therefore can be designed in practice by various circuit and architectural solutions.

DESCRIPTION

The following description and drawings are merely illustrative and therefore non-limiting of the present invention, which may be implemented by other and different embodiments.

The present invention is intended for use both in existing and new photovoltaic systems, for the supply of electrical energy to consumers of all kinds.

In the is a first embodiment of a photovoltaic system to which the invention is mounted, shown. Especially from the solar cells 201 . 202 to the accumulator 209 and in the accumulator 209 stored energy to these to the inverter 217 to lead. The invention includes for this purpose plug for connection to the solar cell chain 201 , Fittings 202 to the accumulator 209 , the inverter 217 , as well as the power sensor 220 to join.

The invention consists of a bidirectional DC / DC conversion device 225 that between the solar cells 201 . 202 and the inverter 21 connected. It is capable of getting a first through the solar cells 201 . 202 produced energy flow and a second from the accumulator 209 removed energy flow for forwarding to the inverter 217 convert. It can also be powered by a Wi-Fi module 216 Information to the display of the customer 221 deliver. About the smart phone / tablet, it can be the smart pantograph 219 depending on the availability of solar energy from the cells 201 . 202 or the accumulator 209 , To give orders. This bi-directional DC / DC conversion device is designed to selectively convert the first and second energy flows. Advantageously, it is possible that of the solar cells 201 . 202 to produce electricity produced by the smartphone pantograph 219 to control, and electrical energy by removal from the accumulator to the customer 218 to deliver when the solar cells 218 do not produce.

The working voltage of the solar cells 201 . 202 is between 100V and 1000V, while the battery uses lower voltages between 12V and 48V.

The voltage at the input of the inverter 217 changes according to the presence of the MPPT, one in the inverter 217 built-in device, which allows the maximum power of the solar cells 201 . 202 to reach.

Power electronics device:

• 1. Two voltage reducers 207 . 208 comprising the inputs of the solar cells 201 . 202 and the output to the accumulator 209 ;
• 2. Two lifting devices 213 . 214 comprising the inputs of the lifting devices and the output to the inverter 217 ,
• 3. Communication device WLAN 216 ,
• 4. Measuring sensor 210 for checking the charge level in the accumulator 209 ,

In this way, the solar cells 201 . 202 outgoing energy with the same voltage value as that of the accumulator 209 converted, and vice versa, when it is taken, it becomes the voltage of the inverter 217 customized.

The device is intended for use in newly installed or in systems "Grid connect" newly installed photovoltaic systems.

According to the configuration of these plants is the inverter 217 through the network interface at the output of the inverter 217 or connected in parallel on the inner part. According to the configuration of these plants, the inverter can 217 So electrical energy to the customer 218 . 219 deliver if its consumption is equal to or higher than the production value of the solar cells 201 . 202 is, in part to the pantograph 218 . 219 and partly to the network 222 if the consumption of the pantograph is below the production value of the solar cells 201 . 202 lies.

In the a flow chart is shown, which relates to a possible operation of a photovoltaic system, which is equipped with the subsequent device.

The processes start with the "Start". The first process is reading the block 301 where the microcontroller 215 the data of the power sensor 220 reads. In the test block 302 checks the microcontroller 215 Whether the production of solar cells 201 . 202 about the performance of the customers 218 . 219 is located, and reports the information about the WLAN module to the display of the customer 221 ,

In particular, it is determined whether the power is positive and the flow of energy is directed into the public network. If the power is negative, the energy flow comes from the public network.

After the test of block 302 , following the branch YES, that is, the energy flow is positive, one arrives at the test block 303 where the microcontroller 215 with the help of the charge level measuring sensor 210 Check if the accumulator 209 is loaded and reports this via the module 216 to the display of the customer 221 , After the test of block 303 Following the branch NO, you reach the block 304 with the loading department 207 . 208 , This process is repeated until the battery is fully charged.

After the test of block 303 , following the branch YES, you reach the block 304 where the microcontroller 215 the voltage reducers 207 . 208 disabled. From block 304 you reach the block 305 where the microcontroller 215 via the WLAN module 216 the display of the customer 221 the charging status of the accumulator 209 telling. From block 305 you reach block 306 where the microcontroller 215 via the WLAN module 221 the command from the display of the customer 221 receives the charges 219 to activate until the energy flow is positive.

From block 306 from the cycle repeats itself and one returns to the start.

After the test of block 302 Following the branch NO, where the flow is negative, you reach the test block 308 where the microcontroller 215 with the charge level sensor 210 the charging status of the accumulator 209 Checked and this over the WLAN module 216 to the display of the customer 221 sends.

After the test block 308 , following the branch YES, you reach the block 309 where the microcontroller 215 the lifting devices 213 . 214 of the accumulator activated.

From the block 309 you reach the goat 310 where the microcontroller 215 via the WLAN module 221 the display of the user 221 the charging status of the accumulator 209 telling. From the block 310 you reach the block 311 where the microcontroller 215 via the WLAN module from the display of the user 221 receiving the command, the smart takers 219 to disable the accumulator 209 loaded. From the block 311 from the cycle repeats from the start.

After the test block 308 Following the branch NO, the microcontroller checks 215 through the charge level measuring sensor 210 the charging status of the accumulator 209 and shares it via the WLAN module 216 the display of the user with. From block 308 Following the branch NO, you reach the block 312 where the microcontroller 215 the voltage reducers 207 . 208 disabled.

From the block 312 from the cycle repeats from the start.

The device 225 can be done using the wireless module 216 via interfaces with the user's display 221 and connect via the web with mobile devices such as tablet and smartphone to input the parameters and to the smart consumers 219 to enable / disable.

LIST OF FIGURES

In is a block diagram of a known solution of a photovoltaic system with storage shown;

In is a block diagram of a photovoltaic system equipped with a device Taut of the present invention;

In Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a possible operation of a photovoltaic system equipped with a device according to the present invention; Figura 1 - illustration 1 Convertitore DC / DC Converter DC / DC Figura 2 - Figure 2 display window viewing Microcontrollers - microcontroller WI-FI - WLAN WI-FI - WLAN Figura 3 - Figure 3 BEGIN BEGIN GO TO START GO TO START

ABSTRACT

Power electronics DC devices with a web-connected WLAN module for managing energy flows generated by a photovoltaic system using electric accumulators and smart power outlets to enhance power autonomy.

Said device comprises a bidirectional conversion device 225 , consisting of voltage lifting devices 213 . 214 with the appropriate power meters 211 . 212 , Voltage reducers 207 . 208 , the corresponding power meters 205 206 , a charging meter 210 a microcontroller 215 , a transmission / reception module WLAN 216 , To the said device 225 is a power meter through fittings 220 the solar cells 201 . 202 an inverter 217 , an accumulator 209 and through the connection WLAN the customer display 221 and the smart takers (or sockets) 219 connected.

This device is designed to selectively the incoming and out of the accumulator 209 transforming incoming energy flow and the smart consumers (sockets) 219 manage.

Claims (7)

device 225 for storing / removing electrical energy in / from an electric accumulator which is between the solar cells 201 . 202 and the inverter 217 are attached. Said device consists of a bidirectional conversion device with the function of a first one of the solar cells 201 . 202 transform outgoing energy flow, with the purpose of this in the accumulator 209 to save it at a later time and then to the inverter 217 to deliver; said device is designed to selectively convert the incoming and outgoing energy flows. Device according to protection claims 1, in which the said conversion device further comprises a microcontroller and a WLAN transmission and reception module. Device according to protection claims 1 and 2, in which the said bidirectional conversion device DC / DC from voltage reducers 207 . 208 and the corresponding measuring sensor 205 . 206 , connected to terminals, and from a voltage lift device 213 . 214 with corresponding measuring sensors 211 . 212 and a charge level sensor 210 of the accumulator 209 consists. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, consisting of measuring sensors 220 between the customer 219 . 218 and the grid 222 are to be connected. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, consisting of a consumer display 221 by WLAN module 216 communicated. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, consisting of one or more intelligent consumers (sockets) 219 and through the WLAN module 216 actuated. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, in which the unit is mounted in a housing.

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