DE202016104759U1 - Battery and connection plate for a battery - Google Patents

Abstract

Battery (1) having a cell arrangement (2), wherein the cell arrangement (2) comprises a plurality of battery cells (3) which are electrically conductively connected to each other in an electrical series and parallel connection, the cell arrangement (2) having a plurality of battery rows (4) wherein the cell assembly (2) comprises at least two battery sections (5) and each battery section (5) consists of a plurality of electrically parallel connected battery cells (3), and wherein each battery cell (4) has a positive and a negative end terminal (7), characterized in that the battery cells (4) of the battery sections (5) are aligned so that all positive end terminals (7) of the battery cells (4) of the respective battery section (5) lie in a common positive contacting plane and that all negative end terminals (7) of the battery cells (4) of the respective battery section (5) in a geme Insamen negative contacting plane are that the at least two battery sections (5) are arranged to each other, that end connections (7) a contacting plane of a first battery section (5) directly opposite end terminals (7) a contacting plane of a second battery section (5) are arranged between at least two successive battery sections (5) an at least partially electrically and thermally conductive connecting plate (12) is arranged, which has at least two thermally and electrically conductive contacting elements (15) which are thermally and electrically conductively connected to each other, and in that the end connections (7 ) of the battery cells (3) of the two successive battery sections (5) via the contacting elements (15) of the connecting plate (12) are electrically and thermally conductive interconnected, so that the battery cells (3) of the successive battery sections (5) ü Connected in series via the connecting plate (12), so that the battery cells (3) of a battery section (5) thermally and electrically conductively connected to the contacting elements (15) of the connecting plate (12) are thermally and electrically conductively connected to each other, and thus an electric current and a heat flow over the entire cell assembly (2) are distributed.

Description

The present invention relates to a battery having a cell arrangement, wherein the cell arrangement comprises a plurality of battery cells, which are electrically conductively connected to one another in an electrical series connection and parallel connection, wherein the cell arrangement comprises a plurality of battery rows with battery cells connected in series, the battery having at least two battery sections and each battery section is composed of a plurality of battery cells connected in parallel electrically, and wherein each battery cell has a positive and a negative end connection.

Such batteries are well known in the art and are used for many purposes. Batteries of different sizes and with a different number of battery cells connected in parallel and in series are known from the prior art, whereby the capacity provided by the battery and the voltage provided by the battery can be adapted to the respective application. An especially important purpose for the present invention is the use of batteries in electrically powered motor vehicles. But such batteries can also be used in many other applications.

When the battery cells can be primary or secondary cells, the battery is often referred to when using secondary cells as a battery pack. Different battery cell types are known from the prior art, which differ mainly by the electrode materials and electrolytes used for the battery cells. Currently, battery packs with lithium-ion battery cells and nickel-metal hybrid battery cells are used in many applications. Usually, battery cells of a battery cell type are used for a battery. However, it is also possible and expedient for some applications to use battery cells of different types of battery cells.

Particularly in the case of large batteries, for example, for the operation of electrically powered motor vehicles, in which a plurality of battery cells is used, areas with high temperatures occur within the battery, inter alia when charging with comparatively high currents, through which the charging or discharging in the area high temperature arranged battery cells and their life is affected. The areas of elevated or high temperatures are also referred to as thermal hotspots. The temperature distribution within the cell assembly is affected by a variety of factors such as the type of battery cells used, the relative location of the battery cells to one another, the charge or discharge current flowing through the battery cells, and the aging condition of the particular battery cell.

It is an object of the invention to provide a battery in which the occurrence of temperature hot spots within the battery is avoided.

The object is achieved in that the battery cells of the battery sections are aligned so that all positive end connections of the battery cells of the respective battery section lie in a common positive contacting plane and that all negative end connections of the battery cells of the respective battery section lie in a common negative contacting plane that the at least two battery sections are arranged relative to one another such that end connections of a contacting plane of a first battery section are arranged directly opposite end connections of a contacting plane of a second battery section, that between at least two successive battery sections an at least partially electrically and thermally conductive connection plate is arranged which at least two thermally and electrically having conductive contact elements, the thermally and electrically leitf are connected to each other, and that the end terminals of the battery cells of the two successive battery sections via the contacting elements of the connecting plate are electrically and thermally conductively connected to each other, so that the battery cells of the successive battery sections are connected in series via the connecting plate, so that with the contacting elements of the connecting plate thermally and electrically connected battery cells of a battery section are thermally and electrically conductively connected to each other and so that an electric current and a heat flow are distributed over the entire cell array.

Surprisingly, it has been found that an at least partially electrically and thermally conductive connecting plate between battery sections is outstandingly suitable for preventing the occurrence of temperature hotspots within a battery. An electrically and thermally conductive connection plate between the battery sections has several advantages. Firstly, such a connection plate is particularly well suited to conduct a current between the battery sections. The current is distributed over a large area, whereby a low resistance is given. A high resistance is to be avoided, since this causes power losses. To the Another advantage of the connecting plate is the significant advantage that thermal energy can be dissipated from the battery cells particularly well. The thermal energy is distributed over a wide area. An electric current and a heat flow are additionally distributed over the entire cell arrangement by means of the connection plates. The connection plates ensure a particularly good heat transfer between the battery cells of different battery sections.

A large part of the thermal energy produced in the battery cells is conducted through the entire cell arrangement via the end terminals of the battery cells in the construction according to the invention. The end terminals of the batteries are suitable for transmitting the thermal energy in a special way, since the end terminals are thermally conductively connected to an interior of the battery and even consist of a thermally and electrically highly conductive material. In contrast, cooling and heat dissipation via a cell jacket of a battery cell is often less efficient, since the cell jacket is usually made of a thermally and electrically poorly conductive material.

If the battery cells are uniformly dimensioned in terms of their thermal conductivity and their electrical resistance, results in a uniform distribution of the electric current and the heat flow within the battery cells. If the thermal conductivity and / or the resistance of one or more battery cells is reduced, then it is achieved by the construction that an electric current and a heat flow are uniformly distributed within the battery at least through the remaining battery cells. A uniform distribution of electric current and heat flow helps to avoid hotspots within the battery.

According to the invention, it is possible to distribute thermal energy from the battery cells over the individual battery sections between the battery sections and the individual battery cells. Furthermore, it is made possible by the parallel circuit according to the invention to distribute the current uniformly on the battery cells. A uniform distribution of the current contributes to a uniform heat distribution within the battery, as a battery cell is heated more by a higher current. If the temperature of a battery cell changes, so does its resistance. Thus, the electrical resistance and the temperature of the battery cells within a battery influence each other. It follows that it is particularly important to distribute both the electric current and the thermal energy within a battery evenly on their battery cells.

In the present invention, it is possible to avoid the above-described interaction effects and thus the emergence of hot spots within the battery. Thus, the battery according to the invention has a significant advantage over conventional batteries, in which battery cells of successive battery sections are not connected to one another via connecting plates.

According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the batteries are designed as round cells. Round cells have a cylindrical base body with arranged on the opposite side surfaces end terminals. When using round cells, the round cells of a battery section are therefore arranged according to the invention so that center axes of the round cells extending between the side surfaces are aligned parallel to one another, wherein the end connections each lie in a contacting plane. Within a battery arrangement, round cells have the advantage over a conventional cuboid coffee bag cell that cavities are present within a cell arrangement between the round cells on account of their geometry. These cavities are particularly advantageous when it comes to a malfunction within the battery, in which burst one or more battery cells or even explode. In a conventional battery assembly with one or more coffee-bag cells, there is no space within the battery in which the bursting or exploding batteries can expand. The excess energy can not be dissipated, which threatens an explosion of the entire battery in a battery arrangement with many cells in the worst case. In a cell arrangement based on round cells, this risk is significantly reduced.

According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the battery cells are arranged so that each battery cell rests against at least one further battery cell in a cell cladding region. With such a construction, the battery cells are arranged particularly tightly inside the battery. The energy density of the battery can thus be increased by this arrangement. Preferably, each battery cell is adjacent to at least two other battery cells in a cell cladding region. Preferably, the battery cells are offset from each other, so that the battery cells abut in corner regions of a battery section to two other battery cells and abut in edge regions of a battery section to three other battery cells and so that all battery cells that are not arranged in a corner or a peripheral region, on six other battery cells issue.

Preferably, the outermost positive end terminals at one end of the cell array are electrically and thermally conductively connected to a positive lead arrangement and the negative end terminals at one end of the cell array are connected to a minus lead arrangement. The positive lead assembly and the minus lead assembly serve to remove both electrical current and heat from the cell assembly.

Particularly preferably, the positive conductor arrangement and the negative conductor arrangement each comprise an electrically and thermally conductive connection plate. By an electrically and thermally conductive connection plate, the outermost positive end connections or the outermost negative end connections are interconnected in a star shape with each other. Preferably, the positive lead arrangement and the negative lead arrangement are formed as copper plates. As a result, due to the high electrical conductivity of copper, it is ensured that the current is distributed uniformly and low resistance losses occur in the positive conduction arrangement and the negative conduction arrangement. The high thermal conductivity of copper also ensures that thermal energy can be dissipated from the battery. Especially at high currents, the high electrical conductivity of copper is important. Due to its large area, the copper plate forms an extended star point, which has a particularly low thermal and electrical resistance. By varying the thickness of the copper plate, a change in its heat capacity can be effected to optimize the heat distribution within the battery.

According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the outermost positive end connections or the outermost negative end connections are interconnected by an electrically and thermally conductive connection plate having a heat sink structure. As a result, heat can be dissipated particularly good laterally from the battery.

Preferably, the copper plates are formed so that thermal energy and electrical energy can be evenly distributed over all battery cells of the battery. According to a possible embodiment of the invention, the copper plates have a material thickness of 4 mm to 6 mm. Copper plates of this size are optimized for batteries that provide steady state power. According to another embodiment of the invention, the copper plates have a material thickness of 5 mm to 10 mm. Copper plates of this dimension are optimized for batteries intended for use in electric vehicles.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the battery cells and the connecting plates of the cell assembly are pressed together. By pressing the battery cells are firmly pressed together, so that a good electrically and thermally conductive connection can be achieved with the connection plates. Preferably, the positive lead arrangement and the negative lead arrangement are pressed with the battery cells and the connection plates. Preferably, at least one spindle is provided in the battery, which is guided in a longitudinal direction through the battery. According to the invention, pressing elements can be provided at the ends of the spindle, which abut the cell arrangement and press the components of the cell arrangement against one another. As pressing elements can advantageously be provided plates which are pressed against the cell assembly by means of nuts seated on the spindle.

According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the battery cells and the connecting plates of the cell assembly are shed together. In addition, according to the invention, the positive-line arrangement and / or the minus-line arrangement can also be cast. Such encapsulation makes it possible to fix the battery cells, the connection plates and optionally the plus-line arrangement and the minus-line arrangement in a position in which they are electrically and thermally conductively connected to one another. The potting is also advantageous in that it can be made according to the invention of a thermally conductive material. Thus, thermal energy is easier to dissipate from the cell assembly and can be distributed evenly throughout the battery.

The potting preferably consists of a non-electrically conductive material. It is advantageous if the battery cells have no external insulation. Thus, in one embodiment with a non-conductive potting, the battery cells may have a particularly simple construction.

It is particularly preferred if the electrically and thermally conductive connection plate is designed as a circuit board. A circuit board consists of a substrate on which at least one conductor track element and other electrical components can be applied. Thus can be implemented by means of a connection plate, which is designed as a board, various advantageous additional functions.

According to an alternative embodiment, the electrically and thermally conductive connecting plate is designed as a metal plate. A metal plate is advantageous because most metals have good thermal conductivity and very good electrical conductivity on. A metal plate is thus particularly well suited for switching two battery sections in parallel and in series. Another advantage of using metal plates is that they are very easy and inexpensive to produce.

According to a particular embodiment, the electrically and thermally conductive connection plate is a copper plate. A copper plate is particularly suitable for use as an electrically and thermally conductive connection plate, because it has a particularly high thermal and electrical conductivity.

The invention further relates to a connection plate for connecting battery cells in a battery as described above, wherein the connection plate is formed as a circuit board. The board has a non-electrically conductive substrate and a front and a back side, and also has spaced apart pairs of electrically and thermally conductive contacting elements, each pair of contacting elements having a first contacting element on the front side and a second contacting element on the back side of the board wherein each first contacting element is electrically and thermally conductively connected to each second contacting element, and each pair of contacting elements is connected to each other pair of contacting elements via an electrically and thermally conductive connecting portion on the connecting plate. Thus, a via between battery cells takes place, which are provided front and back of the board.

According to the invention, the electrically and thermally conductive connection region can be embodied as a bore in the circuit board which has an inner edge onto which an electrically and thermally conductive metal layer is applied. The metal layer is preferably riveted in the board, vapor-deposited on the inner edge or printed on the inner edge. The contacting elements of each pair of contacting elements are preferably provided opposite one another in front and in the back, so that the smallest possible distance exists between the contacting elements.

In the battery when using a circuit board according to the invention, a bus system may be provided to connect arranged on the board electronic components in terms of data with each other and with a battery management system. By means of a bus system, it is possible to access sensors or other components which are provided on the boards within a battery. This makes it possible to read out sensor data from the boards by means of only one connecting line and to control other components on the boards.

By means of the connection plate according to the invention, two battery sections of a battery can be connected to each other in parallel and in series, and a high electrical and thermal conductivity between the end connections of the battery cells is ensured. A circuit board is easy to handle, especially if the substrate according to the invention is designed as a non-conductive plastic material, because in this case it has a low weight. On the board at least one electrically and thermally conductive material must be provided, but this can be dimensioned so that a sufficient electrical and thermal conductivity is achieved. Due to the substrate of the board according to the invention, the electrically and thermally conductive material can be mechanically stabilized.

Between at least one pair of contacting elements and the connection region can be provided according to the invention a fuse. The fuse offers an important protection, if unwanted large currents occur inside the board. In this case, the fuse prevents excessive current flow, which could damage individual battery cells. The fuse is particularly advantageous when a battery cell is damaged so that their resistance drops sharply. In this case, the current flowing through the battery cell increases very much. This triggers the fuse to prevent further current flow through the damaged battery cell. Damage to other battery cells due to excessive currents can thus be avoided.

A fuse is preferably formed by a thermally and electrically conductive material which is dimensioned such that it burns through or is damaged in the case of too large a current and thus electrically isolates a battery cell from other battery cells in the event of a fault. For the fuse to trip in the event of a fault, the electrically and thermally conductive material of the fuse must have a sufficiently small conductor cross-section. According to the invention, the fuse should be dimensioned so that it has a maximum conductor cross section, which is suitable for ensuring maximum thermal conductivity of the fuse, wherein the maximum conductor cross-section is limited by that maximum conductor cross-section, which ensures triggering of the fuse in case of failure of a battery cell ,

Most preferably, the contacting elements and the Connection area made of copper. Copper has a particularly good thermal and electrical conductivity, so that the connecting plate has a particularly good thermal and electrical conductivity, even if only a comparatively small amount of conductive material is applied to the substrate.

It is advantageous if an electrical insulator with a high thermal conductivity is provided on the substrate and / or as material of the substrate for the thermal connection between the contacting elements. As a result, the thermal conductivity of the board is further increased, without the amount of electrically and thermally conductive material on the board must be increased. The electrical insulator with a high thermal conductivity can be provided as the substrate material of the connecting plate. According to the invention, the electrical insulator can also be used to form thermally conductive connecting elements between the contacting elements.

According to a possible embodiment, the connecting plate is flexible. For this purpose, the connecting plate may be formed of flexible and / or elastic materials. For example, a substrate made of an elastic polymer may be used. The electrically and thermally conductive material applied to the connection plate has sufficient flexibility when it is a metal. However, the amount of metal applied must be sized so that it will not be damaged when bending the connection plate, which could cause portions of the circuit board to lose or lose their thermal and electrical conductivity. A flexible connection plate can be handled particularly well in the manufacture and repair of a battery according to the invention. A partial deformation of a battery, for example, during compression, such a connection plate can adapt better.

The electrically and thermally conductive material applied to the connection plate is preferably provided mirror-inverted on the front and rear of the connection plate. However, it is also possible according to the invention for the electrically and thermally conductive material applied to the connecting plate to be applied to the front in an arrangement which does not coincide with an arrangement of the electrically and thermally conductive on the rear side in a mirror image.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one pair of contacting elements is surrounded by an electrical insulator, wherein an electrically and thermally conductive spacing conductor track electrically and thermally conductively connects the pair of contacting elements to the connecting portion. The non-electrically conductive region can be formed according to the invention by the substrate of the board. By virtue of this structure, a contacting portion including the contacting members is well defined from the connection portion. According to the invention, the connection region may be coated by a non-conductive layer. Thus it can be ensured that the connection plate with battery cells can be contacted electrically and thermally only via the contacting regions.

The Beabstandungsleiterbahn can be dimensioned as a fuse. A dimensioning of the spacer track as a fuse is particularly advantageous because it can be avoided that excessively high currents can act into the connection area. In addition, it can be avoided that too high a current in the connection region is conducted into a contacting region. Thus, according to the invention, two fuses are always provided between two contacting regions on a connecting plate, as a result of which a special electrical safety level is achieved.

Preferably, the connection area is formed flat. In this case, according to the invention, the connecting region can extend over the entire surface of the substrate, wherein it is interrupted only by the contacting regions and by electrical insulators which surround the contacting regions according to a particular embodiment of the invention. By means of the electrical insulators, it is possible according to the invention to define and specify, for example, the spacing conductor track in the connection area. An areal connection area reduces the electrical resistance between the contacting areas. Alternatively, the connection region can also be designed to be part-surface, with flat conductor loops being guided around the electrical insulators according to the invention, which conductor circuits are connected to one another in an electrically and thermally conductive manner.

It is particularly preferred if at least one pair of contacting elements is arranged centrally spaced from an electrically and thermally conductive conductor loop which encloses the at least one pair of contacting elements. The conductor loop forms part of the connection area.

According to the invention, the conductor loop can be arranged continuously in the substrate of the connecting plate, wherein it is coated on the front and the back in each case by an insulating layer. However, the conductor loop can also be applied on the front and / or the back of the substrate in a thin layer, wherein it is coated on the front and the back of an insulating layer. If the conductor loop on the front and on the back is applied as a thin layer, then it is preferably provided in a mirror-image arrangement on the front and the back.

At a central spacing, the pair of contacting elements at opposite edges of the surrounding conductor loop each have the same distance. Preferably, the conductor loop is circular. In this case, the pair of contacting elements should be considered to be centrally spaced when placed in the center of the circle formed by the conductor loop. However, it is also possible and provided according to the invention for the conductor loops to have shapes that deviate from a circular shape, such as, for example, an elliptical shape, a rectangular shape or a bone shape.

Preferably, at least one conductor loop is enclosed by at least one further conductor loop, wherein immediately enclosing conductor loops are electrically and thermally conductively connected to one another. It has surprisingly been found that by using a plurality of enclosing conductor loops per pair of contacting elements, the positive effects on the temperature development within the battery can be further increased.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one conductor loop enclosing a pair of contacting elements or at least one outer conductor loop enclosing a pair of contacting elements is arranged on the board in such a way that it is electrically connected to at least two conductor loops or outermost further conductor loops, the other pairs enclose of contacting elements. Due to the electrically and thermally conductive connection of the conductor loops, the pairs of contacting elements are also indirectly connected to one another. If the connection plate is connected to a plurality of battery cells of a battery in the front and rear via the contacting elements of the connection plate, a parallel and series connection of the battery cells thus takes place.

According to the invention, the at least one conductor loop or the at least one further conductor loop can be connected to at least two other conductor loops or outermost further conductor loops by touching, overlapping, cutting or interconnecting the conductor loops or outermost further conductor loops so that they form a composite of Forming conductor loops. If two conductor loops touch each other, they only touch each other at a connection point. If two conductor loops overlap, areas of the conductor loops overlap one another. If two conductor loops intersect, then the two conductor loops are not only partially overlapping, but each conductor loop also partially runs inside the other conductor loop. When two conductor loops are interconnected by interconnects, this means that the two conductor loops are spaced apart from each other and an electrical connection between the spaced conductor loops is made by at least one additional trace in the substrate extending between the conductor loops.

Preferably, at least one contact is provided on the composite of conductor loops. This is an additional contact, which is not intended for contacting by a battery cell. The contact can serve, for example, for connecting a measuring device. This can be a temperature sensor. According to the invention, a conductor connected to two contacts can be guided along the contacting elements in order to determine the temperature at the contacting elements. The conductor must be electrically insulated from the contacting elements and the conductor loops. Furthermore, according to the invention, an external temperature sensor connected to the contacts can be provided on the printed circuit board, which is applied to at least one battery cell in order to measure its temperature directly. According to the invention, the contact can also serve to connect a bus system, via which measuring devices provided on the board can be read out and / or driven.

Particularly preferably, at least one cooling line is provided in the connection plate in order to cool the connection plate and a battery in which the connection plate is inserted. According to the invention, such a connecting plate may have on both sides a contacting layer which is electrically insulated by two insulating layers from a metal core in the interior of the connecting plate. The contacting layer is preferably made of copper, aluminum, silver or a thermally and electrically conductive composite material. Through the metal core at least one cooling line is passed through which a coolant can be passed. As a result, the connection plate can be cooled particularly effectively. Preferably, the metal core is made of copper, aluminum or a thermally conductive composite material. According to the invention, at least one cooling line can also be provided in a metal plate, for example a copper plate, or in a circuit board.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the battery cells are incorporated within the battery in a potting material. Preferably, the potting material is electrically insulating, but has a particularly good thermal conductivity. Most preferably, the potting material is slightly flexible. According to the invention, the potting material may be a composite material. If the battery cells are electrically isolated from each other, they can each be provided without insulating jacket. This heat can be dissipated even better from the battery cells. Several battery cells may be provided within a battery section each in an insert element. An insert element is a rectangular or otherwise shaped container into which the composite material and the battery cells can be incorporated. The insert element can be particularly easily mounted in the battery between two connecting plates by being pushed between them.

The use of a potting material offers the advantage that heat can be removed from the battery cells particularly efficiently. The battery cells can also be preheated better. This also results in a homogenization of the temperature in the composite panels. Likewise, the encapsulation of the battery cells increases product safety, because the battery is mechanically stabilized by the encapsulation. It shows:

1 a schematically illustrated front view of a battery according to the invention,

2 a schematically illustrated plan view of the in 1a illustrated battery,

3 2 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of the battery according to the invention in a sectional view transversely to battery cells arranged in the battery,

4 3 shows a diagrammatically illustrated view of a fourth embodiment of the battery according to the invention in a sectional view transversely to battery cells arranged in the battery,

5 1 is a schematic view of a portion of the second embodiment of the battery according to the invention in a sectional view along along battery cells arranged in the battery,

6 3 is a schematic view of a portion of a fourth embodiment of the battery according to the invention, in a sectional view along batteries cells arranged in the battery, 7 a schematically illustrated plan view of a first embodiment of the connecting plate of the battery according to the invention,

8th a schematically illustrated plan view of a second embodiment of the connecting plate according to the invention of the battery according to the invention,

9 a schematically illustrated plan view of a third embodiment of the connecting plate of the battery according to the invention and

10 a schematically illustrated cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the connecting plate according to the invention.

In the 1 and 2 is schematically a battery 1 with a cell arrangement 2 shown. 1 shows a front view and 2 a top view of the battery 1 , Usually, the battery points 1 also a battery cell frame and / or a suitable housing. These and other common additional and customizable to the particular purpose battery parts are not shown.

The cell arrangement 2 has several battery cells 3 on. The battery cells 3 are in a battery range 4 arranged, the several series-connected battery sections 5 having. Each battery section 5 consists of several electrically parallel connected battery cells 3 , wherein the battery cells 3 arranged one above the other and next to each other. The battery cells 3 are designed as round cells.

The cell arrangement 2 indicates the outer battery sections 5 several positive end connections 6 as well as several negative end connections 7 on. The positive end connections 6 are by a plus line arrangement 8th and the negative end connections 7 by a minus conductor arrangement 9 connected electrically and thermally conductive. In the positive line arrangement 8th and the minus routing arrangement 9 are each electrically conductive plates 10 made of copper.

The battery cells 3 a battery section 5 as well as the battery cells 3 a neighboring battery section 5 are through positive end connections 6 and negative end connections 7 each via a connection plate 12 connected electrically and thermally conductive. Through the connection plates 12 inside the battery 1 become the battery cells 3 connected in parallel and in series. An electric current and a heat flow are made by means of the connection plates 12 over the entire cell arrangement 2 distributed.

The battery cells 3 a battery cell section 5 lie in cell cladding regions 13 to each other. In this way, a particularly compact construction of the battery 1 be achieved. In the drawing is exemplified a cell cladding region 13 a battery cell 3 marked with a reference numeral.

3 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of the battery according to the invention 1 in a sectional view transverse to in the battery 1 arranged battery cells 3 , This is a battery section 5 shown in a cross-sectional view. The individual battery cells 3 are arranged in rows to each other and inside the battery 1 in a potting material 28 arranged. As a result, the battery cells 3 electrically isolated from each other and heat can be directly from these over the potting material 28 be dissipated. The battery cells 3 are each carried out without an insulating jacket. This is possible because they are electrically isolated from each other by the potting material. On an outside of the battery 1 is a cooling plate 29 provided to heat even better from the battery cells 3 about the potting material 28 from the battery 1 to be able to pay. Further, in the battery 1 cooling lines 30 intended. Through this, a coolant can be routed to the battery 1 and in particular the battery cells 3 to cool.

4 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of the battery according to the invention 1 in a sectional view transverse to in the battery 1 arranged battery cells 3 , This is a battery section 5 shown in a cross-sectional view. The individual battery cells 3 are offset from each other and inside the battery 1 in a potting material 28 arranged. Also in this embodiment, the battery cells 3 each executed without an insulating jacket. On an outside of the battery 1 is a cooling plate 29 intended. Inside the battery 1 run cooling lines 30 for cooling the battery 1 ,

5 shows a schematic view of a portion of the second embodiment of the battery according to the invention 1 in a sectional view along along in the battery 1 arranged battery cells 3 , Inside the battery 1 there is a potting material 28 that the battery cells 3 partially encloses. Parallel to the battery cells 3 runs a cooling line 30 , On the case of the battery 1 is a cooling plate 29 intended. The battery cells 3 are on both sides each with a connecting plate 12 contacted. The connection plate 12 has contacting elements 15 in a contacting layer 31 on. Both the contacting elements 15 as well as the contacting layer 31 are electrically and thermally very conductive. In the present case, they are made of copper. The connection plate 12 has two insulation layers 32 put on a metal core 33 of copper opposite the contacting layer 31 isolate. The metal core 33 made of copper is capable of heat from the connection plate 12 dissipate. The metal core 33 is with the heat sink 29 connected. Further, through the metal core 33 the cooling line 30 passed. The cooling line 30 is also due to the potting material 28 passed.

6 shows a schematic view of a portion of a fourth embodiment of the battery according to the invention 1 in a sectional view along along in the battery 1 arranged battery cells 3 , Inside the battery 1 there is a potting material 28 that the battery cells 3 completely encloses. The inside of the battery is complete with the potting material 28 poured out. Parallel to the battery cells 3 runs a cooling line 30 , On the case of the battery 1 is a cooling plate 29 intended. The battery cells are on both sides each with a connection plate 12 contacted. The connection plate 12 has contacting elements 15 in a contacting layer 31 on. Both the contacting elements 15 as well as the contacting layer 31 are electrically and thermally very conductive. In the present case, they are made of copper. The connection plate 12 has two insulation layers 32 put on a metal core 33 of copper opposite the contacting layer 31 isolate. The metal core 33 made of copper is capable of heat from the connection plate 12 dissipate. The metal core 33 is with the heat sink 29 connected. Further, through the metal core 33 a cooling line 30 passed. The cooling line 30 is also due to the potting material 28 passed.

7 shows schematically a cross-sectional view of a possible embodiment of the connecting plate according to the invention 12 , This is the front 14 the connection plate 12 shown. A back side (not shown) of the connection plate 12 is mirrored to the front. The connection plate 12 is designed as a board comprising an electrically non-conductive substrate, in which thermally and electrically conductive elements are integrated. On the front side 14 the connection plate 12 There are several thermally and electrically conductive contacting elements 15 , each with several contact points 16 include. In the middle of each contacting element 15 there is a recess 17 in the connection plate 12 , On the inside of the recess 17 is a thermally and electrically conductive connection conductor 18 arranged, the contacting elements 15 on the two sides on the front 2 and the back (not shown) of the connection plate 1 connects with each other.

The contacting elements 15 are of thermally and electrically conductive conductor loops 19 enclosed. The conductor loops 19 serve one particularly advantageous distribution of the electric current within the connection plate 12 if the connection plate 12 yourself in a battery 1 located. The conductor loops 19 are circular, with the contacting elements 15 each in the center of the conductor loops 19 are located. The conductor loops 19 are each by a thermally and electrically conductive Beabstandungsleiterbahn 20 with the contacting elements 15 electrically connected. The spacer track 20 is dimensioned as a fuse.

The conductor loops 19 form a thermally and electrically conductive connection area 21 , In addition, on the connection plate 12 a contact 22 on the composite of conductor loops 19 intended. There are also other contacts on the board 23 on a measuring conductor 24 intended. At the Messleiterbahn 24 For example, a temperature sensor can be connected to the temperature of the connection plate 12 to investigate.

8th shows a schematic plan view of a second embodiment of the connecting plate 12 the battery of the invention 1 , The connection plate 12 is designed as a board comprising an electrically non-conductive substrate, in which thermally and electrically conductive elements are integrated. On the front side 14 and on the back (not shown) of the connection plate 12 There are several thermally and electrically conductive contacting elements 15 , The contacting elements 15 each comprise a flat contacting area 25 made of a thermally and electrically conductive material. The contacting area 25 is on both sides of the connection plate 12 exposed, allowing it to make electrical and thermal contact with a battery cell 3 suitable is. In the middle of each contacting element 15 there is a recess 17 in the connection plate 12 , On the inside of the recess 17 is a thermally and electrically conductive connection conductor 18 arranged, the contacting elements 15 on the two sides on the front 2 and the back (not shown) of the connection plate 1 connects with each other.

The contacting area 25 is from an electrical insulator 26 surrounded, in which a spacer track 20 is arranged. The spacer track 20 connects the contacting area 25 with a flat, thermally and electrically conductive connection area 21 , The spacer track 20 is dimensioned as a fuse.

Due to the flat connection area 21 is a particularly good management of electricity and heat between the contacting areas 25 the connection plate 12 reached. In addition are on the connection plate 12 several contacts 22 at the area formed connection area 21 intended. Furthermore, the connection plate 12 mounting holes 27 on, which allow the connection plate 12 in a cell arrangement 2 to fix.

9 shows a schematic plan view of a third embodiment of the connecting plate 12 the battery of the invention 1 , The connection plate 12 is designed as a board comprising an electrically non-conductive substrate, in which thermally and electrically conductive elements are integrated. On the front side 14 and on the back (not shown) of the connection plate 12 There are several thermally and electrically conductive contacting elements 15 , The contacting elements 15 each comprise a flat contacting area 25 made of a thermally and electrically conductive material. The contacting area 25 is on both sides of the connection plate 12 exposed, allowing it to make electrical and thermal contact with a battery cell 3 suitable is. In the middle of each contacting element 15 there is a recess 17 in the connection plate 12 , On the inside of the recess 17 is a thermally and electrically conductive connection conductor 18 arranged, the contacting elements 15 on the two sides on the front 2 and the back (not shown) of the connection plate 1 connects with each other.

The contacting area 25 is from an electrical insulator 26 surrounded, in which a spacer track 20 is arranged. The spacer track 20 connects the contacting area 25 with a flat conductor loop 19 , The spacer track 20 is dimensioned as a fuse. At every contact area 25 are several contact points 16 intended.

For every contact area 25 are areal trained conductor loops 19 each provided in a comparatively large transition area 34 connected to each other. Due to the flat conductor loops 19 and the comparatively large transition areas 34 is a particularly good management of electricity and heat between the contacting areas 25 the connection plate 12 reached. In addition are on the connection plate 12 several contacts each 22 on two conductor loops 19 intended. Furthermore, the connection plate 12 mounting holes 27 on, which allow the connection plate 12 in a cell arrangement 2 to fix.

10 shows a schematically illustrated cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the connecting plate 12 the battery of the invention 1 , The connection plate 12 has two contacting layers 31 on that with several contacting elements 15 are provided. In these contacting elements 15 These are areal surveys made up of the contacting layers 31 extend. Each contacting layer 31 and the contacting elements 15 consist of an electrically and thermally conductive material. At every contacting layer 31 is an insulation layer 32 provided a metal core 33 inside the connection plate 12 opposite the contacting layer 31 electrically isolated. Through the metal core 33 are two cooling pipes 30 passed. Through the cooling pipes 30 A cooling fluid can be routed in to the connection plate 12 to cool. The contacting layers 31 are by web elements 35 connected to each other via the insulation layers 32 and the metal core 33 are taken away. Thus, the contacting layers 31 connected to each other both thermally and electrically conductive.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 battery

2

 cell arrangement

3

 battery cell

4

 battery series

5

 battery section

6

 Positive end connection

7

 Negative end connection

8th

 Plus line arrangement

9

 Minus line arrangement

10

Electrically conductive plate

11

Thickness of the plates

12

connecting plate

13

Cell casing region

14

front

15

contacting

16

contacting point

17

recess

18

connecting conductors

19

conductor loop

20

Beabstandungsleiterbahn

21

connecting area

22

Contact

23

Further contact

24

Measuring conductor track

25

contacting

26

Electric insulator

27

mounting hole

28

grout

29

heatsink

30

cooling pipe

31

contacting

32

insulation layer

33

metal core

34

Transition area

35

web element

Claims (24)

Battery ( 1 ) with a cell arrangement ( 2 ), wherein the cell arrangement ( 2 ) several battery cells ( 3 ), which are electrically conductively connected to each other in an electrical series and parallel connection, wherein the cell arrangement ( 2 ) several battery rows ( 4 ) with electrically connected battery cells ( 3 ), wherein the cell arrangement ( 2 ) at least two battery sections ( 5 ) and each battery section ( 5 ) of a plurality of electrically parallel-connected battery cells ( 3 ), and wherein each battery cell ( 4 ) have a positive and a negative end connection ( 7 ), characterized in that the battery cells ( 4 ) of the battery sections ( 5 ) are aligned so that all positive end connections ( 7 ) of the battery cells ( 4 ) of the respective battery section ( 5 ) lie in a common positive contacting plane and that all negative end connections ( 7 ) of the battery cells ( 4 ) of the respective battery section ( 5 ) lie in a common negative contacting plane that the at least two battery sections ( 5 ) are arranged to one another such that end connections ( 7 ) a contacting level of a first battery section ( 5 ) immediately opposite to end connections ( 7 ) a contacting plane of a second battery section ( 5 ) are arranged between at least two successive battery sections ( 5 ) an at least partially electrically and thermally conductive connecting plate ( 12 ) is arranged, the at least two thermally and electrically conductive contacting elements ( 15 ), which are thermally and electrically conductively connected to each other, and that the end connections ( 7 ) of the battery cells ( 3 ) of the two consecutive battery sections ( 5 ) via the contacting elements ( 15 ) of the connecting plate ( 12 ) are electrically and thermally conductively connected to each other so that the battery cells ( 3 ) of the successive battery sections ( 5 ) via the connection plate ( 12 ) are connected in series so that the with the contacting elements ( 15 ) of the connecting plate ( 12 ) thermally and electrically conductive connected battery cells ( 3 ) of a battery section ( 5 ) are thermally and electrically conductively connected to each other and so that an electric current and a heat flow over the entire cell arrangement ( 2 ). Battery ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery cells ( 3 ) are designed as round cells. Battery ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery cells ( 3 ) are arranged so that each battery cell ( 3 ) on at least one further battery cell ( 3 ) in a cell cladding region ( 13 ) is present. Battery ( 1 ) According to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that characterized in that the positive end terminals ( 6 ) at one end of the cell assembly ( 2 ) with a positive line arrangement ( 8th ) and the negative end connections ( 7 ) at one end of the cell assembly ( 2 ) with a negative conductor arrangement ( 9 ) are electrically and thermally conductive connected. Battery according to claim 4, characterized in that the positive lead arrangement ( 8th ) and the minus management order ( 9 ) each have an electrically and thermally conductive connection plate ( 12 ) containing the positive end connections ( 6 ) or the negative end connections ( 7 ) contacted electrically and thermally conductive. Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery cells ( 3 ) and the connecting plates ( 12 ) of the cell arrangement ( 2 ) are pressed together. Battery according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the battery cells ( 3 ) and the connecting plates ( 12 ) of the cell arrangement ( 2 ) are shed together. Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrically and thermally conductive connecting plate ( 12 ) is a circuit board. Battery according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the electrically and thermally conductive connection plate ( 12 ) is a metal plate. Battery according to claim 9, characterized in that the metal plate is a copper plate. Connection plate ( 12 ) for connecting battery cells ( 3 ) for a battery ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the connecting plate ( 12 ) as a circuit board of a non-conductive substrate with a front side ( 2 ) and a rear side is formed, wherein the connecting plate ( 1 ) spaced apart pairs of electrically and thermally conductive contacting elements ( 3 ), each pair of contacting elements ( 3 ) a first contacting element ( 3 ) on the front side ( 2 ) and a second contacting element ( 3 ) on the back of the connection plate ( 1 ), each first contacting element ( 3 ) with every second contacting element ( 3 ) is electrically and thermally conductively connected, and wherein each pair of contacting elements ( 15 ) with each other pair of contacting elements ( 15 ) via an electrically and thermally conductive connection region ( 21 ) on the connection plate ( 12 ) connected is. Connection plate ( 12 ) according to claim 11, characterized in that between at least one pair of contacting elements ( 15 ) and the connection area ( 21 ) a fuse is provided. Connection plate ( 12 ) according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the contacting elements ( 15 ) and the connection area ( 21 ) consist of copper. Connection plate ( 12 ) according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that on the substrate and / or as a material of the substrate for the thermal connection between the pairs of contacting elements ( 15 ) is provided a non-electrically conductive material having a high thermal conductivity. Connection plate ( 12 ) according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the connecting plate ( 12 ) is flexible. Connection plate ( 12 ) according to one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that at least one pair of contacting elements ( 15 ) of an electrical insulator ( 26 ) is surrounded, wherein an electrically and thermally conductive Beabstandungsleiterbahn ( 20 ) the pair of contacting elements ( 15 ) electrically and thermally conductive with the connection region ( 21 ) connects. Connection plate ( 12 ) according to claim 12 and claim 16, characterized in that the spacer track ( 20 ) is dimensioned as a fuse. Connection plate ( 12 ) according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the connection region ( 21 ) is formed flat. Connection plate ( 12 ) according to one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that at least one pair of contacting elements ( 3 ) centrally spaced to an electrically and thermally conductive conductor loop ( 7 ) is arranged, which is the at least one pair of contacting elements ( 3 ) encloses. Connection plate ( 12 ) according to claim 19, characterized in that the conductor loop ( 7 ) is circular. Connection plate ( 12 ) according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that at least one conductor loop ( 7 ) of at least one further conductor loop ( 7 ), wherein immediately enclosing conductor loops ( 7 ) are electrically and thermally connected to each other. Connection plate ( 12 ) according to one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that at least one of a pair of contacting elements ( 3 ) enclosing conductor loop ( 7 ) or extreme further conductor loop ( 7 ) with at least two other conductor loops ( 7 ) or outermost further conductor loops ( 7 ) is electrically conductively connected, the other pairs of contacting elements ( 3 ) enclose. Connection plate ( 12 ) according to one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that the at least one conductor loop ( 7 ) or the at least one outermost further conductor loop ( 7 ) with at least two other conductor loops ( 7 ) or outermost further conductor loops ( 7 ) is connected by the conductor loops ( 7 ) or outermost further conductor loops ( 7 ) are tangent, overlapped, intersected, or interconnected by traces to form a joint region ( 21 ) form. Connection plate ( 12 ) according to any one of claims 11 to 23, characterized in that on or electrically connected to the connection region ( 21 ) at least one contact ( 9 ) is provided.

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