DE202015009556U1 - battery system - Google Patents

Abstract

Battery system, comprising a battery housing (1) for receiving one or more interconnected battery modules and a plug assembly with a plug part (10) and a plug receptacle (11), wherein the housing wall of the battery housing (1) has a double-walled with an inner and a spaced outer wall (13 and 14) is formed, wherein the plug receptacle (11) of the plug assembly is integrated into the housing wall, that for receiving the plug part (10) suitable socket (15) of the plug receptacle (11) relative to the outer wall (14) of the battery case (1) springing back, that is arranged on the inside, is arranged, characterized in that the plug socket (15) of the plug receptacle (11) and a cable (3), which is connected to the socket (15) on the battery side, preferably a high-voltage cable, in a lead-through (2 ) are each arranged concentrically through the housing wall of the battery case (1), which by means of a dünnwa 2c) and this bushing (2) is encompassed by the housing wall of the battery housing (1) at its respective end openings of a respective flange, an inner flange and an outer flange (2a and 2b), wherein from the vehicle side (21) of the battery case (1) the implementation (2) over its entire length inwardly lining plug-in sleeve (4) in the implementation (2) can be inserted, which is designed to be electrically and thermally insulating.

Description

The invention relates to a battery system, comprising a battery housing for receiving one or more interconnected battery modules and a connector assembly with a connector part and a connector receptacle, wherein the housing wall of the battery housing is double-walled with an inner and a spaced apart outer wall, wherein the plug receptacle of the connector assembly is integrated into the housing so that the receptacle suitable for receiving the plug socket of the connector receptacle against the outer wall of the battery housing receding, so inside, is arranged.

Such a battery system is already out of the DE 31 18 692 C2 in the context of a high-temperature battery, in particular for the electric drive of vehicles previously known. The prior art high-temperature battery essentially comprises two electrochemical storage cells, an electrical conductor, and thermal insulation. The thermal insulation is preferably a vacuum insulation. The two memory cells are electrically connected to one another via the mentioned conductor. This consists of two sub-conductors, which are rod-shaped and can be connected or detached from one another in the region of a contact point. In this case, one of the two sub-conductors is provided with a cylindrical bore, so that the second sub-conductor can be inserted into the cylindrical bore for the production of the electrical connection. This hole is arranged in imaginary extension of a passage through the thermal insulation of the high-temperature batteries. The connection of the two sub-conductors can be prepared by the other sub-conductor is pushed through the said passage until it can then be inserted into said cylindrical bore of a sub-conductor. To open the connection, this other sub-conductor can be withdrawn, so that the electrical connection is interrupted.

In this case, the other sub-conductor can usefully only be withdrawn so far that the contact point of this other sub-conductor is still taken in the implementation by the thermal insulation and thus is still electrically isolated from the outside environment.

Moreover, in this context, from the DE 103 19 350 B4 a battery box module for a vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, previously known. It is a mechanically robust box for receiving a vehicle battery and a box closing and detachable from the box lid, the box has a trough-like double wall construction with a switchable vacuum insulation, which is switchable in a thermal through-state and in a thermal insulation state, wherein the module additionally comprises an electrical control, which is responsible for the switching of the vacuum insulation.

The tub-like construction of the previously known battery box module should help to ensure that at least small amounts of leaking battery acid can be collected.

The requirements for such battery cases are reasonably extensive. In the case of mobile applications, such as in the automotive sector, the stored in the housing battery cells or modules must be protected mechanically, on the one hand against the Rüttelbeanspruchung in ordinary driving, as well as in case of damage to the vehicle and thus possibly also the battery case in Trap of an accident. In many countries, a complete encapsulation of the cells of a battery is also required in order to prevent leakage of the battery fluids or of reaction products or the formation of reaction products in the event of damage. Ultimately, the encapsulation also serves the relevant in the vehicle area fire protection.

In particular, in the context of increasing electromobility additional demands are placed on such battery case to improve the life, but also the performance of the batteries used. Even today, it must be ensured that the battery cells accommodated in the battery housing do not cool down so far that the electrochemical processes taking place in the battery freeze or are interrupted. In addition, the battery case must also ensure that any excess heat that may occur, such as during a rapid charge process of the battery, or in the event of increased power drain from the battery, is reliably dissipated. In summary, this means that the temperature must be kept within a medium, permissible range within a battery housing which satisfies today's requirements, ie a defined lower temperature threshold, but also a defined upper temperature threshold within the battery housing may not be undershot or exceeded. It will therefore be necessary in the future to provide intelligent battery housings with intelligent thermal management.

The addressed battery systems, ie z. As lithium-ion batteries, as well as high temperature systems of the type Na / NiCl ₂ are for temperature maintenance in the above-mentioned area mostly of a highly efficient Enclosed Dämmgehäuse, z. B. a double-walled vacuum insulation. Such vacuum insulation are designed as thin as possible for reasons of good use of space. Due to the high power, thick cables, primarily high-voltage cables, must be used to discharge the stored electrical energy. These represent a significant thermal bridge with respect to the heat-insulating effect of the battery housing. Due to the short distance when passing through the - mainly thin - housing wall, the heat losses incurred through this thermal bridge are often orders of magnitude greater than the losses on the undisturbed heat insulation of the entire housing. The leakage through the mentioned cable thus represents within a modern battery case with regard to the requirements of thermal management, the declared vulnerability.

In the case of a battery change in an electric vehicle, it is necessary to decouple the electrical connection between the battery and the drive train of the vehicle. For this purpose, standard high-voltage connectors are usually used today, which are relatively large and unwieldy, at least for the moment. Incidentally, an automated battery change with these connector systems usually can not be realized.

Based on this prior art, the invention is based on the object to provide a battery case, which minimizes the heat loss in the field of leakage of electrical energy from the battery case via a cable and moreover practical advantages such as in the field of contact protection as well as in automated or semi-automatic battery replacement.

This object is achieved by a battery system according to the current claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention can be taken from the dependent claims 2-11.

As mentioned, the invention relates to a battery system comprising a battery housing and a plug arrangement with a plug part and a plug receptacle. The peculiarity of the solution according to the invention over the prior art consists in the fact that the plug socket of the plug receptacle, which is suitable for receiving the plug part, springs back against the outer wall of the battery housing, that is to say it is arranged on the inside in the region of the housing wall. As a result, the corresponding plug connection is thus arranged within the insulated battery housing, so that the thermal bridge described above has been displaced from the battery housing into the housing and thus into the protected and insulated area in the region of the discharge of the electrical energy. In this case, the socket of the connector receptacle and a battery side of the socket subsequent cable, preferably a high-voltage cable, each concentrically arranged in a passage through the housing wall of the battery case, which is realized by means of a thin-walled tube or a corrugated bellows. The thin-walledness of the respective pipe or bellows forming the bushing has the advantage that the power dissipated via the bushing is already considerably reduced. In addition, the implementation is lined over its entire length by means of a receptacle inwändig, which can be easily inserted from the vehicle side into the implementation and in turn is also designed to be electrically and thermally insulating. This, too, is an effective contribution to further reduce a possible electro-but also heat-technical power loss.

In an advantageous embodiment, the connector receptacle relative to the outer wall of the battery case is arranged so that the closed coupling between a plug of the plug part and the socket of the plug receptacle is completely accommodated in the region between the inner and the outer wall of the housing of the battery housing, so that also the entire clutch is arranged in the thermally insulated area of the battery housing.

The potential heat losses are effectively reduced by further advantage in that the bushing is formed vacuum-tight with respect to the adjacent housing wall of the battery housing.

In a practical embodiment, the socket is firmly connected to a arranged on the battery side of the battery case outer flange, preferably screwed, and additionally sealed on the battery facing end of the implementation by means of suitable sealing elements, so that at this point possible convection currents between the end facing the battery Implementation and the subsequent environment are prevented. Alternatively, the vacuum-tight feedthrough could also be direct, i. without the said flanges welded directly to the outer wall. In this case, for the fixation of the coupling in the implementation alternatively suitable bolts are welded to the outer wall or the coupling is glued in the desired position with the outer wall. This variant would have the advantage of a reduced weight compared to the embodiment explained above.

In concrete embodiment, the plug receptacle in the socket, ie within the Implementation fixed in a recessed position such that at any time an effective contact protection is given to the outside, because the connector receptacle in the mentioned fixed position is not accessible from the outside.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the remote from the side facing the battery in the aforementioned implementation of the battery housing plug part, which consists first of the plug itself and an electrical conductor connected thereto, designed such that the electrical conductor of a conductor concentrically enclosing the insulator is surrounded, wherein the insulator with a closed connection of the plug and socket is positively connected to a corresponding conical projection of the socket, which is also disposed on the side facing away from the battery of the battery case. As a result, on the one hand, the passage is extended by the cone-like projection of the plug-in sleeve and the insulator connected in the closed state with the cone-like projection, so that the contact protection is further improved as a result. Incidentally, the protected area formed in the passage to form the clutch is actually extended and thus extends and improves the electrical insulation and the thermal insulation around the said area.

The extension of the implementation is also dimensioned so that even with the coupling between the plug part and plug receptacle continue both the plug part and the plug receptacle remain in the implementation, so that even with the clutch is still an effective contact protection. It is therefore possible to withdraw the plug part in the region of the insulator connected to the cone-like attachment of the plug insulator about the supply cable so far that the clutch is open, so the vehicle-side cable from the battery side cable is not only electrically, but also thermally decoupled , whereby the heat flow through this bridge is interrupted. Nevertheless remains in this position, both the plug part and the plug receptacle in the mentioned implementation. In this context, it should be noted that the cone-like attachment of the socket is usefully also made of an insulating material and thus also fulfills the function of an insulator.

Moreover, it has proven useful if both the insulator with the conical projection and the conical projection are connected to each other with the outer wall of the battery case with the interposition of a seal with a closed connection between the plug and socket, or abut each other. This prevents water or other liquid from penetrating into the battery housing in the vicinity of these connections. If necessary, this can be provided for a further seal between the insulator and the subsequent on the vehicle side parts.

Moreover, it has proven useful if both the battery-side cable of the plug receptacle and the vehicle-side conductor of the plug part are each provided with a highly insulating cover, because this further reduces the heat losses of the cable or conductor usually designed as a high-voltage cable.

Incidentally, it makes sense if the battery-side cable of the socket is sealed relative to the receptacle and / or the implementation by means of an expansion seal enclosing the cable. This is to be understood as meaning a seal which expands as intended at a defined temperature rise and subsequently closes any gap between the cable and the plug-in sleeve concentrically enclosing the cable. This seal prevents in case of fire, especially in a battery fire that fire gases or leaking battery fluid or other reaction products can escape via the implementation or the receptacle.

Due to the arrangement of the implementation within the battery housing and furthermore the arrangement of the connector receptacle in this implementation, the connector receptacle is clearly defined in terms of their position, so that it is also possible to position the vehicle-side connector part such and fix that this exactly on the location and position of the bushing and the plug receptacle received therein are aligned. In this way, an automatic disengagement and engagement of the plug part can be realized, which in turn allows the implementation of an automatic battery change, as this the decoupling of the battery from the drive train of the vehicle can be performed automatically.

• 1: ein Batteriesystem, umfassend ein Batteriegehäuse mit einer in einer Durchführung des Batteriegehäuses integrierten Steckerkupplung im Querschnitt.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown only schematically in the drawing:
Show it:

• 1 a battery system comprising a battery housing with a plug coupling integrated in a passage of the battery housing in cross-section.

1 shows a battery case 1 comprising an inner wall 13 and an outer wall 14 , The inner wall is on the so-called battery side 20 and the outer wall on the so-called side of the vehicle 21 of the battery case 1 arranged. The space 22 between the inner and the outer wall ( 13 and 14 ) may for example be provided with a supported vacuum insulation of a porous support material, said vacuum insulation is advantageously formed switchable between an isolation and a passage state and may optionally be provided with additional cooling elements.

Here is the battery case 1 in the section of the housing wall 12 shown here with a passage 2 provided by a corrugated bellows in the present example 2c is limited. In this implementation 2 is a socket 4 from the vehicle side 21 inserted, which consists of a thermo-technical and electrical insulation material. This jackets clothes 4 the entire implementation 2 Inadequate. Here is the socket 4 on the vehicle side 21 with one performing 2 concentrically enclosing flange 2 B firmly screwed and thereby opposite the battery case 1 sealed. On the battery side 20 of the housing is the socket 4 with the interposition of a suitable sealing element 8th , such as a sealing ring, opposite a circumferential flange 2a opposite the battery case 1 sealed.

In the implementation 2 is a plug receptacle 11 with a socket 15 and a cable connected to it 3 , which is usually a highly thermally insulated high-voltage cable, firmly positioned. The positioning ensures that the socket 15 within the implementation 2 , within the insulating plug sleeve 4 , and is arranged so protected from contact.

Here is the cable 3 in the socket 4 from an expansion seal 19 enclosed concentrically. This expansion seal 19 expands as intended from a defined temperature level such that any gap between the cable 3 and the socket 4 is closed. This ensures that in case of fire, especially in a fire of the battery, no reaction gases, battery fluid or other reaction products through this gap on the implementation 2 from the battery case 1 can escape.

From the vehicle side 21 may, if necessary, to form a closed coupling a plug part 10 comprising a plug 7 with a connected conductor 5 , which is also a high heat insulated high voltage cable, in the implementation 2 be pushed in until the plug 7 under formation of the plug connection in the socket 15 locked. Here is the leader 5 of the plug part 10 with one the plug part 10 partially concentrically enclosing insulator 6 Mistake. Here is the insulator 6 such at a defined distance from the plug 7 of the plug part 10 arranged that with the clutch closed, so with closed connection between plug 7 and socket 15 , the insulator 6 positive fit with a cone projection 9 the socket 4 connected is.

In addition, the insulator 6 on the cone ledge 9 facing side with a seal 17 provided so that when the connection between the insulator 6 and the cone projection 9 no water or other liquids in the passage 2 can penetrate. The reason is another seal 16 in the area between the battery case 1 facing side of the cone projection 9 and the outer wall 14 of the battery case 1 arranged so that even at this point no liquid in the Duchführung 2 can penetrate.

In addition, the plug part 10 on the insulator 6 from the implementation 2 into a defined position in the 1 is shown, withdrawn, in which the connection between plug 7 and the socket 15 is interrupted, both in terms of electrical engineering and in terms of thermal engineering. Also in this position remain both the plug 7 as well as the socket 15 in that by the implementation 2 or through the socket 4 protected, in particular touch-protected area. This position can be selected, for example, during prolonged periods of downtime of a vehicle, such as during a cold night, so that heat dissipation is prevented by the otherwise closed clutch, wherein the electrically conductive parts of the plug 7 and the socket 15 continue in the non-contact area of the implementation 2 remain.

Due to the arrangement of the plug part 10 and the plug receptacle 11 existing coupling in an electro- and thermally insulated implementation 2 of the battery case 1 the otherwise existing in this area thermal bridges are largely interrupted or at least the otherwise existing convection currents drastically reduced. Another advantage of positioning the plug receptacle 11 in the implementation 2 is that thus due to the unique relative position of the Steckeraufnahme11 as well as the plug part 10 an automated opening and formation of the connection can be realized in a simple manner. This in turn allows automatic battery removal or automated battery replacement.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

battery case

2

execution

2a

inner flange

2 B

outer flange

2c

bellows

3

electric wire

4

receptacle

5

ladder

6

insulator

7

plug

8th

sealing element

9

conical projection

10

plug part

11

plug receptacle

13

inner wall

14

outer wall

15

socket

16

another seal

17

poetry

19

expansion seal

20

battery side

21

side of the vehicle

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 3118692 C2
• DE 10319350 B4 [0004]

Claims (11)

Battery system, comprising a battery housing (1) for receiving one or more interconnected battery modules and a plug assembly with a plug part (10) and a plug receptacle (11), wherein the housing wall of the battery housing (1) has a double-walled with an inner and a spaced outer wall (13 and 14) is formed, wherein the plug receptacle (11) of the plug assembly is integrated into the housing wall, that for receiving the plug part (10) suitable socket (15) of the plug receptacle (11) relative to the outer wall (14) of the battery case (1) springing back, that is arranged on the inside, is arranged, characterized in that the plug socket (15) of the plug receptacle (11) and a cable (3), which is connected to the socket (15) on the battery side, preferably a high-voltage cable, in a lead-through (2 ) are each arranged concentrically through the housing wall of the battery case (1), which by means of a dünnw 2c) and this bushing (2) is encompassed by the housing wall of the battery housing (1) at its respective end openings of a respective flange, an inner flange and an outer flange (2a and 2b), wherein from the vehicle side (21) of the battery case (1) the implementation (2) over its entire length inwardly lining plug-in sleeve (4) in the implementation (2) can be inserted, which is designed to be electrically and thermally insulating. Battery system after Claim 1 , characterized in that the plug receptacle (11) relative to the outer wall (14) of the battery case (1) is arranged so that when the coupling is closed between the plug (7) of the plug part (10) and the socket (15) of the plug receptacle ( 11) this closed coupling is completely received in the area between the inner and outer walls (13 and 14) of the housing wall of the battery case (1). Battery system after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the passage (2) relative to the adjacent housing wall (12) of the battery case (1) is formed vacuum-tight. Battery system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plug-in sleeve (4) with the on the vehicle side (21) of the battery case (1) arranged outer flange (2b) fixedly connected, preferably screwed, and on the battery side (20) of the implementation (2) is preferably sealed against convection currents by means of suitable sealing elements (8). Battery system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plug receptacle (11) is fixed in the receptacle (4) in a recessed position such that at any time an effective contact protection is provided. Battery system according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plug part (10) to be inserted partially from the vehicle side (21) of the battery housing (1) has an electrical conductor (5) which is connected to a plug (7 is electrically conductively connected, and one with the electrical conductor (5) fixedly connected insulator (6), wherein the insulator (6) with a closed connection of plug (7) and socket (15) form-fitting manner with a conical projection (9) of Plug-in sleeve (4) is connected. Battery system after Claim 6 , characterized in that the conical projection (9) of the socket (4) extends the battery housing (1) penetrating passage (2) on the vehicle side (21) of the battery case (1) such that the plug part (10) on the with the electrical conductor (5) firmly connected insulator (6) so far out of the bushing (2) is pulled out, that on the one hand, the electrically conductive connection and the heat technology coupling between the plug part (10) and plug receptacle (11) is interrupted, and on the other hand at the same time both Plug part (10) and the plug receptacle (11) so far in the bushing (2) are included, further that an effective contact protection and thermal insulation of the electrical conductor (5) is given. Battery system after Claim 6 or 7 , characterized in that both the insulator (6) with a closed connection of the plug (7) and socket (15) form-fitting manner with the conical projection (9) with the interposition of a seal (17) of the socket (4) and the conical projection (9) with the interposition of a further seal (16) with the outer wall (14) of the battery case (1) is connected. Battery system according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that both the battery-side cable (3) of the plug receptacle (11) and the vehicle-side conductor (5) of the plug part (10) are each provided with a highly heat-insulating envelope. Battery system after Claim 9 , characterized in that the battery-side cable (3) by means of an expansion seal (19) relative to the plug-in sleeve (4) is sealed. Battery system according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle-side plug part (10) in such a way is fixed, that position and position exactly on the position and position of the implementation (2) and the ebendort recorded plug receptacle (11) is aligned.

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