DE202011110933U1 - Device for controlling a wind turbine - Google Patents

Device for controlling a wind turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
DE202011110933U1
DE202011110933U1 DE202011110933.3U DE202011110933U DE202011110933U1 DE 202011110933 U1 DE202011110933 U1 DE 202011110933U1 DE 202011110933 U DE202011110933 U DE 202011110933U DE 202011110933 U1 DE202011110933 U1 DE 202011110933U1
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wind turbine
wind
measuring
control module
module
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B3/00—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor
    • B62B3/12—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor characterised by three-wheeled construction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B3/00—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor
    • B62B3/02—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor involving parts being adjustable, collapsible, attachable, detachable or convertible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B5/00—Accessories or details specially adapted for hand carts
    • B62B5/06—Hand moving equipment, e.g. handle bars
    • B62B5/067—Stowable or retractable handle bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0296—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor to prevent, counteract or reduce noise emissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/80—Arrangement of components within nacelles or towers
    • F03D80/82—Arrangement of components within nacelles or towers of electrical components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B2202/00—Indexing codes relating to type or characteristics of transported articles
    • B62B2202/12—Boxes, Crates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B2202/00—Indexing codes relating to type or characteristics of transported articles
    • B62B2202/64—Documents, files or paper sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B2301/00—Wheel arrangements; Steering; Stability; Wheel suspension
    • B62B2301/10—Adjusting the position of the wheel axles to increase stability
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/96—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/32—Wind speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/321—Wind directions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/323—Air humidity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/325—Air temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/333—Noise or sound levels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/80—Devices generating input signals, e.g. transducers, sensors, cameras or strain gauges
    • F05B2270/81—Microphones
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

Windkraftanlage bekannter Bauart dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an einer Gondel (1) der Windkraftanlage ein Messmodul (3) und ein Steuermodul (4) zur Messung von Temperatur, Feuchte, Windgeschwindigkeit und Windrichtung vorhanden sind und weiterhin im unteren Bereich des Turmes der Windkraftanlage ein Messpunkt Windgeschwindigkeit (4) angeordnet ist und das Steuermodul (4) und das Messmodul (3) an der Gondel (1) der Windkraftanlage mit dem Steuermodul (4) in der Gondel (1) der Windkraftanlage verbunden sind.Wind turbine of known design, characterized in that on a nacelle (1) of the wind turbine, a measuring module (3) and a control module (4) for measuring temperature, humidity, wind speed and wind direction are present and further in the lower part of the tower of the wind turbine, a measuring point wind speed (4) is arranged and the control module (4) and the measuring module (3) are connected to the nacelle (1) of the wind turbine with the control module (4) in the nacelle (1) of the wind turbine.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung einer Windkraftanlage. The invention relates to a device of a wind turbine.

Windkraftanlagen geben aufgrund der Luftanströmung und des Anstellwinkels der Rotorblätter Schallwellen ab. Diese können zur Belästigung der in der Nähe bewohnten Regionen führen. Dieser Effekt ist sowohl im hörbaren akustischen Bereich (TA Lärm) wie auch mit Infraschall bekannt. Wind turbines emit sound waves due to the air flow and the angle of attack of the rotor blades. These can lead to harassment of the nearby inhabited regions. This effect is known both in the audible acoustic range (TA noise) as well as infrasound.

Der Luftbetriebsschalleintrag und die Schallausbreitung werden von verschiedenen Parametern (Randbedingungen), wie zum Beispiel Windgeschwindigkeit, Windrichtung, Strömungsprofil usw. mehr oder weniger stark beeinflusst. Airborne sound input and sound propagation are more or less affected by various parameters (boundary conditions), such as wind speed, wind direction, airfoil etc.

Die Ausbreitung und die Reichweite des entstandenen Schallpegels hängen dabei maßgeblich von der Windrichtung und der Windgeschwindigkeit ab. Je stärker der Wind desto weiter wird der Schallpegel transportiert. The propagation and the range of the resulting sound level depend largely on the wind direction and the wind speed. The stronger the wind, the further the sound level is transported.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung zur Verringerung des Schallpegels einer Windkraftanlage durch Messung von Temperatur, Feuchte, Windgeschwindigkeit und Windrichtung zu entwickeln, wobei verschiedene Messpunkte an der Windkraftanlage vorhanden sind. The object of the invention is to develop a device for reducing the sound level of a wind turbine by measuring temperature, humidity, wind speed and wind direction, with different measuring points are present at the wind turbine.

Die Erfindung betrifft die schallpegelabhängige Steuerung der Windkraftanlagen durch die Erfassung des von der Windkraftanlage erzeugten Schalldruckes und die räumliche Modellierung der 2- oder 3-dimensionalen Ausbreitung der Schallwellen. The invention relates to the sound level-dependent control of wind turbines by detecting the sound pressure generated by the wind turbine and the spatial modeling of the 2- or 3-dimensional propagation of the sound waves.

Zusätzlich zum Schalldruckpegel werden Windrichtung, Lufttemperatur und Feuchtigkeit mittels geeigneter Sensoren erfasst. Die Messwertaufnahme durch Sensoren erfolgt direkt an der Windkraftanlage. Um die unterschiedlichen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten in der vertikalen Ausbreitung zu erfassen, befinden sich Sensoren in der Gondel und im Turm. In addition to the sound pressure level, wind direction, air temperature and humidity are recorded by means of suitable sensors. The measured value recording by sensors takes place directly at the wind turbine. To detect the different flow velocities in the vertical spread, there are sensors in the nacelle and in the tower.

Das System lässt sich auf alle Windkraftanlagen anwenden (vor allem Pitch- und Stall-Systeme) The system can be applied to all wind turbines (especially pitch and stable systems)

Durch die gewonnenen Daten lässt sich die Schallpegelausbreitung ermitteln. Befindet sich die Windkraftanlage zum Beispiel in der Nähe von Ortschaften, kann durch die Verstellung des Pitchwinkels (Pitch- oder Stall-Regelung) die Lärmbelästigung effizient verringert werden. Während sonst die Windkraftanlagen abgestellt werden mussten, kann mit dieser Einrichtung ein kontinuierlicher Weiterbtrieb erfolgen. The data obtained can be used to determine the sound level propagation. For example, if the wind turbine is near villages, adjusting the pitch angle (pitch or stall control) can effectively reduce noise pollution. While otherwise the wind turbines had to be turned off, can be done with this device, a continuous Weiterbtrieb.

Wesentliche erfindungsmäßige Verfahrensschritte zur Vorrichtung:

  • – Steuerung der Windkraftanlage durch den von ihr erzeugten Schallpegel, um Schallpegelgrenzwerte nicht zu überschreiten;
  • – Regelung und Einhaltung zulässiger Schallemissionswerte in Wohngebieten, die ausgehend mit dem Betrieb von Windenergieanlagen verursacht werden;
  • – die Sensoren werden so angeordnet, dass eine Berechnung der Schallpegelkeule in Windrichtung vorgenommen werden kann;
  • – Sensoren im Umkreis der Windkraftanlage (in den bewohnten Gebieten) sind nicht notwendig;
  • – das System steuert die Windkraftanlage derart, dass durch eine Veränderung der Rotorblattwinkel oder Leistungsveränderung die Schallbelästigung in der Umgebung minimiert wird, ohne dass das System abgeschaltet werden muss;
  • – Optimierung der Ertrags- und Leistungsfähigkeit von Windenergieanlagen; eine Abschaltung der Anlage (Stillstand wegen zu hoher Schallemissionen) wird durch die prozessgesteuert regelbare Schallemissionsentwicklung (Geschwindigkeitsreduzierung) nahezu ausgeschlossen;
  • – das System arbeitet vollständig autark;
  • – in Windparks ist es auch möglich, die Wetterdaten (Temperatur, Feuchtigkeit, eventuell auch Windrichtung und Windgeschwindigkeit) von einer externen nahegelegenen Wetterstation aufzunehmen.
Substantial method steps according to the invention for the device:
  • - Control of the wind turbine by the sound level generated by it, so as not to exceed sound level limits;
  • - regulation and compliance with permissible sound emission levels in residential areas, which are caused by the operation of wind turbines;
  • - The sensors are arranged so that a calculation of the sound level lobe can be made in the wind direction;
  • - Sensors in the vicinity of the wind turbine (in the inhabited areas) are not necessary;
  • - The system controls the wind turbine so that by changing the rotor blade angle or power change, the noise pollution in the environment is minimized without the system must be switched off;
  • - Optimization of the yield and efficiency of wind turbines; a shutdown of the system (standstill due to excessive noise emissions) is almost excluded by the process-controlled variable acoustic emission development (speed reduction);
  • - the system works completely self-sufficient;
  • - In wind farms it is also possible to record the weather data (temperature, humidity, possibly also wind direction and wind speed) from an external nearby weather station.

1 zeigt eine Windkraftanlage, wobei an dem Messpunkt 2 eine Windgeschwindigkeit gemessen und an der Gondel 1 mit dem Messmodul 3 eine Messung der Temperaturfeuchte, Windgeschwindigkeit und Windrichtung durchgeführt wird. 1 shows a wind turbine, wherein at the measuring point 2 a wind speed measured and at the gondola 1 with the measuring module 3 a measurement of the temperature humidity, wind speed and wind direction is performed.

2 zeigt eine Gondel 1 einer Windkraftanlage, wobei ein Messmodul 3 gegeben ist, welches die Temperaturfeuchte, Windgeschwindigkeit und Windrichtung erfasst und über ein Steuermodul 4 hin zum Messpunkt 2 der Windgeschwindigkeit zusammenführt. Über entsprechende Überleitungsmöglichkeiten per Funk, Satellit bzw. Verkabelung werden diese Daten ausgewertet und als Information an die Windkraftanlage zurückgeführt. 2 shows a gondola 1 a wind turbine, wherein a measuring module 3 is given, which detects the temperature humidity, wind speed and wind direction and a control module 4 towards the measuring point 2 the wind speed merges. Via corresponding transfer options via radio, satellite or cabling, these data are evaluated and fed back to the wind turbine as information.

Die 3 zeigt eine grafische Darstellung über die Lärmverteilung in der Umgebung einer Windkraftanlage. Der Einfluss der Windgeschwindigkeit und Windrichtung ist in der Grafik nicht berücksichtigt. The 3 shows a graphical representation of the noise distribution in the environment of a wind turbine. The influence of wind speed and wind direction is not considered in the graph.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 1
Gondel gondola
2 2
Messpunkt Windgeschwindigkeit Measuring point wind speed
3 3
Messmodul measurement module
4 4
Steuermodul control module

Claims (1)

Windkraftanlage bekannter Bauart dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an einer Gondel (1) der Windkraftanlage ein Messmodul (3) und ein Steuermodul (4) zur Messung von Temperatur, Feuchte, Windgeschwindigkeit und Windrichtung vorhanden sind und weiterhin im unteren Bereich des Turmes der Windkraftanlage ein Messpunkt Windgeschwindigkeit (4) angeordnet ist und das Steuermodul (4) und das Messmodul (3) an der Gondel (1) der Windkraftanlage mit dem Steuermodul (4) in der Gondel (1) der Windkraftanlage verbunden sind. Wind turbine of known type, characterized in that on a nacelle ( 1 ) of the wind turbine, a measuring module ( 3 ) and a control module ( 4 ) for measuring temperature, humidity, wind speed and wind direction are present and continue in the lower part of the tower of the wind turbine, a measuring point wind speed ( 4 ) and the control module ( 4 ) and the measuring module ( 3 ) at the gondola ( 1 ) of the wind turbine with the control module ( 4 ) in the gondola ( 1 ) of the wind turbine are connected.
DE202011110933.3U 2011-01-17 2011-01-17 Device for controlling a wind turbine Expired - Lifetime DE202011110933U1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202011110933.3U DE202011110933U1 (en) 2011-01-17 2011-01-17 Device for controlling a wind turbine

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011000169A DE102011000169A1 (en) 2011-01-17 2011-01-17 Method for controlling generation of sound level in wind turbine installed in village, involves measuring wind speed at measuring point of wind turbine, and guiding measured data to evaluation unit
DE202011110933.3U DE202011110933U1 (en) 2011-01-17 2011-01-17 Device for controlling a wind turbine

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DE202011110933U1 true DE202011110933U1 (en) 2017-05-11

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DE102011000169A Withdrawn DE102011000169A1 (en) 2011-01-17 2011-01-17 Method for controlling generation of sound level in wind turbine installed in village, involves measuring wind speed at measuring point of wind turbine, and guiding measured data to evaluation unit
DE202011110933.3U Expired - Lifetime DE202011110933U1 (en) 2011-01-17 2011-01-17 Device for controlling a wind turbine

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE102011000169A Withdrawn DE102011000169A1 (en) 2011-01-17 2011-01-17 Method for controlling generation of sound level in wind turbine installed in village, involves measuring wind speed at measuring point of wind turbine, and guiding measured data to evaluation unit

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