DE202010004482U1 - camp - Google Patents

Abstract

Bearings made of fibrous material,
characterized,
that as a fibrous material, a cured multi-layer metal strip or wire is used and
that the fibers are pressed together by cold plastic deformation.

Description

The The invention relates to a bearing according to the preambles of the claim 1.

The Invention can be used in mechanical engineering, in particular for rolling and sliding bearings of various Mechanisms and machines as well as for machine components such as rollers, Rollers, bushings, axles and other parts are used.

It are numerous designs of rolling bearings known, whose components are made from the full [1].

Of the Disadvantage of this design exists in an elevated Material consumption and a high workload during production.

It is an execution a bearing [2] known, the inner ring of metal and a Outer ring has. The outer ring is made of a cast material z. B. polyamide formed. This Material is in one over the mounting dimensions enacting thin Metal shell encapsulated.

Of the Disadvantage of this design exists in an elevated Material consumption and a high workload during production of the inner ring and an insufficient Strength of the tread of the outer ring.

20/00, 1991], das Bauteile aufweist, deren Kern aus einem Faserstoff hergestellt ist.The closest to the invention prior art (prototype) is an execution of the camp [copyright USSR No. 1682091, Kl. B 23

20/00, 1991], which has components whose core is made of a pulp.

20/00, 1991], das eine Aufwicklung von mehreren Schichten eines Walzguts auf einer Spule einschließt, welche als Außenschale des Bauteils verwendet wird [Prototyp]. Als Walzgut wird ein Metallfaden eingesetzt. Die Befestigung der Außenschichten des Bauteils erfolgt durch Aufpressen einer Metallschale auf das Bauteil, die der Außenform des Bauteils entspricht.Also known is a method [copyright USSR No. 1682091, Kl. B 23

20/00, 1991], which involves winding a plurality of layers of rolled stock on a spool, which is used as the outer shell of the component [prototype]. As rolling a metal thread is used. The attachment of the outer layers of the component takes place by pressing a metal shell on the component, which corresponds to the outer shape of the component.

Of the Disadvantage of such an embodiment for the manufacture of the bearing consists in a reduced rigidity of the component, because there is a lot of space between the individual Turns. Another shortcoming is insufficient strength of the component, because the material of the component is in unattached form inserted and the tension between the outer shell and the yielding Core is too weak.

It The object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned, namely the rigidity and strength of the bearing components too increase.

The posed object is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 2 solved.

at the known design, the components of a pulp, is as pulp a cured one multilayer metal strip or wire used and the fibers are pressed together by plastic cold deformation.

at the known method of manufacturing the bearing, which forms a the components by winding several layers of a rolling stock includes, the rolling stock is hardened plastically-brittle Condition used. Before laying the turns is the rolling stock plastically bent. The laying of the turns is done under tension, causes the tensile stresses. The tensile stresses reach the elastic limit of rolling stock. After or during the winding is rolled to be molded component, the necessary Fiber density, the nominal shape and dimensions of the component complied become.

• 1. Der Faserstoff, aus dem das Bauteil hergestellt ist, ist ein Metallband oder -draht.
• 2. Das Metallband oder -draht befindet sich in einem verdichteten und ausgehärteten Zustand.

The main distinguishing features of the registered version of the warehouse are as follows:

• 1. The pulp from which the component is made is a metal band or wire.
• 2. The metal strip or wire is in a compacted and cured state.

There the metal wire or ribbon is in the pressed state, elevated the strength and rigidity of the component. By doing that Hardened tape or wire is used receives the component a high strength. This also increases the strength reached the entire component.

Of the Use of a cured Rolled goods for winding carries to increase the component strength at. It is important that the rolling stock before the Laying the turns is plastically bent. This excludes that the windings after winding by permanent elastic Release bending stresses. The same goes for laying the turns with the highest possible Tension, because the turns keep each other through the resulting friction firmly. The rolling eliminates tensile stresses in the turns of the component, gives the component the higher strength and stability and shapes the desired shapes and dimensions of the component surface.

The The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. Show it:

1 a variant of an axial rolling bearing,

2 an embodiment of a ball bearing,

3 the scheme for the winding of the rolling stock on the component

4 the same winding scheme in cross-section,

5 the scheme for rolling the component and

6 same scheme for rolling in cross section.

In 1 is the cross section of an axial roller bearing having an inner diameter d _v , an outer diameter d _n and a height h shown. Between the top 1 and lower 2 Ring are balls 3 brought in. As material for the upper one 1 and the bottom one 2 Ring is a pressed band of a cured plastic-brittle material used. This ensures a high strength of the component. The metal fibers in the rings 1 and 2 are arranged along the axis of rotation. This ensures a smooth running of the bearing and helps to increase its life. The Rings 1 and 2 are with plastic cups 4 and 5 doused. The shell 5 Has a heel that is in a ring groove of the plastic shell 4 received. Together they form a castle 6 , The castle 6 prevents unwanted separation of the rings 4 and 5 and falling out of the balls 3 , The labyrinth room, between the bowls 4 and 5 is formed, as well as the castle 6 keep grease in the bearing and prevent ingress of external contaminants into the bearing.

wobei d_s der Nenndurchmesser der Kugeln und d_g und der Durchmesser der Kugelrille ist.The balls are installed without cage. This simplifies the manufacture of the bearing and increases its permissible external load. The required number of balls in the ball bearing is given by the following dependency:

where d _{s is} the nominal diameter of the balls and d _g and the diameter of the ball groove.

The target number z of the balls is rounded down to a minimum integer z _f . The required actual diameter of the balls is calculated according to the formula: d sf = d G * Sin (π / z f ) - Δ s where Δ _{s stands} for an admissible ball play: Δ _s = (0.05 ... 0.10) mm.

If the ball game higher is set as shown, the balls are unevenly along the ball run the ball groove distributed and can clash.

In 2 an embodiment of a ball bearing is shown. Between the outer ring 7 and the inner ring 8th are balls 9 arranged. The outer ring 7 and the inner ring 8th are made of a compressed metal wire whose turns lie close together. In addition, the material of the rings is bent plastically after winding, so that the windings are arranged densely along the component surface. Within the component, the windings have not been compressed so much that a certain amount of air has remained therebetween.

The balls 9 are through a cage 10 separated. The cage 10 is also made of a cured ge pressed metal strip, which causes its high strength and simplifies the production of the bearing.

3 and 4 show the production of a bearing rings. The component 11 is made of a metal band made of a plastic-brittle hardened material. The component 11 is made by placing the tape on a spike 12 is wound up. The thorn 12 is in the case 13 movably installed. When the tape is rewinding the mandrel 12 together with the housing 13 rotated about the axis OO. The component 11 becomes inside a cylindrical shape 14 shaped a hole for wire pulling ( 4 ) having.

Before winding, the tape with a roll 15 ( 4 ) is bent plastically so that it assumes a bend whose radius is equal to the winding radius. This prevents loosening of the turns after winding.

The tape is wound up with a tension. The tensioning force P is equal to: P = (0.8 ÷ 0.95) · σ u · s where σ _{u is} the elastic limit of the strip material and s is the transverse surface of the strip.

The allows it, one for to achieve the post-processing necessary strength of the component.

In the thorn 12 with an eccentricity e is a cylindrical surface 16 ( 3 ) formed on which an eccentric bushing 17 is installed. This socket 17 takes a roll head 18 on. When winding up the component 11 be the jack 17 and the rolling head 18 equidistant to the surface of the spine 12 arranged and together with the thorn 12 rotated about the axis OO.

After the completion of the winding up, the thorn 12 and the shape 14 in the axial direction with respect to the housing 13 ( 5 and 6 ), so that the rolling head 18 at the former location of the thorn 12 in the opening of the component 11 is installed. Form 14 indicates at the location where the component 11 is positioned on a continuous inner cylindrical surface. After that, the case becomes 13 and the mold is made to rotate at a frequency n _k , the mandrel 12 is stopped by turning ( 6 ). By frictional forces, the housing rotates 13 and the shape 14 with the component 11 , At the same time, with a frequency n _r, the eccentric socket becomes 17 around the axis of the cylindrical surface 16 of the thorn 12 ( 6 ) turned. The rolling head is rolling 18 over the opening of the component 11 and gradually compresses them radially. The rolling head 18 is based on the profile of the future component, eg. B. outer ring of the ball bearing, shaped. Therefore, rolling is not just the component 11 but also pressed the ball groove on the inner surface.

Following the radial rolling is applied to the forehead of the component 11 a forehead roll head 19 cited, whose axis at an angle α to the axis of rotation of the component 11 is ordered to. The brow roll head 19 becomes freewheel with the component 11 brought. Through the on the forehead roll head 19 applied force G ( 5 ) becomes the component 11 compressed in the axial direction. If necessary, the front roller head 19 a profile (not shown) is formed with which a required profile on the front of the component, for. B. a ball groove is pressed into the running disk.

To The same principle is used to make the inner bearing rings. In this case, however, the rolling head becomes on the outer surface of the Component arranged in the mold (not shown).

example

ausgeführt sind. Dieses Material der Schalen 4 und 5 weist eine genügend hohe Festigkeit auf und hält die Ringe 1 und 2 sicher fest. Angenommen, dass der Profilradius der Kugelrille 3,03 mm beträgt. Bei einem solchem Größenverhältnis der Wälzkörper und Kugelrillen unter Beachtung einer zulässigen Kontaktspannung beträgt die statische Belastbarkeitssicherheit des Lagers 74520 N. Dadurch wird eine 70%ige Reserve an stati scher Belastbarkeit des Lagers gesichert und der Einsatz des ausgewählten Bandmaterials ist gerechtfertigt.It is the execution of a warehouse 1118-2902840 ( 1 ) and a method of making this bearing. The required static load capacity of the bearing is 44000 N. As material for the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 A pressed metal wire made of 65Γ material is used, previously hardened to hardness HRC _ý 46. The allowable contact voltage for this material is 3500 MPa. The surface of the band is arranged perpendicular to the end face of the ring. Between the rings 1 and 2 become 38 Balls with a diameter of 6 mm without cage installed. The ball groove has a diameter of Dg = 73.5 mm, so the average distance between the balls is 0.07 mm. Such an inconsiderable spherical distance prevents mutual impact of the balls during storage. The Rings 1 and 2 get into the bowls without play 4 and 5 used, made of Armamid type

are executed. This material of the shells 4 and 5 has a sufficiently high strength up and holding the rings 1 and 2 sure. Suppose that the profile radius of the ball groove is 3.03 mm. With such a size ratio of the rolling elements and ball grooves, taking into account a permissible contact stress, the static load capacity of the bearing 74520 N. This ensures a 70% reserve of stati shear load capacity of the camp and the use of the selected strip material is justified.

When winding up the rings 1 and 2 a 3 mm wide and 0.3 mm thick tape is used. This band of the above material (65Γ with hardness HRC _ý 46) has a sufficiently high deformation capacity. The winding of the rings 1 and 2 is carried out according to the scheme given in 3 and 4 is cited. The minimum bending angle of the strip before winding is assumed to be ψ = 100 °, the winding takes place under a tension which is: P = (0.8 ÷ 0.95) × 550 × (3 × 0.3) = 400 ÷ 470 N

With such winding values, the tape is placed tightly in the roll and is not prone to elastic twisting. After winding, the compaction of the component is carried out according to the diagram given in 5 and 6 is shown. Since the tape is previously laid tight, a radial rolling is performed with an eccentricity e = 1 mm. The frontal rolling takes place at an angle α = 1 °. With the front roller head a ball groove with D _g = 74.5 mm diameter, r _g = 3.03 mm radius, 0.5 mm depth is pressed into the forehead of the component. Through such processing, the component assumes nominal shape and dimensions.

After pressing the ring it is poured over with Armamid. When pouring the ring, all the required fitting dimensions are met:
Opening diameter 61.65 ± 0.15, outer surface diameter 86.75 ^+0.2 Dimensionally processing the ball groove having a radius r _g = 3.03 ^+0.05 and a depth of 1 mm by hard turning. At the same time, the positioning is carried out with regard to the mating surfaces of the component and then an ultrasonic diamond smoothing. Ultrasonic diamond flattening makes it possible to achieve a desired roughness of the surface and to increase the strength of the ball groove, which additionally improves the functioning of the bearing. Moreover, in such machining, the uniformity of the ball grooves in the outer and inner rings as well as their precise positioning with respect to the mating surfaces are ensured, whereby the operability of the bearing is improved.

Of the Assemble the bearing by placing the balls in the ball groove the lower ring installed and the outer ring until it locks with is connected to the inner ring.

• 1. einer erhöhten Festigkeit und Steifigkeit der Bauteile des Lagers.
• 2. einem reduziertem Arbeitsaufwand und niedrigeren Selbstkosten der Lagerproduktion.

The economic efficiency of the proposed design of the warehouse consists in:

• 1. increased strength and rigidity of the components of the bearing.
• 2. a reduced workload and lower cost of warehouse production.

information:

• [1] Sprischewskij AI rolling bearings. Moscow, "Maschinostrojenije" publishing house, 1968, p. 632
  
  1968. C.632.
• [2] Patent RU no. 2087763 , Jointed plain bearing and method of making it.
• [3] Copyright USSR No. 1682091, cl. B 23
  
  20/00, 1991.

Claims (5)

Bearing with fiber-fabricated components, characterized in that a hardened multi-layer metal strip or wire is used as the pulp and that the fibers are pressed together by cold plastic deformation. Bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that an axial roller bearing consists of an upper ring ( 1 ) and a lower ring ( 2 ) is formed, that between the rings ( 1 . 2 ) Balls ( 3 ) are introduced, that as material for the rings ( 1 . 2 ) a pressed band of a hardened plastic-brittle material is used, that the metal fibers in the rings ( 1 . 2 ) are arranged along the axis of rotation of the bearing, that the rings ( 1 . 2 ) with plastic shells ( 4 and 5 ) are poured over a plastic shell ( 5 ) has a shoulder which fits into an annular groove of the other plastic shell ( 4 ) and a lock ( 6 ) forms that the lock ( 6 ) an unwanted separation of the plastic shells ( 4 . 5 ) and falling out of the balls ( 3 ) and that between the plastic shells ( 4 . 5 ) a labyrinth space is formed for receiving grease, which prevents ingress of external contaminants in the camp. Bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that the balls ( 3 ) without a cage between the plastic shells ( 4 . 5 ) are installed, that the number of balls (z) through

Is chosen, where d _{s is} the nominal diameter of the balls ( 3 ) and d _{g is} the diameter of the ball groove. Bearing according to claim 2 and 3, characterized in that the number (z) of the balls ( 3 ) is rounded off to a minimum integer (z _f ), where the actual diameter (d _sf ) of the balls ( 3 ) according to the formula d sf = d G * Sin (π / z f ) - Δ s is calculated, wherein Δ _{s s} is a permissible ball game of Δ = (0.05 ... 0.10) mm. Bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that in a ball bearing between an outer ring ( 7 ) and an inner ring ( 8th ) Balls ( 9 ) are arranged such that the outer ring ( 7 ) and the inner ring ( 8th ) consists of a compressed metal wire, whose turns close to each other, that the material of the rings ( 7 . 8th ) are bent plastically after winding, wherein the windings are arranged densely along the component surface, that within the component, the windings are not compressed so much that a certain air remains therebetween and that the balls ( 9 ) through a cage ( 10 ) made of a hardened pressed metal strip.