DE202009018488U1 - Infrared radiation shielding visible light transparent laminate with an infrared ray transparent optical window - Google Patents

Abstract

Laminate shielding infrared radiation, transparent for visible light, at least containing, one above the other in the order specified, (A) a first colorless, clear, transparent layer, (B) on the first colorless, clear, transparent layer an intermediate layer transparent to visible light with infrared radiation shielding effect (b11), containing (b1) at least one polyvinyl acetal resin as the layer-forming material and (b2) at least one optical window which is transparent to infrared radiation, and (C) a second colorless, clear transparent layer on the intermediate layer.

Description

The present invention relates to a novel, infrared ray-shielding, visible-light transparent laminate having an infrared ray-transmitting optical window.

Modern laminated safety glass, especially windscreens for motor vehicles, have an infrared radiation shielding effect to avoid overheating of the interior. On the other hand, increasingly used in motor vehicles sensors and cameras that are sensitive to infrared radiation, such as sensors for distance measurement or night vision devices. However, their function is greatly impaired by the infrared radiation shielding effect of the laminated safety glass panes or completely put out of action.

In the case of laminated glass based on colored glasses, such as green glass containing chromium dioxide, or brown glass containing iron sulfides, this problem is particularly serious because the glasses are colored not only for aesthetics but also for shielding the infrared radiation Cause or increase the effect. However, these colored glasses can not be locally decolorized to produce an infrared ray transparent optical window.

From the European patent application EP 1 857 424 A1 is a colored, infrared radiation shielding visible light transparent laminate, which contains a first colorless glass pane, an intermediate layer and a second colorless glass pane or consists thereof. The intermediate layer contains a polyvinyl acetal resin as a layer-forming material, an infrared-ray absorbing material and a coloring material. Although this known laminate can be used instead of laminated glasses based on colored glasses, it can not solve the above problem caused by the infrared radiation shielding effect.

The object of the present invention was to provide new, possibly colored, infrared radiation-screening, transparent to visible light laminates, which eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art, but the despite their infrared radiation shielding effect the function of infrared radiation-sensitive sensors and cameras not affect. In addition, the new laminates should have a high weathering stability, intercoat adhesion, breakthrough resistance and breaking strength and optionally color stability and, after damage, a high residual capacity.

• (A) eine erste farblose, klare, transparente Schicht,
• (B) auf der ersten farblosen, klaren, transparenten Schicht eine für sichtbares Licht transparente Zwischenschicht mit Infrarotstrahlung abschirmender Wirkung (b11), enthaltend (b1) mindestens ein Polyvinylacetalharz als schichtbildendes Material und (b2) mindestens ein für Infrarotstrahlung durchlässiges optisches Fenster, und
• (C) auf der Zwischenschicht eine zweite farblose, klare, transparente Schicht,

in der angegebenen Reihenfolge übereinander liegend enthält.Accordingly, the new colored infrared ray-shielding visible-light transparent laminate has been found, at least

• (A) a first colorless, clear, transparent layer,
• (B) on the first colorless, clear, transparent layer a visible light transparent intermediate layer with infrared radiation shielding effect (b11) comprising (b1) at least one polyvinyl acetal resin as a layer-forming material and (b2) at least one infrared ray-transmitting optical window, and
• (C) a second colorless, clear, transparent layer on the intermediate layer,

contains one above the other in the order given.

In the following, the new, infrared radiation-shielding, transparent to visible light laminate as "invention laminate << referred to.

In view of the prior art, it was surprising and unforeseeable for the skilled person that the object on which the present invention was based could be achieved by means of the laminate according to the invention of the use according to the invention.

In particular, it was surprising that the laminates according to the invention no longer had the disadvantages of the prior art, but despite their infrared radiation shielding effect, did not impair the function of sensors and cameras sensitive to infrared radiation. In addition, the new laminates had a high weathering stability, intercoat adhesion, breakdown resistance and breaking strength and optionally color stability and, after being damaged, a high residual capacity.

Not least, it was surprising that the laminates according to the invention could be used excellently in locomotives for transport by land, water and air as well as in the building sector, despite their infrared radiation shielding effect, they did not impair the function of infrared radiation-sensitive sensors and cameras, a high weathering stability, color stability, intercoat adhesion, penetration resistance and breaking strength and after damage had a high residual capacity.

The laminates of the invention have an infrared radiation shielding effect. These Effect can be caused by absorption or reflection of the infrared radiation. Preferably, it is caused by the absorption. Preferably, more than 50%, in particular more than 70%, of the incident infrared radiation is absorbed.

The laminates according to the invention can be colored. In the context of the present invention, this means that they can have a colorful or achromatic color, but in particular a colorful color.

The laminates of the invention are transparent to visible light. Preferably, they have a transmission for visible light> 50%, preferably> 60% and in particular> 70%.

The laminates of the invention may have different three-dimensional shapes. Thus, they may be slightly curved or curved in one direction or in several directions of the space.

The surface of the laminates according to the invention can vary widely and depends on the particular intended use in the context of the use according to the invention. So they can have an area of a few square centimeters to several square meters. In particular, they have an area such as windshields, side windows, rear windows or glass roofs for motor vehicles usually have.

The thickness of the laminates according to the invention can vary widely and thus be perfectly adapted to the requirements of the individual case. Preferably, the thickness is 4 to 60 mm.

The laminates according to the invention contain a first and a second colorless, clear, transparent layer (A) and (C).

"Clear" means that the layers (A) and (C) have no or only a metrologically detectable haze or haze.

>> Transparent << here means that the layers (A) and (C) have a transmission for visible light> 70%, preferably> 80% and in particular> 90%.

As materials for the construction of the layers (A) and (C) are basically all materials into consideration, which have the property profile described above and are stable under the conditions of preparation and use of the laminates of the invention and are not damaged.

Preferably, glass and clear plastics, preferably rigid clear plastics, in particular polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate or polymethylmethacrylate, are used.

Preferably, glass is used. Basically, all glasses come into consideration, as they are commonly used for the production of laminated glass, in particular of laminated safety glass. Preferably, float glass and tempered and partially tempered float glass are used.

Float glass is a flat glass produced by the float glass process. Both methods for the production of the float glass and the exact meaning of this term are known in the art and need not be further elaborated here. Semi-tempered and tempered float glass is commonly used to produce single-pane safety glass. In particular, alkali-lime-hard glass or soda-lime glass become after DIN EN 572-1 used. Further examples of suitable glasses are described in Römpp-Online 2008 under the keywords >> glass <<, >> tempered glass << or >> safety glass << or are from the German translation of the European patent EP 0 847 965 B1 with the file number DE 697 31 2 168 T2 , Page 8, paragraph [0053].

The thickness of layers (A) and (C) can vary widely and thus be perfectly adapted to the requirements of the individual case. Preferably glasses with the standard glass thicknesses of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 19 and 25 mm are used.

The area of the layers (A) and (C) can vary widely and depends on the area of the laminates according to the invention containing them. Accordingly, the above-described areas are preferably used.

The laminate of the invention also contains an optionally colored, infrared radiation shielding, visible light transparent intermediate layer (B). Here, the properties >> colored <<, >> infrared radiation shielding << and >> transparent to visible light << have the respective meanings given above.

The intermediate layer (B) contains at least one polyvinyl acetal resin (b1) as a layer-forming material. Examples of suitable polyvinyl acetal resins (b1) are from the European patent application EP 1 857 424 A1 , Page 3, paragraph [0012], to page 4, paragraph [0020].

The content of the intermediate layer (B) of polyvinyl acetal resin (b1) can vary widely and and be adapted excellently to the requirements of the individual case. It is essential that the content should not be set so low that the amount of polyvinyl acetal resin (b1) is no longer sufficient for the formation of a homogeneous, continuous layer. Preferably, the content, in each case based on the intermediate layer (B), is from 50 to 99.998% by weight, preferably from 55 to 99.9% by weight and in particular from 60 to 99% by weight.

The intermediate layer (B) has an infrared radiation shielding effect (b11) and optionally a coloring agent (b12). In particular, the intermediate layer (B) has an infrared radiation shielding effect (b11) and a coloring agent (b12).

The infrared radiation shielding effect (b11) and the infrared radiation shielding effect (b11) and the coloring effect (b12) can be adjusted in a variety of ways.

The infrared radiation shielding effect (b11) can be adjusted by means of at least one infrared radiation shielding material (b11).

Basically, all conventional and known infrared radiation shielding materials (b11) come into consideration, which are stable under the conditions of preparation and use of the laminates according to the invention.

The infrared radiation shielding materials (b11) may be finely divided or molecularly dispersed in the intermediate layer (B); preferably they are finely divided. They preferably have particle sizes in the range from 10 nm to 50 μm, preferably from 20 nm to 25 μm and in particular from 30 nm to 10 μm.

Preferably, the infrared radiation shielding material (b11) such as finely divided metals, metal oxides, hydroxides, nitrides, oxynitrides, sulfides, phosphates, pyrophosphates, metaphosphates, polyphosphates, silicates, titanates, -vanadate, -molybdate , tungstates and fluorides, transparent electroconductive oxides TCO and infrared radiation absorbing organic pigments or mixtures thereof.

Examples of suitable infrared radiation shielding materials (b11) are from the European patent applications EP 1 857 424 A1 , Page 4, paragraphs [0021] to [0022], and EP 1 790 701 A1 , Page 5, paragraph [0036], to page 6, paragraph [0047], or the translation of the European patent specification EP 0 523 959 B1 with the file number DE 692 30 121 T2 , Page 7, line 25, to page 15, line 8, and page 18, line 11, to page 62, line 5, known.

The content of the intermediate layer (B) of infrared radiation shielding materials (b11) may vary widely and thus be well adapted to the requirements of the case. Preferably, the intermediate layer (B), in each case based on their total amount, from 0.001 to 20 wt .-%, preferably 0.01 to 15 wt .-% and in particular 0.1 to 10 wt .-% of the material (b11).

The additional coloring effect (b12) can be adjusted in many different ways.

Thus, both effects (b11) and (b12) can be adjusted by means of at least one material combining both effects (b11) and (b12). Basically, all conventional and known materials (b11 / b12) are considered which are stable under the conditions of preparation using the laminates according to the invention.

When materials (b11 / b12) are used, generally no additional infrared radiation shielding materials (b11) and / or coloring materials (b12) are required.

The materials (b11 / b12) can be present in finely divided or molecularly dispersed form in the intermediate layer (B); preferably they are finely divided. They preferably have particle sizes in the range from 10 nm to 50 μm, preferably from 20 nm to 25 μm and in particular from 30 nm to 10 μm.

Examples of suitable materials (b11 / b12) are coloring and infrared radiation-screening iron oxide pigments, as described, for example, in Rompp Online 2008 under the heading >> iron oxide pigments <<. In addition, iron sulfide pigments and iron and chromium-containing pigments come into consideration.

The content of the intermediate layer (B) on the materials (b11 / b12) can vary very widely and can thus be perfectly adapted to the requirements of the individual case. Preferably, the intermediate layer (B), in each case based on their total amount, contains 0.001 to 30% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 20% by weight and in particular 0.1 to 10% by weight of a material (b11 / b12) ,

However, the additional coloring effect (b12) can also be produced by means of a coloring material (b12) which is used in addition to the obligatory infrared radiation shielding material (b11) and / or (b11 / b12), in particular (b11).

Basically, all customary and known coloring materials (b12) which are stable under the conditions of preparation and use of the laminates according to the invention come into consideration. Preferably, the coloring materials (b12) are selected from the group consisting of inorganic pigments as well as organic pigments and dyes.

The inorganic and organic pigments (b12) may be finely divided. The organic dyes (b12) may be molecularly dispersed.

Examples of suitable inorganic pigments (b12) are known from Rompp Online 2008, >> Inorganic pigments <<, >> Inorganic colored pigments <<, >> Iron oxide pigments << or >> Chromium oxide (green) pigments <<.

Examples of suitable organic pigments (b12) and dyes (b12) are azo, metal complex, isoindolinone, isoindoline, phthalocyanine, quinacridone, perinone, perylene, anthraquinone, acridine, diketopyrrolo, thioindigo, dioxazine , Triphenylmethane and Chinonaphthalonpigmente and dyes.

Particular preference is given to using green pigments (b12) and dyes (b12).

The content of the intermediate layer (B) of coloring materials (b12) can vary very widely and thus be perfectly adapted to the requirements of the individual case. Preferably, the intermediate layer (B), in each case based on their total amount, from 0.001 to 30 wt .-%, preferably 0.01 to 20 wt .-% and in particular 0.1 to 10 wt .-% of a material (b12).

Of course, combinations of at least one of the above-described materials (b11 / b12) and at least one of the above-described materials (b11) and / or at least one of the above-described materials (b12) may also be used. In this case, the above-described respective preferred amounts can be used.

In addition, the intermediate layer (B) may contain conventional and known additives (b3) in effective amounts. The additives (b3) have no or only a very low infrared screening effect. Examples of suitable additives are from the European patent application EP 1 857 424 A1 , Page 3, paragraphs [0010] and [0011], and page 4, paragraph [0027], to page 5, paragraph [0037].

The intermediate layer (B) can be constructed in different ways.

Thus, in a first embodiment of the intermediate layer (B), the materials (b11), the materials or the materials (b11) and / or (b11 / b12) and (b12) may be homogeneously dispersed in a layer of polyvinyl acetal resin (b1).

Polyvinyl acetal contains acetal radicals having 1 to 2 C atoms, preferably 1 to 8, in particular 2 to 6 C atoms. In this case, polyvinyl butyral is particularly preferred.

In a second embodiment of the intermediate layer (B), the material (b11) or the material (b11 / b12) can predominantly, i. H. greater than 50% of its total amount in a layer of polyvinyl acetal resin (b1), the remainder being in a separate layer or in two separate layers on one or both major surfaces of the layer of polyvinyl acetal resin (b1). Similarly, the materials (b11) and / or (b12) may predominantly, i. H. to more than 50% of their total amount, in a layer of polyvinyl acetal resin (b1). The remaining amounts of the materials (b11) and (b12) may then be present on one or both major surfaces of the layer of polyvinyl acetal resin (b1). The materials (b11) and (b12) together may form a homogeneous layer or be contained in a homogeneous layer or they may form separate homogeneous layers or be contained in homogeneous separate layers.

In a third embodiment of the intermediate layer (B), the material (b11) or (b12) may be homogeneously distributed in a layer of polyvinyl acetal resin (b1), the other material (b11) or (b12) then being on one or both main surfaces the layer of polyvinyl acetal resin (b1) may be present as a homogeneous layer or in a homogeneous layer.

A fourth embodiment of the intermediate layer (B) corresponds to the third embodiment, except that a minor amount, d. H. less than 50% of the respective total amount of the material (b11) or (b12) may be distributed in the layer of polyvinyl acetal resin (b1) besides the total amount or the predominant amount of the other material (b11) or (b12), respectively.

In a fifth embodiment of the intermediate layer (B), the total amount of the material (b11), the material (b11 / b12) or the materials (b11) and / or (b11 / b12) and (b12) may be in a homogeneous layer or in a homogeneous one Layer on a main surface or on both major surfaces of a layer of polyvinyl acetal resin (b1) are present.

In a sixth embodiment of the intermediate layer (B), the total amount of the material (b11) as a homogeneous layer or in a homogeneous layer on one main surface and the total amount of the material (b12) as a homogeneous layer or in a homogeneous layer on the other main surface of a layer made of polyvinyl acetal resin (b1).

The above list is not exhaustive, but the skilled person can easily find further embodiments of the intermediate layer (B) based on the teaching of the invention.

The thickness of the intermediate layer (B) can vary widely and thus be adapted excellently to the requirements of the individual case. The thickness is preferably 100 μm to 5 mm, preferably 200 μm to 3 mm and in particular 200 μm to 2 mm.

The area of the intermediate layer (B) preferably corresponds to the area of the laminate according to the invention.

It is essential for the laminate according to the invention that the intermediate layer (B) has at least one, in particular one, optical window (b2) transparent to infrared radiation.

"Permeable" means that the optical window (b2) has a transmission for infrared radiation which is significantly higher than the transmission for infrared radiation in the areas of the laminate according to the invention outside the optical window (b2). Preferably, the transmission for infrared radiation is> 40%, preferably> 50% and in particular> 60%.

The area, shape and placement of the infrared radiation transparent optical window (b2) in the laminate according to the invention can vary widely and be excellently adapted to the requirements of the individual case.

Thus, the surface of the optical window (b2) must not become so large that the infrared radiation shielding function of the laminate according to the invention is impaired. Preferably, the area of the optical window (b2) does not occupy more than 30%, preferably not more than 20% and in particular not more than 10% of the area of the laminate according to the invention. The lower limit of the area of the optical window (b2) depends on the particular application, in particular according to the requirements of the infrared radiation-sensitive sensors and cameras, which are placed behind the optical window (b2).

The shape of the optical window (b2) also depends on the particular application. Preferably, the shape is circular, elliptical, quadrangular, square, rhombohedral, trapezoidal or triangular.

The placement of the optical window (b2) also depends on the intended use. Preferably, it is placed so that it is on the one hand in the beam path of the infrared radiation sensitive sensors and cameras and on the other hand does not interfere with other functions, as would be the case for example in a placement directly in the field of vision of the driver of a motor vehicle.

In a first embodiment, the optical window (b2) of at least one, in particular, a precisely fitting insert (b21), which consists essentially or entirely of polyvinyl acetal resin (b1), is formed in at least one, in particular one, aperture (b22).

In this first embodiment of the laminate according to the invention, the shape, area and placement of the insert (b21) determine the shape, area and placement of the optical window (b2).

In a second embodiment, the optical window (b2) is present in at least one layer containing the materials (b11), the materials (b11 / b12) or the materials (b11) and / or (b11 / b12) and (b12) or consists thereof and a substantially or entirely of polyvinyl acetal resin layer (b1) covered, in particular covered over the entire surface. The optical window (b2) is composed of or consists of a recess in the layer containing or consisting of the materials (b11), the materials (b11 / b12) or the materials (b11) and / or (b11 / b12) and (b12); educated.

As for the area, shape and placement of the optical window (b2) according to the second embodiment, what has been said above applies mutatis mutandis.

The second embodiment of the optical window (b2) is preferably applied to the above-described fifth and sixth embodiments of the intermediate layer (B).

First and second embodiments of the optical window (b2) can be suitably combined with one another, with those skilled in the art readily finding such combinations on the basis of the teaching according to the invention.

In particular, the first embodiment of the optical window (b2) with the snug insert (b21) is used in the aperture (b22).

The resulting laminates according to the invention have an outstanding performance property profile so that they can be used in a variety of ways. In particular, they are advantageously used in means of transport for land, sea and air transport, preferably in motor vehicles such as cars, trucks and trains, in aircraft and in ships, and in the furniture, equipment or construction sectors, preferably as transparent components. used.

The laminates according to the invention are particularly preferred as laminated safety glass panes in locomotion means, in particular as windshields, side windows, rear windows and glass roofs, especially windshields, for motor vehicles, especially cars, and as architectural components in the construction sector, in particular for overhead glazing for roofs, glass walls, facades, window panes, glass doors , Balustrades, parapet glazing, skylights or walk-in glass used.

Because of the infrared ray-transmitting optical window (b2) present in the laminates of the present invention, sensors or cameras sensitive to infrared radiation placed in front of or behind them can fully perform their function without adversely affecting the infrared radiation shielding effect of the laminates of the present invention. In addition, they have a high weathering stability, intercoat adhesion, penetration resistance and breaking strength and optionally color stability as well as a high residual strength after the damage.

In the following, the laminate according to the invention will be described with reference to FIGS 1 to 3 explained in more detail. Both 1 to 3 they are schematic representations intended to illustrate the principle of the invention. The schematic representations therefore need not be true to scale. The illustrated proportions therefore do not have to correspond to the proportions used in practice of the invention in practice.

1 shows a laminated safety glass according to the European patent application EP 1 857 424 A1 in cross section.

2 shows a laminated safety glass pane according to an embodiment of the present invention in cross section.

3 shows the top view of the laminated safety glass according to the 2 ,

• (A) farblose, klare Floatglasscheibe,
• (B) Zwischenschicht, enthaltend ein grünes farbgebendes Pigment (b12) und Indiumzinnoxid ITO als Infrarotstrahlung absorbierendem Pigment (b11), (b2) für Infrarotstrahlung durchlässiges optisches Fenster aus reinem Polyvinylbutyral, (B1) Polyvinylbutyral-Folie, enthaltend ein grünes farbgebendes Pigment (b12) und Indiumzinnoxid ITO als Infrarotstrahlung absorbierendem Pigment (b11) ohne ein für Infrarotstrahlung durchlässiges optisches Fenster (b2),
• (C) farblose, klare Floatglasscheibe, (ABC) Laminat mit einem für Infrarotstrahlung durchlässigen optischen Fenster (b2), (AB1C) Laminat ohne ein für Infrarotstrahlung durchlässiges optisches Fenster (b2), (blR) blockierte Infrarotstrahlung, (dlR) durchgelassene Infrarotstrahlung und (S, K) für Infrarotstrahlung empfindlicher Sensor oder empfindliche Kamera.

In the 1 to 3 the reference signs have the following meaning:

• (A) colorless, clear float glass,
• (B) Intermediate layer containing a green coloring pigment (b12) and indium-tin oxide ITO as an infrared-absorbing pigment (b11), (b2) for infrared ray-transmitting optical window of pure polyvinyl butyral, (B1) polyvinyl butyral film containing a green coloring pigment (b12 ) and indium-tin oxide ITO as an infrared-absorbing pigment (b11) without an infrared ray-transmitting optical window (b2),
• (C) colorless, clear float glass, (ABC) laminate with an infrared ray transparent optical window (b2), (AB1C) laminate without an infrared ray transparent optical window (b2), (blR) blocked infrared radiation, (dlR) transmitted infrared radiation and (S, K) for infrared radiation sensitive sensor or sensitive camera.

The float glass panes (A) and (C) have dimensions as used, for example, for windshields, side windows, glass roofs and rear windows in vehicle construction and for small, medium or large-area panes in the furniture, equipment or construction sector. The dimensions can be several square centimeters to several square meters.

In the polyvinyl butyral film (B1) is a common and well-known commercial product, the z. B. the company Sekisui Chemical or the company Solutia can be obtained. It is the precursor of the intermediate layer (B).

The laminate according to the 2 is prepared by cutting the polyvinyl butyral film (B1) to the required size, ie the dimensions of the float glass panes (A) and (C). Thereafter, at the location provided for the optical window (b2), the film (B1) is punched out in a corresponding shape and size, resulting in the opening (b22). Subsequently, the precisely fitting insert (b21) is cut out of a polyvinyl butyral film without an infrared radiation shielding effect and inserted into the aperture (b22). This results in the intermediate layer (B).

Subsequently, the two float glass panes (A) and (C) are adhesively bonded together by means of a precompounding process (calender roll, coil or vacuum bag process) and an autoclave process via the intermediate layer (B) provided with the optical window (b2), so that the intermediate layer (B) between the two float glass panes (A) and (C) and forms the intermediate layer (B).

The laminate according to the 1 is prepared in the same way, except that a polyvinyl butyral film (B1) without breakthrough (b22) and use (b21) is used.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 1857424 A1 [0004, 0027, 0035, 0051, 0080]
• EP 0847965 B1 [0023]
• DE 697312168 T2 [0023]
• EP 1790701 A1 [0035]
• EP 0523959 B1 [0035]
• DE 69230121 T2 [0035]

Cited non-patent literature

• DIN EN 572-1 [0023]

Claims (13)

Infrared radiation shielding, transparent to visible light laminate, at least containing, in the order above one another, (A) a first colorless, clear, transparent layer, (B) on the first colorless, clear, transparent layer a visible light transparent intermediate layer with infrared radiation shielding effect (b11), containing (b1) at least one polyvinyl acetal resin as a layer-forming material and (b2) at least one infrared ray transparent optical window, and (C) on the intermediate layer, a second colorless, clear transparent layer. Laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that the infrared radiation-transmitting optical window (b2) has no infrared radiation shielding effect (b11). Laminate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the intermediate layer (B) has a coloring effect (b12). Laminate according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the infrared radiation-transmitting optical window (b2) has no coloring effect (b12). Laminate according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the infrared radiation shielding effect (b11) of an infrared radiation shielding material (b11) and / or of an infrared radiation shielding and coloring material (b11 / b12) is caused. Laminate according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the coloring effect is caused by at least one material (b11) and / or at least one material (b11 / b12). Laminate according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the infrared radiation-transmitting optical window (b2) of a precisely fitting insert (b21), which consists essentially or entirely of polyvinyl acetal resin (b1), in an opening (b22) through the Intermediate layer (B) is formed. Laminate according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the infrared ray-transmitting optical window (b2) is free of infrared radiation shielding materials (b11) and (b11 / b12). Laminate according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the infrared radiation-transmitting optical window (b2) is free of coloring materials (b12). Laminate according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the layers (A) and (C) consist of at least one material selected from the group consisting of glass and plastics. Laminate according to one of Claims 5 to 10, characterized in that the infrared-screening material (b11) comprises finely divided metals, metal oxides, hydroxides, nitrides, oxynitrides, sulphides, phosphates, pyrophosphates, metaphosphates, polyphosphates, silicates, titanates, vanadates, molybdate, tungstates and fluorides, transparent electroconductive oxides containing TCO and infrared radiation absorbing organic pigments and mixtures thereof. A laminate according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the coloring material (b12) is selected from the group consisting of inorganic pigments, organic pigments and dyes. Laminate according to one of claims 5 to 12, characterized in that the infrared radiation shielding and coloring material (b11 / b12) from the group consisting of iron oxide pigments, iron sulfide pigments and iron and chromium-containing pigments, is selected.

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