DE202009016713U1 - Resistance-stabilized, wingless and powered balancing projectile - Google Patents

Abstract

Balancing projectile with a contained drive and a resistance stabilizer for firing from smooth or profiled weapon tubes, characterized in that it has a rotationally symmetrical about the longitudinal axis tail shape.

Description

It the invention is a resistance-stabilized, wingless and self-propelled balance projectile.

It is known that impact missiles for use from barrel weapons as swirl-stabilized full-caliber projectiles (rifle and pistol ammunition), wing-stabilized sub-caliber projectiles ( DE 694 01 794 T2 ) or full-caliber projectiles with a folding tail ( DE 10 2005 039 900 A1 ) can be performed. In doing so, they derive their effect in the target from the highest possible bullet mass (m) and bullet velocity (v) according to the formula for the kinetic energy (E): E = 1 2 mv 2

For the projectiles, a material with the highest possible density (eg lead for soft targets, tungsten or uranium for hard ones) and a low-loss aerodynamic shape (eg ogival or rod shape) are selected. The projectiles are accelerated in a gun barrel (smooth or profiled) by the burning of a propellant charge. This is differentiated ammunition with and without cartridge case: While using a sleeve that carries the primary fuse, the propellant charge and the projectile and must be removed after successful firing from the weapon, this step is omitted in caseless ammunition, in which burn all components either on firing or leave the barrel with the bullet. Shellless ammunition replicates with a system DE 10 2007 004 273 B4 ignited. The speed reached is highest shortly after the bullet exits the pipe and decreases continuously as the distance to it increases until it hits the target. The loss sources in flight are divided into supersonic speeds proportionately roughly in the wave resistance (about 50%), the bottom suction (about 30%) and the air friction (about 20%). As a result, the effect of the projectile decreases with increasing distance. In addition, for the wing-stabilized projectiles from a bullet-specific speed limit stabilization by an insufficient flow of the tail surfaces no longer exists.

There are z. B. off CA 2 415 090 C Bullets are known, which reduce the losses in flight by a fire set in the tail, which fills up the bottom suction there with combustion gases. An ogival bullet shape reduces air friction by creating laminar flow patterns in the boundary layer above the bullet surface. A long, thin and conical projectile tip lowers the wave component of the air resistance in the supersonic range.

Furthermore, missile projectiles are known (eg. DE 2 227 104 C2 ), which have a drive and are intended to carry a payload, which is why they should have the lowest possible curb weight. These start at a low speed and accelerate in flight until the fuel supply on board is exhausted. If no active steering takes place in flight, the accuracy of these missile projectiles is low due to the initially low airspeed and thus insufficient flow of possibly existing tail surfaces.

For All wing-stabilized projectiles are known to be their Accuracy depends on the symmetry of the tail unit is. When single of the mostly four to six wings go through Damage during transport and storage or due to production-related Differences in shape or orientation slightly from the rest of the tail deviate from the intended Trajectory. In addition, a wing wiring makes it difficult the shoot of profiled pipes with twist, as the rotation around the projectile longitudinal axis through the wing surfaces strongly decelerated and the flight behavior is strongly influenced. Farther is known for rotating wing-stabilized rockets that they are under side wind influence during acceleration against the crosswind direction, in case of delay with her from the intended direction differ. If, however, all speed losses be compensated in the direction of a drive straight, the Airspeed amount in the target direction is therefore constant occurs no deviation due to crosswinds. this leads to especially at long distances to a precision increase.

Of the Invention is based on the object, one of a smooth or profiled gun barrel fired balancing projectile with the highest possible Speed, sufficient precision and one possible bring high projectile weight to a target.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the combination of a heavy, rod-shaped and subcaliber projectile body with a drive for the flight phase and a resistance tail. This projectile is fired from a smooth or profiled gun barrel at a speed well above the speed of sound. The high takeoff speed allows for stabilization in flight without too much tailplane space. Due to the burning of a propellant charge in the projectile during the flight, a sufficiently high amount of gas is expelled through a nozzle to produce a thrust in the firing direction. The execution of the projectile body in a hollow shape creates in its inner space for the fuel. Since the bullet in addition a high weight up should show, the wall thickness of the inner combustion chamber can be chosen so large that sufficient for a high combustion rate internal pressure is achieved. For this purpose, a nozzle cross-section matching the fuel must also be selected. With the high conversion rate of the fuel also results in a high acceleration of the projectile by the exiting gas. Likewise, high combustion chamber pressure increases the thrust by having a higher flow rate of the gases in the nozzle.

The Flight stability is determined by the center of gravity of the projectile and achieved increased air resistance of the projectile tail. For this purpose, the projectile tip is massively made of heavy material (eg. Tungsten), while the rest thin-walled Bullet body made of lighter (eg steel). Furthermore the rear of the projectile is provided with a conical extension, the Although a streamlined slope angle of Below 10 ° should be too much deceleration to avoid the projectile, but also a sufficiently high Resistance to act as a stabilizing stabilizer. By the long, thin shape of the bullet tip becomes its characteristic impedance minimized, while the Heckleitwerk should be high. Together with the weaker air friction, their share because of the pitch angle and the area also is larger at the rear, relocate the air resistance their pressure point behind the projectile center of gravity, the projectile flies static and dynamically stable. This wingless construction has Rotational symmetry about its longitudinal axis and can be easily both with and without spin are fired.

to Guiding and gas sealing in the barrel can be a common Serve sabot or the outer surface one mounted in the extension to the conical rear part, thin-walled tube. This is in the weapon from within with the internal ballistic gas pressure applied to its wall pressed to the outside of the gun barrel. This will be the behind the projectile gas space sealed and the projectile itself held in the barrel. This also prevents an early one Tilting the projectile as it exits the gun barrel z. B. when using centrally mounted sabots of Case is. The guide surface of the proposed Projectile leaves the barrel last and raises its precision by reducing the angle of attack at the exit. By pressing in the tailpipe wall of the projectile in a possibly existing profile of the weapon barrel can transmit a rotation become. By an appropriate material selection, sufficient dimensioning or a corresponding construction of the weapon barrel can be ensured be that the tail pipe the internal pressure at the exit of the projectile withstand.

Of the Cavity in the tail pipe can also be used to hold the propellant Acceleration within the barrel and the required Primary fuse serve. Then the projectile itself becomes Cartridge, a separate component can with appropriate Design of the primary fuel and the ignition system the weapon is omitted.

Of the Propellant in the projectile itself can already within the barrel by the propellant burning there or only outside be ignited by a separate device.

To the ignition of the propellant is due to the generated thrust the flight speed of the projectile increased or occurring Air resistance losses are reduced. It occurs simultaneously the reduction of soil suction through the nozzle at the rear exiting gases. That's why such a bullet has especially at long distances a higher speed as one without drive. As the kinetic energy in the target out the simple mass and the quadratic velocity, lighter bullets of the type proposed have a higher one Target effect as much heavier without a drive. The recoil of the Weapon and its load by the inside ballistic gas pressure can be reduced as a lighter projectile with lower gas pressure can be accelerated to the same exit velocity as a heavy one. The inventive design of Shot can be realized in any caliber strength, from the small caliber projectile over tank cannon projectiles to the ammunition for heavy guns. The simple tail geometry allows use with magazines and automatic charging systems. Through the tail pipe can be a sabot eliminated as it takes over its duties.

The Invention will be closer in the following embodiment shown.

1 shows the cross section of a balancing projectile.

The summit ( 6 ) is made of tungsten for center of gravity displacement and hard target control and is in the projectile body ( 4 ) screwed from steel and glued. The simply designed nozzle ( 7 ) with an expansion ratio of about one to seven and an opening angle less than 30 degrees sits in the floor ( 2 ), which in turn through the tail cone ( 8th ) reinforced part of the projectile wall is bolted and glued. The fixed propellant ( 3 ) (eg consisting of compacted NC powder) and the combustion chamber insert ( 5 ) made of aluminum are inserted into the projectile body introduced. The conical inner contour of the combustion chamber insert is adapted to the loss of mass by the propellant burnup in flight. As a result, a constant acceleration of the projectile is achieved despite continuously decreasing mass. The tail pipe adjoining the tail cone ( 1 ) is also bolted to the projectile body and glued. In this embodiment, in addition to the purposes described above, it also serves to homogenize the exiting gas flow of the nozzle. As a result, thrust eccentricities of the drive can be partially compensated and the reduction of the floor bottom soot can be improved by the hard gas jet from the nozzle. The propellant in the projectile is ignited by the nozzle opening already in the barrel, but its burning rate is lower than that of the propellant charge, which serves in the pipe of the projectile acceleration. This avoids excessive loading of the launcher.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 69401794 T2 [0002]
• - DE 102005039900 A1 [0002]
• DE 102007004273 B4 [0003]
• CA 2415090 C [0004]
• - DE 2227104 C2 [0005]

Claims (7)

Balancing projectile with a contained drive and a resistance stabilizer for firing from smooth or profiled weapon tubes, characterized in that it has a rotationally symmetrical about the longitudinal axis tail shape. Balancing projectile according to claim 1, characterized that the tail shape a conically executed bullet tail is. Balancing projectile according to claim 2, characterized that the bullet tail a tubular extension having. Balancing projectile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an additionally introduced payload. Balancing projectile according to claim 4, characterized that the payload is an active charge. Balancing projectile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a caseless ammunition is. Balancing projectile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a conical combustion chamber shape.