DE202009004281U1 - Exterior facade with thixotropic properties for buildings and structures and the like - Google Patents

Abstract

Building thermal insulation facade for application to a building wall, comprising at least one insulating layer and an outer, visible outer layer, characterized in that between the building wall and the outer layer, a further layer of a material is provided which has permanently thixotropic properties.

Description

[Technical area]

thermal insulation of facades in buildings and structures usually uses the good heat insulation properties of air. These is either enclosed in larger cavities, such as B. in hollow chamber elements, or in open or closed-pore Foams such. B. Styrofoam included. Goal is in all cases, the largest possible quantities To include air per volume of insulation material. The insulation material is hard in the assembled state Shells surround: on the inner side of the building the House wall, mostly of brick or plaster, on the outside Side the applied cover layer with plaster structure. These hard shells with a large proportion of air in between, they have a good heat-insulating effect and are visually appealing. The disadvantage, however, is that this Structure at the same time represents a good acoustic resonator, the externally introduced sound conducts or amplifies well.

These affect the acoustic properties of the facade structure the thermal insulation is not. If, however, permanently is excited from the outside of this resonator, in particular by thumping or knocking, it is for the inhabitants inside of the building very disturbing. It has shown, that the good acoustic properties are more thermally insulated Facades of various animals, especially woodpeckers and great spotted woodpeckers, attract. The animals find themselves in the rough façade surface especially in the area of edges and corners good grip, from where they work the facade with their beak. This is a produced loud rap. In many cases, the woodpecker able to pierce and penetrate the top layer of plaster Hole in the underlying, softer insulation layer too produce. Once the woodpecker the original house wall usually reached with plaster or stones without hollow sound, it usually stops his work. These holes have several disadvantages: on In this place, the thermal insulation is no longer present, at the same time moisture z. B. by rain in the Penetrate facade. Finally, the holes interfere the appearance of the facade considerably. The holes then have to be backfilled in laborious work become.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore a first object of the invention, the acoustic resonance properties to change the heat-insulating facade, without the thermal properties of thermal insulation to impair. This task is through the teaching of Claims solved.

It It is a second object of the invention to remove woodpeckers from erosion To prevent the facade, they should begin with the throbbing to have. Find further advantageous embodiments of the invention in the further claims.

in the The invention is based on woodpeckers and in particular Buntspechten described. The invention is not limited to this species limited.

[Solutions of the Prior Art]

A first class of solutions of the prior art impaired the physical integrity or integrity the woodpecker. These include z. As hunting or methods that Use poisons. These methods are for one Environment in which they are used, not without problems (playing Children near the house), on the other hand usually forbidden. In particular, the great spotted woodpecker is protected in Germany.

A uses another class of prior art solutions natural enemy and flight reflexes of the woodpecker. As enemies are known marten, hawk or eagle owl, so it is tried with artificial dummies of these natural enemies chase away the woodpecker. In practice, however, it turns out that here is one fast habituation occurs.

The Increase the attractiveness of the environment of the thermally insulated Facade through old trees or separately placed pieces of trees do not distract the woodpecker.

Of the State of the art calls as a further class also simple technical Solutions such as wind chimes or moving elements that are in shape be attached by tensioned ropes on house facades. Although These methods are simple and inexpensive, they work but only in their immediate swing range. Already a few Centimeters next to such wind chimes are new façade holes through woodpeckers. Networks are visually disadvantageous and can become a trap for the woodpeckers.

additionally is known to use acoustic signals to ward off woodpeckers. Here you can hear simple loud signals as well as complex signal forms such as danger warning sounds of one's own bird species or sounds more natural Enemies are used. These solutions can due to the living environment not permanently used, but need a pretty elaborate technique with motion detector, noise generator and energy supply. These solutions are expensive and expensive, and here is a habituation effect on the woodpecker one.

From the defense of cats ("cats Fright ") are known solutions with splattered water jet, which are also coupled with a motion detector. For pigeon defense applications are known, which rely on the use of magnetic fields ( EP2004051664 ). It has been shown that a green laser beam - although harmless - is permanently perceived by the woodpecker as threatening. Such solutions are very expensive for use in the residential environment and with particular hurdles due to laser protection regulations.

in principle Further procedures are appropriate to the different sensory perception between support the woodpecker and man. It is Z. B. known that the woodpecker about one in comparison to humans clearly better vision in the ultraviolet range of the optical Spectrum features. Light signals to the defense would well perceived by the woodpecker, but not by man. Although to Defense of woodpeckers basically suitable, such fail Systems not only at the high effort to be driven, but also at any safety regulations for UV radiation emitting devices.

A Another group of inventions focuses on the change the facade surface.

Different as birds like the hummingbird, woodpeckers are unable to to stay in flight in flight and to eat, rather Woodpeckers have to cling to the ground. It is therefore obvious To propose solutions that the rough facade surface covered with a coating layer so that the Bird finds no grip for gripping on the facade surface. Such solutions are known in principle but visually disadvantageous.

Farther can not render the plaster surface with a thin visible but hard surface, z. B. from a glassy Material are coated. Without the acoustic properties Changing the facade would be the solution so hard that it could not be penetrated by the woodpecker. Although this solution provokes no holes, is but the acoustic result unsatisfactory. In addition to higher Cost is also to be considered here, that by the higher Weight assembly and fixing the facade would need to be adjusted.

It So is the aim of the present invention, a new construction of a Specify thermal insulation facade, the unchanged Thermal insulation and no visual impairments a permanent and safe defense of woodpeckers allowed and at the same time - should but a hole has been hacked into the facade - one automatic closure of this hole allows.

Reached This objective is characterized by being below the outside when using Topcoat a layer of non-Newtonian liquid and in particular a thixotropic liquid introduced becomes.

Non-Newtonian Liquids are known in principle. she characterized by the fact that their flow behavior or their viscosity from an external mechanical Exposure is dependent. With a mixture of starch and water z. B. is known that this mixture in principle is pourable, as the starch particles a sheath of water around them, the low is viscous. With impact-like load, however, the Water is squeezed out between the starch particles, so the water settles and the starch hardens. When the system comes to rest, it is the original one Viscosity available again.

thixotropic Liquids also change their viscosity properties. They are basically known from the prior art. They are at rest in a gelatinous to pasty form in front. Change under mechanical impact from the outside these liquids are their viscosity and become flowable. Listen to the outer mechanical (shear) load, so the thixotropic fluid returns back to its original high-viscosity form.

Out The prior art is a variety of thixotropic liquids known in wide parameters in terms of initial and final value the viscosity and also necessary to be introduced mechanical Impact are adjustable.

In the DE 28 17 200 C2 describes a thermal insulation layer for building facades based on foam particles, binders and processing aids. According to this doctrine to a binder mixture in addition finely divided drying agent, which act in general swelling, z. B. amphoteric reacting hydroxides such as aluminum hydroxide or amorphous, hydrophilic silica or Blähsilikatmehle, z. B. from perlite, which act as organic, water-insoluble thixotropic agents. In addition, water-soluble thixotropic agents such as highly viscous methyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, Hydroximethäthyl-, Hydroximethäthylpropyl cellulose and / or carboxymethyl cellulose are added. These additives serve as processing aids and lose their thixotropic properties after setting the thermal barrier coating.

In the DE 602 20 148 T2 a fine mortar for a sound-absorbing and flame-resistant coating of building facades, interior walls or ceilings is proposed. Here, the substances introduced into the mortar mix, such as the flame retardant known materials such as Betonit, which is a silicate, and water glass, which is a sodium silicate, the mortar paste, the thixotropic gelatinous nature, resulting in an improved adhesion of the mortar during application. At the same time, the thixotropy of the mortar makes the uniform coloring of the mortar safer. As the mortar dries, the thixotropic properties are lost.

The doctrine of DE 699 02 274 T2 relates to the field of additives for conglomerate building materials, and in particular for castable conglomerates such as litter mortar or concrete. Here are used as additives Wasserverringerungs- or fluidizing agents or plasticizers to improve the thixotropy. This is desired to allow the material at shear stress a reduced viscosity in order to reduce the necessary pump energy cost per unit mass and the possible problems of clogging hoses and lines of Werf equipment.

In DE 196 12 040 A1 the spreadability of wood paints is improved by the addition of an acrylic modified alkyd resin in aqueous emulsion. The application of thixotropic binders for building paints is also from the DE 23 60 019 or the EP 0 086 034 or the DE 198 41 405 C2 known.

Thixotropic properties of an adhesive for bonding underlays for the sealing of roofs are in the DE 199 56 835 A1 proposed. Viscous adhesive cures during processing after completion of the process steps.

Out The state of the art is therefore in the technical field of construction chemistry and building materials additives with thixotropic properties known to improve the processability of the substances used are targeting. With the Abbdinden or drying of the building materials go lost thixotropic properties. In the subject of the present Invention remain the thixotropic properties over the Durable life of the building facades.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

at Use is the thixotropic liquid or gel layer between the plaster layer visible from the outside and the inner one Building wall introduced. A first function fulfilled the thixotropic fluid in that it acts as a gelatinous attenuator in the acoustic resonator. At the same time, it decouples the Hard plaster outer shell of the insulating layer in the inside the facade. This will provide a strong cushioning in the achieved acoustic behavior of the facade. Relative to the application The Spechtabwehr on house facades, this means that when knocking the woodpecker no longer perceives a hollow sound. In practice has it turned out that the woodpecker - if a substrate is not hollow sounds - very fast with the throbbing ends and one looking for another job for his activities.

Should a woodpecker while raping, however, already through the outer Putzschicht pushed his way, he meets with his Quickly beak on when used below the plaster layer lying thixotropic liquid layer. The effect is then that the woodpecker encounters a soft, gelatinous layer which then under the mechanical action of the woodpecker beak their Viscosity changes and liquefies. This results in two effects simultaneously: on the one hand, now right at the point of damage, the liquid protrudes, which the woodpecker chased away. At the same time is the thixotropic liquid only slightly viscous if and only if it is an outer mechanical action by the woodpecker's beak gives. Is the woodpecker away, the liquid solidifies again and closes so the resulting hole in the outer facade layer.

Out the liquid layer subsequently flows thixotropic Liquid towards the hole.

The Thixotropic fluid is introduced between the insulation layer and the outer layer of plaster, by force such as As bolts, grids, mats or webs of the insulating layer spatially spaced. Alternatively, the liquid can also included in a separate, enclosed cladding be. It is particularly advantageous if the thixotropic liquid layer the bonding layer can replace that between insulation material and plaster layer usually has to be applied. Of course, this layering can be repeated several times be executed, even at different depths of Facade in use. At the same time is a subdivision of the layer makes sense in individual two-dimensional chambers, as this in particular the assembly and production is simplified.

In an alternative embodiment, the outer Plaster itself equipped with thixotropic properties, then deleted the layer between insulation and exterior plaster. This can z. B. by the introduction or embedding of capsules or Balls or other moldings succeed in their Inside contain thixotropic liquids or even out made of such a material. This embodiment is particularly advantageous if the outer layer subsequently should be applied. Here is an application step with the usual Crafting methods are performed.

The Exterior facade according to the invention is suitable in use, especially for residential buildings. but she is not limited to this. Also on buildings and in particular technical installations, gas or liquid storage Insulating layers provided that against heat or cold loss to protect. Since they are basically under construction similar to those previously described for house facades, they are also attractive to woodpeckers. Find such insulating layers also in space, with the liquid fuel tanks are strongly cooled and insulated against cold loss Need to become. It is known that these insulation also attract woodpeckers. For such applications is the Invention according to the teaching of the claims also suitable.

Of the Façade construction can be retrofitted to an existing building applied or alternatively in the construction of the building already be integrated into the facade structure.

The Choice of thixotropy-giving materials is to be made so that the viscosity properties over a conventional Useful life of up to 30 years.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - EP 2004051664 [0011]
• DE 2817200 C2 [0021]
• - DE 60220148 T2 [0022]
• - DE 69902274 T2 [0023]
• - DE 19612040 A1 [0024]
• - DE 2360019 [0024]
• - EP 0086034 [0024]
• - DE 19841405 C2 [0024]
• - DE 19956835 A1 [0025]

Claims (5)

Building thermal insulation facade for application to a building wall, comprising at least one insulating layer and an outer, visible outer layer, characterized in that between the building wall and the outer layer, a further layer of a material is provided which has permanently thixotropic properties. Building insulation facade according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer of thixotropic Material is formed in the form of separate chambers. Building insulation facade according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the building wall is kept at a distance from the visible outer layer. Building insulation facade according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterized that the thixotropic material is enclosed by a cladding is. Building insulation facade according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized that the layer of thixotropic material, the primer layer between insulating material and outer layer replaced.