DE202006020015U1 - Mineral granules - Google Patents

Abstract

mineral Granules, in particular animal scattering granules, bedding granules in construction, oil and / or Chemical binder granules, essentially of agglomerated, at least microporous, preferably having micropores and macroporous calcium silicate hydrate material grains Granules with a bulk density according to DIN EN 1097-3: 1998, less than 700 g / l, where in the matrix of Granules MgO particles and / or CaO particles or particles of hydroxides these oxides and / or bentonite particles and / or starch, in particular cold water-soluble potato starch and / or Starch derivatives such as Glucose syrup and / or dextrin solution in quantities over 1 Wt .-%, based on the calcium silicate hydrate material are.

Description

The The invention relates to a mineral produced by granulation porous Granules. Such granules are used in particular as adsorbents for liquid media, e.g. as animal litter or oil binder used.

Known is, highly absorbent Granules of crushed and classified pore or foam concrete granules to be used as animal litter. In particular, such granules are advantageous that the bulk density only 300 to 500 g / l and the granules may be a waste product.

Known are also bentonite-based granules. Bentonite is a high-absorbency clay mineral, which swells to a considerable extent after contact with water and forms agglomerates. When using bentonite as animal litter Lumps form, which are easily removed from the remaining litter and can be disposed of. disturbing Odor development can be avoided by using liquid contaminated parts of the litter are removed and the remaining Litter continues to be used, reducing the consumption of litter can be reduced. Disadvantages of using pure bentonite are the costs for the raw material and the high bulk density from 900 to 1,000 g / l. (The bulk weights are within the scope of the invention according to DIN EN 1097-3: 1998 determined Bulk densities).

It were about it already efforts to combine the advantages of both products.

From the DE 195 09 747 A1 is a porous granules for ad- and absorption of liquids and gases, in particular for use as animal sanitary litter Ver known, which consists of a clay mineral component covered aerated concrete grains and whose grain size between 0.5 and 4, preferably between 0.5 and 2 mm should lie. The clay mineral component should be in finely divided form as flour, whereby the swelling capacity should be favored. Depending on the production process, the porous support material should be available in different bulk densities and particle sizes, bulk densities of 300 and 400 g / l being preferred. For the production, water and bentonite flour are processed to a slurry with a thin sludge, into which aerated concrete material with a particle size of less than 1.5 mm is sprinkled. This primary grain should be microporous calcium silicate and coated in the mixing process with a uniform layer thickness of the bentonite slurry, the finished granules should have a size of about 2 mm. An average bulk density of these granules is given as about 450 g / l. The proportion of highly swellable clay mineral should range from 25 to 50 wt .-% and the proportion of cellular concrete or Calcium Silkathydratmaterials should be between 50 to 75 wt .-%. Viewed in cross-section, the granules have a relatively large core of porous calcium silicate hydrate material and a relatively thin bentonite shell to the core. According to this document, a rewetting of the granules dried in a stream of hot air can also take place in order to impart additional finely divided bentonite and thus to increase the layer thickness of the bentonite to a certain thickness.

From the EP 0 716 806 A1 Also, there is known a granule for use as an animal litter wherein 25 to 70 parts by weight of a highly swellable material and 30 to 75 parts by weight of a cellular concrete granule are used. According to this document, it is in addition to the embodiments according to the DE 195 09 747 A1 it is possible to mix both materials in such a way that a cross-sectionally homogeneous structure within the granule is achieved. The autoclaved aerated material should have grain sizes of <0.5 mm with a bentonite content of around 25% by weight for producing a granulate of homogeneous composition.

Furthermore, from the DE 198 43 887 B4 a hygienic granules based on calcium silicate hydrate and bentonite, according to which the granules pelleted granules having a two-layer structure with a core and a shell or shell, wherein the core predominantly calcium silicate hydrate and the shell comprises a mixture of finely divided, swellable clay mineral and finely divided calcium silicate , The advantage of this granulate is that the shell of a mixture of finely divided, swellable clay material and finely divided calcium silicate hydrate in the absorption of liquid is not impermeable and thus a relatively large proportion of the liquid can be forwarded into the core.

at a use of such granules as animal litter or plant granules a particularly high abrasion resistance is desirable because the granules be used in the direct living or living area of humans and thus should not cause dust or abrasion.

In this context, in particular, the processing and binding of flour-shaped or Dust-like material Problems in that the material mixes and mixes poorly during manufacture and tends in the finished product to detach and thus to the formation of abrasion and dust.

task of the present invention is a granule containing flour particles to create a high adsorption capacity and a high storage capacity for liquids as well as good strength, good abrasion resistance and a has good odor retention. In addition, the granules should from predominantly Low cost waste producible and one possible bright, especially gray to white product. Furthermore the granules should not be toxic, environmentally sound and in normal and outside temperatures be temperature stable.

It was surprisingly found that a granules of granules very good adsorption properties, especially very good animal behavior and a very good good abrasion stability and strength that can be produced from at least one mealy and / or grainy Calcium silicate hydrate material, such as granular and / or finely divided or flour-shaped Pore or foam concrete material and a granulation aid, especially for the flour component, in the form of powdered magnesium oxide in particular and / or calcium oxide and / or their hydroxides and / or bentonite and / or strength and / or starch derivatives, like glucose syrup and / or dextrin solution (in the following will take place Strength and / or starch derivatives only strength specified). The new granules in particular have a relative smooth surface and guaranteed a very big one Water absorption and a relatively low bulk density from e.g. <650 g / l. As a special effect, the granules of the granules of the invention due to the use of magnesium oxide and / or calcium oxide and / or their hydroxides and / or bentonite and / or starch as in particular dust-binding and promoting granule formation Granulating agent has a light to white compliant color.

One Another advantage of the invention by granulation or Agglomeration of produced granules is that due to the use of magnesium oxide and / or calcium oxide and / or their hydroxides and / or bentonite and / or starch a surprise improved odor control sets. It is not yet known, why that is.

When Another advantage is that a starting material of granule granules according to the invention, namely Calcium silicate hydrate material, especially as pore and / or Foamed concrete waste material, in particular predominantly tobermorite as a mineral having, in the production of pore and / or foam concrete elements accrues. In particular, in the industrial production of pore and / or foam concrete moldings as well as the splitting of pore and / or foam concrete cubes flour fractions this Materials, according to an embodiment of the invention for Production of granule granules according to the invention exclusively be used.

Furthermore In addition, according to a variant of the invention, granular calcium silicate hydrate material, in particular in the form of accumulating in the production of cellular concrete and / or Foam concrete fracture material, used together with the flours.

When Granulation auxiliaries or granulation agents are used according to the invention magnesium oxide and / or calcium oxide and / or their hydroxides and / or bentonite and / or strength. These raw materials are also available at low cost and easy to process. The granules according to the invention can be in commercial and uncomplicated granulating be prepared, whereby the production cost of granules granules overall very low can be kept.

The Granules of granules also have good grain strength for the Use as bulk material and a good flowability and thus also a good compressibility at e.g. vibration effects on.

The The present invention thus relates to a granule of granules comprising Granules made by granulating mixtures of at least the ingredients calcium silicate hydrate material in flour form or in flour form and grainy Form on the one hand and magnesium oxide and / or calcium oxide and / or their hydroxides and / or bentonite and / or starch.

The equivalent terms flour or powder or dust or finely divided in the present invention finely divided particle sizes in production-related particle size distribution, in particular Gaussian grain normal distribution with particle sizes up to 1200 microns and a maximum of the particle size distribution preferably below 500 microns; Grainy means grain sizes of 1000 microns to eg 8 mm, preferably with a maximum of the particle size distribution between 2 and 5 mm. (The following is for the finely divided fractions the term "flour" or "flour fraction" or "flour meal" is used here.) (Gaussian grain normal distribution or Gaussian grain distribution also means in the following a uniform or almost uniform idealized frequency curve curve distribution or approximate frequency curve curve distribution with a maximum or maximum range.)

Under Granules that form the granules of granules are within the framework of the Invention Intrinsic Grainy Products to be understood by an agglomerating granulation process and not made by breaking or grinding and the good ones pourable are and their grains one for the particular application sufficient to very good, relatively have abrasion-resistant mechanical strength. Due to the production The granules result in a relatively narrow particle size range e.g. with Gaussian Grain distribution and approximate uniform geometric shape, e.g. with spherical shape and / or approximate spherical shape, of the granules. The granules are e.g. completely made of flour or dust or Powder produced alone or together with granular material, as granules with rounded surface contours. That for the production the granules used is pore and / or foam concrete material preferably waste material from pore and / or foam concrete production, that for the preparation of the products according to the invention optionally prepared, e.g. is broken down or ground and classified.

With Calcium silicate hydrate material or aerated concrete and foam concrete material is in the context of the present invention, in particular at least Microporous exhibiting, preferably a microporous and swelling or Foam pores resulting macroporous synthetic, hydrothermal produced material referred to. It is in particular a pore and / or Foamed concrete material, in particular mainly the mineral tobermorite having, wherein the pore and / or foam concrete material pores and / or Foam concrete flour and / or granular Pore and / or foam concrete material with common e.g. Gaussian grain distribution, but also material with default grain between a flour fraction and a granular fraction.

micropores are pores that arise during hydrothermal hardening by water escapes and thereby open spaces in the form of fine capillary channels leaves and through gaps between calcium silicate hydrate crystals (CSH crystals). (Hereinafter "calcium silicate hydrate" is also abbreviated to "CSH".)

Premixed Dry mixture for the granulation preferably have 20 to 100 wt .-%, in particular 50 to 75% by weight of CSH material flour, e.g. Pore and / or foam concrete flour, and 0.5 to 10 wt .-%, in particular From 2 to 4% by weight granulating agent, preferably in the form of MgO powder, on. A respective remainder consists of the granular CSH material.

The Granulating, in particular MgO and / or CaO and their Hydroxides are expediently used in flour or powder form.

As the powdery magnesium oxide (MgO), it is preferable to use calcined magnesia, especially Chinese caustic magnesia, and hydroxide, powdery magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH) ₂ ). In particular powdered calcium oxide component is in particular white fine lime (CaO) and / or at least one other burned fine lime, such as water fine lime or hydraulic lime and / or slaked white fine lime (Ca (OH) ₂ ) and / or at least one other extinguished fine lime or lime, used. The starch used is, for example, a cold water-soluble potato starch.

For a first embodiment of the granules, at least one flour of at least one calcium silicate hydrate material in a so-called pelleting mixer or granulation with at least one flour granulating aid, selected from the group MgO, CaO, Mg (OH) ₂ , Ca (OH) ₂ , bentonite and / or starch, first premixed dry and then added to the mixture in the mixer while mixing further with water, for example, sprayed or sprayed, so that granulation or agglomeration or pelletization takes place. (The terms granulation, agglomeration and pelleting are used equivalently in the context of the present invention, but granulation is preferred.)

To Achieving a wet granule granules with a predetermined granule size and / or Granule size distribution of granule granules, the granules are removed from the pelleting mixer and dried.

As calcium silicate hydrate products, hydrothermal hardened, microporous products are used from a CaO and a SiO ₂ component in the usual way, and / or calcium silicate rat products which have additionally been subjected to a swelling process before the hydrothermal hardening or to which a foam has been added prior to the hydrothermal hardening so that macropores are also present in the cured product in addition to micropores resulting from water channels and crystal interspaces. The latter are in particular aerated concrete or foam concrete products, of which in the context of the invention preferably the waste products in granular form (fractions) and in flour form (dust products) are used to solve waste problems. The fractions may optionally be further comminuted and graded to provide granular grades of particular grain distributions, or they may be ground to produce granular flours unless sufficient dust rejects are present.

Particularly suitable are starting calcium silicate hydrate products from flour with the following particle size distribution: 1000 to 2000 μm: From 3 to 8% by weight, 500 to 1000 μm: From 20 to 33% by weight, 125 to 500 μm: 40 to 57% by weight, up to 125 μm: From 20 to 35% by weight, especially 1000 to 2000 μm: 4 to 7% by weight, 500 to 1000 μm: From 23 to 27% by weight, 125 to 500 μm: From 42 to 48% by weight, up to 125 μm: From 23 to 27% by weight.

It It has been found that in particular the flours from aerated concrete and foamed concrete products with the selected granulating aids granulate particularly well, bar open because of their surface structure in combination with the micropores favors the agglomeration.

The Flour products are e.g. with water contents of 2 to 40% by weight, in particular from 22 to 35% by weight and with flour meal sizes up to 1200 μm, in particular up to 1000 μm, and in particular with Gaussian grain distributions used, the range of the maximum being e.g. between 100 and 400 microns is. The preferably fine-flour granulating aids are preferably dry and have grain sizes up 200 μm, in particular up to 125 μm, at e.g. also Gaussian Particle size distributions.

the in a Granuliermischer introduced dry flour and Granulierhilfsmittel when the mixer is running water in amounts of 15 to 50 wt .-%, in particular from 20 to 30% by weight, based on the dry amount, e.g. by spraying or injecting added to the mixer and with relatively low mixing energy the Granulation in the mixer causes. In the process, the mixing component parameters become and the granulating energy adjusted such that a free-flowing granules is produced with abrasion-resistant granules whose spatial form substantially rounded, e.g. is substantially spherical, with grain sizes between 1 and 3 mm, in particular between 1.5 and 2.5 mm, as well as water contents between 30 and 45% by weight, in particular between 36 and 39% by weight, on. After drying is the water content 2 to 15 wt .-%, in particular 3 to 8 wt .-%, and the bulk density is 450 to 750 g / l, in particular 600 to 700 g / l, and the water absorption is 70 to 130 wt .-%, in particular 80 to 110 wt .-%.

The granules according to the invention contain in their grain structure the flour particles of the calcium silicate hydrate product and, between these flour particles, Mg (OH) ₂ and / or Ca (OH) ₂ crystal or crystallite phases and / or bentonite and / or starch containing the calcium silicate hydrate flour particles with one another cemented, in particular when using MgO and / or CaO arise particularly abrasion-resistant granules. Apparently, the hydroxide formation of these oxides in the granulation causes at least one binding surface reaction with calcium silicate hydrate flour particles, which leads in particular in the case of the use of MgO to particularly solid granules.

For binding of residual dust present on the granules and for forming lumps and increasing the water absorption capacity, it is expedient, in a secondary granulation process, to add cellulose ethers, in particular in the form of carboxymethylcellulose, eg of alkali metal carboxylmethylcellulose, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose and / or potassium carboxymethylcellulose, preferably in amounts of 0, 2 to 2 wt .-%, in particular from 0.2 to 1.0 wt .-%, based on the mixture of calcium silicate hydrate and Granulierhilfsmittel. By adding the cellulose ether, granulation aids can be saved because cellulose ethers also assist in granulating. Another advantage of this additive is that it causes clumping at an amount of 3 to 10% by mass in the usable granules, eg when used as litter, and increases the water absorption.

It is advantageous that more usual Additives, such as dyes, fragrances, odor-binding substances, pigments, Catalysts, fertilizers or indicators are added, e.g. Perfumes in quantities up to 1.0 wt .-%, based on the dry matter of the granules.

Granules according to this first embodiment of the invention have granules which contain: 78 to 97% by weight Calcium silicate hydrate material flour, 1 to 5% by weight granulation, 2 to 15% by weight adsorptively bound water, after drying, 0 to 2% by weight carboxymethylcellulose, especially 90 to 96% by weight Calcium silicate hydrate material flour, 2 to 4% by weight granulation, in particular Mg (OH) ₂ , 2 to 5% by weight adsorptively bound water, 0 to 1% by weight carboxymethylcellulose, wherein the granules bulk densities of 500 to 750 g / l, in particular from 500 to 600 g / l, and a water absorption of 70 to 180 wt .-%, in particular from 80 to 130 wt .-%, comprising.

For a further embodiment of the granules, a calcium silicate hydrate material is granulated, which has as starting material before granulation particle sizes up to 8000 .mu.m, in particular up to 5000 .mu.m, and a Gaussian particle size distribution, ie consists both of flour fractions and of granular fractions of the calcium silicate hydrate material , The particle size distribution of such a product is exemplified in 1 displayed. The granular fraction having particle sizes between 1000 μm and 5000 μm is expediently below 80% by weight, preferably below 10% by weight, in particular below 8% by weight.

The Starting calcium silicate hydrate products have the same water contents like the above-described calcium silicate hydrate flour products and are used with the equal amounts of granulation aids mixed. Likewise used the same amounts of water for granulation.

The produced granules have grain sizes between 0.3 and 10 mm, in particular between 0.5 and 8.0 mm, and water contents between 20 and 45 wt .-%, in particular between 32 and 40 wt .-%. The granules is removed from the mixer and preferably dried, until e.g. Water contents between 2 and 15 wt .-%, in particular between 3 and 8% by weight. These granules have bulk densities between 450 and 750 g / l, in particular between 500 and 600 g / l, on.

The spatial form of these granules, which are preferably also re-granulated with cellulose ether, is well rounded despite the irregular fissured surface structure in the case of the use of granular aerated concrete or foam concrete starting calcium silicate hydrate starting material, in which pore fragments of the macropores are still present. The granules of this granulate consist, according to the starting material, of the calcium silicate hydrate product particles of different sizes and MgO and / or Mg (OH) ₂ and / or Ca (OH) ₂ crystal or crystallite phases and / or bentonite and / or starch. which cement the calcium silicate hydrate particles with each other.

The The composition of the granules is in the composition range given above for the flours in terms of the components calcium silicate hydrate, water after drying and Carboxymethylcellulose. These granules may also contain the additives listed above contain.

For a third particularly preferred embodiment of the granules, a calcium silicate hydrate material mixture with a so-called default grain size is used, ie to mix a calcium silicate hydrate material meal with a granular calcium silicate hydrate material, wherein grain fractions between the two products are missing or only in minor amounts of eg below 10 Wt .-%, preferably below 5 wt .-%, are present. By way of example, such a composition is described in 2 shown. 2 shows the grain distribution of a flour (rhombic points) and the grain distribution of a granular product (square dots), each of aerated concrete waste material. The two grain distribution curves intersect at grain sizes between 1 and 2 mm. The grits in the range of 2 to 0.5 mm are each less than 10 wt .-% and fall under the term "default grain", as it should be understood in the invention.

In this respect, calcium silicate hydrate material flours with particle sizes below 1000 μm, in particular below 500 μm, in particular with particle size distribution maxima below 500 μm, are mixed with granular calcium silicate hydrate material grain fractions which have the following grain distributions: > 7 mm: up to 10% by weight 5 to 7 mm: 10 to 30% by weight, 4 to 5 mm: From 25 to 40% by weight, 3.15 to 4 mm: From 25 to 40% by weight, 1 to 3.15 mm: From 25 to 40% by weight, <1 mm: up to 10% by weight, especially > 7 mm: up to 7% by weight 5 to 7 mm: 10 to 24% by weight, 4 to 5 mm: From 27 to 34% by weight, 3.15 to 4 mm: From 27 to 34% by weight, 1 to 3.15 mm: From 27 to 34% by weight, <1 mm: to 4% by weight.

The Grain distribution maximum is e.g. between 2.5 and 4 mm.

The mixing ratios of flour fraction to granular grain fraction is, for example:
Flour fraction to grain fraction = 3 to 1 wt .-% to 2 to 3, in particular 2 to 1 wt .-%.

Especially advantageous in this embodiment The invention is that particularly abrasion-resistant granules with high Strength are achievable, the surface structure also rounded Contours and less fissures have, because the pore fragments of the macropores largely covered by the flour fractions. To ensure that these granules have particularly high water absorption capacities. Also in this case, e.g. the granulating agents crystal phases or crystallite phases of the hydroxides or hydroxide phases, the calcium silicate hydrate particles to abrasion-resistant granules of high strength. The granules correspond in their composition of composition, the above for the the flours are made. The granules this embodiment can Furthermore also contain the specified additives and additives. she are preferably also post-granulated with cellulose ether.

Based The following table, which indicates sieve passes, is intended as an example be clarified that the use of the granulation aids, In particular, the MgO, which supports or promotes granulation, allowing a significant improved agglomeration can be achieved. Otherwise same conditions and with equal additions became a flour fraction and a grainy one Fraction of an aerated concrete, once without MgO and once with MgO, granulated.

 The Result shows in particular under the category fractions that with MgO indeed larger granules and thus better granulation can be achieved. The in the table given values refer to percentages by weight.

The Invention succeeds especially when flour fractions with grain sizes below 1000 μm, in particular below 500 μm, used or co-used. The invention does not succeed with the required quality of the granules, if flour fractions <1000 μm are missing or only in quantities below 20% by weight and granular calcium silicate hydrate materials in the particle size range from 1000 to 8000 μm, in particular from 1500 to 5000 μm, be granulated. If finer flours are used, shifts this limit of the flour compositions even under 20 wt .-%.

To a particular variant of this embodiment of the invention first the flour fractions in a granulating mixer with water e.g. in already entered quantities of 15 to 50, in particular of 20 to 30 wt .-%, mixed into a slurry. Only then will the grained Fractions added. The resulting granules exhibit in a surprise Way a better water absorption capacity and higher abrasion resistance and better Rounding up.

Claims (20)

Mineral granules, in particular animal granules, bulk pellets in construction, oil and / or Chemical binder granules, essentially of agglomerated, at least microporous, preferably having micropores and macroporous calcium silicate hydrate material grains Granules with a bulk density according to DIN EN 1097-3: 1998, less than 700 g / l, where in the matrix of Granules MgO particles and / or CaO particles or particles of hydroxides these oxides and / or bentonite particles and / or starch, in particular soluble in cold water potato starch and / or starch derivatives such as glucose syrup and / or dextrin solution in amounts greater than 1% by weight, are contained based on the calcium silicate hydrate material. Granules according to Claim 1, characterized in that the MgO particles consist of caustic magnesia and / or hydroxide formed from the MgO, for example brucite (Mg (OH) ₂ ). Granules according to claim 1, characterized that the CaO particles consist of fine lime, in particular white fine lime, and / or consist of hydroxides formed from these calcium oxides. Granules according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the oxides and / or hydroxides with Flour grain sizes <1200 microns, in particular <1000 microns, are present. Granules according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the oxides and / or hydroxides in amounts of 1 to 8 wt .-%, in particular from 2 to 4 wt .-%, based on the calcium silicate hydrate material, is present. Granules according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the calcium silicate hydrate material is microporous (pore diameter <100 microns) and macroporous (pore diameter over 500 microns). Granules according to claim 6, characterized that the calcium silicate hydrate material from autoclaved aerated and / or Foamed concrete material consists. Granules according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the calcium silicate hydrate material is a flour is and with flour grain sizes <1200 .mu.m, in particular <1000 microns, is present. Granules according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the calcium silicate hydrate material with both Flour fraction grain sizes as also with grainy ones Grain fractions up to 8 mm, in particular up to 6 mm, and Gaussian particle size distribution is present. Granules according to claim 9, characterized that a flour fraction and a granular fraction with each a distinguishable Gaussian Grain distribution due to a Ausfallkörnung present. Granules according to claim 10, characterized that between the fractions a default grain or grit gap exist is by putting between the Gaussian Grain distribution curves a grit gap exists. Granules according to claim 10, characterized that the Gaussian Partial overlap of grain distribution curves (bell curves). Granules according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized by bulk weights between 450 and 750 g / l, in particular between 500 and 600 g / l. Granules according to one or more of claims 1 to 13, characterized by a water absorption capacity between 70 and 180 wt .-%, in particular 80 and 130 wt .-%. Granules according to one or more of claims 1 to 14, characterized by grain sizes of the granules between 0.3 and 10.0 mm, in particular between 0.5 and 8.0 mm. Granules according to one or more of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the granules in particular to Residual dust binding Carboxylmethylcellulose, preferably in amounts from 0.1 to 2.0% by weight, in particular from 0.2 to 1.0% by weight, or 3 to 10 wt .-% for clumping and residual dust binding. Granules according to one or more of claims 1 to 16, prepared by adding a calcium silicate hydrate material flour and optionally additionally granular calcium silicate hydrate material with at least one granulation auxiliary selected from the group MgO, CaO, Mg (OH) ₂ and Ca (OH) ₂ , starch, starch derivatives , premixed dry, the mixture then added to water in a pelleting mixer while mixing, or the flour fractions premixed with water and then the granular material added and pellets were made by granulating, the granules were removed from the pelleting mixer and dried. Granules according to claim 17, characterized that a remixing done and thereby carboxylmethylcellulose for residual dust binding, preferably in amounts of 0.1 to 1.0 wt .-%, based on the mixture, or for clumping and residual dust binding added 3 to 10 wt .-% have been. Granules according to Claim 17 and / or 18, characterized in that granular starting calcium silicate hydrate products to be mixed with the flour have been used with the following particle size distribution:> 7 mm: to 10 wt.%, 5 to 7 mm: 10 to 30 wt. -%, 4 to 5 mm: 10 to 40 wt .-%, 3.15 to 4 mm: 10 to 40 wt .-%, 1 to 3.5 mm: 10 to 60 wt .-%, <1 mm: to 10% by weight Granules according to one or more of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the following mixing ratios from flour fraction to more granular Grain fraction have been used: Flour fraction: grain fraction = 3: 1 to 2: 3, in particular to 2: 1 wt .-%.