DE202006011146U1 - Agent, useful to combat plant-pathogenic parasite and as plant protectant, comprises an aqueous solution containing a combination of cell elongating hormone with rapeseed oil and an emulsifier - Google Patents

Abstract

Agent (A), based on cell elongating hormone, comprises an aqueous solution containing a combination of cell elongating hormone with rapeseed oil and an emulsifier. ACTIVITY : Antiparasitic; Virucide; Antibacterial; Fungicide; Insecticide. No biological data given. MECHANISM OF ACTION : None given.

Description

This Invention has the goal of a cost-effective and environmentally friendly To develop crop protection products.

Lots the known pesticides can be for cost reasons and due to lack of environmental friendliness use only limited. Therefore, with the present innovation should the need for funds that qualify as cost-effective alternatives come or because of ecological Safety can be used in some areas, application Find.

With The induced resistance is a direct influence on the pests excluded, the effect should be developed solely on the plant.

Cell elongation hormones:

In A normal development process of plants can be several Differentiate growth phases. a) Once the embryonic growth, in which primarily the cytoplasm grows, the spatial enlargement of the Cells but within moderate limits on the other hand the so-called b.) extension growth of the cells, in the first place, the actual strong form changes and size increases respectively. The cytoplasm does not increase anymore as the volume increase the cells mainly by receiving water under training and strong enlargement of the Vacuoles can come about. This is followed by the c.) Differentiation phase in which the cell is the final one Takes shape, with the transitions being fluid. Of these phases, cytoplasmic growth is the most important Operation dar. Here must not only species-specific numerous syntheses of the different building blocks, like carbohydrates, amino acids and polypeptides, N-bases and nucleotides, peptides and the like. a. respectively, but it must also all these substances are combined in species-specific manner to the structural elements of the protoplasm.

To definition is such a clear distinction between Pesticides and agents with resistance-inducing Effect but not always possible because there are compounds that have both effects. Therefore, can the occurrence of both effects under practical conditions for the plant be beneficial.

Known In the literature, cell-stretching hormones are plant growth can influence. Likewise Investigations are available that the infestation of plants with fungi can be reduced.

• a) In einer genetisch resistenten Pflanze durchlaufen Zellen einer Pflanze schnell die embryonale Phase (cytoplasmareiche Phase), so dass den Parasiten in der Zellstreckungsphase die Ernährungsgrundlage entzogen wird und diese sich nicht bzw. nicht voll entwickeln können.
• b) In einer genetisch anfälligen Pflanze kann dieser Effekt auf die embryonale Phase durch Zellstreckungshormone erzielt werden. Die Zellen durchlaufen mit Hilfe von Zellstreckungshormonen schneller die cytoplasmareiche Phase und kommen so ebenfalls schneller in die Zellstreckungsphase.

Obligate parasites such as fungi, many insects, bacteria and viruses rely on cytoplasm as a food source.

• a) In a genetically resistant plant, cells of a plant rapidly pass through the embryonic phase (cytoplasmic phase), so that the parasites are deprived of the nutritional base in the cell extension phase and can not develop or fully develop.
• b) In a genetically susceptible plant this effect on the embryonic phase can be achieved by cell-stretching hormones. The cells pass through the cytoplasmic phase more quickly with the help of cell-stretching hormones and thus also enter the cell extension phase more quickly.

A Effect of cell-stretching hormones on the plant is general known. However, it has not been the dependence of obligate parasites observed by the state of development (cytoplasmic content) of the plant cells. Also, in experiments, the effectiveness of cell-stretching hormones tested for resistance behavior. Due to the uncertain results However, so far never has been a usable product for crop protection be developed.

• a) Die natürlich vorkommenden pflanzlichen Auxine gehören zu den Phytohormonen. Neben der Phenylessigsäure, welche von geringerer Bedeutung ist, ist die Indol-3-ylessigsäure (β-Indolylessigsäure) das einzig pflanzliche Auxin. Indol-3-ylessigsäure findet man im Pflanzengewebe in freier Form oder an Aminosäuren, wie Asparaginsäure oder Tryptophan. In verschiedenen Pflanzen finden sich weitere strukturverwandte Verbindungen der Indol-3-ylessigsäure wie z.B. 4-Chlorindolylessigsäure, Indolylethanol, Indolylacetamid, Indolylacetonitril und Indolylacetaldehyd. Diese dienen zum Teil als Biosynthesevorstufen (Auxinvorstufen).
• b) Von den synthetischen Verbindungen mit Auxinaktivität sind vor allem Indolylbuttersäure, Indolylpropionsäure, Phenyl- und Napthylessigsäure sowie Phenoxy- und Naphthoxyessigsäure von praktischer Bedeutung. Zu den pflanzenfremden Auxinen zählen die β-Indolylbuttersäure, Benzoesäuren (Oxybenzoesäure) als Sylicylsäure, welche künstlich im Labor hergestellt werden. Von der Salicylsäure leitet sich durch Veresterung mit Essigsäure die Acetalsalicylsäure (Aspirin) ab. Salicylsäure kommt in Form ihres Methylesters in ätherischen Ölen vor. Ihren Namen bekam sie, da sie früher vor allem aus der Rinde verschiedener Weiden (Salix) gewonnen wurde.

The auxins are a group of natural and synthetic cell-stretching hormones (growth regulators).

• a) The naturally occurring plant auxins belong to the phytohormones. Besides phenylacetic acid, which is of lesser importance, indol-3-ylacetic acid (β-indolylacetic acid) is the only herbal auxin. Indol-3-ylacetic acid is found in plant tissue in free form or on amino acids such as aspartic acid or tryptophan. In various plants there are further structurally related compounds of indol-3-ylacetic acid such as 4-chloroindolylacetic acid, indolylethanol, indolylacetamide, indolylacetonitrile and indolylacetaldehyde. These serve partly as biosynthesis precursors (auxin precursors).
• b) Of the synthetic compounds having auxin activity, especially indolylbutyric acid, indolylpropionic acid, phenyl- and naphthylacetic acid and phenoxy- and naphthoxyacetic acid are of practical use interpretation. The non-plant auxins include β-indolylbutyric acid, benzoic acids (oxybenzoic acid) as sylic acid, which are artificially produced in the laboratory. From the salicylic acid is derived by esterification with acetic acid acetalsalicylic acid (aspirin). Salicylic acid occurs in the form of its methyl ester in essential oils. It got its name, because it was formerly mainly from the bark of various pastures (Salix) won.

For present Invention based on resistance inductors becomes the requirement raised, the optimal application rate, which is already a resistance-inducing Action against harmful organisms allowed but still no phytotoxic Side effects or direct effects on the pest have, too Find.

So far However, no product could be developed that meets the criteria for one true resistance inductor met. The mechanisms of action are often still unclear and the results were mostly not satisfying and difficult to understand.

This Problem was solved with the present invention such that Cell extension hormones in combination with defined amounts of formulated vegetable oils such as. rape oil with the aid of an emulsifier particularly favorable for controlling undesirable biotrophic harmful organisms such as e.g. Fungal diseases on plants can be used. The defined amounts of rapeseed oil range from 750 ml per liter to 990 ml per liter and with the emulsifier from 10 ml per liter to 250 ml per liter.

subsequent Combination products have been studied so far and have proven to be proved effective:

1.

• (a) 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
• (b) rapeseed oil (880 ml / liter)
• (c) Emulsifier (120 ml / liter)

Second

• (a) acetylsalicylic acid
• (b) rapeseed oil (880 ml / liter)
• (c) Emulsifier (120 ml / liter)

Of the Emulsifier is composed of the following substances:

Rimulgan:

• Castor oil: 67.49%;
• Ionic oleic acids: 25 %;
• anionic CA salts: 5.25%;
• Alcohol: 2.25%;
• Antioxidants: 0.01%.

The reinforce existing combination products to 1st and 2nd stabilize the effect at low drug levels, that is, the Overall effect surpasses the expected additive effect of the individual components.

at In particular, experiments showed that both the cell elongation hormones as well as the formulated rapeseed oils In a single application, although each certain fungicidal effect but also at higher levels Concentrations were insufficient, the fungal attack sufficient to reduce.

By the present inventive combination of components 1. (a), (b) and (c) and 2. (a), (b) and (c) becomes a fungicidal action achieved with a synergistic effect, with the result that the combination of the components is much better than those of the individual components. Also are at optimal application rates the active ingredients no phytotoxic damage has become apparent.

Consequently depends on that Efficacy of cell elongation hormones of the optimal concentration and application rate, wherein the fungicidal activity of crop plants dependent on of the respective variety can vary slightly.

It were greenhouse experiments performed with the cucumbers Vorgebirgstraube, Tanja and Bella. When Induction interval became 8 days based on present experience selected. With a hand sprayer the application of the inductor was carried out. Was splashed until the Dripping wet. The cucumber varieties were in the five-leaf stage. The supply the plants with water and nutrients took place as needed with a light period of 16 hours. The Culture took place in unit earth. It was a mixed population of Powdery mildews Erysiphe cichoracearum and Sphaerotheca fuliginea. The experiments were carried out with 4 repetitions (plants) per variant carried out.

evaluated became the infested colony area on the leaves in %. There were average values of the colony areas of the individual leaves / plant calculated.

Trial members:

• Control: untreated
• D active substance: 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (0,001%) without additives
• AS active ingredient: acetylsalicylic acid (0.33%) without additives
• DI = 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (0.001%) + rapeseed oil (0.5%) + Emulsifier (0.5%)
• DII = 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (0.0001%) + rapeseed oil (0.5%) and emulsifier (0.5%)
• AS I = acetylsalicylic acid (0.33%) + rapeseed oil (0.5%) + emulsifier (0.5%)
• AS II = acetylsalicylic acid (0.033%) + rapeseed oil (0.5%) + emulsifier (0.5%)

As from the table, the present inventive combination Cell extension hormones + rapeseed oil + Emulsifier to show better results than the cell extension hormones alone.

Consequently Fulfills present inventive combination product of 1. (a), (b), (c) and 2. (a), (b) and (c) the object, on the basis of cell elongation hormones in combination with rapeseed oil and an emulsifier combating of biotrophic harmful organisms such as e.g. Viruses, bacteria, fungi and affect insects from the efficiency much more effective.

To mention is still that the present experiments under controlled conditions in the greenhouse carried out so that in terms of application concentration for plant protection a certain span is required.

Claims (3)

Cell-extended hormone-based agents, characterized in that they are aqueous solutions containing a fungicidally effective combination of a cell-stretching hormone with rapeseed oil and an emulsifier. Means to combat of phytopathogenic Parasites according to claim 1), characterized in that one has a fungicidally effective amount of a combination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, from 750 to 990 ml / liter rapeseed oil and 10 ml to 250 ml / liter emulsifier. Means to combat of phytopathogenic Parasites according to claim 1), characterized in that one has a fungicidally effective amount of a combination of acetylsalicylic acid, from 700 to 990 ml / liter rapeseed oil and 10 to 250 ml / liter of emulsifier.