DE202006002864U1 - Charging and testing device for electrical battery, has unit for measuring and/or recording electrical parameter of electrical battery charger that is attached by connection - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a unit (9) for controlled and/or regulated discharging of an electrical battery (2) that is attached by a connection (5) over a resistor (10). A unit (11) measures and/or records an electrical parameter that is present when charging and/or discharging the battery. A unit (12) measures and/or records electrical parameter of an electrical battery charger (7) that is attached by a connection (6).

Description

The The invention relates to a charging and testing device for an electric battery.

In Different areas require electric batteries, where As an example, attention was drawn to the health sector. There will be z. B. in wheelchairs Rechargeable batteries (accumulators) needed to keep the device operational to keep. Especially in the health sector, it can have significant consequences have if the battery fails.

Chargers are known for reliably charging such batteries, with which batteries can be charged if necessary. These devices are often also equipped to detect the state of charge of the battery can to make statements about the condition of the battery can. It is for example on the US 6,324,042 B1 , on the EP 1 111 705 A1 , on the JP 5917 3781 A , on the JP 1127 1408 A and on the JP 0712 8417 A pointed.

In order to be able to check the charger itself, with which the battery can be charged, solution are also previously known. Analyzers with which charging voltages and currents can be registered are described, for example, in WO 01/53846 A1, in EP 1 056 181 A2 , in US 2003/0016048 A1, in the US 6,198,302 B in WO 2005/052617 A1 in the JP 0321 0487 A and in the JP 2001 091606 A described.

From the DE 296 21 472 U1 a battery simulator is known which is used to test chargers.

In the practical application has been found that sometimes when using previously known systems a relatively high cost on the one hand a battery always right and gentle on the other hand, to ensure that the system, consisting of battery and its charger, in perfect condition located. Sometimes you can disorders on the charger only be detected when in operation of the electric equipment Cause problems, so in this context, that the charger is not more fully functional is.

Of the for one reliable Examination of the system, consisting of battery and its charger, to be driven Effort increases again considerably, if the number of different Batteries and Chargers is thought that for the different applications are needed.

Especially problematic is the situation when testing the system by non-professionals, that is to say, in particular by lay people, what must be done as a result the for the use of specialized personnel needed Costs are often the only option is.

Of the The invention is in the light of the task, a charging and testing device available In a particularly simple way, this is not just a charge a battery and a test allows the same but that too the battery provided charger checked.

• – einen Anschluss zum Anschließen des Lade- und Prüfgeräts an eine elektrische Versorgungsquelle,
• – einen Anschluss zum Anschließen der elektrischen Batterie,
• – einen Anschluss zum Anschließen eines elektrischen Ladegeräts zum Aufladen der elektrischen Batterie,
• – Mittel zum gesteuerten bzw. geregelten Laden der über den Anschluss angeschlossenen elektrischen Batterie,
• – Mittel zum gesteuerten bzw. geregelten Entladen der über den Anschluss angeschlossenen elektrischen Batterie über einen im Lade- und Prüfgerät enthaltenden Widerstand,
• – Mittel zum Messen und/oder Protokollieren der beim Laden und/oder Entladen der elektrischen Batterie vorliegenden elektrischen Parameter und
• – Mittel zum Messen und/oder Protokollieren der elektrischen Parameter des über den Anschluss angeschlossenen Ladegeräts.

The solution of this object by the invention is characterized by a charging and testing device, which has:

• A connection for connecting the charging and testing device to an electrical supply source,
• A connection for connecting the electric battery,
• A connector for connecting an electric charger for charging the electric battery,
• Means for controlled charging of the electrical battery connected via the connection,
• Means for controlled discharge of the electrical battery connected via the terminal via a resistor contained in the charging and testing device,
• Means for measuring and / or logging the electrical parameters present during charging and / or discharging of the electric battery, and
• - Means for measuring and / or logging the electrical parameters of the charger connected via the connector.

The The invention thus provides a multifunctional device which not only is able to charge a rechargeable battery and to consider but it also allows immediately the charger to test that for the charge of the battery is provided. This can be done locally, for example in a retirement home, where a number of electric wheelchairs too wait is the whole system, consisting of battery and its Charger, tested in a simple manner become.

Of the integrated discharge resistor also allows an incoming Maintenance and inspection of Battery, without that a further expenditure on equipment would be necessary.

there is according to one first training provided that the elements of the loading and Tester in one compact housing are arranged. It makes handling much easier.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the connection for connecting electrical Batte rie and chargers is connected to an automatic Polumschaltung. This is a very useful feature, especially when used by non-professionals, as it does not have any negative consequences for incorrectly connecting the battery and charger to the tester.

Prefers are means for measuring the electric current and the electric Voltage at the battery and / or at the charger for charging the electrical Battery and / or provided on the resistor.

The provided means for measuring and / or logging the Charging and / or discharging the electric battery present electrical Parameters are preferred for the graphic display or output of the measured values educated. Accordingly, it is advantageous if the means for measuring and / or logging the electrical parameters of the over Connection of connected charger for graphic display or output of the measured values are formed.

Around the proposed charging and testing device for a large variety suitable for different types and types of batteries and chargers and to make this possible with a simple operation, are according to one Continuing input means for inputting the type and / or the type the battery connected to the terminal is provided; further can Input means for inputting the type and / or the type of the Connection connected charger are provided.

Prefers It is envisaged that the charging and testing device for connecting batteries from 1.2 to 24V is designed. It can continue to connect of chargers be designed with charging voltages of 1.2 to 24 V. Furthermore, can it for connecting chargers with charging currents up to 10 amps. It is finally preferable to load over the Connection of connected battery with charging currents up to 10 A and with charging voltages designed up to 32V.

Finally, can be provided that the charging and testing device for discharging a via the Connect connected battery via the resistor with a Discharge current up to 10 A is designed.

With the proposed charging and testing device can Check of low voltage power supplies and of chargers with and without temperature monitoring can continue, can continue Chargers of all kinds, DC and AC alternators and accumulators loaded or tested in a wide range of voltages and currents. The test and Charging voltage range can be up to a standard voltage of 48 V and The charging and discharging current can be extended up to 40 A. It is a learning to the test of chargers necessary working points possible, a recording of operations, a simulation of recorded or specified operations and a comparison with recorded or specified operations. Further Logging of the charging and. Testing procedures.

The preferred fields of application are medicine and old technology, especially orthopedics, Furthermore, the automotive engineering, model making and photovoltaic and Wind power small systems.

It a menu-driven operation takes place and an ad about an LCD display with dedicated buttons with scroll up and down and a takeover option suggested inputs.

It is not necessary in an advantageous manner, individual charging and testing equipment for each To procure systems. A single device according to the invention is sufficient out for a variety z. B. of electric wheelchairs, passenger lifts, bath lifters etc. So that can to a considerable extent Costs are reduced.

With the proposed device can preferably chargers be checked from 1.2 to 24V to 10A and their suitability for the corresponding battery types (gel battery, lead battery, Ni-Cd battery, Ni-MH battery, etc.).

batteries in the preferred voltage range between 1.2 and 24 V so can checked become. Furthermore, it can be determined what actual capacity in the battery is stored or what actual capacity was charged in the battery.

All Testing and loads can be logged, which documents the functionality of the devices can be.

A Troubleshooting can thus be considerably simplified and thus shortened. damages caused by defective chargers can thus be prevented. The repair effort can be reduced accordingly.

The Replacement of defective parts can be significantly simplified as a clear statement of the defect is possible. Likewise the price for Warranty expenses be reduced accordingly.

costs It also saves that it is no longer necessary - as before - Accumulators and chargers to exchange suspicion.

The exam Can be done by laymen and with low personnel expenses.

In the drawing is an embodiment of Invention shown. Show it:

1 schematically the charging and testing device with connected battery and connected electric charger and

2 an electrical diagram of the charging and testing device.

In 1 is a charging and testing device 1 to see, in this case three connections 3 . 5 and 6 having. The connection 3 serves to connect the device 1 to an electrical supply source 4 (Power grid), the connection 5 Used to connect an electric battery 2 (Accumulator or "battery") and the connection 6 Finally, to connect an electrical charger 7 To charge the battery 2 is provided.

The Charger and tester can of course without synonymous connected battery only used the test of the charger become.

In the figure is shown that here already the battery 2 and the charger 7 to the charging and testing device 1 connected.

In the charging and testing device 1 are means 8th for charging the electric battery 2 intended. After that it is possible to use the electrical supply source 4 that is, via the power grid, the battery 2 charge; The charger 7 is therefore not mandatory for this.

There are also funds 9 for discharging the electric battery 2 for what purpose in the given case the means 9 an electrical connection of the battery 2 to a discharge resistance 10 make with which the battery 2 can be unloaded in a controlled manner.

medium 11 and means 12 are used for measuring and / or logging: the means 11 Measure or record the charging and / or discharging process of the battery 2 , In which the corresponding currents and voltages are observed, which also on the state of charge of the battery 2 can be closed. The means 12 Measure or record the electrical parameters (current I, voltage U) of the connected charger 7 to test this.

The setting of the charging and testing device 1 on a particular battery 2 or on a specific charger 7 takes place by means of input 21 (Specification of the type and type of battery 2 ) or with the input means 22 (Specification of the type and type of charger 7 ).

All these components are in a compact housing 13 arranged.

An example of a circuit diagram of the charging and testing device 1 turns out 2 , The elements used are standard and require no further explanation.

It should be noted only on the automatic pole change 14 which prevents it from causing problems if accidentally - especially in the application by laymen - to a pole wrong connection of the battery 2 or the charger 7 comes.

Only schematically are means of current measurement 15 . 17 and 19 and means for voltage measurement 16 . 18 . 20 drawn, are measured by the respective currents I and voltages U. With appropriate circuit, the means 19 and 20 also omitted.

The "Multi-Check" charging and testing device 1 allows a connection to the test specimens to be made by means of a 25-pin control plug whose short cable ends are provided with the respective mating connectors or sockets to the devices to be tested. Also possible universal connections z. B. with clamps. In the control connector, the respective coding is determined by wire bridges. By means of this coding, the division (group or device related) can be made according to the needs and customer requirements. In the case of the group-related classification, the corresponding device connectors must be identical, regardless of their polarity. The more detailed this classification is made, the less expertise the operator must possess. For testing, charging and operating currents of more than 10 A, there are outlets to external voltage sources due to the maximum load capacity of the control connector. Batteries, charge controllers and external consumers are each provided with individual plug devices. The cable ends of these connectors are equipped with clamps or pole clamps.

The menu selection is restricted according to its encoding, i. H. device-related There is no selection (all characteristics are known), group-related there is a limited Selection and only for the universal connection is the full range. options exist with regard to the device name or type, voltage, current, capacity (with standardization 5 h, 10 h or 20 h) and the temperature.

Before and during charging and testing, the actual values for voltage, current, capaci temperature and continuously monitored and displayed on the LCD. In the event of limit undershoots or overshoots, appropriate countermeasures are initiated and a message text appears on the LCD display.

There are two types of messages:
The first message prompts the operator to "RETURN OR CANCEL." Program execution stops and the current and voltage values are set to safe operating conditions, such as in the case of the program "Charge battery with a standard voltage of 12V" In this case, the operator must decide whether the selection is correct because the connected battery is deeply discharged, or whether the selection is wrong, because the standard voltage of the connected battery, eg. If the operator chooses "correct", he can continue the program by pressing the "NEXT" key, if the selection is wrong, he can terminate the program by pressing the "CANCEL" key.

The second type of message is a pure fault message and inevitably leads to Program termination. Such a disorder could z. B. in the event of a short circuit or too high a battery voltage occur.

To proper execution of the shop or testing the text on the LCD display shows the suitability of the DUT, z. B. "charger suitable for gel or closed lead batteries type 24V 20 Ah "for group or universal division or "CHARGER I.O." for device classification displayed. When charging or discharging of accumulators is additionally the stored or withdrawn capacity in Ah or mAh.

The Logging is standard via a three-channel line recorder or a plotter (144 × 144 mm) and / or optional over a printer or a PC in tabular protocol format.

Regarding the measuring technology has proven itself that tensions over Transmitters with range switching and potential separation are detected and over a normalized output, z. 0 to 5V, 0 to 10V, 0 (4) to 20 mA, to the analog-to-digital converter of the program control.

Of the Input resistance of these converters must be very high impedance, around the cross currents, the to falsify the measurement result of the current measurements, to keep it as small as possible. Around To get accurate results, the voltage values are over one own supply line through the control plug to directly to the respective Devices mating connector guided. Voltage drops in the test field, caused by very small contact resistances (0.25 Ohm at 10 A equals 2.5 V) at terminal points and contacts play therefore not matter.

A another possibility is the determination of voltage drops z. B. on wheelchairs during the Charging. Therefore Two 4-pin sockets are provided. Normally they are two shorting plugs installed. If you replace these and jams the test wires of the one plug to the charger input and the test leads of the other plug on the accumulators of the wheelchair, so can the Voltage drop during charging are measured.

Currents up to 10 A become indirectly over the voltage drop at a very low shunt resistance (max. 0.006 ohms). The requirement for the necessary transmitter correspond to the voltage measurement. The only difference is the much more sensitive input area (max 60 mV). at Stream up to 20 A become two, with currents to 30 A three and with currents up to 40 A four shunt resistors in series switched, the total voltage drop max. Do not exceed 60 mV may. This type of measurement ensures that the voltage measurements are only slightly falsified become.

The capacitance measurement takes place internally by offsetting in the program control.

For the function of the active pole change the following is worth mentioning:
This is done automatically z. B. via two opposite polarity parallel to the input LEDs of an opto-coupler whose output transistors drive two relays. The normally open contacts of these relays switch through their interconnection the input voltage with the correct polarity to the test field and go into latching. After the high-impedance measuring input of the DDC controller has registered the voltage applied to the test field, the LEDs on the input are switched off. The operator is notified of the correct connection of the external device by a signal lamp.

At the Ending the program will be the output port of the attracted Relay in the signal status "ZERO" set and the Relay drops from.

Should connected external power source carry an AC voltage, so pull the relays over the negative and positive half wave in succession. This is done by the DDC controller detected, the LEDs on the input are turned off and a corresponding message is displayed on the LCD.

Of the Advantage of this circuit construction is a significant improvement handling and safety of the operator. By switching the input resistance before and after activation can both Faulty and incorrect measurements are excluded. On Blocking diodes and / or diode bridge circuits, the above their non-linear voltage drop would falsify the measurement result can be waived.

The general structure of this active Polumschaltung can of course be made with other components. However, the following requirements must be met:
Low input resistance before program start;
High input resistance during program execution;
Fault current equal to or less than 1 mA;
No voltage drops distorting the measurement result;

There the voltage of external voltage sources, such as chargers with reverse polarity protection, without the properly poled external voltage at its output is 0V, it must be made available to him for its activation. These is through an internal power supply generated. Finding the right polarity and activation Such a voltage source is provided by the corresponding programs taken after the program started. The operator must have this special function of the external voltage source not known. This is only recognizable by the fact that an indicator light "external voltage source ready "after the correct connection of the external power source does not light up.

• a) Akku laden mit eingebautem Ladegerät: Nach Anschluss eines Akkus über die mitgelieferte Hardware wird die richtige Polung über den aktiven Polumschalter eingestellt. Dem Bedienungspersonal wird die Richtigkeit seiner Maßnahme durch das Aufleuchten der Meldelampe „AKKU BEREIT" angezeigt. Nun kann die Anwendung durch Betätigung der Taste „START" gestartet werden. Nachdem die Menuauswahl abgeschlossen ist, wird die eigentliche Programmausführung wie folgt gestartet und ausgeführt. Der Ausgangsstrom und die -spannung werden über die beiden dafür vorgesehenen Sollwerteingänge des internen Netzgerätes auf „NULL" gesetzt. Die Ausgangsports für die Relais werden nacheinander auf Signalstatus „EINS" gesetzt und ziehen an. Die in Reihe geschalteten Schließerkontakte der obigen Relais werden stromlos geschlossen und die Verbindung zwischen dem Netzgerät und dem externen Akku wird hergestellt. Anschließend werden entsprechend des gewählten Ladeprogramms und der gemessenen Akkuspannung der Ladestrom und die Ladespannung über die Sollwerteingänge des Netzgerätes eingestellt. Die Reihenfolge, erst Strom und dann Spannung oder umgekehrt, wird durch das gewählte Ladeprogramm festgelegt. Der Akku wird nun durch Nachführung der Istwerte mittels der Sollwerteingänge des Netzgerätes mit der vorgegebenen Ladekennlinie geladen. Nach Erreichen des Grenzwertes „AKKU VOLL" wird auf Erhaltungsladung umgeschaltet, d. h. Strom- und Spannungssollwerte werden entsprechend dieser Betriebsart eingestellt. Die Beendigung des Ladevorganges und der Beginn der Erhaltungsladung wird dem Bediener durch einen Meldetext am LCD-Display angezeigt. Zur Beendigung des Programms, während oder nach der Ladung, muss der Bediener die Taste „ABBRUCH" betätigen. Nach deren Betätigung werden, in dieser Reihenfolge, der Strom und dann die Spannung über ihre Sollwerteingänge auf „NULL" gefahren und anschließend nacheinander die Ausgangsports für die Relais auf Signalstatus „NULL" gesetzt. Die Verbindung zwischen Netzgerät und Akku wird mit dem Abfall der Relais stromlos getrennt. Dem Bediener wird die Beendigung dieses Vorganges mit einem Meldetext am LCD-Display signalisiert. Zur Überwachung und Protokollierung des Ladevorganges werden die Istwerte für Strom und Spannung herangezogen. Diese können dann, je nach Ausführung, über einen Linienschreiber, Drucker oder mit einem PC dargestellt oder gespeichert werden. Die Überwachung und Auswertung der Messergebnisse erfolgt wie beschrieben.
• b) Akku laden mit externem Ladegerät Nach Anschluss eines Akkus und eines Ladegerätes ohne Verpolungsschutz über die mitgelieferte Hardware wird die richtige Polung über einen aktiven Polumschalter eingestellt. Dem Bedienungspersonal wird die Richtigkeit seiner Maßnahme durch das Aufleuchten der Meldelampe „AKKU BEREIT" und „EXTERNE SPANNUNGSQUELLE BEREIT" angezeigt. Werden Ladegeräte mit einem eingebauten Verpolungsschutz angeschlossen, kann die richtige Polung erst nach dem Programmstart mit Hilfe eines Moduls und der Ausführung eines Unterprogramms ermittelt werden. Die Meldeleuchte „EXTERNE SPANNUNGSQUELLE BEREIT" kann erst nach erfolgreicher Durchführung dieser Maßnahme die richtige Funktion des externen Ladegerätes signalisieren. Nun kann die Anwendung durch Betätigung der Taste „START" gestartet werden. Nachdem die Menuauswahl abgeschlossen ist, wird die eigentliche Programmausführung wie folgt gestartet und ausgeführt.

For the functional description of the standard user programs, the following should be noted:

• a) Charging the battery with built-in charger: After connecting a battery via the supplied hardware, the correct polarity is set via the active polarity switch. The correctness of the action is signaled to the operating personnel by the flashing of the "BATTERY READY" indicator light, and the application can now be started by pressing the "START" key. After the menu selection is completed, the actual program execution is started and executed as follows. The output current and the voltage are set to "ZERO" via the two intended setpoint inputs of the internal power supply unit.The output ports for the relays are successively set to signal status "ONE" and are energized. The series normally open contacts of the above relays are de-energized closed and the connection between the power supply and the external battery is established. Subsequently, the charging current and the charging voltage are set via the setpoint inputs of the power supply unit according to the selected charging program and the measured battery voltage. The sequence, first current and then voltage or vice versa, is determined by the selected charge program. The battery is now charged by tracking the actual values by means of the setpoint inputs of the power supply with the specified charging characteristic. After reaching the limit value "BATTERY FULL", the system switches to trickle charge, ie the current and voltage setpoints are set according to this mode.The completion of the charging process and the start of the trickle charge are indicated to the operator by a message text on the LCD display. During or after loading, the operator must press the "CANCEL" key. After actuation, the current and then the voltage are driven through their setpoint inputs to "ZERO" in this order, and then the output ports for the relays are set to signal status "ZERO" one after the other. The connection between the power supply and the battery is disconnected when the relay drops. The operator is signaled the completion of this process with a message text on the LCD display. For monitoring and logging the charging process, the actual values for current and voltage are used. Depending on the version, these can then be displayed or saved via a line recorder, printer or with a PC. The monitoring and evaluation of the measurement results is carried out as described.
• b) Charging the battery with an external charger After connecting a battery and a charger without reverse polarity protection via the supplied hardware, the correct polarity is set via an active pole changeover switch. The correctness of his action is indicated to the operating personnel by the flashing of the signal lamp "BATTERY READY" and "EXTERNAL VOLTAGE SOURCE READY". If chargers with a built-in polarity reversal protection are connected, the correct polarity can only be determined after the program has been started by means of a module and the execution of a subroutine. The "EXTERNAL VOLTAGE SOURCE READY" indicator lamp can only signal the correct function of the external charger once this measure has been successfully completed.The application can now be started by pressing the "START" key. After the menu selection is completed, the actual program execution is started and executed as follows.

Charger without reverse polarity protection:

The Outlet ports for the relays are sequentially set to signal state "ONE" via their series connected turnkey is now the connection between the external charger and the external one Battery made. The to be monitored Charging is started and executed.

Charger with reverse polarity protection:

One Subroutine is executed. After its successful adjustment of the polarity is the setpoint the at the output of the external charger pending voltage, which over the turnkey the relay from the power supply approaching, gradually increased by about 4 V from about 4 V until it has reached the value of about 75% of the standard voltage of the specimen. During this increase becomes a constant Comparison between the setpoint and the actual value carried out. Should now by exceeding the current limit of 50 mA set in the subroutine Difference between the actual and setpoint voltage result, it is this is interpreted as a short circuit in the external charger and the program execution becomes canceled. If no short circuit is detected in the external charger, The output ports of the relays are set to signal state "ONE" and pull at. The subprogram ends with the setting of the relays and the output port for the relay to the power supply is delayed reset. Now the external charger is with connected to the external battery. The charging process to be monitored is then counted as started, if over the measuring point a current was measured in the direction of the battery. Should this happen after a short period of time If this is not the case, the program execution is aborted. After program termination is this will only restart automatically if not both Pole directions checked were. Does not have either option led to success, so this will be the operator through a text message on the LCD screen communicated.

To terminate the program, during or after loading, the operator must press the "CANCEL" key.
If the charging current is greater than 0.5 A, the contactor power supply is set to zero voltage and current set by energizing a relay. Then the voltage and current on the power supply are adjusted so that no power can flow from the external charger to the external battery. Now the relay is brought down via its output port. If this has dropped, the output voltage and the output current are driven to zero via the setpoint inputs of the power supply unit. If the current flow at the measuring point is zero, the output ports of the relays are reset and they drop out. The program is finished.

If the charging current is less than 0.5 A, the output ports of the Relays reset and these fall off. The program is finished.

the Operator will terminate this process with a message text signaled on the LCD display.

For monitoring and logging the charging process will be the actual values of electricity and tension used. These can then depending on the version of a Line recorder, printer or with a PC or stored.

• a) externes Ladegerät mit den internen Lastwiderständen prüfen Der Widerstand der Lastwiderstände, die in Stufen über die Relais eingestellt werden können, muss so gewählt werden, dass bei maximalen Ausgangsstrom des externen Ladegerätes der Spannungsabfall ca. 80% der Normspannung nicht überschreitet. Dies bedeutet, der Ersatzakku ist leer. Die Zunahme der Akkuladung wird ihm durch den kontinuierlich steigenden Spannungsfall an den Lastwiderständen in Folge der Stromerhöhung des parallel geschalteten Netzgerätes vorgespielt.

The monitoring and evaluation of the measurement results is carried out as follows:

• a) Check the external charger with the internal load resistors The resistance of the load resistors, which can be adjusted in stages via the relays, must be selected so that at maximum output current of the external charger the voltage drop does not exceed approx. 80% of the standard voltage. This means that the spare battery is empty. The increase in the battery charge is played to him by the continuously increasing voltage drop across the load resistors as a result of the current increase of the parallel-connected power supply unit.

in the Operation is after connection of a charger without reverse polarity protection over the supplied hardware the correct polarity over the active pole switch set. The operating staff will be correct measure is indicated by the warning light "EXTERNAL VOLTAGE SOURCE READY".

Become Charger connected with a built-in reverse polarity protection, can be the correct polarity only after the program start with the help of a module and the execution of a Subroutine can be determined. The indicator light "EXTERNAL SPANN-UNGSQUELLE READY "can only after successful completion this measure signal the correct function of the external charger.

Now can the application by pressing the Start the "START" key. After the menu selection is completed, the actual program execution will be like follows started and executed.

For a charger without reverse polarity protection: The output ports for the relays become The signal between the power supply and the load resistors is now connected via their NO contacts connected in series, and the output voltage and current of the power supply are now set using the setpoint inputs. The setpoint value of the current to be selected depends on the load resistance and the maximum current of the external charger If this value is not known, then the maximum possible output current of the power supply unit is set, now that the voltage is 80% of the standard value When the external battery charger is connected to the spare battery in parallel to the power supply unit, the output voltage of the power supply unit is continuously changed by means of a specified charging characteristic or fixed voltage values the state of charge of the Ers atzakkus can be simulated from empty to full. This makes it possible, the individual operating points of the external charger such as charge start, end of charge, max. Charging current and max. Determine charging voltage. Is z. B. in a lead battery charger reaches the end-of-charge voltage, ie from the external lead battery charger for spare battery flows no electricity, the continuous increase in voltage of the power supply is stopped immediately. After a short pause, the output voltage of the power supply unit is continuously reduced until the power from the external lead acid battery charger starts to flow again. With this test, the beginning of the trickle charge or the re-insertion point of the lead acid battery charger can be checked. This completes the test in this example and shows the operator the suitability of the external charger on the LCD. Of course, all other known and / or newly added charging characteristics can also be tested with this test device. The test duration is a maximum of 20 minutes and the program execution is automatically terminated during the test by "ABORT" and after the test as follows: First, the output current and voltage of the power supply is increased so that no current flows from the external charger to the load resistors Now the output port of the relay is reset and the relay de-energises, disconnecting the external charger from the load resistors via the normally open contacts of the relay, and then setting the output voltage and current of the power supply to zero The main contacts which are to be opened are also de-energized.The display on the LCD display on the suitability of the charger will only be cleared after pressing the key "CANCEL", so that this information is not lost.

at a charger with reverse polarity protection: The subroutine is executed. To its successful adjustment of the polarity will be the setpoint, the at the output of the external charger upcoming voltage over the NO contacts the relay from the power supply approaching, gradually increased by about 4 V from about 4 V until it has reached the value of about 75% of the standard voltage of the specimen. During this increase becomes a constant Comparison between the setpoint and the actual value carried out. Should now by exceeding the current limit of 50 mA set in the subroutine Difference between the actual and setpoint voltage result, it is this is interpreted as a short circuit in the external charger and the program execution becomes canceled. If no short circuit is detected in the external charger the output voltage of the power supply unit will rise above the setpoint input 6 V is set and the output ports of the relays are set to signal status "ONE." The subprogram is terminated by setting the one relay, the output port for the relay to the power supply is delayed reset and falls off.

In order to when connecting the load resistors the voltage fell below the output current of the power supply unit must be increased. The value of the current level depends on Load resistance and the maximum current of the external charger. is this is not known, the maximum possible output current of the power supply is set. Now the output ports for the relays of the load resistors successively set to signal status "ONE" and pull at. about their in-line normally open is now the connection between the power supply and the load resistances produced. The output voltage of the power supply is now using his Setpoint input set. The tension should be about 80% of the Standard value of his test object lie. Now after a voltage of 80% of their standard value on the replacement battery pending and the external charger in parallel over the closers of the attracted relay to the power supply is connected to this, can now on the basis of a predetermined charging characteristic or with fixed voltage values, the output voltage of the power supply unit continuously changed become. The activation of the external charger to be tested is via a Measuring point detected when measured at this a current in the direction of load resistance has been. This should be no later than then be the case if the measured voltage actual value is the standard value equivalent. Otherwise the further program execution will be aborted immediately. Became the external charger activated, the further program sequence is identical to the above described test.

After the program has been aborted, they will only be restarted automatically if both poles have not yet been checked. Does not have one led to both possibilities for success, this is communicated to the operator by a text message on the LCD display.

For monitoring and Logging the load will be the actual values for power and tension used. These can then depending on the version of a Line recorder, printer or with a PC or stored.

For the discharge A connected battery is operated as follows: The resistance of the Load resistors in stages above the relay is set, must be chosen so that at the cell voltage, which is present at an empty battery, the necessary discharge current can flow. This is due to the battery capacity determined based on unloading time. z. B. a lead-acid battery with a capacity 40 Ah, where this value has a discharge time of 20 Std. Is divided with a current of 40A divided by 20 hrs. results in 2 A discharged.

To Connecting the battery via The supplied hardware will be in the correct polarity over the active pole switch set. The operating staff will be the Correctness of his measure indicated by the warning light "BATTERY READY" lit. the application by operation to start the "START" key. After the menu selection is completed, the actual program execution started and executed as follows. The output ports for the relays are successively set to signal state "ONE" and are energized switched normally open contacts The above relays are normally closed and the connection between the power supply and the load resistances is made. The output voltage and the output current of the power supply unit is now set by means of the setpoint input. The tension is to the same value as the battery voltage and the current is on the maximum value of the power supply set. This will ensure that over the normally open contacts when connecting the battery no or only a very small current flows. After this now a voltage that is equal to the battery voltage is pending, is the output port of the relay is set and this picks up. About his turnkey Now the external battery is connected to the load resistors parallel to the power supply unit. Now it will be over the output current of the power supply the discharge current, the over the measuring point for the current is recorded, regulated. The battery will now be continuous deflated until it reaches its minimum voltage. After falling short this voltage or after actuation the "ABRUCH" key during the Discharge, the output current of the power supply is increased so that from and to the battery on the Measuring point for the current does not flow. Subsequently the output port of the relay is reset; this falls off and whose normally open contacts open normally. Next the output voltage and current of the power supply unit will be on Zero set. Well, you can all controlled relays via reset their output ports become and fall off. The normally open normally open contacts are also de-energized. The value on the LCD display now shows the removed capacity crowd and will be activated after activation the key "CANCEL" deleted, so that this information is not lost. For monitoring and logging the discharge process, the actual values for current and voltage are used. these can then, depending on the version, over one Line recorder, printer or with a PC or stored.

at The examination External batteries are operated as follows: The resistance of the load resistors, the in stages over the relay is set, must be chosen so that at the cell voltage which is due to an empty battery, three to ten times the normal Discharge current flow can. This is determined by the battery capacity, based on discharge time, determined and multiplied by this. z. B. with a lead acid battery a capacity 40 Ah, where this value has a discharge time of 20 Std., Is divided by a current of 40 A divided by 20 hrs and multiplied by 3, d. h with 6 A discharged. The multiplier is dependent from the insert and thus from the battery type. While the battery of a wheelchair, with small to medium removal, its current continuously over one longer Period, the battery used in the motor vehicle at very large shock close to its short-circuit current, this only for a short time (in seconds) deliver. Ie. the internal resistance of the battery and thus its voltage drop is for the proper function with increasing load more and more important. In order to test this To take account of circumstance, the discharge current to be tested accordingly customized.

After connecting the battery via the supplied hardware, the correct polarity is set via the active pole changeover switch during operation. The correctness of the action is signaled to the operating personnel by the flashing of the "BATTERY READY" indicator light, and the application can now be started by pressing the "START" key. After the menu selection is completed, the actual program execution is started and executed as follows. The output ports for the relays are sequentially set to "ON" signal status and are energized The normally open normally closed contacts of the above relays are de-energized and the connection between the power supply and the load resistors is established of the setpoint input set. The voltage is set to the same value as the battery voltage and the current is set to the maximum value of the power supply. This ensures that no or only a very small current flows through the make contacts when the battery is switched on. Now that a voltage equal to the battery voltage is present, the output port of the relay is set and this attracts. The external battery is now connected to the load resistors parallel to the power supply via its normally open contact. Now, the discharge current, which is detected via the current measuring point, is readjusted abruptly via the output current of the power supply unit. The battery is now drained continuously over a period of 10 minutes. The difference of the voltage at the beginning and at the end gives information about the state of charge. The absolute value of the battery voltage measured at the end provides information about its quality. This will be signaled to the operator at the end of this test with the text messages such as "BATTERY GOOD" or "BATTERY DEFECTIVE" or "BATTERY RECHARGE." After completing this test or pressing the "CANCEL" key during this program execution, the output current of the power supply unit is increased so that no current flows from and to the battery via the measuring point. Subsequently, the output port of the relay is reset, this falls off and its normally open contacts open. Next, the output voltage and the output current of the power supply are set to zero. Now all controlled relays can be reset via their output ports and drop out. The normally open normally open contacts are also de-energized. The message on the LCD display is cleared only after pressing the "CANCEL" key, so that this information is not lost.To monitor and log the discharge process, the actual values for current and voltage are used, which can then, depending on the version, via a line recorder , Printer or with a PC, displayed or stored.

It can also other external voltage sources are checked with the internal load resistors, like power adapters, Low voltage power supplies and similar. The selection of the switchable load stages in stages takes place as above for the external charger described. Adjusting the correct polarity and execution of the exam takes place as above for the external charger described. The respective checkpoints, which are necessary for determining the functionality of the test object, be over the program control delivered and adapted.

Optional device inputs and outputs are also possible, for which:
An output can be used to connect a voltage or current source that can be set via setpoint inputs in the range from 0 to 35 V or 0 to 10 A. With this output can z. B. standardized voltage or current setpoint specifications are generated, which control the speed of an AC motor via the input of a frequency converter, which drives a DC generator on a test bench via a V-belt. The speed-dependent current and voltage characteristic of the DC generator can then be tested or recorded with this test bench. Another possibility is the testing of charge controllers for photovoltaic systems, alternators and the like. The provision of a pure binary output signal for switching on and off, by means of this z. B. a power contactor is controlled, which causes the start of an AC motor, is conceivable.

About one Output can external consumers are connected. This is very convenient in order to connect a connected external battery a practice Discharge diagram to create and thus both the stability as well as its capacity in proportion to the check by the user specified device operation.

About one Input there is the possibility of external measured physical quantities, such as Speed, temperature, voltage, current and the like. These can only logged and / or processed in the program control become. To z. B. the charging curve of a three-phase alternator on the test bench can determine over This input is made an actual / setpoint comparison of the speed be and with the help of one over an output connected and equipped with a positioner drive motor these are adjusted and regulated.

Further inputs or outputs (for external Power sources and an external battery) are for switching through possibly existing temperature-dependent resistors provided.

For the functional description of the other optional applications, the following should be noted:
Learning the necessary operating points for testing chargers: The selection of the load resistors that can be switched in stages is carried out as described for the external charger. The setting of the correct polarity and carrying out the test is carried out as described for the external charger. The respective test points to be determined are automatically searched for and stored in an event memory. At the end of this procedure, the operator must perform a device designation upon request. This can be done by entering numbers and letters via a keypad or by selecting them on the display with the aid of cursor keys. The test results in the event memory are saved with the stored device identification in the non-volatile memory area and are then used in the following device checks.

admission of operations: The recording is carried out as described for the optional device inputs and outputs. Its implementation is then stored in the event memory. At the end of the recording must the operator, when prompted, will mark them. The can be entered by entering numbers and letters via a keypad or through Selection over the display is done with the help of cursor keys. The ones in the event memory Operating results are marked with the marking in the non-volatile memory area deposited and can used to simulate or compare operating procedures become.

Simulate recorded or specified operations:
Operating sequences are adjusted by means of the built-in load resistors instead of an operating device. The setting of the load currents affecting the battery is carried out via the built-in power supply as in the case of "battery discharge." The process is executed according to the operating characteristic curve in the non-volatile memory area If the simulation result agrees with the recorded operating characteristic, this is communicated to the operator with a positive text message.

Compare with recorded or specified operations:
Operating procedures are adjusted by means of their operating equipment. The sequence is carried out according to the operating characteristic curve in the non-volatile memory area. Deviations of the setpoint and actual values are communicated to the operator by messages on the LCD display. If the comparison result agrees with the recorded operating characteristic, this is communicated to the operator with a positive text message.

Overall, it can be said that preferably the basic device is equipped with the following components:
Power supply unit with setpoint input for voltage and current;
Input characteristics: Single-phase, voltage and frequency according to those of the network operator, eg. B. (Germany) 240V / 50 Hz;
Output characteristics: 0 to 24 (48) V, 0 to 10 (40 max.) A, DC;
Voltage measurement measuring point DC and current measuring point DC;
Load resistance or levels;
DC inputs for external voltage source DC, external battery DC;
Three remotely controllable switching elements (electromechanical or electronic) for the following inputs and outputs: external voltage source, external battery, load resistors;
Programmable logic controller;
Visualization: Indicator or LED, LCD or similar font and number or symbol display.

1

loading and tester

2

electrical battery

3

connection to connect to the supply source

4

electrical source

5

connection to connect the electric battery

6

connection to connect an electric charger

7

electrical charger

8th

medium for charging the electric battery

9

medium for discharging the electric battery

10

Discharge resistor

11

medium for measuring and / or logging

12

medium for measuring and / or logging

13

compact casing

14

automatic pole changing

15

medium for current measurement

16

medium for voltage measurement

17

medium for current measurement

18

medium for voltage measurement

19

medium for current measurement

20

medium for voltage measurement

21

input means Type / type of battery

22

input means Type / type of charger

I

electricity

U

tension

Claims (14)

Charging and testing device ( 1 ) for an electric battery ( 2 ), comprising: - a connector ( 3 ) for connecting the charging and testing device ( 1 ) to an electrical supply source ( 4 ), - a connection ( 5 ) for connecting the electric battery ( 2 ), - a connection ( 6 ) for connecting an electric charger ( 7 ) for charging the electric battery ( 2 ), - Medium ( 8th ) for controlled charging via the connection ( 5 ) connected electrical battery ( 2 ), - Medium ( 9 ) for the controlled discharging via the connection ( 5 ) connected electrical battery ( 2 ) via one in the charging and testing device ( 1 ) containing resistance ( 10 ), - Medium ( 11 ) for measuring and / or logging the when charging and / or discharging the electric battery ( 2 ) present electrical parameters and means ( 12 ) for measuring and / or logging the electrical parameters of the connection ( 6 ) connected charger ( 7 ). Charging and testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that its elements are housed in a compact housing ( 13 ) are arranged. Charging and testing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the connection ( 5 ) for connecting the electric battery ( 2 ) with an automatic pole change ( 14 ) connected is. Charging and testing device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by means ( 15 . 16 . 17 . 18 . 19 . 20 ) for measuring the electrical current (I) and the electrical voltage (U) on the battery ( 2 ) and / or on the charger ( 7 ) for charging the electric battery ( 2 ) and / or resistance ( 10 ). Charging and testing device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the means ( 11 ) for measuring and / or logging the charging and / or discharging of the electric battery ( 2 ) present electrical parameters for the graphic display or output of the measured values are formed. Charging and testing device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the means ( 12 ) for measuring and / or logging the electrical parameters of the connection ( 6 ) connected charger ( 7 ) are designed for graphic display or output of the measured values. Charging and testing device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by input means ( 21 ) for entering the type and / or the type of connection ( 5 ) connected battery ( 2 ). Charging and testing device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by input means ( 22 ) for entering the type and / or the type of connection ( 6 ) connected charger ( 7 ). Charging and testing device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is suitable for connecting batteries ( 2 ) is designed from 1.2 to 24V. Charging and testing device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is suitable for connecting chargers ( 7 ) with charging voltages of 1.2 to 24 V. Charging and testing device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is suitable for connecting chargers ( 7 ) with charging currents up to 10 A. Charging and testing device according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it is capable of charging via the connection ( 5 ) connected battery ( 2 ) with charging currents up to 10 A. Charging and testing device according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that it is capable of charging via the connection ( 5 ) connected battery ( 2 ) with charging voltages up to 32V. Charging and testing device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it is used for discharging one via the connection ( 5 ) connected battery ( 2 ) about the resistance ( 10 ) is designed with a discharge current up to 10 A.