DE20122703U1 - Particle trap in layered honeycomb construction includes channels promoting swirl-, stilling- and dead zones in fluid, especially exhaust gases - Google Patents

Abstract

The partially-open trap includes channels (2) structured to promote swirl, stilling and/or dead zones in the fluid, especially exhaust gases, passing through. An independent claim is included for the method of use, in the exhaust gas system of a vehicle. Preferred Features: The trap is constructed from metal layers (4, 6). It has greater thermal capacity in one region of its walls, which reinforces thermophoretic effects on particles in the flow, when the gas temperature rises. A trap comprises a first layer (6) and at least a further sheet in the form of a corrugated (4) or smooth layer. Flow may pass radially through the trap. Channels are conical. Numerous small elements, particle traps and/or catalysts, are included, as are elements with differing thermal capacity. The trap comprises only a single layer.

Description

The The invention relates to a particulate trap for particulate contaminated Fluid, especially for the exhaust gas of a diesel engine, the particulate trap being due to oxidation the particle is regenerable and placed in a tube, e.g. in the Exhaust line of a motor vehicle, can be installed.

One Fluid, e.g. the exhaust of a motor vehicle, contains beside gaseous Ingredients include particles. These are expelled with the exhaust gas or may be stored in the exhaust system and / or in a catalytic converter of a motor vehicle, at. With load changes They are then in the form of a particle cloud, such. a soot cloud, expelled.

Become conventional Sieves (also sometimes referred to as filters) used, the Collect particles. However, the use of sieves brings two significant Disadvantages, on the one hand they clog and on the other hand they cause an undesirably high Pressure drop. In addition, must legal values for Motor vehicle emissions are exceeded, which exceeded without particle reduction would. There is therefore a need to provide trapping elements for exhaust particles, which overcome the disadvantages of sieves, filters or other systems.

task the invention is to provide a particle trap for a fluid flow, which is regenerable and open.

object The invention has a particle trap with flow channels and structures to in a fluid flow, which flows through the particle trap, To create turbulence, sedation and / or dead zones, wherein the particle trap is at least partially open. Besides, here is a particle trap with flow channels and Structures are described to be fluidized in a fluid flow passing through the particulate trap; To create sedative and / or dead zones, the particulate trap at least partially open and at least part of the flow channels at least a subarea with an elevated Heat capacity, z. B. through higher Wall thickness, larger number of cells or the like, so that during dynamic load changes with rapidly increasing fluid temperature for entrained particles in the fluid the effect of thermophoresis in these areas increases. Furthermore are different uses of the particle trap in different Combinations with other modules specified.

at Try with mixed elements of metal foils, as for example are described in WO91 / 01807 or WO91 / 01178 and the better Distribution of additives injected in exhaust systems tested it is surprising succeeded on the bare that is uncoated metal the Foil particles, such as the soot a diesel engine, deposit and oxidize.

The Particles are believed to be turbulent due to the inner walls of the channels hurled and stick there. The turbulences are through structures the channel inner sides generated, these structures not only turbulences, but also create calming or dead zones in the flow shadow. In the sedative and / or dead zones, the particles are probably quasi alluvial (comparable to a gravity separation) and then stick firmly. In the adhesion of particles plays a possible interaction metal soot and / or also the temperature gradient fluid / channel wall a role. It will also a strong agglomeration of the particles in the gas stream or at the walls observed.

When Calming zone becomes a zone in the channel with low flow velocity and referred to as a dead zone zone without fluid movement.

In contrast to closed systems, the particle trap is referred to as "open" because there are no flow back alleys.This property can also be used to characterize the particulate trap, eg an openness of 20% means that in a cross-sectional view about 20% With a carrier of 600 cpsi (cells per square inch) with a hydraulic diameter of the channels of about 0.8 mm this would correspond to an area of about 0.01 mm ² .

The Particle trap does not clog like a conventional filtration system where Can clog pores, because before the flow would entrain the part of the agglomerated particles, which due to its increased Demolish drag leaves.

to Production of a particle trap are at least partially structured Layered by known methods layered or wound and joining technology connected, in particular soldered. The cell density of the particle trap depends on the corrugation of the layers from. The curl of the layers is not necessarily across an entire layer uniform, but it can different currents and / or pressure conditions within the flowed through Particle trap prepared by suitable production of the layer structure become.

The Particulate trap can be monolithic or multiple slices, this means from one element or several individual elements connected in series be constructed.

to Covering different (dynamic) load cases of the drive system Motor vehicle is a system with conical channels or a cone-shaped element prefers. Such systems, e.g. described in WO93 / 20339, have widening or narrowing channels, so at any mass flow rate anywhere in the channels, if they have corresponding deflection or turbulence structures be provided, especially cheap conditions for the Collecting particles arise.

Cone-shaped doing both the versions, in the flow direction show a diameter extension as well as the versions, which have a diameter reduction. Also cylindrical honeycomb body with channels, some of which have narrowed and part have widened suitable properties.

To an embodiment the invention of several wound into a honeycomb body layers has a smooth layer lying between two corrugated holes, so that a fluid exchange between the resulting from the winding channels is possible. This is one Radial flow through the Particle trap, which is not bound to a 90 ° deflection, possible. at the embodiment the smooth position with holes these preferably come to lie at the outlet of flow guide vanes So that the flow directly into the holes is directed. Instead of the smooth position with holes can also another penetrable material, such as e.g. a fiber material used become.

The Material of the layers is preferably metal (sheet), but it can also a substance of inorganic (ceramic, fiber material), organic or organometallic nature and / or a sintered material, as long as there is a surface has the adhesion of the particles succeeds without coating.

The Particle trap is subject in use large temperature fluctuations in a partially oxidative atmosphere (Air), and it will emerge on the surface of the layers when these off Metal are, different oxides, maybe even in shape acicular crystals, so-called whiskers, which cause a certain surface roughness. The Particles of the flow, which are basically similar to molecules Behavior, through different mechanisms, in particular Impaction or interception in turbulent flow or thermophoresis in laminar flow on this rough surface alluvial and held there, the adhesion being essentially determined by Van der Waals forces is caused.

Even though the deposition of the particles on the uncoated metal foil It is not excluded that there are also coated areas the particle trap is because the particulate trap, for example, too in one part as a catalyst support is trained.

The film thickness the layers are preferably in the range between 0.02 and 0.2 mm, particularly preferred between 0.05 and 0.08 mm, in areas with increased heat capacity preferably between 0.65 and 0.11 mm.

at the particle trap with several wound layers are these out same or dissimilar material or have the same or uneven film thickness.

The Particles in the exhaust gas of a diesel engine, which consist essentially of soot, can be charged by passing through an electric field and / or polarize so that they from their preferred flow direction (e.g., axial direction of the particle trap parallel to the flow channels) become. Thus, the probability of particle impact is increased on the walls of the Flow channels of the particle trap elevated, as they flow through The particle trap now also has a velocity component in one other direction, in particular perpendicular to the preferred direction of flow, exhibit. This leaves For example, with one of the particulate trap upstream Plasma reactor realize a polarization of the particles guaranteed. It is also particularly advantageous that the particle trap at least one Pol the polarization path forms, especially if the particle trap at least partially having a positive charge, and electrically Negatively polarized particles are thus actively attracted. so be the mechanisms through which particles from the flow inside to be flushed to the wall (e.g., interception and impaction), accelerated and amplified.

In the case, that the Particle trap is charged, it is advantageous that on the Layers and / or arranged in the structure of the layers forming film tips are that reinforce the charging effect. The particles of the fluid can be passed through a polarization path for charging, for example, The particles are then polarized. The particle trap can but also be grounded and remain charge-neutral, in particular if suitable insulation with respect to the tips and / or the polarization distance are provided.

The Polarization and / or charging takes place according to one embodiment also over a photoionization.

In one embodiment, the particles are charged via a corona discharge and / or polarized.

To an embodiment the particle trap makes use of the knowledge that a temperature difference between the channel wall and the flow for increased migration of the particles the channel wall serves (thermophoresis). Accordingly, a thick and thus equipped with high heat capacity Channel wall (about by a corresponding film thickness of the Position at the location causes) with opposing structures (conductive structures), the particles to this wall (such as by creating turbulence in the flow) to turn, combined. The thick duct wall has a high heat capacity and therefore keeps with dynamic load changes and rising exhaust gas temperature Temperature difference between the flow and the channel wall longer upright as a thin one Canal wall and receives thus favoring the deposition Effect longer as a thin one Channel wall. The lead structures are structures for generating Turbulence, sedation and dead zones and cause a forced Mixing of the flow, so that particle-rich Zones inside the flow outward be brought and vice versa. Thus, more particles is the contact the walls possible through interception and impaction, which then also stick stay.

To an embodiment it uses the effect of thermophoresis by connecting in series several particle traps each with different thickness channel walls.

The Cell densities of the particulate trap are preferably in the range between 25 to 1000 cpsi, preferably between 200 and 400 cpsi.

A typical particle trap of 200 cpsi has a volume, based on a diesel engine, of about 0.2 to 11 per 100 kW, preferably 0.4-0.851 / 100 kW. For the geometric surface results, for example, 1.78m ² / 100kW. Compared with the volumes of conventional filters and screening systems, this is a very small volume or a very small geometric surface compared to a conventional design with about 4 m ² surface per 100 kW.

The particulate trap is regenerable, wherein in the case of soot deposition in the diesel engine exhaust system regeneration by the oxidation of the carbon black either by nitrogen dioxide (NO ₂ ) at a temperature above about 200 ° C or with air or oxygen (O ₂ ) thermally at eg Temperatures above 500 ° C or by injection of an additive (eg Cer) takes place.

The soot oxidation by means of NO ₂ , for example via the mechanism of the "continuous regeneration trap" (CRT) C + 2NO ₂ -> CO ₂ + 2NO requires that before the particulate trap in the exhaust line an oxidation catalyst is set, which oxidizes NO to NO ₂ in sufficient quantity. However, the ratio of the reactants also depends significantly on the mixing of the fluids, so that depending on the configuration of the channels of the particle trap and different proportions should be used.

Especially Advantageous, the embodiment in which a means for thermal regeneration of the Particle trap is provided, so that e.g. the element at least partly electrically heated, or the element is an electrically heatable Auxiliary, such as a heating catalyst, upstream.

at an embodiment is provided that an aid depending from the occupancy / fill level the particle trap is switched on or off for regeneration, what about in the simplest case the pressure loss that the particle trap creates in the exhaust line, is measured.

To a preferred embodiment has an oxidation catalyst upstream of the particulate trap lower specific heat capacity per unit volume and cell number as the particulate trap itself. So does the oxidation catalyst For example, preferably a volume of 0.5 liters, a cell number of 400 cpsi and a film thickness of 0.05 mm, while the Particle trap at the same volume and same number of cells one Film thickness of 0.08 mm and a downstream SCR catalyst again a film thickness of 0.05 mm.

Also the combination of the particulate trap with at least one catalyst and a turbocharger or the combination of a particle trap with a turbocharger is advantageous. It can be the turbocharger Downstream particle trap close to the engine or in underbody position be arranged.

The particulate trap is also used in combination with an upstream or downstream soot filter, wherein the soot filter downstream can be substantially smaller than the conventional soot filter, because it is merely intended to provide additional protection that particle emission is excluded. Preferably, a filter of size 0.5m ² per 100kW diesel engine is used up to a maximum of 1m ² , (with downstream filter surface, the cross-sectional area of the filter is adapted to that of the particulate trap, both in the case of a cross-sectional constriction as well as in the case of a cross-sectional widening) whereas without particle trap filter sizes of about 4m ² per 100kW are required.

Of the soot filter can also be in the form of directly before or after the storage / oxidation element installed filter material, wherein the filter material thereby directly, e.g. above a solder joint, with may be connected to the storage / oxidation element.

• A) Oxidationskatalysator – Turbolader – Partikelfalle, wobei die Partikelfalle motornah oder in Unterbodenposition angeordnet sein kann.
• B) Vorkatalysator – Partikelfalle – Turbolader
• C) Oxidationskatalysator – Turbolader – Oxidationskatalysator- Partikelfalle
• D) Heizkatalysator – Partikelfalle 1 – Partikelfalle 2 (wobei Partikelfalle 1 und 2 gleich oder ungleich sein kann)
• E) Partikelfalle 1 – Konusöffnung des Abgasstranges – Partikelfalle 2
• F) Additivzugabe – Partikelfalle – Hydrolysekatalysator – Reduktionskatalysator
• G) Vorkatalysator – Oxidationskatalysator – Additivzugabe- (eventuell Rußfilter) – Partikelfalle z.B. in Konusform, ggf. mit Hydrolysebeschichtung – (eventuell Rußfilter) – (eventuell Konus zur Erhöhung des Rohrquerschnitts) Reduktionskatalysator

The following examples represent arrangements which prove the multitude of possible combinations of the particle trap with catalysts, turbochargers, soot filter and additive addition along an exhaust system of a motor vehicle:

• A) oxidation catalyst - turbocharger - particle trap, wherein the particulate trap can be located close to the engine or in underfloor position.
• B) Pre-catalyst - particle trap - turbocharger
• C) Oxidation Catalyst - Turbocharger - Oxidation Catalyst Particle Trap
• D) heating catalyst - particle trap 1 - particle trap 2 (particle trap 1 and 2 may be the same or different)
• E) Particle trap 1 - cone opening of the exhaust line - particle trap 2
• F) additive addition - particle trap - hydrolysis catalyst - reduction catalyst
• G) Pre-catalyst - Oxidation catalyst - Additive additive (possibly soot filter) - Particle trap eg in cone shape, if necessary with hydrolysis coating - (possibly soot filter) - (possibly cone to increase the tube cross-section) Reduction catalyst

In one embodiment, the particulate trap is used in combination with at least one catalyst. Suitable catalysts, electrocatalysts and / or precatalysts are in particular: oxidation catalyst, heating catalyst with upstream or downstream heating disk, hydrolysis catalyst and / or reduction catalyst. Also, as the oxidation catalyst, those which oxidize NO _x (nitrous gases) to nitrogen dioxide (NO ₂ ) will be used besides those which oxidize hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. The catalysts are, for example, tubular or conical.

Preferably, a nitrogen dioxide (NO ₂ ) storage is used in front of the particulate trap, which provides NO ₂ in sufficient quantity for the oxidation of the carbon black in the particulate trap, if necessary. This memory can be eg an activated carbon storage eg with sufficient oxygen supply.

ever according to embodiment the particle trap can have different coatings in partial areas, each one functionality require. For example, the particulate trap in addition to the function as Trap for Particle a storage, mixing, oxidation, flow distribution function and also e.g. have a function as a hydrolysis catalyst.

By The use of a particulate trap can cause deposition rates of up to 90%.

It it was found that the Deposition of particles takes place especially at the inlet and outlet surfaces of the catalysts. Therefore, according to one embodiment the particle trap not in the form of an element, but in shape several successive narrow elements, as a multi-disc element used. It also can Particle traps containing corrugations without structures for generating turbulence and settling zones and with coating (e.g., conventional catalysts), be used. It will be preferred up to 10 elements used. This design referred to as "disc assembly" or "disc catalyst" can be used, for example, when in the range of 10 to 20% (using conventional Catalysts) particle deposition is desired.

The present invention proposes a particulate trap which can replace conventional filtering and screening systems and offers major advantages over these systems:
First, it can not clog and the pressure drop generated by the system does not increase as fast with the operating time as with screens, because the particles adhere outside the fluid stream, and second, it causes relatively low pressure drops because it is an open system.

• 1. Partikelfalle (11), insbesondere in Form eines lagenweise aufgebauten Wabenkörpers (1), die Strömungskanäle (2) bildet und Strukturen (3) hat, um in einer Fluidströmung, die durch die Partikelfalle strömt, Verwirbelungs-, Beruhigungs- und/oder Totzonen (5) zu erzeugen, wobei die Partikelfalle (11) zumindest teilweise offen ist.
• 2. Partikelfalle (11) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Partikelfalle (11) zumindest teilweise aus metallischen Lagen (4, 6) aufgebaut ist.
• 3. Partikelfalle (11) mit Strömungskanälen (2) und Strukturen (3), um in einer Fluidströmung, die durch die Partikelfalle (11) strömt, Verwirbelungs-, Beruhigungs- und/oder Totzonen (5) zu erzeugen, wobei die Partikelfalle (11) zumindest teilweise offen ist und zumindest ein Teil der Strömungskanäle (2) zumindest in einem Teilbereich seiner Kanalwände (13) eine hohen Wärmekapazität aufweist, so daß bei steigender Fluidtemperatur der Effekt der Thermophorese für in der Fluidströmung enthaltene Partikel in diesen Bereichen verstärkt auftritt.
• 4. Partikelfalle (11) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, die aus einer ersten Lage (6) und zumindest einer weiteren Folie, die eine Welllage (4) oder eine Glattlage (6) sein kann, hergestellt ist.
• 5. Partikelfalle (11) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, die radial durchströmbar ist.
• 6. Partikelfalle (11) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, die konusförmige Kanäle (2) aufweist.
• 7. Partikelfalle (11), nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, die mehrere, gegebenenfalls schmale, Elemente, die Partikelfallen (11) und/oder Katalysatoren (8) sind, umfaßt.
• 8. Partikelfalle (11) nach Anspruch 7, die zumindest zwei Elemente mit unterschiedlichen Wärmekapazitäten hat.
• 9. Partikelfalle (11) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, die aus nur einer Lage hergestellt ist.
• 10. Verwendung zumindest einer Partikelfalle (11) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 in einem Abgasstrang (12) eines Kraftfahrzeugs.
• 11. Verwendung zumindest einer Partikelfalle (11) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 in Kombination mit zumindest einer vor- oder nachgeschalteten Additivzugabe (7).
• 12. Verwendung zumindest einer Partikelfalle (11) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 in Kombination mit zumindest einem Katalysator (8).
• 13. Verwendung zumindest einer Partikelfalle (11) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 in Kombination mit zumindest einem vor- und/oder nachgeschalteten Oxidationskatalysator (8), wovon zumindest einer nitrose Gase (NOx) zu Stickstoffdioxid (NO2) oxidiert.
• 14. Verwendung zumindest einer Partikelfalle (11) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 in Kombination mit zumindest einem vor- und/oder nachgeschalteten Turbolader (9), wobei die Partikelfalle (11) motornah und/oder in Unterbodenposition angebracht ist.
• 15. Verwendung zumindest einer Partikelfalle (11) oder eines Teils einer Partikelfalle (11) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 in einem Dieselmotor-Abgasstrang kombiniert mit einem vor- oder nachgeschalteten Turbolader (9), dem wiederum mindestens ein Oxidationskatalysator (8) vorgeschaltet ist.
• 16. Verwendung zumindest einer Partikelfalle (11) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 zur Rußoxidation.
• 17. Verwendung nach Anspruch 16 unter Einsatz von Stickstoffdioxid als Oxidans.
• 18. Verwendung nach einem der Ansprüche 16 und/oder 17, wobei die Partikelfalle (11) in Kombination mit einem Hilfsmittel zur Rußoxidation (15) verwendet wird.
• 19. Verwendung nach einem der Ansprüche 16 bis 18, in Kombination mit einem vorgeschalteten Stickstoffdioxidspeicher (14).
• 20. Verwendung zumindest einer Partikelfalle (11) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 in Kombination mit einem vor- oder nachgeschalteten Rußfilter (10).
• 21. Verwendung zumindest eines Teils einer Partikelfalle (11) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 als Träger für eine katalytisch aktive Beschichtung.
• 22. Verwendung zumindest einer Partikelfalle (11) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 und/oder eines Katalysators in Scheibenanordnung.
• 23. Verwendung zumindest einer Partikelfalle (11) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 in Kombination mit zumindest einer Vorrichtung zur Aufladung/Polarisation entweder der aufzufangenden und zu oxidierenden Partikel und/oder der Partikelfalle (11).
• 24. Verwendung nach Anspruch 23, wobei der mindestens einen Partikelfalle (11) ein Plasmareaktor (17) zur Polarisierung der Partikel vorgeschaltet ist, und die Partikelfalle (11) vorzugsweise einen elektrischen Pol darstellt.

Originally filed claims:

• 1. Particle trap ( 11 ), in particular in the form of a layered honeycomb body ( 1 ), the flow channels ( 2 ) and structures ( 3 ) in a fluid flow passing through the particulate trap, turbulence, settling and / or dead zones (US Pat. 5 ), wherein the particle trap ( 11 ) is at least partially open.
• 2. Particle trap ( 11 ) according to claim 1, wherein the particulate trap ( 11 ) at least partially made of metallic layers ( 4 . 6 ) is constructed.
• 3. Particle trap ( 11 ) with flow channels ( 2 ) and structures ( 3 ) in a fluid flow passing through the particulate trap ( 11 ) flows, swirling, calming and / or dead zones ( 5 ), wherein the particle trap ( 11 ) is at least partially open and at least part of the flow channels ( 2 ) at least in a portion of its channel walls ( 13 ) has a high heat capacity, so that with increasing fluid temperature, the effect of the thermophoresis for particles contained in the fluid flow occurs increasingly in these areas.
• 4. Particle trap ( 11 ) according to one of the preceding claims, consisting of a first layer ( 6 ) and at least one further film which has a corrugated layer ( 4 ) or a smooth position ( 6 ) can be manufactured.
• 5. Particle trap ( 11 ) according to one of the preceding claims, which can be flowed through radially.
• 6. Particle trap ( 11 ) according to one of the preceding claims, the cone-shaped channels ( 2 ) having.
• 7. Particle trap ( 11 ), according to one of the preceding claims, which comprises a plurality of, possibly narrow, elements which trap particles ( 11 ) and / or catalysts ( 8th ) are included.
• 8. Particle trap ( 11 ) according to claim 7, which has at least two elements with different heat capacities.
• 9. Particle trap ( 11 ) according to one of the preceding claims, which is manufactured from only one layer.
• 10. Use of at least one particle trap ( 11 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9 in an exhaust line ( 12 ) of a motor vehicle.
• 11. Use of at least one particle trap ( 11 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9 in combination with at least one upstream or downstream additive addition ( 7 ).
• 12. Use of at least one particle trap ( 11 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9 in combination with at least one catalyst ( 8th ).
• 13. Use of at least one particle trap ( 11 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9 in combination with at least one upstream and / or downstream oxidation catalyst ( 8th ), of which at least one nitrous (NOx) gas oxidizes to nitrogen dioxide (NO2).
• 14. Use of at least one particle trap ( 11 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9 in combination with at least one upstream and / or downstream turbocharger ( 9 ), wherein the particle trap ( 11 ) is mounted close to the engine and / or in the underbody position.
• 15. Use of at least one particle trap ( 11 ) or a part of a particle trap ( 11 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9 in a diesel engine exhaust system combined with a preceding or downstream turbocharger ( 9 ), in turn at least one oxidation catalyst ( 8th ) is connected upstream.
• 16. Use of at least one particle trap ( 11 ) according to any one of claims 1 to 9 for soot oxidation.
• 17. Use according to claim 16 using nitrogen dioxide as oxidant.
• 18. Use according to one of claims 16 and / or 17, wherein the particulate trap ( 11 ) in combination with an aid for soot oxidation ( 15 ) is used.
• 19. Use according to any one of claims 16 to 18, in combination with an upstream nitrogen dioxide storage ( 14 ).
• 20. Use of at least one particle trap ( 11 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9 in combination with a preceding or downstream soot filter ( 10 ).
• 21. Use of at least part of a particle trap ( 11 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9 as a carrier for a catalytically active coating.
• 22. Use of at least one particle trap ( 11 ) according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and / or a catalyst in disc arrangement.
• 23. Use of at least one particle trap ( 11 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9 in combination with at least one device for charging / polarization of either the particles to be collected and oxidized and / or the particulate trap ( 11 ).
• 24. Use according to claim 23, wherein the at least one particulate trap ( 11 ) a plasma reactor ( 17 ) is arranged upstream of the polarization of the particles, and the particle trap ( 11 ) is preferably an electrical pole.

Further specific embodiments and advantages of the invention will become apparent explained in the following drawing. The embodiments shown in the drawings are as specific, exemplary and particularly preferred embodiments of the invention to understand the invention in its meaning and spirit should not restrict.

It show schematically:

1 a particle trap according to the invention in the form of a layered honeycomb body in perspective view,

2 a single layer with structures for creating turbulence, settling and / or dead zones,

3 a further embodiment of the particle trap according to the invention with a planar reactor,

4 a further embodiment of the structures for generating turbulence, sedation and / or dead zones,

5 a particle trap, which can be flowed through radially,

6 a layer with structures for generating turbulence, sedation and / or dead zones 4 , and

7 a particle trap in a disc arrangement with further exhaust gas cleaning agents.

1 shows a particle trap according to the invention 11 , which are made of metallic layers 4 . 6 is constructed, the flow through channels for a fluid 2 having. The layers 4 . 6 are either as a Welllage 4 or as a smooth position 6 educated. The film thickness of the layers 4 . 6 is preferably in the range between 0.02 and 0.2 mm, in particular less than 0.05 mm.

2 schematically shows a detailed view of the corrugated layer 4 which structures 3 for generating turbulence, sedation and / or dead zones 5 having. The fluid flows along the arrow 16 indicated preferred flow direction.

3 shows a further embodiment of the particulate trap according to the invention 11 with an upstream plasma reactor 17 , The fluid or the particles contained therein will / will be with the plasma reactor 17 at least polarized, possibly even ionized, if the fluid in the preferred flow direction (arrow 16 ) through the plasma reactor 17 flows. The plasma reactor 17 is with the negative pole of a voltage source 20 connected. The positive pole of the voltage source 20 is with tips 18 the particle trap 11 connected as close as possible to the axis 19 are arranged so that a deflection of the particles due to Van der Waalsscher forces to the central region of the particle trap 11 he follows. The formed electrostatic field can be operated with a voltage of 3 to 9 kV. The tips 18 can be electrically conductive with the metallic layers of the particle trap 11 be connected.

4 shows an alternative embodiment of the world situations 4 ,

5 shows a particle trap that is radial (radius 21 ) can be flowed through (arrow 16 ). The flow channels 2 extend from a central channel 22 in the area of the honeycomb body 1 is made porous, radially outwardly toward a honeycomb body 1 surrounding, porous coat 23 , The honeycomb body 1 is made of segmented or annular smooth layers 6 and corrugations 4 educated.

6 shows a possible, segmented, embodiment of the Welllage 4 with structures 3 for generating turbulence, sedation and / or dead zones.

7 shows a particulate trap having cone-shaped channels and which comprises a plurality of, optionally narrow, elements which are particulate traps and / or catalysts. For this purpose, several honeycomb bodies 1 , which in each case widen conically or taper one behind the other. In front of the honeycomb bodies 1 is an additive addition 7 , a nitrogen storage 14 and an oxidation catalyst 8th , which nitrous gases (No _x ) are oxidized to nitrogen dioxide (NO ₂ ), in the exhaust line 12 upstream. A turbocharger 9 and a soot filter 10 are downstream. Advantageously, the particle trap 11 in combination with a tool for soot oxidation 15 used.

1

honeycombs

2

flow channel

3

structures

4

Well location

5

dead zones

6

smooth layer

7

additive addition

8th

oxidation catalyst

9

turbocharger

10

soot filter

11

particulate trap

12

exhaust gas line

13

channel wall

14

nitrogen storage

15

aid for soot oxidation

16

arrow

17

plasma reactor

18

top

19

axis

20

voltage source

21

radius

22

Central channel

23

coat

Claims (7)

Particle trap ( 11 ) in the form of a layered honeycomb body ( 1 ), the flow channels ( 2 ) and structures ( 3 ) in a fluid flow passing through the particulate trap, turbulence, settling and / or dead zones (US Pat. 5 ), wherein the particle trap ( 11 ) is at least partially open, and the particulate trap is constructed with metallic layers comprising a corrugated layer and a plain layer, wherein the corrugation is not uniform throughout the layer so that different flows and / or pressure conditions are established within the particulate trap. Particle trap ( 11 ) according to claim 1, wherein a part of the flow channels narrows and a part widens. Particle trap ( 11 ) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the smooth layer has no holes. Particle trap ( 11 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the particulate trap ( 11 ) at least partially made of metallic layers ( 4 . 6 ) is constructed. Particle trap ( 11 ) according to one of the preceding claims, consisting of a first layer ( 6 ) and at least one further film, which is a Wellage ( 4 ) or a smooth position ( 6 ) can be manufactured. Particle trap ( 11 ), according to one of the preceding claims, which comprises a plurality of, possibly narrow, elements which trap particles ( 11 ) and / or cataly sators ( 8th ) are included. Particle trap ( 11 ) according to claim 6, which has at least two elements with different heat capacities.