DE20116357U1 - Blow-out element for fluidizing bulk goods and containers therefor - Google Patents

Description

KING ■ PALGEN · SCHUMACHER · KLUIN

DÜSSELDORF■ESSEN

PATENT ATTORNEYS

our reference: 101 161 JM/HS/ng E _SS en, 04 October 2001

VSR Industrietechnik GmbH Hingbergstrasse 319

D - 45472 Mülheim/Ruhr

Blow-out element for fluidizing bulk materials and containers for this purpose

The invention relates to a blow-out element for fluidizing, possibly also hot, bulk materials, according to the preamble of claim 1. The present invention also relates to a container for bulk materials according to the preamble of claim 12 and with a blow-out element according to the present invention.

A device for fluidizing bulk materials, in particular fine and coarse-grained bulk materials in a mixture, is already known from DE 37 17 216 C2. This device is also used to clean off dusty deposits by continuously or discontinuously blowing out air using an air blowing element. For this purpose, the blowing element has lateral blowing openings distributed along its length. The air blowing element is designed as a sword-shaped nozzle with a nozzle cross-section that tapers by at least 1/3 over its blowing length. The total area of the blowing openings corresponds approximately to the reduction in the nozzle cross-sectional area. The aim of this air blowing element is to ensure that even inhomogeneous bulk materials of different grain sizes

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can be fluidized perfectly along the length of the nozzle without moving the bulk material mechanically. If the blow-out effects are maintained over the blow-out length of the blow-out element, a constant lateral depth effect of the air emerging from the blow-out openings on the bulk material is ensured. This is to be achieved by the previously described reduction in the nozzle cross-section of the blow-out element. The air blow-out element has blow-out slots that are arranged in the area of the lateral edges, i.e. in the area of the maximum width of the sword-shaped air blow-out element on its side edges.

When using air blow-out elements in the funnel-shaped discharge area of a silo container, it can happen that the bulk material tends to remain in the area where the walls of the discharge area meet at an angle, because the gradient of the funnel walls or the "throat" is the lowest there. In order to dissolve these deposits in the corner areas of the discharge area or to prevent them from forming, the air blow-out element described above cannot be used because the air blow-out openings are arranged laterally on the long edges of this sword-shaped and thus flat blow-out element.

On the flat side surfaces of the air discharge element, depending on the composition of the bulk material, sufficient fluidization of the bulk material can usually not be achieved or can only be achieved unsatisfactorily.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a blow-out element for fluidizing bulk materials in angled, funnel-shaped

To create discharge areas of containers and a suitably equipped container for bulk materials, which improves fluidization of the bulk materials and thus dissolution or prevention of any deposits.
30

This object is achieved by a blow-out element for fluidizing bulk materials with the features of claim 1, as well as by a

Container for bulk materials according to the features of claim 14. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in claims 2 to 13 and 15 to 18.

According to the invention, in a blow-out element for fluidizing bulk materials - hot bulk materials - with an elongated surface element having fluid blow-out openings facing the bulk material during operation, improved fluidization of the bulk material and thus dissolution or prevention of any deposits is achieved by arranging the fluid blow-out openings in the surface of the surface element and at least partially outside the side edges of the surface element. In order to create a uniform outflow of the fluid from all fluid blow-out openings, in particular isobaric conditions at the fluid blow-out openings, the blow-out element can be sword-shaped starting from the fluid inlet opening and the fluid blow-out openings can be distributed in the longitudinal direction of the surface element. This achieves almost uniform fluidization of the bulk material over the entire length of the blow-out element, thus counteracting the formation of deposits and causing them to dissolve, whereby the surface element as such is also fluidically cleaned.

In a particularly advantageous and simple design, the surface element is divided into several sections in its longitudinal direction and the fluid blow-out openings are formed by the spaced-apart edges or overlapping edge zones of the surface element sections facing each other. The resulting fluid blow-out openings are thus linear, strip-shaped or scale-shaped and extend over the entire width of the blow-out element. In order to clearly determine the blow-out direction of the outflowing fluid, preferably air, the strip-shaped fluid blow-out openings can be closed laterally in the area of the side edges of the surface element.

In order to prevent or reduce the entry of bulk material into the fluid discharge openings, the fluid discharge openings are directed with their mouths in the longitudinal direction of the surface element and against any conveying direction of the bulk material. In order to achieve this orientation of the mouth, the edges or edge zones that delimit the fluid discharge openings are simply angled inwards on one side to guide the escaping fluid in the longitudinal direction of the surface element and are deformed outwards in an almost step-like manner on the opposite side. This results in a nozzle gap formed by the overlapping edge zones of the surface element, which has a first part that is oriented diagonally to the longitudinal direction of the surface element and thus diagonally to the conveying direction of the bulk material, which is followed by a second part that is oriented parallel to the longitudinal direction of the surface element. The second part can be conically widened in the blow-out direction in order to be able to remove bulk material particles that have penetrated more easily.

In terms of construction, the blow-out element, in addition to the previously described surface elements with the fluid blow-out openings, usually also has a base body to which the surface element is connected to form a pipe-like channel for guiding the gas. This base body can be a wall part specifically provided for the blow-out element, or it can be formed by another component, such as the container in which the blow-out element is arranged - for example, by an angled part of the funnel-shaped outlet area of a silo container. This channel can be closed at one end by a closure plate and connected to a gas supply opening. The opposite end of the channel can be open and have another blow-out opening for the fluid. Advantageously, this additional blow-out opening can be used to remove any blockages or bridges in the area of the silo outlet opening at the lower end. In an advantageous embodiment, the base body can consist of two walls with a longitudinal

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direction of the surface element. This blow-out element is therefore particularly suitable for installation - even subsequent installation - in the corner areas of containers, whereby welding work to create an outflow channel for the blow-out nozzles is not necessary.

The area of the further end outlet opening can be set at about 10% of the area of the inlet cross-section of the pipe-like channel of the blow-out element in order to maintain isobaric conditions at the fluid blow-out openings and to achieve a sufficient air blast at the outlet opening to eliminate any bridges. If necessary, this outlet opening can also be tightly closed if there is no regression in order to achieve even better - because stronger - fluidization.

In order to promote the goal of isobaric outflow conditions at the exhaust openings, one edge region of the outlet openings is angled inwards along the longitudinal direction of the surface element in such a way that, by reducing the passage cross section of the channel, all exhaust openings following one another along the surface element have the same pressure conditions.

The blow-out element described above is preferably suitable for use in a silo container for bulk materials, in particular hot bulk materials, which has a square and tapered outlet area. The blow-out element is aligned with its longitudinal direction in the outlet direction of the bulk material, and its surface element faces the bulk material and is arranged in one of the corner areas of the outlet area. In order to achieve an optimal fluidization result, a blow-out element is arranged in each corner area of the outlet area. The outlet area is usually conical and has, in particular, a square cross-section.

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In a particularly simple construction, the base body of the blow-out element can - as already explained above - be formed by the walls of the outlet area, which are at an angle to each other in the respective corner area of the outlet area. The actual blow-out element thus consists in a particularly simple construction of the longitudinally successive sections of the surface element, each of which bridges the corner area. However, not only in corner areas, but also in other funnel wall areas with reduced transportability, blow-out elements according to the invention can advantageously form part of the container wall approximately parallel to the transport direction, whereby the fluid nozzle surface element can be not only flat but also round or polygonal in cross section.

Preferably, the side edges of the surface element are connected to the walls of the outlet area in a gas-tight manner, preferably welded.

This also increases the stability of the silo container in its discharge area. The corner areas that are not conducive to flow are also reinforced by the bridging effect of the surface element, and an improved material flow is achieved.
20

The aforementioned components to be used according to the invention as well as those claimed and described in the embodiments are not subject to any special exceptional conditions in terms of their size, shape, choice of material and technical conception, so that the selection criteria known in the field of application can be applied without restriction.

Further details, features and advantages of the subject matter of the invention emerge from the subclaims and from the following description of the associated drawing, in which - by way of example - a preferred embodiment of the blow-out element according to the invention for

Fluidizing bulk materials and containers for this purpose are shown. The drawing shows:

Fig. 1A shows an outlet area of a vertically broken container for bulk material with blow-out elements in a first embodiment

form of perspective;

Fig. 1B is an enlarged detail view of the illustration in Fig. 1A;
10

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the blow-out shown in Figure 1

elements;

Fig. 3 shows an enlarged detail of the blow-out element according to

Fig. 2 from the area of a fluid outlet opening,

Fig. 4 second embodiment of a discharge area of a vertical

broken open container for bulk material with blow-out elements in a second embodiment - perspective;
20

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the blow-out shown in Figure 4

selementes, as well as

Fig. 6 a horizontal section through the blow-out element according to Fig. 5 -

Section along the line Vl-Vl according to Fig. 5.

Figure 1 shows a discharge area 1 (discharge funnel) of a silo container (not shown) for bulk goods, such as coal, ore, animal feed, ash, flour, sand, gravel or salts. The discharge area 1 is designed in the usual way conical with a lower discharge opening 2 and has the shape of an upside down truncated pyramid with a square base. The walls 3 in the

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Corner areas 4 are each arranged at an angle to one another. The bulk material flowing out of the silo container tends to settle, particularly in the corner areas 4 (due to the less favorable wall inclination than in the area of the middle of the wall). To avoid this, blow-out elements 5 are arranged in all four corner areas of the outlet area 1. The blow-out elements 5 are elongated, preferably tapered conically towards the bottom and sword-shaped, i.e. becoming narrower in the direction of the outlet opening 2 of the outlet area 1. The blow-out element 5 essentially consists of a fluid feed opening 6, which is designed as a pipe section and is arranged in the wall 3 of the outlet area 1. The fluid, preferably air, is fed to the upper end 5a of the blow-out element 5 via the fluid inlet opening 6. It can be seen from Figures 1a) to c) that the blow-out element 5 essentially consists of a surface element 7 which covers the corner region 4 of the adjacent walls 3 of the outlet region 1. The side edges 7a of the surface elements 7 are welded to the walls 3 of the outlet region 1 (see Fig. 1C). This gives the outlet region 1 of the container increased static strength. By covering the corner region 4 with the surface element 7, a channel 8 for guiding the fluidizing agent is created between the surface element 7 and the two walls 3 of the outlet region 1 arranged at an angle to one another. This channel 8 is fluidically connected to the gas supply opening 6 on the inlet side and has fluid blow-out openings 9 arranged in the course of the surface element 7 along the longitudinal direction L of the surface element 7.

Figure 2 shows an enlarged view of a surface element 7 from Fig. 1a to c. It is clear that the surface element 7 is formed from individual sections 7b. It is also shown that a closure plate 10 is arranged at the upper end 5a in order to close off the channel 8 at the top. A further outlet opening 11 is arranged at the opposite lower end 5b of the blow-out element 5. The outlet opening 11 has an area which is approximately 10% of the inlet cross section.

of the channel 8. The outlet opening 2 can thus be kept clear via the gas emerging from this outlet opening 11 via the air pulse and any blockages or bridges can be removed.
If required, the outlet opening 11 can also be closed tightly.
5

Figure 2 also shows that the individual sections 7b of the surface element 7 overlap, so that a scale-like surface of the blow-out element 5 is created.

This scale-like formation is shown in more detail in Figure 3, which shows two adjacent sections 7b of a surface element 7. To form a scale-like or strip-like fluid discharge opening 9, the edges 7 or edge regions of the sections 7b are connected to one another via a side plate 13 while maintaining a nozzle channel 12, which is also strip-like. The side plate 13 connects the side edges 7a of the edges 7c of the sections 7b, which are adjacent to one another at a distance. The gas outlet opening 9 or the nozzle channel 12 is thus formed laterally by the side plates 13, at the top by the preceding section 7b as seen in the longitudinal direction L, and at the bottom by the following section 7b as seen in the longitudinal direction L.

In addition, it can be seen from Figure 3 that the nozzle channel 12 is directed in the longitudinal direction L of the surface element 7 and thus of the blow-out element 5, and also points to the outlet opening 2 of the outlet area 1 and thus in the flow direction of the bulk material. The fluid blow-out opening 9 formed by the adjacent edges 7c of the sections 7b and the side plates 13 is connected to the channel 8 of the blow-out element 5 via the adjoining nozzle channel 12. For this purpose, the edge 7c of the preceding surface element 7, seen in the longitudinal direction L, is bent upwards in a step-like manner, so that its end region 7d preferably opens parallel, but also conically, at a distance to form the nozzle channel 12 parallel to the edge 7c of the following viewed in the longitudinal direction L.

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In addition, the inlet region 7e of the subsequent section 7b, viewed in the longitudinal direction L of the blow-out element 5, is angled downwards in the direction of the channel 8, so that the nozzle channel 12a, viewed in the outflow direction of the fluid, consists of a first region which is inclined in the longitudinal direction L of the blow-out element 5 and in the conveying direction of the bulk material and which merges into the previously described region directed parallel to the longitudinal direction L of the blow-out element 5.

In addition, the downwardly angled inlet region 7e of the surface element 7 in the region of a fluid discharge opening 9 reduces the passage cross section of the channel 8 in such a way that isobaric pressure conditions are achieved at all fluid discharge openings 9 along the discharge element 5.

Figures 4 and 5 show a second embodiment of the present invention. This differs essentially from the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 3 in that the channel 8 of the blow-out element 5 is not limited on its underside by the walls 3 of the outlet area 1, but by an independent base body 14.

With regard to the remaining parts comparable with the first embodiment, reference is made to the description therein. In Figures 4 and 5, the same reference numbers as in Figures 1 to 3 have been used where the parts correspond.

The base body 14 consists essentially of two elongated metal sheets which are arranged at an angle to each other and thus form a cross-sectional triangular channel 8 after connection, preferably welding, with the sections 7b of the surface element 7. The angle of the throat-shaped metal sheets of the base body 14 is selected so that it

essentially corresponds to the angle of the walls 3 adjoining one another in the corner region 4 of the outlet region 1. The blow-out element 5 is preferably connected, in particular screwed, to the walls 3 of the outlet region 1 in the corner region 4 via angle elements 15. In the region of the upper end 5a of the blow-out element 5, a pipe connection piece 16 is provided which is connected on the one hand to the upper end 5a of the blow-out element 5 and thus to the surface element 7 and the base body 14 and is guided through the wall 3 of the outlet region 1 near the opposite gas supply opening.

12 List of reference symbols

1 Run-off area 2 Outlet opening 3 Wall 4 Corner area (throat area) 5 Blow-out element 5a top end 5b lower end 6 Gas supply opening 7 Surface element 7a Page margin 7b Section 7c edge 7d End area 7e Inlet area CX) channel 9 Fluid outlet opening 10 Closure element 11 Outlet opening 12 Nozzle channel 13 Page sheet 14 Base body 15 Bracket element 16 Pipe connector 17 Welds

Claims (21)

1. Device for fluidizing bulk materials and/or cleaning off deposits, in particular dust-like deposits, by continuously or discontinuously blowing out a fluid, in particular air, by means of a fluid blow-out element with an elongated surface element having at least one fluid inlet opening and several fluid blow-out openings and facing the bulk material during operation, characterized in that the fluid blow-out openings ( 9 ) are arranged in the surface of the surface element ( 7 ) and at least partially outside the side edge ( 7a ) of the surface element ( 7 ). 2. Blow-out element according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface element ( 7 ) is sword-shaped. 3. Blow-out element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fluid blow-out openings ( 9 ) are distributed in the longitudinal direction (L) of the surface element ( 7 ), optionally at a distance from one another. 4. Blow-out element according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the surface element ( 7 ) is divided into several sections ( 7b ) in the longitudinal direction (L) and the fluid blow-out openings ( 9 ) are delimited by the spaced-apart edges ( 7c ) of the sections ( 7b ) or their overlapping adjacent edge zones. 5. Blow-out element according to claim 4, characterized in that the fluid blow-out openings ( 9 ) are strip-shaped or scale-shaped. 6. Blow-out element according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the fluid blow-out openings ( 9 ) are laterally closed when viewed in the longitudinal direction (L) of the surface element ( 7 ). 7. Blow-out element according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the fluid blow-out openings ( 9 ) are directed in the longitudinal direction (L) of the surface element ( 7 ) and against the conveying direction of the bulk material. 8. Blow-out element according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the edge zones delimiting the fluid blow-out openings ( 9 ) for guiding the escaping fluid in the longitudinal direction (L) of the surface element ( 7 ) are angled inwards on one side and, if necessary, are designed in a step-like manner on the opposite side. 9. Blow-out element according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the fluid blow-out openings are conically widened in the blow-out direction. 10. Blow-out element according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the surface element ( 7 ) is connected to a base body ( 14 ) to form a line-like channel ( 8 ) for guiding the fluid. 11. Blow-out element according to claim 10, characterized in that the channel ( 8 ) is closed at one end ( 5a ) via a closure element ( 10 ) and is provided with a gas supply opening ( 6 ). 12. Blow-out element according to claim 11, characterized in that the gas supply opening ( 6 ) is not guided through the groove, but through the adjacent wall ( 3 ). 13. Blow-out element according to one of claims 10 or 12, characterized in that the other end ( 5b ) of the channel ( 8 ) is open and forms a further outlet opening ( 11 ) for the gas. 14. Blow-out element according to claim 13, characterized in that the area of the outlet opening ( 11 ) is approximately 10% of the area of the inlet cross-section of the line-like channel ( 8 ) of the blow-out element ( 5 ). 15. Blow-out element according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the base body ( 14 ) is constructed from two walls with a groove running in the longitudinal direction (L) of the surface element ( 7 ). 16. Blow-out element according to one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that in each case one edge zone ( 7c ) of the fluid blow-out openings ( 9 ) along the surface element ( 7 ) is angled inwards in such a way that, via the cross-sectional reduction of the passage cross-section of the channel ( 8 ), all fluid blow-out openings ( 9 ) following one another along the surface element ( 7 ) have the same pressure conditions. 17. Container for bulk materials with a, in particular angular, tapered outlet area with a blow-out element for fluidizing bulk materials and/or cleaning off, in particular dust-like, deposits by continuously or discontinuously blowing out a fluid, in particular air, according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the blow-out element ( 5 ) is arranged with its longitudinal direction (L) in the outlet direction of the bulk material and with its surface element ( 7 ) facing the bulk material in a low-conveyance area of the outlet area ( 1 ), such as a corner area ( 4 ). 18. Container according to claim 17, characterized in that the outlet region ( 1 ) is conical and has a polygonal, in particular square, cross-section. 19. Container according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that a base body of the blow-out element ( 5 ) is formed by a wall ( 3 ) of the outlet region ( 1 ). 20. Container according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the side edges ( 7a ) of the surface element ( 7 ) are connected to the walls ( 3 ) of the outlet region ( 1 ) in a gas-tight manner, preferably welded. 21. Blow-out element according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that, in the case of very fine and free-flowing material, elastic lip seals can be provided or are provided to prevent penetration or backflow via the blow-out gaps into the nozzle.