DE2011068A1 - Nuclear reactor - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorneys ». η um * λίλ

DIpI. Ing. C. Wallach ⁸ · ^nu - ^{| 3 / υ}

Dipl.! Ng. G. Koch
Dr. T. hfibach

8 Κδκε ;; 3η 2

Kaufingerstr. 8, Tel. 240275

12 541 - Η / Μ

THE ENGLISH ELECTRIC OCMPAfiss "LIMITED, London, WjC.2, / England

Nuclear reactor

The invention relates to nuclear reactors including high temperature gas cooled nuclear reactors in which the nuclear fuel elements are included in at least some of a plurality of moderator blocks, which according to a regular Sample wheels are composed of core structure, and the fuel feed to the reactor in the manner

the

takes place · that one the moderator blocks containing fuel elements removes or introduces through standpipes, which are provided for this purpose in the top wall of a vessel that surrounds the gore structure and serves as a biological shield.

In such nuclear reactors, the ones provided in the core structure to accommodate the required control rods were vertical Channels not previously arranged directly below the aforementioned standpipes, but below a second Set of standpipes, which are provided in the ceiling and at intermediate points between the first-mentioned standpipes and the actuators for the control data. Such an arrangement has proven to be Proven to be satisfactory; would be self-evident, however

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the prime cost of the ceiling wall due to the necessity a "wide set of standpipes" considerably elevated.

The invention thus relates to a nuclear reactor with a reactor core structure also arranged according to a regular pattern moderator blocks, of which at least some contain nuclear fuel elements, also with a container vessel surrounding the core structure, the ceiling of which is provided with standpipes, which open access to the core structure and one to the Removal ν, οη moderately or blocks from the core structure have sufficient clear width, and the core structure is designed with vertical channels ζην receiving control rods that can be inserted into the core structure. In order to simplify the construction and reduce the production costs, it is provided in such a reactor according to the invention that each of the control rod channels is arranged directly below an associated standpipe.

In a nuclear reactor designed according to the invention are then the actuating devices for the control rods are housed in the standpipes, which are used for loading or unloading. Removal of the moderator's blocks are provided. The so far Additional standpipes provided for the control rod actuating devices can then be omitted, as a result of which the total number of stan tubes la of the top wall of the biological Shielding reduced? öiee enables a considerable Simplification of the construction of the ceiling wall and a reduction in the prime costs of the biological shielding.

For loading the reactor core, of course the control rod actuator in the relevant Standpipes removed first.

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A suitable embodiment of the Iri'induag can be provided be that the standpipes are relatively su the regular Patterns of the blocks of the Goreaufbaue are arranged so that each each exposed at the top of the core structure Block for removal through one of the standpipes .accessible is. Furthermore, it can be provided that the blocks are stacked in several layers so that each block is aligned with a block above and / or other layers below, such that the blocks with one another Forming pillars each containing a block from each layer; in this case it can preferably be provided that the individual blocks are each only partially vertically below an associated standpipe, and that between the top of the core structure and the cover of the nuclear reactor vessel a free space is provided, the vertical height of which is greater than the vertical height of the moderator blocks is.

In this way, the moderator blocks can be introduced individually or * can be removed. The free seam, which in practice is formed by the upper collecting chamber of the nuclear reactor, only needs to have a height au that is slightly greater than the vertical height of a moderator's block; and also the height of the loading device can be considerably reduced compared to known devices, when the blocks are handled individually.

When using mod erator blocks with a hexagonal cross-section the moderator's pillars can each be divided into groups of four be assigned relevant standpipes, through which they can be introduced or removed, and it can Two control rod channels can be provided under each standpipe, which are arranged at those corners of the columns are where three pillars of each group meet.

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ßAD OFMGJNÄL

In the following, embodiments of the invention are based on described in the drawing? in öieser show:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a layer of moderator blocks in Core of a nuclear reactor according to a first embodiment the invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the top of the pecking wall the biological shielding of the core of the one shown in FIG

FIG. 3 is a Sehn it looks tar jiiit section 2ängs <fer line XX in Figure 2 \

Fig. 4 is a view corresponding to Figure 2 of a second embodiment of the Erfirj: .lmi _t 'i;

tind 4
5 shows a view corresponding to the figure, of a third embodiment of the invention.

The ocre structure of the in the figures; up to 5 mixed nuclear reactor consists of moderate blocks ok (Pig. 1) of hexagonal cross-section, which - not shown) contains fuel elements for ». Me Bronnritoff elements are lowered into openings or channels, depending on the moderator's blocks. Lanssachco are provided. The moderator blocks 10 are layered in the form of columns, which in turn are arranged in groups of four, v / oboi in each case to the one indicated in the drawing; Vertical channels 11 for control rods are provided in each column group, ie at those locators of the columns in which three columns of a quadruple group meet / T The channels are through grooves or respectively. ^f . formed by recesses which are provided running in the longitudinal direction at the mentioned corners of the moderator blocks 10

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BATH ORIGINAL

Assume that it .does yourself gas? g ok Lull ben high temperature reactor acts; the / longitudinal direction of the oil blocks extending openings or recesses, welciiG the Ej - :: ar> *. te, then usually also serve as channels for the cooling gas at the same time. Typically, and in known wines, the arrangement 30 can be made so that the gas baw through all blocks lying in line in a column through the openings containing the fuel elements. Recesses near the bottom flows. However, these arrangements are known and as such do not form the subject of the present invention.

The biological shielding has a ceiling or ceiling wall 12 (FIGS. 2 and 3), in which for each Group of moderator block columns each with a separate standpipe

13 is provided. The column groups are arranged below the relevant standpipes 13 so that each column is with a sufficient part of its cross-section directly below the associated 'standpipe, so that a handling device for the moderator modules can be inserted directly into the space occupied by each soap column.

The handling device has a rod or a rod

14 with a base part 15 which is designed to engage with the moderator modules 10. The rod 14 is rotatable and can be displaced transversely within the standpipes, "in such a way that, after the handling device has been inserted into a standpipe, the rod 14 can be inserted into the space occupied by any of the four columns of the column group in question, and the base part 15 is thus in position can be brought into engagement with the uppermost moderator blook of the relevant column. At its upper end .sind the rods 14 with a suitable drive mechanism

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BATH ORIGINAL

tied together.

As a result of the arrangement of the moderator block columns and the standpipes 13 illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, both control rod channels 1f of each pair come to lie directly below the relevant associated standpipe. The control rods (not shown) are mounted on the normally la the standpipes Yerschlußstopfen employed; these closing plugs also carry the actuating devices for the control rods.

If, for example, a moderator block column 10A (Figures 1 and 2) is to be charged with fuel, the associated standpipe plug is removed from the standpipe 13 concerned with its control rods and control rod actuation devices. The handling device for the moderator blocks is then inserted through this standpipe until the The base part 15 enters the upper SanEaelkammer 16 of the reactor5 then the drive mechanism for the handling device is actuated so that the rod H and the base part 15 move into the position shown in broken lines in FIG. The handling device is then lowered to the top moderator block of the column 10A until the base part J5 Kit engages and then raised again until the moderator block carried by the handling device is in the collecting chamber 16; thereafter, the handling device is rotated so that it is aligned with the standpipe 13, and then pulled out through the standpipe. This process is repeated for the successive removal of the moderator blocks forming the column 10A and then carried out in reverse order to load new moderator blocks into the space occupied by the column 10A.

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COPY

BAD ORIGfNAL

By the Steuerotübkanäle 11 immediately below the Standpipes 13 have been arranged ι kb'nnan previously for the control rods and their actuators are provided "special" arranged at intermediate satellites Standpipe β come in port case. Furthermore, since the moderator blocks 10 are inserted or removed one after the other the upper Sarnraelkannaor needs 1 (5 between the Deake 12 land the top of the Coreaufbaua only have a vertical height just slightly greater than the length of the moderator block ^.

It has given that with such an arrangement the maximum number and distribution of sturdy ducts can be increased, with these various ducts being arranged unittally below the standpipes, and that on the same side an antigenically large cross-section block aoantlioaer moderator block pillars come to lie directly below the standpipes in question can that cd? Handling device for the Modere.corblöclce in ¹ straight direction through the Starj.Irohre and into which the individual Hodaratorblool: "? Lul9Ci fliA: for eMOiimienen rooms can be introduced.

However, the invention is suitable for use in its purest form in others alo to the core assembly assembly shown in Figures 1 through 3. With this arrangement one, as described above » In each case there are control bars on each side; four axes of the pillars each intended; üby leaving one control rod each each pair would be given one in the order with a tax rate each for four columns each. An arrangement according to the invention, at woloher a 3 tax stick on three hexagonal pillars not applicable · is inclined in FIG. 4; FIG. 4 has a partial view of the bit standpipes 13B provided nuclear reactor

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! COPY

BATH ORIGINAL

Ceiling wall 12B ISTJ built up over one of columns of regularly hexagonal blocks 1Ob and nit control rod channels 11B Eernreaktorcoreaufbau provided thereby is respectively Each channel "ΊΒ concentric with a zugeordeten standpipe 13B and JEV / eiln at common corners of a group of ~ j adjacent blocks 1OB arranged, which are accessible and removable through the said standpipe,

Furthermore, the blocks and the pillars made up of them do not necessarily have to be hexagonal. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the Realctor cover 120 is arranged with its Standroliron 130 over a core structure, which consists of irregular pentagonal blocks with angles of 90 ° and 120 °, which are stacked in a manner known per se so that each underneath toward the center of each standpipe, the right angled corners of four adjoining blocks 10C . come lying down. According to the invention, these corners are designed with longitudinal grooves, which result in a control rod channel 110 which is concentric with the standpipe. As in the case of the embodiment form shown in FIGS. To 5, each of the moderator blocks 110, in part directly below one, is assigned. Standpipe 130 is accessible and removable through this standpipe.

Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiments described above zvrar all the control rod channels at the meeting 2 corners of three or more moderator block columns intended; however, the individual control rod channels could, of course, also each, for example lie between adjacent end faces of two adjacent columns or completely within one column,

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0AD

Tbo the same dimension as porn and could 8βin the surrounding pillars, and may also contain fuel or else -vorgesehen specially for receiving the control rod atin kunnte without containing fuel; this column also need not necessarily have the same Ϊοίπλ and dimensions as the surrounding columns .

Claims ;

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Claims (1)

Claims 1Λ Nuclear reactor with a beactor core structure of moderator blocks arranged according to a regular pattern, of which at least some contain nuclear fuel elements, as well as a container vessel surrounding the core structure, the top wall of which is provided with standpipes which open access to the core structure and one for removing moderator blocks have sufficient clearance for the core structure, and above the core structure with vertical channels for receiving control rods which can be inserted into the core structure, characterized in that each of the control rod channels (11, FIGS. 1 to 3; 11 B, FIG. 4 5 11 C, FIG 5) in each case directly beneath an associated standpipe (13, figures ι to ^3; 3 3, 4; 13 C, Figure 5) is arranged. 2. Nuclear reactor according to Jkn sprueh. 1, characterized in that the standpipes relative to the regular ifaster of blocks (tOj 10 Bj 10 G) des Core structure are arranged so that each exposed block on the top of the core structure to Removal is accessible through one of the standpipes ο 3 · Nuclear reactor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the blocks (10; 10 B; ' 10 C) are stacked in several layers so that each block with a block above and / or below it is aligned with the other layer, 009839/1505 ORIGINAL INSPECTED kind that the blocks form columns one after another, each contain a block ans each layer. 4 * nuclear reactor according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the individual blocks each only partially lie vertically below an orderly standpipe, and that between the upper side of the core structure and the cover a free rauia is provided for the nuclear reactor vessel, the vertical height is greater than the vertical height of the Moderator block is · 5 «Nuclear reactor according to one or more of the preceding Claims * characterized in that the moderator blocks are hexagonal and a control rod channel (11) is provided between each of the abutting corners of triple blocks (10, FIGS. 1 to 3). 6. Nuclear reactor according to claim 5, characterized ge marking net that in each case a standpipe (13) is arranged vertically over parts of the animal forming a group of Ecderatorblocks, between which two control rod channels (ti) are provided vertically under the relevant associated standpipe (15). 7 · Nuclear reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that the core structure consists of identical blocks of irregular pentagonal shape (10 C, Figure 5) with an angle * of 120 °, which are arranged in a manner known per se - that each 90 ° corners of adjacent blocks and three 120 ° corners of adjacent blocks eusanmenstofien, and that between the adjoining 90 ° corners of adjacent animal blocks a control rod channel (11 C ₅ Figure 5) is provided. 009839/1505 Blank page