DE2008164A1 - Soil cultivation machine with revolving cultivator - Google Patents

Description

Soil cultivation machine with revolving cultivator

The invention relates to a distribution device for use with a revolving cultivator, the material towards » distributed over the cultivator * The facility is in particular, However, it is not intended solely for distributing seeds or fertilizers behind the rotating cultivator, so that the Seed or fertilizer is placed on, in or under the soil layer that is being worked by the cultivator.

According to the invention, a soil cultivating machine with a revolving cultivator tint distribution device, which from a storage container for the material to be distributed, in a Vtrttiltrlkanal, which lies transversely to the ventilation direction of the machine and receives material from the reservoir, outlet ^ in the Vtrttiltrkanal, a · dtntn the material is carried out, as well as from

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Conveyors "consists with which the material along the Distribution channel is promoted to the outlets.

The distribution channel is preferably located in relation to the direction of movement of the machine behind the tillage device.

Regarding the materials that are distributed by means of the device, can include seeds and fertilizers, the fertilizers being in granular, powdery or liquid form and the Seeds can be of any type, such as seeds for vegetables, beans, cabbage, or forage crops.

The distribution channel can define a passage, the Outlets are represented by openings in the duct. The channel is at least partially circular, and so is the conveyor can be represented by a screw conveyor rotatable in the channel. The channel can be through a cylindrical tube are formed, the outlet openings being provided axially on the tube. In this way the material is discharged in rows, the row spacing is adjustable.

The rotatable screw conveyor can have a screw-shaped brush as it is explained in the co-pending application. The helical brush is provided with bristles which are fastened with one of their ends in a channel-shaped part.

The tube may be provided with an inlet at one end and an additional outlet at the other end through which excess material is discharged.

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A first feed device is expediently provided, which supplies material to the distribution channel from the storage container. This device can be represented by a pipe that the material is moved under the influence of gravity

The storage container can be connected to a conveyor on its bottom surface be provided, which feeds the material to the first feed device.

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A second feed device is preferably also provided, the excess material from the distribution channel returns to the storage container, with one in a pipe here rotatably mounted screw conveyor can be used.

The soil cultivation device of the machine can be a transverse one Have rotor that has soil working tools that throw soil behind the rotor during operation. The distribution channel and the rotor are arranged so that the ejected soil is deposited on top of, under or around the material that is extracted from the Manifold is discharged.

The distribution channel is expediently movable in the vertical direction. To this. Way can be the horizontal plane in which the material is discharged, precisely predetermined and adjusted.

The cylindrical manifold can be joined by a second cylindrical Be coaxially enclosed tube that is in axial rows with

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openings are provided, each row optionally in register can be brought with the openings in the first tube to obtain outlets with variable axial spacing. In this way the distance between the rows of material discharged from the distributor can be varied.

A further modification can be below the first tube or below the second tube enclosing the first tube a double tube consisting of inner and outer cylinders can be provided, the inner cylinder being radially spaced from the Outer cylinder is located, which is provided with an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is in communication with the outlet of the first tube or the outlet of this surrounding tube, wherein the entering the inlet material between the inner and the outer cylinder moves to the outlet of the outer cylinder and is discharged from there. This arrangement allows a Adjusting the distance of the discharged material within each row can be achieved.

The inner cylinder is preferably rotatably arranged in the outer cylinder and has an outer surface made of a soft material.

Further features of the invention emerge from the description below in which, with reference to the accompanying drawings, several embodiments of the invention are explained in one go will.

Fig. 1 shows the perspective view of a distribution device according to the invention in connection with a rotating Cultivator.

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Figure 2 is a perspective view of a portion of the distribution device of Fig. 1 on a larger scale.

FIG. 3 is a modified form of the distributor device of FIG. 2.

Fig. 4 shows the front view of another embodiment of a conveyor for the distribution device.

FIG. 3 is the end view of a further embodiment of the part of the distributor device shown in FIG. 2.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the distributor device a cylindrical bore 13, which represents a distribution channel in which a rotatable screw conveyor is located, which has a shaft 11 and a helical brush 12, which is attached to the shaft 11 and around the shaft 11 extends. The iiohr 13 is provided with an axially lying row of Provided outlet openings 14 for the material to be distributed, the | are arranged in the lower part of the Hohres 13. The tube 13 »the shaft 11 and the brush 12 are in detail in the simultaneous Registration explained.

The -ßohr 13 is with the material to be distributed from a Supply container 30, which is designed as a trough which, in contrast to the illustration in FIG. 1, also with a removable lid can be provided. The storage container 30 is provided with a partially cylindrical bottom surface 31 and has an outlet 32 on an end wall 3> and an inlet 34 in the opposite end wall 35. Along the floor area 31 extends a screw conveyor 36, which consists of a

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Shaft 37 and a helical brush 38 consists. This Screw conveyor can convey material in hopper 30 to outlet 32. Between outlet 32 and an inlet end 40 A pipe 39 is provided of the pipe 13. The material from the storage container 30 flows under the effect of gravity in the pipe 39 down to the pipe 13 and is conveyed along by the helical brush 12 in the pipe 13,

The material exits through the openings 14. Excess Material that is not discharged goes to the opposite one Outlet end 4-1 of tube 13 · This is where the material gets by a screw conveyor 42 via a line 43 which is connected between the pipe 13 and the storage container inlet 34 is conveyed up and back to the reservoir 30. The material thus follows a closed circuit from the storage container to the pipe 13 and back again to the storage container, only the material to be distributed exiting through the openings 14. The material in the reservoir is used as needed added.

The distribution device is operated together with a revolving cultivator 44 which is in -e'ig. 1 shown only in outline is. The cultivator 44 may be of a scanned type and a Have number of soil cultivating buckets (not shown), which penetrate a predetermined depth in order to break it open and throw it backwards. As shown in Fig. 1, the cultivator and the distributor device are moved in the direction of arrow A, the tube 13 being transverse to the direction of movement and the cultivator in front of the distributor device running. In one embodiment, the cultivator revolves in such a direction of rotation that it extends the soil over the cultivator

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gate after. throws behind. Above the cultivator is -44 at a distance therefrom a curved plate 45 is provided, which the Soil forces itself over the cultivator and backwards to move. A cover plate 46 is arranged above the tube 13 for protection. In this embodiment are the cultivator 44 and the distributor device arranged so that substantially all of the cultivator thrown backwards Ground behind the pipe 13 is deposited. In this way, the material distributed through the pipe 13 is below that on it Way formed soil layer, the material being the depth of the soil layer worked by the cultivator in a known manner can be precisely adjusted, is deposited at a predetermined depth in the ground.

In another embodiment, the one falls behind the cultivator deposited soil down on both sides of the tube 13, which is protected by the angled cover plate 46. The material distributed by the pipe 13 is thus scattered into the soil layer.

In a third embodiment, the tube 13 is in a raised position or is at a distance to the rear from the cultivator, so that all the soil excavated by the cultivator is thrown into the space between the cultivator and the tube. In this way, the material emerging from the pipe is scattered on top of the soil layer.

In order to be able to realize the different modes of operation of the device, the distribution device can relative to the cultivator be designed to be movable in the vertical direction. the

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Distribution device can then be operated optionally so that the material is under the soil layer worked by the cultivator, is scattered in this soil layer or on the layer.

On the other hand, the revolving cultivator can also be designed so that it revolves in such a direction of rotation that the bottom from below the cultivator directly to the rear either into the space between the cultivator and pipe 13 or partially x> the is thrown completely over the pipe.

The rotating cultivator can, instead of cultivating the soil, shovels to have, also be designed as a drum, which is provided with axial grooves through which a soil layer after is thrown behind the drum. In such a cultivator, the distribution device can be carried out in a manner similar to that described above operate.

The conveying devices with which the material is moved along in the tube and with which the material is moved from the storage container to the tube and from there back to the storage container can also be operated pneumatically instead of the screw conveying that has been explained and shown.

The drive for the screw conveyor is removed from the circulating Kultivatorwelle 47 which carries a pulley 48, which rotates together with the shaft · To the pulley 48 summarizes a belt 49 around which also encloses a pulley 50, which are relatively in a fixed position to Pulley 48 is arranged.

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On a common shaft that rotates with the pulley 50, are further pulleys 51 and 52 arranged, the have a smaller diameter than the pulley 50. Belts 53 and 54- grip around these pulleys 51 and 52, of which the belt 53 is placed around a pulley 55, the non-rotatably seated on the shaft 37 of the screw conveyor 36 of the storage container. The belt 54 grips around a pulley 56 around, which is non-rotatably connected to the shaft 11 of the screw conveyor of the distribution device. The screw conveyor 43 for the recovery of the material to the reservoir is at the end of the shaft remote from the pulley 56 11 driven by a transmission, not shown, which is in an extension 5? ^ Unte3? G-ebracht.

The height of the distribution device can be adjusted by that the device is pivoted about the axis of the pulleys 50, 51 and 52. The device is equipped with a not shown Wheel or a runner provided, the pivoting with a winch or lifting device, not shown, is made. This winch can be a hand-operated screw winch, and the runner or wheel rests on the ground, the height being | the distribution device adjusted by operating the winch will.

The working depth of the revolving cultivator is independent adjustable from the height of the distributor device.

Above the tube 13, a cover (not shown) or a Aperture may be provided to prevent the material from escaping from the To control openings 14 or to prevent the exit entirely.

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The helical brushes of the screw conveyors 36 and 42 may be configured in a manner similar to the helical brush 12 and a plurality of elongated, flexible elements have, which are connected to one another at their one ends and, for example, made of wire-like bristles made of nylon or steel. In any case, the brush can either lie tightly against the wall of the associated tube or in certain cases Materials at a short distance from the wall end up.

In Fig. 3 is another embodiment of a manifold as shown in Figs. In this embodiment the pipe 13 is coaxially enclosed by a further pipe 15, which is closely spaced from the pipe 13 and has openings 16 in axial rows 16a, 16b, 16c and 16d. Row 16a is provided with openings which are the same distance as the row of openings 14 in the tube 13, while the openings in the rows 16b, 16c and 16d have twice, three times and four times the spacing in the axial direction as the row 16a. The - ^ ear 15 can be rotated relative to the pipe 13, so that optionally the openings 16a, I6b, 16c or I6d in register with the openings 14 can be brought, whereby outlet openings with variable axial spacing are obtained. Even if in Fig. 3 not shown, but contains the -kohr 13 again a screw conveyor similar to tube 13 in FIGS. 1 and 2. Between the tubes 13 and 15 a pawl (not shown) is provided with which the tube 15 relative to the tube 13 in the desired Position is held.

The screw conveyor can compared to the embodiments of Fig. 1 and 2 can also be designed differently. Fig. 4 shows a different one Design of the helical brush. Plier is

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a shaft 17 is provided which is arranged within the tube 13. Helical around the shaft 17 is a flexible, elongated one and channel-shaped part 18 wound in which a brush is formed by pressing the side surfaces of the channel together. is being held. The part 18 is attached to the shaft 17 so that the desired angle of the brush relative to the axis of the shaft is obtained.

According to the embodiment of FIG. 5, the manifold can also so designed ^ that the tube of Fig. 3 with an additional Verteiiergll ^ d 20 is provided. This additional device 20 has a cylindrical inner tube 21 lying coaxially and a cylindrical outer tube: r ~~ 22 on that below the tubes 13 and 15 are arranged. The outer bore 22 is provided with a series of inlet ports 23 located on top of the pipe are, as well as with a series of outlet openings 24 on the lower surface, the inlet openings 23 being aligned with a row of the openings 16 in the tube 15.

The inner tube 21 is radially spaced from the outer tube 22 and thereby forms an annular space 25 between the inner and outer walls the outer tube. On each side of the mouth of each opening 23 there is a brush 26 attached to the tube 22 and seeds or other granular material to be spread is forced to enter the openings 23 from the openings 16. Additional brushes 28 and 29 are attached to the inner surface of tube 22 to ensure that the seed is removed from the inlet openings 23 passes through the annular space 25 to the outlet openings from which it is discharged.

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The radial distance between the inner and the outer tube 21 and 22 is selected according to the size of the material to be conveyed 27, the distance preferably equal to the size of the ^M aterials is fixed.

The inner tube 21 is rotatable in the outer tube 22 to the material from the inlet to promote to the outlet openings, wherein the outer surface of the inner tube 21 made of a soft ^m aterial is, to prevent damage of the material to be distributed.

The rotation of the inner tube 21 can take place step by step, and the drive device (not shown) for the inner tube may include ratchet and ratchet means driven by the revolving cultivator, each stepwise Movement of the tube 21 is controlled by one or more cams which are adjustable to achieve different steps or are interchangeable. In this way, the spacing can be adjusted according to the specific requirements of the material to be distributed the seeds in each row are predetermined and made mutable.

The embodiment explained last is particularly suitable when seeds are to be sown at certain intervals in each row.

It is clear that the associated pipes, lines and the reservoir may be made from extruded or molded plastic, such as polyethylene or fiberglass .

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The openings in the distribution pipe or in the pipes through which the material passes can be circular or elongated with one end wider than the other. With some materials, the elongated openings be narrower than other materials with smaller particle size. When two groups of openings are aligned, the further ends of the openings of one group of elongated openings can be combined with the further ends of the openings of the other Group of elongated openings in alignment.

Albeit the distribution device using screw conveyors has been explained, the material can also be conveyed further by means of an air stream and out of the openings of the distributor pipe be carried out. In this case, a compressor or a fan is provided that the corresponding parts supplies the air to the facility.

The rotating cultivator and the distribution device are seated on a tractor, not shown, and are pulled by it. The tractor is arranged in front of the rotating cultivator , which is driven by the PTO of the tractor in a known manner f.

The distribution device and the revolving cultivator are mounted on a frame, which in a known manner by means of arms on Tractor is attached. The distributor device and the rotating one Cultivators can be designed as a unit, or the distribution device can be separate from the cultivator be provided.

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Claims (1)

Claims Soil cultivation machine with a rotating cultivator, a distribution device, the material behind the soil cultivation device distributed, and with a storage container for receiving the material to be distributed, characterized in that, that the distributor device has a distributor channel (13) which is arranged transversely to the direction of movement of the cultivator and is adapted to receive material from the reservoir (30), outlets (14 ·) in the manifold which the material is discharged, and conveyor devices (11, 12) with which the material in the distribution channel is conveyed to the outlets, the distribution channel in Direction of movement of the cultivator is arranged behind the soil cultivation device (44). 2. Soil cultivation machine according to claim 1, characterized that the distribution channel is defined by a channel with an at least partially circular cross-section, that the outlets are represented by openings (14) in the channel, and that the conveyor is a rotatably mounted in the channel Screw conveyor (11, 12) is used. Machine according to Claim 2, characterized in that the channel is designed as a cylindrical .pipe (]}) and the outlet openings (14) are arranged in the axial direction at a distance in the pipe. 009840/1240 4. Machine according to claim 2 or 3 »characterized in that the screw conveyor by a helical brush is shown, which has brush elements (12) which are fastened in a channel-shaped part. 5. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the channel (13) at one end with an inlet (4-0) and at the other end with an additional outlet (41) is provided through which excess material is discharged will. 6. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that a first feed device (39) is provided, the material from the storage container (30) the Manifold (13) feeds and is represented by a line through which the material is under the influence of gravity emotional. 7. Machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the storage container (30) on its bottom surface with a conveyor (36) is provided, which feeds the material to the first feed device (39). 8. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that a second feed device (42, 43) is provided, the excess material from the distribution channel (13) returns to the storage container (30), this second feed device being fed through a pipe (43) revolving screw conveyor (42) is shown. Q098A0 / 1240 ' Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the soil cultivation device has a transverse rotor (44, 47) with soil cultivation tools which throw soil behind the rotor during operation, and that the distributor channel (13) and the rotor (44) are relative to one another are so arranged that the ejected soil is thrown on top of, under or around the material being thrown out is discharged from the distribution channel. 10. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distribution channel (13) in the vertical Direction is movable. 11. Machine according to claim 3 »characterized in that the cylindrical distributor pipe (13) from a second cylindrical Tube (15) is coaxially enclosed, which is provided with openings (16) in axial rows (i6a, 16b, 16c, I6d) which each can be brought into register with the openings (14) in the first tube, around outlets with variable axial spacing to obtain. 12. Machine according to claim 1 or 11, characterized in that below the distribution channel (13) or below the second tube (15) two coaxially lying cylindrical tubes (21, 22) are provided, of which the inner one is radially spaced from the outer tube (22) provided with an inlet (23) and an outlet (24), the inlet communicating with the outlet (14) of the manifold or the outlet (16) of the second pipe and the one entering through the inlet Material between the inner and outer tubes 0 0 9 8 h 0/12 U 0 moves to the outlet (24) of the outer tube from which it Mnter the soil processing device (44) is discharged. 13. Machine according to claim 12, characterized in that the inner cylinder (21) is rotatable relative to the outer cylinder (22) 009840/1240