DE2005399A1 - Device and refractory component for controlling the wear and tear of a refractory lining - Google Patents

Description

ITALSIDER S ^ 'p-A., Genoa, Italy,

Device and refractory element for controlling the Wear and tear of a refractory lining. ".

The invention relates to a device for controlling the wear and tear of a refractory brick lining and a refractory one Component for this.

During 'the operation of industrial plants with refractory Lining always occurs at a point in time in which those responsible for the maintenance of the industrial plant to be faced with the difficult decision, ^ whether the existing refractory lining without the risk of breakage still wider. can be used or whether it is required to renew the lining ^. Although the further exploitation the existing brickwork improves the performance of the industrial plants increases and reduces production costs »be stolen / thereby the danger that if the Aj masonry breakage is possible with catastrophic technical and economic consequences are connected seir ^ kanru

In practice, it is not possible to change the thickness of the existing

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Measure brick lining. For the above decision, there are also no reliable indications about the degree of wear. The assessment has so far only been made on the basis of the production carried out with the existing brickwork, due to the external appearance, based on temperature measurements and based on the personal experience of the specialist.

It is therefore inevitable that walls are often torn down too early, even though they are still adequately covered Safety degree could continue to be used with minor repairs.

W The invention has for its object a device for controlling the wear of a refractory

To create brickwork »

This object is achieved according to the invention in that within the brickwork, as a sensor of wear

at least one electrical conductor and

a return conductor is provided, which is connected to a display device via connections led out of the brickwork are. This creates the possibility of the lining in general and especially for a measurement Inaccessible places where it is exposed to wear and tear should always be checked for wear. Is the lining side exposed to wear and tear

worn to the extent that the medium causing the wear, e.g. hot gas or liquid metal, to the electrical Head can approach, then this leads to a corresponding adaptation of the conductor and the return conductor the medium that wears the brickwork into one

Signal in the display device. For this adjustment to an electrically insulating, the refractory lining from * A-nützendes medium, _o for example, the flue gases of a furnace, the conductor must be electrically connected to the return conductor, so that

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when the conductor is exposed, this connection with the return conductor is interrupted. If the circuit formed by the conductor and the return conductor is in the feed line of a Lamp provided in the display device j danner, l & scht ^ this lamp. This embodiment of the device according to the invention is referred to hereinafter as "type a".

For an electrically conductive one that wears away the refractory brickwork Medium, e.g. for liquid metal, it is advantageous to electrically isolate the conductor from the return conductor. is the wear and tear of the brickwork has progressed to such an extent that the liquid metal the conductor and the. Return conductor touched, then these two are electrically connected by the liquid metal. This can be done in a similar way as described above in the display device by the lighting up of a lamp are displayed. A device according to the invention of this type is referred to below as "Type .V.

The type a circuit can ζ, Β. for the control of the Wear and tear of the refractory lining of an oil furnace vault, the upper blast furnace parts or the like can be used.

The type b circuit can be used e.g. for the »von

because of · ■

Pig iron mixer / he lining of LD converters or the like, used «earth.

The one provided for the ladder inside the masonry and Return conductor -used material should not be susceptible to oxidation be. Its melting point should be so high that the material in the case of type a, it does not melt as long as it is not immediately with which the lining causes wear. Medium comes into contact. ' In the case of type b, the Melting point of the material above the temperature of the wear and tear causing Lledium, e.g. the one in question liquid metal. .

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In an advantageous embodiment it can be provided

to

that one extending parallel to the / controlling surface Ladder network is provided. Here, the electrical conductor according to the invention and / or the return conductor form the conductor network, which should be laid out in such a way that, in the case of type a, a single interruption within the Network interrupts the connection between the connection points of the conductor and the return conductor. In the case of the Type to Of course, any connection between parts of the conductor and the return conductor immediately becomes the one indicating wear Send a signal when the electrically conductive medium, e.g. the liquid gas, touches these two parts.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention are multiple conductors at different distances from the one exposed to wear to indicate different degrees of wear Surface provided. In this way, the various degrees of wear of the refractory lining can be precisely determined will.

The display devices, e.g. is possible to read the position and the depth of the indicated wear.

In a further advantageous embodiment, a conductor and a return conductor are used to test the display device short-circuiting switch provided. This has the advantage that it can always be established by shorting the switch whether the display is due to wear and tear or due to a malfunction the display device has been caused.

The control device can operate at a low voltage, e.g. 6, 12 or 24 volts and with both direct current and

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fed with alternating current v / earth, so that on the part of the electrical Voltage no accidents have to be feared.

The electrical conductors and return conductors can be directly _; be built into a brickwork ,,, · ·

Another feature of the invention is ... a, refractory. Component with at least one conductor and a return conductor provided according to the invention. This refractory component can be designed as a refractory brick, in which the conductor and the return line completely or to Part are used. Such a stone made "sensitive" by the built-in conductor and return conductor can now be arranged at those points of the refractory lining that are exposed to heavy wear and tear and which one. Observation or measurement are difficult to access.

The invention is illustrated in the following description of FIGS Drawings schematically illustrated embodiments explained in detail.

It show ι

fig, 1 and 2 perspective representations one each designed as a refractory brick component according to the invention for a refractory lining "

Fig. 3 shows a circuit of the invention Device / for the component according to

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a

luer-proof stone trained A component according to the invention for a f-furnace vault.

$ 00383/1430

FIG. 1 shows a refractory element 1 of type a, designed as a brick, which has been "made sensitive" by inserting a series of conductors 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 in five display levels. The conductors are parallel to the surface 8 exposed to wear. arranged at different distances from these surfaces 8. Each of the individual conductors 2 to 6 is connected in the exemplary embodiment of FIG _o 1 to a common return line 7 "The junctions ends remote from the conductor 2 to 6, and the return conductor 7 are through terminals in the surface 8 opposite surface to that in Fig. 3 connected to the formation of a control device in which each conductor 2 to 6 is assigned a suitable signal device which triggers a signal when the wear of the element in question has reached a level at which the corresponding conductor is interrupted.

The component 1 according to Fig »1 is applicable if the The medium causing the wear and tear of the component 1 is an insulating material, e.g. gas that comes into contact with the lining of the Vault of an SM oven is coming.

If, on the other hand, the cause of the wear and tear of the refractory element is a non-insulating medium, e.g. molten metal, so it is necessary to use a type b refractory element as shown in FIG.

In this case, too, a row of conductors 102 to 106 is provided for the component 101, but they run perpendicular to the surface 108 which is exposed to wear and tear and end at different distances from it 102 hit »- 106 and the return line 107 galvanically connected by the conductive liquid metal as soon as the · wear and tear

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has reached such a degree, that the end of _the: respective conductor is "102 reaches up to the 106th

Mach Fig. 3 are those through the individual conductors 2 to 6 And the return conductor 7 formed circuits fed by a step-down transformer T from the network R, with incandescent lamps 22 bie 26 are provided, which remain ignited until the wear of the stone interrupts the corresponding conductor 2 (or from 3 to 6). Switches 32 to 36 allow the The lamps 22 and 26 are fed independently of the corresponding circuits 2.7 to 6.7.

It is possible to check whether the extinguishing of a lamp was actually caused by the wear and tear of the refractory element or by a malfunction in the line or the burning out of the lamp.

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As already mentioned, the material forming the electrical conductors inside the structural element must be selected taking into account the conditions which lead to the wear and tear of the refractory bricks. For narrow vaults (SLI ovens), for example, because of its inoxidisability even at high temperatures and its melting point of 1773.5 ° C, it is suitable for the formation of circuits of the type a platinum wire of 0 _t 5 ma Ji «more good.

For the wear control of the upper parts of a blast furnace, on the other hand, for the formation of circuits of type a steel or iron wire with, 1 _; pcier 2 now 0 advantageous.

With Roheisenalschervftgenist for the formation of circuits of the Type b in the brickwork of 4 - 5 mm square iron wire suitable. - V- .: - e & v ^; . - ■ -. ^: ;

When an electrical circuit of type a in the vault of an SM furnace

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is attached, the interruption can be reported by the connected lamp, which is either completely extinguished or lights up much less than when the corresponding switch (32-36) is actuated, ie by short-circuiting the circuit provided inside the sensitive element. The latter case occurs especially at very high oven temperatures, e.g. in the fresh phase, as the liquid layer that forms on the surface of the stone exposed to the heat becomes conductive due to the connection with the iron oxides, which lower the melting point, and as a result a pseudo-conduction bridge between the two parts of the interrupted one Generated circuit. The flow of current is W, however, because of the higher electrical resistance of the liquid layer, much less than with an undamaged circuit. The appearance is clearly evident from the degree of brightness of the lamp.

For example, and as an experiment, a type a circuit was used in the vault of an SM furnace during three masonry periods tried. Each time the vault was re-bricked, five stones were placed at three different distances (200, 150 and 100 mm) from the outer surface of the vault lining provided with electrical conductors. The five stones are in those most well known to those skilled in the art for most of the wear.

t installed in front of set vaulting points.

The interruption of the circuits always took place in the intended Order and according to the actual

Wear of the "sensitized" stone. -Only The phenomenon described above could be noticed twice: A lamp that had already gone out earlier and had reported the interruption of the corresponding circuit, but lights up again with much less Brightness on.

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Claims (9)

P_a_t_e_n_t_a_n_s_p_r_ü_o_h_e 1) Device for controlling the wear and tear of a refractory lining, characterized in that within at least one electrical conductor (2 to 6; 102 to 106) of the brick lining (1, 101) as a sensor for wear and tear "and a return conductor (7; 107) are provided, which are connected to the connections via the brickwork (1, 101) a display device (22 to 26) are connected. 2) Device according to claim 1 ,. characterized in that A conductor network extending parallel to the surface exposed to wear is provided as a sensor. 3) Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that to Erüfen the _t display device (22 to 26) a the conductor (2 to 6) and the return conductor (7) short-circuiting switch (36) is provided, 4) Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that to display different degrees of wear-r more _; he conductors (2 to 6; 102 to 106) are provided at various distances from the surface exposed to wear (8, 108). 5) Device according to Claim 4, characterized in that all conductors (2 to 6j 102 to 106) share a common Have back lines (7.10?). 6) Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by that for an electrically insulating that , 009835 / U30 .. refractory lining wear medium the conductor (2 to 6) is galvanically connected to the return conductor (7). 7) Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the conductor (102 to 106) is electrically isolated from the return conductor (107) for an electrically conductive medium which wears the refractory lining. 8) Device according to one of claims 1 to 7 »characterized in that each conductor (2 to 6) is assigned its own display device (22 to 26). 9) Refractory component with at least one conductor (2 to 6; 102 to 106) and a return conductor (7,107) according to one of claims 1 to 8. 009835 / U3O Blank page